A roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system

Abstract

This invention relates to a roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag removal simulation system, belonging to the fields of geotechnical engineering and mining engineering testing technology. It includes an excavation module, a slag removal module, a feeding module, and an intelligent control cabinet. The excavation module is used to simulate the coal seam mining process. The slag removal module, located below the excavation module, is used to transport and recover the coal slag after excavation and mining. The feeding module, with its output end connected to the slag removal module, is used to feed the slag removal module in the mining direction. The intelligent control cabinet is used to realistically simulate the complete excavation, mining, and slag removal process of coal seams of different thicknesses. The excavation module adopts a double-roller mining mechanism to achieve continuous mining of coal seams of different thicknesses. This invention is simple and convenient to operate, and can realistically simulate the complete excavation, mining, and slag removal process of coal seams of different thicknesses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of geotechnical engineering and mining engineering testing technology, specifically a roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system. Background Technology

[0002] Coal resources are a vital strategic energy resource for my country, with its coal production far exceeding that of other countries. In 2020, my country's coal production reached 3.902 billion tons, still less than the combined production of the second to tenth largest coal-producing countries. With the comprehensive development of shallow coal seams, large coal mines are gradually moving deeper. However, deep resource extraction faces unprecedentedly complex geological conditions. High ground stress, high groundwater pressure, and high-pressure gas environments easily lead to various disasters, causing severe personnel and economic losses. The shortcomings of traditional coal mining technologies are becoming increasingly apparent, making efficiency and safety in the coal mining process urgent issues to be addressed.

[0003] Model testing, as a common method in engineering research, has advantages such as strong targeting, good verification, vivid experimental phenomena, and accurate experimental data. Currently, many scholars have used model testing to conduct physical simulation experiments on roadway excavation and coal seam mining to study the complex disaster patterns in deep engineering. However, many completed model tests rely heavily on manual methods for the excavation process, resulting in numerous drawbacks such as high labor intensity, poor simulation realism, difficulties in coal slag and waste removal, susceptibility to safety accidents under high pressure, and interference with sensor testing. To make the testing process more automated, intelligent, and safe, and to conduct more realistic physical simulations of coal seam mining, it is necessary to develop a simulation system for coal seam mining and waste transport in model tests.

[0004] The current research status of coal mining systems used for simulation experiments is as follows:

[0005] Chinese patent ZL201510882637.2 discloses an excavation device for similarity simulation tests, particularly relating to excavation devices for similarity simulation tests in the fields of mining and geotechnical engineering. This device provides forward excavation power through an electric motor and controls the working face advance speed through a speed regulating device, ensuring a smooth excavation process and the flatness of the upper and lower plates of the excavated coal seam, thereby achieving accurate simulation of the actual coal seam advance process. However, the excavation device used for coal seam mining has low coal seam recovery efficiency, and the entire system does not consider the transportation and handling of coal slag during excavation, which may lead to difficulties in coal slag removal in actual operation.

[0006] Chinese patent ZL201910246146.7 discloses a test device and method for simulating coal seam excavation, overlying strata, and surface deformation. It utilizes prefabricated baffles to form a container of similar materials, and incorporates a horizontal bubble analyzer, a profile settlement control test chamber, and a monitoring system to improve the reliability of test results, thereby achieving accurate simulation and collecting comprehensive test data. However, this simulation test system requires manual control of various settlement control bases using a wheel to conduct coal seam excavation tests under various working conditions. The operation is complex and inconvenient to control, resulting in a low degree of automation.

[0007] Chinese patent ZL201210476594.4 discloses an automated micro-mining system suitable for model testing. This system's mining device consists of a mining drum, ventilation pipes, and rotary bearings, connected to a rotary motor and a stepper motor, and controlled by an automatic control system. During coal seam mining, upper and lower roadways are excavated first, forming a cutting edge. Concealed excavation then proceeds outward from the cutting edge, simulating the coal seam mining process. However, the system's overall frame is pre-embedded in the coal seam during excavation preparation, resulting in poor stability and introducing uncertainty into the test. The entire excavation process is a "black box" operation, making it impossible to monitor the progress. Furthermore, the coal slag conveying and recovery device uses a ventilation pump design, which has low reliability and is prone to slag blockage and difficulty in removal, making it difficult to conduct stable simulation tests and accurately simulate the entire coal seam mining process.

