A seed quick planting platform and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a seed quick planting platform and a preparation method thereof, wherein the seed quick planting platform comprises a meltblown fiber web and seeds in contact with the meltblown fiber web, wherein the meltblown fiber web has a porosity of more than 90%, and a porosity of 0.1 to 10 g / m 2 The meltblown fibers have a surface density of 5 to 50 μm in diameter, and the meltblown fiber web has sufficient gaps so as not to affect the development and growth of the seeds. At least a portion of the surface of the seeds has a coating, and the coating is bonded to the surface of the seeds to form protrusions, so that some fibers of the meltblown fiber web can be arranged between the gaps of the protrusions to fix the seeds, thereby constructing a seed quick-planting platform with better fixation of the seeds, thereby preventing the seeds from shifting and falling during the relatively large vibration process during transportation and sowing, making it conducive to the seeds to germinate and grow according to the interval design. The seed quick-planting platform of the present invention is particularly suitable for patterned sowing and cultivation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of artificial seedbed seedling cultivation, and particularly relates to a seed rapid planting platform and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In order to realize the mechanization and large-scale sowing and planting of plants, seeds can be sown by arranging them on fabric strips. In order to avoid good development of seeds after germination, or to maintain a good plant growth pattern, the seeds need to be fixed at a distance on the strips, and it is necessary to strictly avoid the displacement or even falling of seeds during transportation, sowing, etc. Chinese patent application CN86103668A clamps and fixes seeds through a multi-layer fiber mesh. During vibration, it is inevitable that the seeds move and slide between the fibers. Chinese patent application CN112753319A wraps the seeds through a double-layer melt-blown fiber layer to avoid the seeds falling off. This method wraps with too dense fibers, and there is not enough gap for the seeds to grow. Therefore, the fibers are bent in the same direction to provide space for the seeds to grow. If the fibers are too dense, it is still not conducive to the growth of the seeds. If the fiber density is too small, the seeds still cannot avoid slipping and sliding. Chinese patent CN114916282B discloses a method for fixing wheat seeds on melt-blown strips. First, a wheat sowing belt is prepared by melt-blowing technology, and the wheat sowing belt is rolled into the groove of the seed tray. The groove is spiral-shaped, wherein the wheat sowing belt is evenly spaced with embedding units with openings facing upwards. Then, the wheat seeds are immersed in a film-forming agent to form a thin film on the surface of the wheat seeds. After being taken out and air-dried, the seeds are sprinkled from directly above the seed tray. Some seeds fall into the embedding units, and the seeds that do not fall into the embedding units are collected. Finally, water is sprayed directly above the seed tray. The film has viscosity when it meets water, forms adhesion to the embedding units, and is dried. This method is complicated and relies on spraying water to dissolve the film-forming agent on the surface of the seeds and bond them to the sowing belt. The bonding is uneven and the bonding force is limited. During the relatively large vibration process during transportation and sowing, the seeds will still shift or even fall. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a seed rapid planting platform that does not affect seed growth and development and has excellent seed fixation, and a preparation method thereof. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0004] A seed quick planting platform, comprising a meltblown fiber web and seeds in contact with the meltblown fiber web;

[0005] The melt-blown fiber web has a porosity of more than 90%, 0.1 to 10 g / m 2 The surface density of the meltblown fiber is 5 to 50 μm in diameter;

[0006] At least part of the surface of the seed has a coating, and the coating includes a first component and a second component. The first component is an adhesive component, and the second component is bonded to the seed surface through the first component. The second component forms protrusions on the coating surface.

[0007] Optionally, the seed quick planting platform further includes a support layer for supporting the meltblown fiber mesh, and the support layer is a woven mesh with a pore size of 0.2 to 20 mm.

[0008] Optionally, the second component is a microfiber, and the protrusion includes the microfiber end.

[0009] Optionally, the microfiber has an aspect ratio of 5 to 50 and a length of 10 to 1000 μm.

[0010] Optionally, the microfibers are lignin fibers or cellulose fibers.

[0011] Optionally, the first component includes one or more colloidal substances selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum, pectin, glutinous rice starch paste and gelatin.

[0012] Optionally, the first component further comprises starch.

[0013] Optionally, the colloidal substance accounts for 10% to 30% by weight of the first component, and the starch accounts for 70% to 90% by weight of the first component.

[0014] Optionally, the meltblown fiber web is a polylactic acid meltblown fiber web.

[0015] A method for preparing the above-mentioned seed rapid planting platform comprises the following steps:

[0016] Treating the surface of the seed to form the coating on at least a portion of the surface of the seed;

[0017] Adding melt-blown material into the melt-blown device to perform melt-blown spinning to form a melt-blown fiber web;

[0018] The seeds having the coating on the surface are arranged on the meltblown fiber web.

[0019] The seed planting platform of the present invention comprises a meltblown fiber web and seeds in contact with the meltblown fiber web, wherein the meltblown fiber web has a porosity of more than 90%, and a porosity of 0.1 to 10 g / m 2The meltblown fibers have a surface density of 10 to 30 μm in diameter, the meltblown fiber mesh has sufficient interstices to not affect the development and growth of the seeds, and at least a portion of the seed surface is coated. The coating adheres to the seed surface to form protrusions, so that some fibers of the meltblown fiber mesh can be arranged between the gaps between the protrusions to secure the seeds. This creates a seed rapid planting platform that better secures the seeds, preventing them from shifting and falling during the relatively large vibrations during transportation and planting, and facilitating the seeds' germination and growth according to the designed spacing. The seed rapid planting platform of the present invention is particularly suitable for patterned sowing and cultivation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The inventors of the present invention have found through research that meltblown fiber mesh can be used to clamp and fix seeds while providing sufficient space for seed development and growth. By coating the seeds on the surface to form a rough coating surface on the seed surface, the fixation effect of the meltblown fiber on the seeds can be increased. Therefore, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a seed quick planting platform is provided, which includes a meltblown fiber mesh and seeds in contact with the meltblown fiber mesh; the meltblown fiber mesh has a porosity of more than 90%, 0.1 to 10 g / m 2 The surface density of the meltblown fiber is 5 to 50 μm; wherein, at least part of the surface of the seed has a coating, the coating includes a first component and a second component, the first component is an adhesive component, the second component is bonded to the seed surface through the first component, and the second component forms protrusions on the surface of the coating.

[0021] In some embodiments of the seed planting platform of the present invention, in order to facilitate the growth of seeds, in some embodiments, the melt-blown fiber web has a void ratio of more than 95%, for example, a void ratio of 96%, a void ratio of 97%, a void ratio of 98%, a void ratio of 99%, etc. In some embodiments, the melt-blown fiber web has a density of 0.5 to 5 g / m 2 The surface density is, for example, 0.5 g / m 2 Surface density, 1g / m 2 Surface density, 1.5g / m 2 Surface density, 2g / m 2 Surface density, 2.5g / m 2 Surface density, 3g / m 2 Surface density, 3.5g / m 2 Surface density, 4g / m 2 Surface density, 4.5g / m 2 Surface density, 5g / m 2The porosity can be calculated by measuring the pore volume and the bulk density of the fibers. The surface density can be obtained by weighing the meltblown fiber web per unit area. In some specific embodiments, the fiber diameter in the meltblown fiber web is 10 to 30 μm, such as 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm or 30 μm.

[0022] The seed planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention is easy to tear during operation or sowing because the meltblown fiber mesh is not strong enough. In some specific embodiments, the seed planting platform further includes a support layer for supporting the meltblown fiber mesh, and the support layer is a woven mesh with a pore size of 0.2 to 