[0008] Existing coal seam mining systems used for simulation experiments each have their own characteristics, but they also have certain limitations, such as:

[0009] (1) Most simulation test devices cannot realize the integrated process of excavation, slag transportation and feeding during coal seam mining. They are prone to problems such as coal slag accumulation affecting mining feed and difficulty in clearing slag in the later stage. The overall reliability is poor and it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the simulation test.

[0010] (2) The degree of automation is low, and many complex components are set up to control the coal seam excavation process, making operation inconvenient.

[0011] (3) Existing excavation and mining equipment used in simulation tests is simple, with low coal seam recovery efficiency. Moreover, the excavation system is often placed directly in the coal seam, and the entire recovery process is a "black box operation". It is impossible to make the mining process intuitive and visible, and the experimental personnel cannot adjust the recovery process according to the tunneling situation. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system with a high degree of automation and simple and convenient operation. By setting up excavation module, slag transportation module, feeding module and intelligent control cabinet, it can realistically simulate the complete excavation and mining and slag transportation process of coal seams of different thicknesses.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system, including an excavation module, a slag transportation module, a feeding module and an intelligent control cabinet;

[0014] The excavation module is used to complete the coal seam mining simulation work;

[0015] The slag removal module is located below the excavation module and completes the transportation and recycling of coal slag after excavation and mining.

[0016] The feed module has its output end connected to the muck-carrying module and is used to feed the muck-carrying module in the direction of mining.

[0017] The intelligent control cabinet is electrically connected to the excavation module, the slag removal module, and the feed module respectively, and is used to realistically simulate the complete excavation and mining process and slag transportation process of coal seams of different thicknesses.

[0018] The excavation module uses a double-roller coal mining mechanism, which enables continuous mining of coal seams of different thicknesses.

[0019] Furthermore, the feeding module includes a support frame, a main frame, a sliding frame, a frame lifting mechanism, and a sliding pushing mechanism. The main frame is mounted on the top of the support frame via the frame lifting mechanism, the sliding pushing mechanism is mounted on the main frame, and the sliding frame is slidably connected to the top of the main frame and connected to the output end of the sliding pushing mechanism.

[0020] Furthermore, the frame lifting mechanism includes a worm gear screw jack, a linear bearing, a support optical shaft, and a central shaft connecting rod; the worm gear screw jacks are symmetrically installed at the top of the support frame, and the two worm gear screw jacks are connected by the central shaft connecting rod; the output end of the worm gear screw jack is connected to the main frame, and a support optical shaft is provided at each of the four corners of the support frame; a linear bearing is provided at each of the four corners of the bottom of the main frame, and the support optical shaft passes through the linear bearing and is slidably connected to the linear bearing.

[0021] Furthermore, the sliding push mechanism includes a connecting fixing plate, a feed screw, a parallel coupling, and a stepper motor; the connecting fixing plate is mounted on the sliding frame, a limit bolt is installed on the main frame, one end of the feed screw is rotatably connected to the limit bolt, and the other end passes through the connecting fixing plate and is connected to the output end of the stepper motor through the parallel coupling; sliders are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the sliding frame, and sliding guide rails that cooperate with the sliders are provided on both sides of the top end of the main frame.

[0022] Furthermore, the slag transport module includes a slag transport frame, a transverse slag transport mechanism, a longitudinal slag transport mechanism, a slag funnel, and a slag recovery box. The slag transport frame is connected to the sliding frame via a U-shaped protective cover. An upper chute and a lower chute are respectively provided on both sides of the slag transport frame. The transverse slag transport mechanism is installed on the inner side of the front end of the slag transport frame, and the longitudinal slag transport mechanism is installed inside the lower chute. The output end of the transverse slag transport mechanism corresponds to the input end of the longitudinal slag transport mechanism. The slag funnel is located below the output end of the longitudinal slag transport mechanism, and the slag recovery box is located below the discharge port of the slag funnel.

[0023] Furthermore, the transverse slag conveying mechanism includes a transverse slag conveyor belt, a first conveyor wheel, and a conveyor belt rotary motor. The conveyor belt rotary motor is installed in the upper chute, and the output end of the conveyor belt rotary motor is connected to the first conveyor wheel. Both ends of the transverse slag conveyor belt are sleeved on the first conveyor wheel.

[0024] Furthermore, the longitudinal slag conveying mechanism includes a longitudinal slag conveyor belt, a DC motor, a motor reducer, a first rotating gear, a second rotating gear, a second conveyor wheel, and a connecting belt; the DC motor is installed on the outside of the slag conveying frame, the output end of the DC motor extends into the lower trough and is connected to the motor reducer, the output end of the motor reducer is connected to the first rotating gear, the first rotating gear is connected to the second rotating gear through the connecting belt, the second rotating gear is coaxially connected to the second conveyor wheel, the second conveyor wheel is rotatably connected in the lower trough, and both ends of the longitudinal slag conveyor belt are sleeved on the second conveyor wheel.

[0025] Furthermore, the single-roller coal mining mechanism includes a double-roller cutter and a drive assembly. The drive assembly is installed on the slag conveying frame, and the double-roller cutter is installed at the output end of the drive assembly. The drive assembly drives the double-roller cutter to move left and right in the horizontal direction.

[0026] Furthermore, a night vision camera is installed on the side of the slag transport frame near the double-drum cutter.

[0027] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a ball screw, an excavating drum fixing frame, a slider, a slider fixing plate, a linear guide rail, a rotary bearing, a coupling, and a screw rotary motor; rotary bearings are provided on both sides of the slag transport frame, both ends of the ball screw are connected to the rotary bearings, the screw rotary motor is installed on one side of the slag transport frame, and the output end of the screw rotary motor is connected to the ball screw through a coupling, the ball screw passes through the slider and is threadedly connected to the slider, a slider fixing plate is installed at the bottom of the slider, a linear guide rail is installed on the slag transport frame and slidably connected to the slider fixing plate, an excavating drum fixing frame is connected to one side of the slider fixing plate, and the double-drum cutter is installed on the excavating drum fixing frame.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0029] This invention is simple to operate. The intelligent control cabinet is electrically connected to the excavation module, the slag removal module, and the feeding module. It can achieve precise control of the entire mining process by setting parameters such as the automatic feeding speed of the stepper motor, the forward and reverse rotation mode and speed of the rotary motor, the speed of the conveyor belt rotary motor and the speed of the DC motor. It is convenient to operate and has a high degree of automation.

[0030] (2) It has strong applicability. It adopts a separable frame structure, and the whole system is on the outside of the platform. It does not adopt the pre-embedded method, which is conducive to the simulation system adapting to various complex coal seam structures. Worm gear screw jacks are set on both sides of the support frame as the lifting mechanism of the whole frame, which can realize the excavation of coal seams with different heights. Moreover, the overall component design is flexible and easy to adjust, which can adapt to the simulated excavation conditions of various mine model tests and complete the simulated mining process of local or continuous coal seams in the model.

[0031] (3) Reliable performance: It adopts a double-drum cutter alloy wire spiral cutting structure, and the forward and reverse rotation mode and speed can be adjusted through the intelligent control cabinet, which helps to ensure the overall mining efficiency of the system. The automatic tunneling time and automatic retreat time of the stepper motor can be set through the intelligent control cabinet to coordinate the speed relationship between coal seam excavation and transportation during the mining process, which is conducive to the stable advancement of the mining process and avoids phenomena such as coal slag blockage and difficulty in transportation. The slag transportation module and the feeding module are both controlled by motors, which can ensure the uniformity of speed. The various modules are connected and controlled by ingenious mechanical components, which can realize efficient reciprocating coal mining and slag transportation, which is conducive to the stable operation of simulation test.

[0032] (4) It has good realism. The system is equipped with excavation module, slag transportation module, feeding module and intelligent control cabinet, which realizes the full process simulation of coal seam mining in various model tests, and can realistically simulate the on-site coal mining situation and reflect the fracture and collapse process of the overlying strata. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the excavation module, the slag removal module, and the feeding module of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feed module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the slag removal module and the excavation module of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the excavation module of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 1 is the excavation module; 1-1 is the double-roller cutter; 1-2 is the night vision camera; 1-3 is the rotary motor; 1-4 is the ball screw; 1-5 is the excavation roller fixing frame; 1-6 is the inclined shovel plate; 1-7 is the slider; 1-8 is the slider fixing plate; 1-9 is the linear guide rail; 1-10 is the rotary bearing; 1-11 is the screw coupling; 1-12 is the screw rotary motor; 2 is the slag conveyor module; 2-1 is the transverse slag conveyor belt; 2-2 is the longitudinal slag conveyor belt; 2-3 is the lower chute; 2-4 is the coal slag funnel; 2-5 is the coal slag recovery box; 2-6 is the slag conveyor frame; 2-7 is the conveyor belt rotary motor; 2-8 is the upper chute; 2-9 is the pressure roller; 2-10 is the curved... Angle baffle, 2-11 is the second rotating gear, 2-12 is the connecting belt, 2-13 is the coupling, 2-14 is the motor reducer, 2-15 is the fixing plate, 2-16 is the DC motor; 3 is the feed module, 3-1 is the connecting fixing plate, 3-2 is the feed screw, 3-3 is the stepper motor, 3-4 is the slider, 3-5 is the sliding guide rail, 3-6 is the sliding frame, 3-7 is the main frame, 3-8 is the support frame, 3-9 is the frame lifting mechanism, 3-10 is the limit bolt, 3-11 is the parallel coupling, 3-12 is the worm gear screw jack, 3-13 is the linear bearing, 3-14 is the support optical shaft, 3-15 is the U-shaped protective cover, 3-16 is the central shaft connecting rod, 4 is the intelligent control operation cabinet, and 5 is the housing. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To achieve the above objectives and effects, the technical means and structure adopted by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, focusing on the features and functions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1-6As shown, the present invention provides a roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system, including an excavation module 1, a slag transportation module 2, a feeding module 3, and an intelligent control cabinet 4;

[0043] The excavation module 1 is used to complete the coal seam mining simulation work and prevent the tunnel from collapsing.

[0044] The slag transport module 2 is located below the excavation module 1 and completes the transport and recycling of coal slag after excavation and mining.

[0045] The feed module 3 has its output end connected to the slag transport module 2, and is used for feeding the slag transport module 2 in the direction of mining, as well as supporting and lifting the entire device.

[0046] The intelligent control cabinet 4 is electrically connected to the excavation module 1, the slag transport module 2, and the feed module 3 respectively, and is used to realistically simulate the complete excavation and mining process and waste slag transport process of coal seams of different thicknesses. The intelligent control cabinet integrates the control modules of each component unit of the system, and can comprehensively control the operation actions and parameters of the entire process of mining, material transport and feeding in the test, so as to realize highly automated operation throughout the test.

[0047] Among them, the excavation module 1 adopts a double roller mining mechanism, which can realize continuous mining of coal seams of different thicknesses and ensure the overall mining efficiency of the system.

[0048] The feed module 3 includes a support frame 3-8, a main frame 3-7, a sliding frame 3-6, a frame lifting mechanism 3-9, and a sliding pushing mechanism. The main frame 3-7 is mounted on top of the support frame 3-8 via the frame lifting mechanism 3-9. The sliding pushing mechanism is mounted on the main frame 3-7. The sliding frame 3-6 is slidably connected to the top of the main frame 3-7 and connected to the output end of the sliding pushing mechanism. The feed module 3 is responsible for feeding the entire system frame towards the frame opening. Through intelligent control cabinet adjustment, it can achieve the excavation of a coal seam of one cut size by the coal mining device. The feed module 3 pulls the entire system forward by one cut in the feeding direction.

[0049] In this embodiment, the frame lifting mechanism 3-9 includes a worm gear screw jack 3-12, a linear bearing 3-13, a support optical shaft 3-14, and a central shaft connecting rod 3-16. The worm gear screw jacks 3-12 are symmetrically installed at the top of the support frame 3-8, and the two worm gear screw jacks 3-12 are connected by the central shaft connecting rod 3-16. The output end of the worm gear screw jack 3-12 is connected to the main frame 3-7. A support optical shaft 3-14 is provided at each of the four corners of the support frame 3-8, and a linear bearing 3-13 is provided at each of the four corners of the bottom of the main frame 3-7. The support optical shaft 3-14 passes through the linear bearing 3-13 and is slidably connected to the linear bearing 3-13. The circular wheel handwheel at the end of the worm gear screw jack 3-12 controls the lifting or lowering of the worm gear screw jack 3-12, driving the optical shafts at the four corners to move vertically, thereby realizing the overall lifting and lowering of the main frame 3-7, and enabling the excavation of coal seams of different heights.

[0050] In this embodiment, the sliding push mechanism includes a connecting fixing plate 3-1, a feed screw 3-2, a parallel coupling 3-11, and a stepper motor 3-3. The connecting fixing plate 3-1 is mounted on the sliding frame 3-6, and a limit bolt 3-10 is mounted on the main frame 3-7. One end of the feed screw 3-2 is rotatably connected to the limit bolt 3-10, and the other end passes through the connecting fixing plate 3-1 and is connected to the output end of the stepper motor 3-3 through the parallel coupling 3-11. Slider blocks 3-4 are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the sliding frame 3-6, and sliding guide rails 3-5 that cooperate with the sliders 3-4 are provided on both sides of the top end of the main frame 3-7. The stepper motor 3-3 controls the rotation of the feed screw 3-2 through the parallel coupling 3-11. The forward and reverse rotation of the feed screw 3-2 can control the slider 3-4 to move forward and backward on the sliding guide rail 3-5 through the connecting fixing plate 3-1, thereby realizing the overall translation of the sliding frame 3-6.

[0051] The slag removal module 2 includes a slag removal frame 2-6, a transverse slag removal mechanism, a longitudinal slag removal mechanism, a slag funnel 2-4, and a slag recovery box 2-5. The slag removal frame 2-6 is connected to the sliding frame 3-6 via a U-shaped protective cover 3-15 to ensure synchronous feeding of the slag removal frame 2-6 along the mining direction. An upper feed chute 2-8 and a lower feed chute 2-3 are respectively provided on both sides of the slag removal frame 2-6. The transverse slag removal mechanism is installed inside the front end of the slag removal frame 2-6, and the longitudinal slag removal mechanism is installed inside the lower feed chute 2-3. The output end of the transverse slag removal mechanism corresponds to the input end of the longitudinal slag removal mechanism. The slag funnel 2-4 is located below the output end of the longitudinal slag removal mechanism, and the slag recovery box 2-5 is located below the discharge port of the slag funnel 2-4. Through the transverse and longitudinal slag removal mechanisms, the slag generated during the mining process can be promptly removed and transported to the slag recovery box 2-5 for recovery via the slag funnel 2-4. The coal slag hopper 2-4 adopts a hexagonal hopper structure, which can effectively prevent coal slag leakage during the excavation process and realize coal slag recycling.

[0052] The slag transport frame 2-6 and the sliding frame 3-6 are connected by a detachable U-shaped cover 3-15. After the model material is filled inside the box 5 and the upper roadway 2-8 and lower roadway 2-3 are excavated, the slag transport frame 2-6 and the feed frame are connected by bolts to avoid the uncertainty brought about by the overall frame being pre-embedded in the coal seam.

[0053] The transverse slag removal mechanism includes a transverse slag removal conveyor belt 2-1, a first conveyor wheel, and a conveyor belt rotary motor 2-7. The conveyor belt rotary motor 2-7 is installed inside the upper chute 2-8, and its output end is connected to the first conveyor wheel. Both ends of the transverse slag removal conveyor belt 2-1 are fitted onto the first conveyor wheel. A downward slope is provided between the transverse slag removal conveyor belt 2-1 and the excavation area to facilitate the movement of coal slag.

[0054] The longitudinal slag conveying mechanism includes a longitudinal slag conveyor belt 2-2, a DC motor 2-16, a motor reducer 2-14, a first rotating gear, a second rotating gear 2-11, a second conveyor wheel, and a connecting belt 2-12. The DC motor 2-16 is installed on the outside of the slag conveying frame 2-6. The output end of the DC motor 2-16 extends into the lower chute 2-3 and is connected to the motor reducer 2-14. The motor reducer 2-14 is fixed in the lower chute 2-3 by a fixing plate 2-15. The output end of the motor reducer 2-14 is connected to the first rotating gear. The first rotating gear is connected to the second rotating gear 2-11 by the connecting belt 2-12. The second rotating gear 2-11 is coaxially connected to the second conveyor wheel. The second conveyor wheel is rotatably connected in the lower chute 2-3. The two ends of the longitudinal slag conveyor belt 2-2 are sleeved on the second conveyor wheel. The inner wall of the lower chute 2-3 is equipped with longitudinal guard strips, which are connected to the slag conveyor frame 2-6 by bolts, facilitating the arrangement and fixation of the longitudinal slag conveyor belt. Precise control of the longitudinal slag conveyor belt is achieved through a DC motor 2-16 and a motor reducer 2-14. An angle baffle 2-10 is installed at the corner of the slag conveyor frame 2-6 where the transverse slag conveyor belt 2-1 and the longitudinal slag conveyor belt 2-2 meet, facilitating the transition of slag between the two belts. Pressure rollers are installed at both ends of the transverse slag conveyor belt 2-1 and the longitudinal slag conveyor belt 2-2 as adjustment devices.

[0055] The single-roller coal mining mechanism includes a double-roller cutter 1-1 and a drive assembly. The drive assembly is mounted on the slag conveying frame 2-6, and the double-roller cutter 1-1 is mounted on the output end of the drive assembly. The drive assembly drives the double-roller cutter 1-1 to move horizontally left and right. The double-roller cutter 1-1 is a hollow cylinder with external cutters. An integrated rotary motor 1-3 is built into the cylinder. The double-roller cutters have an alloy welding wire spiral cutting structure, enabling full-height cutting with a single cut and reciprocating shuttle mining. The double-roller coal mining mechanism is comprehensively controlled by an intelligent control cabinet 4, which can switch between forward and reverse rotation modes and adjust the cutting rate of the double-roller cutter 1-1. The front double-roller cutter 1-1 cuts the top coal, and the rear double-roller cutter 1-1 cuts the bottom coal, enabling full-height cutting with a single cut and reciprocating shuttle mining. An inclined shovel plate 1-6 is installed under the double-roller cutter to ensure that the waste slag after cutting enters the transverse slag conveyor belt.

[0056] In this embodiment, multiple evenly distributed night vision cameras 1-2 are installed on the side of the slag transport frame 2-6 near the double roller cutter 1-1. These cameras can monitor and record the operation of the excavation module 1 embedded in the model in real time. The night vision cameras 1-2 are connected to the intelligent control cabinet via a wireless network, and their monitoring images can be transmitted to the LCD screen panel of the intelligent control cabinet for viewing. This allows the test personnel to comprehensively control the entire excavation process based on the operation of the excavation module 1, effectively avoiding "black box operation".

[0057] The drive assembly includes a ball screw 1-4, an excavation drum fixing frame 1-5, a slider 1-7, a slider fixing plate 1-8, a linear guide rail 1-9, a rotary bearing 1-10, a screw coupling 1-11, and a screw rotary motor 1-12. Rotary bearings 1-10 are provided on both sides of the slag-carrying frame 2-6. Both ends of the ball screw 1-4 are connected to the rotary bearings 1-10. The screw rotary motor 1-12 is installed on one side of the slag-carrying frame 2-6, and the screw rotary motor 1-9... The output end of component 2 is connected to the ball screw 1-4 via a screw coupling 1-11. The ball screw 1-4 passes through the slider 1-7 and is threadedly connected to the slider 1-7. A slider fixing plate 1-8 is installed at the bottom of the slider 1-7. A linear guide rail 1-9, which is slidably connected to the slider fixing plate 1-8, is installed on the slag conveying frame 2-6. A digging drum fixing frame 1-5 is connected to one side of the slider fixing plate 1-8. The double-drum cutter 1-1 is installed on the digging drum fixing frame 1-5. Rotary bearings 1-10 on both sides of the ball screw 1-4 are fitted into the slag conveying frame 2-6, making it less likely to be blocked by the cut coal slag, thus preventing blockage of the transverse slag conveying channel. A knob is provided in the middle of the digging drum fixing frame 1-5, which can be manually adjusted to adjust the relative angle of the front and rear double-drum cutters 1-1 to ensure the simulation of digging coal seams of different thicknesses.

[0058] The single-roller coal mining mechanism includes a coal mining drum 1-1 and a drive assembly. Both ends of the coal mining drum 1-1 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the slag conveying frame 2-6. Cutting grinding heads 1-9 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the coal mining drum 1-1. The drive assembly is installed inside the upper roadway 2-8, and its output end is connected to the coal mining drum 1-1 for transmission. Multiple sets of cutting grinding heads 1-9 are provided on the coal mining drum 1-1, enabling parallel synchronous mining of coal seams at the same height, greatly shortening the mining simulation time and improving coal mining efficiency. The coal mining drum 1-1 is a hollow cylinder with external cutting grinding heads 1-9, and can be comprehensively controlled by the intelligent control cabinet 4 to realize the switching of forward and reverse rotation modes and the adjustment of the cutting rate.

[0059] This invention is simple to operate. The intelligent control cabinet is electrically connected to the excavation module, slag removal module, and feeding module. Precise control of the entire mining process can be achieved by setting parameters such as the automatic feed speed of the stepper motor, the forward and reverse rotation mode and speed of the rotary motor, and the speed of the conveyor belt rotary motor and DC motor. It is convenient to operate and highly automated. It has strong applicability, employing a detachable frame structure. The entire system is located on the outside of the platform, without pre-embedding, which facilitates the simulation system's adaptation to various complex coal seam structures. Worm gear screw jacks are installed on both sides of the support frame as lifting mechanisms for the overall frame, enabling excavation of coal seams of different heights. Furthermore, the overall component design is flexible and easily adjustable, adapting to the simulated excavation conditions of various mine model tests, and completing the simulated mining process of local or continuous coal seams in the model. The system boasts reliable performance. Cutting heads are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the coal mining machine drum, and the forward / reverse rotation mode and speed can be adjusted via an intelligent control cabinet, ensuring overall system mining efficiency. The intelligent control cabinet allows setting the automatic excavation and retraction times of the stepper motors to coordinate the speed relationship between coal seam excavation and conveying during mining, facilitating stable progress and preventing coal slag blockage and removal difficulties. Both the slag conveying and feeding modules are motor-controlled, ensuring uniform speed. The various modules are ingeniously connected and controlled by mechanical components, enabling efficient reciprocating coal mining and slag conveying, facilitating stable operation in simulation tests. The system offers high realism, featuring excavation, slag conveying, feeding, and intelligent control cabinet modules. It simulates the entire coal seam mining process in various model tests, realistically reflecting on-site mining conditions and the fracturing and collapse process of the overlying strata.

[0060] The workflow of this invention is as follows:

[0061] (1) Make a test model based on the coal seam design elevation and inclination angle, and fill the box with similar materials.

[0062] (2) Remove the baffles that define the thickness of the front and rear coal seams to expose the coal seam to be excavated. Set up upper and lower roadways on both sides of the excavation roadway, and excavate a space between the two roadways as a cutting hole for installing the coal mining equipment.

[0063] (3) The round wheel rim handwheel at the end of the rotating worm gear screw jack controls the height of the overall frame to match the slag transport frame. The slag transport frame is connected to the sliding frame by bolts and U-shaped guards.

[0064] (4) Place the intelligent control cabinet next to the coal mining device and connect the circuit to ensure that the coal mining machine is in a safe power-on state.

[0065] (5) Start the intelligent control cabinet to control the stepper motor and rotary motor, and set parameters such as the automatic feed speed of the stepper motor, the forward and reverse rotation mode and speed of the rotary motor, and the speed of the conveyor belt rotary motor and the DC motor. Debug the various operating speeds of the coal mining device to ensure high-efficiency operation while avoiding blockage of coal slag conveying.

[0066] (6) Start the rotating motor that drives the coal mining machine drum to begin simulating coal seam mining. The cutting head begins to rotate back and forth along the direction of the similar coal seam to cut the coal seam. The excavation module excavates a coal seam of one cut size, and the sliding frame advances the entire system forward by one cut feed amount.

[0067] (7) The coal slag cut out by the excavation module is sent to the coal slag recycling box through the horizontal slag transport mechanism and the vertical slag transport mechanism.

[0068] (8) Keep the system running until the test is over. After the simulated mining is over, remove each frame unit of the coal mining machine in sequence and put the excavation seal back.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system, characterized in that, It includes an excavation module, a muck removal module, a feeding module, and an intelligent control cabinet; The excavation module is used to complete the coal seam mining simulation work; The slag removal module is located below the excavation module and completes the transportation and recycling of coal slag after excavation and mining. The feed module has its output end connected to the muck-carrying module and is used to feed the muck-carrying module in the direction of mining. The intelligent control cabinet is electrically connected to the excavation module, the slag removal module, and the feed module respectively, and is used to realistically simulate the complete excavation and mining process and slag transportation process of coal seams of different thicknesses. The excavation module uses a double-roller mining mechanism to achieve continuous mining of coal seams of different thicknesses. The feeding module includes a support frame, a main frame, a sliding frame, a frame lifting mechanism, and a sliding pushing mechanism. The main frame is mounted on the top of the support frame via the frame lifting mechanism. The sliding pushing mechanism is mounted on the main frame. The sliding frame is slidably connected to the top of the main frame and connected to the output end of the sliding pushing mechanism. The slag conveying module includes a slag conveying frame, a transverse slag conveying mechanism, a longitudinal slag conveying mechanism, a slag funnel, and a slag recovery box. The slag conveying frame is connected to the sliding frame via a U-shaped protective cover. An upper and lower feed chute are respectively provided on both sides of the slag conveying frame. The transverse slag conveying mechanism is installed inside the front end of the slag conveying frame, and the longitudinal slag conveying mechanism is installed inside the lower feed chute. The output end of the transverse slag conveying mechanism corresponds to the input end of the longitudinal slag conveying mechanism. The slag funnel is located below the output end of the longitudinal slag conveying mechanism, and the slag recovery box is located below the discharge port of the slag funnel. The double-roller coal mining mechanism includes a double-roller cutter and a drive assembly. The drive assembly is installed on the slag conveying frame, and the double-roller cutter is installed at the output end of the drive assembly. The drive assembly drives the double-roller cutter to move left and right in the horizontal direction.

2. The roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frame lifting mechanism includes a worm gear screw jack, a linear bearing, a support optical shaft, and a central shaft connecting rod. The worm gear screw jacks are symmetrically installed at the top of the support frame, and the two worm gear screw jacks are connected by the central shaft connecting rod. The output end of the worm gear screw jack is connected to the main frame. Support optical shafts are provided at the four corners of the support frame, and linear bearings are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the main frame. The support optical shafts pass through the linear bearings and are slidably connected to the linear bearings.

3. The roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding drive mechanism includes a connecting fixed plate, a feed screw, a parallel coupling, and a stepper motor. The connecting fixed plate is mounted on the sliding frame, and a limit bolt is installed on the main frame. One end of the feed screw is rotatably connected to the limit bolt, and the other end passes through the connecting fixed plate and is connected to the output end of the stepper motor through the parallel coupling. Slider blocks are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the sliding frame, and sliding guide rails that cooperate with the sliders are provided on both sides of the top end of the main frame.

4. The roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse slag conveying mechanism includes a transverse slag conveyor belt, a first conveyor wheel, and a conveyor belt rotary motor. The conveyor belt rotary motor is installed in the upper chute, and the output end of the conveyor belt rotary motor is connected to the first conveyor wheel. Both ends of the transverse slag conveyor belt are sleeved on the first conveyor wheel.

5. The roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The longitudinal slag conveying mechanism includes a longitudinal slag conveyor belt, a DC motor, a motor reducer, a first rotating gear, a second rotating gear, a second conveyor wheel, and a connecting belt. The DC motor is installed on the outside of the slag conveying frame. The output end of the DC motor extends into the lower trough and is connected to the motor reducer. The output end of the motor reducer is connected to the first rotating gear. The first rotating gear is connected to the second rotating gear through the connecting belt. The second rotating gear is coaxially connected to the second conveyor wheel. The second conveyor wheel is rotatably connected in the lower trough. Both ends of the longitudinal slag conveyor belt are sleeved on the second conveyor wheel.

6. The roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A night vision camera is installed on the side of the slag transport frame near the double-drum cutter.

7. The roller-type model test coal seam mining and slag transportation simulation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a ball screw, an excavating drum fixing frame, a slider, a slider fixing plate, a linear guide rail, a rotary bearing, a coupling, and a screw rotary motor. Rotary bearings are installed on both sides of the slag-carrying frame. Both ends of the ball screw are connected to the rotary bearings. The screw rotary motor is installed on one side of the slag-carrying frame, and its output end is connected to the ball screw via a coupling. The ball screw passes through the slider and is threadedly connected to it. A slider fixing plate is installed at the bottom of the slider. A linear guide rail that is slidably connected to the slider fixing plate is installed on the slag-carrying frame. An excavating drum fixing frame is connected to one side of the slider fixing plate. The double-drum cutter is installed on the excavating drum fixing frame.

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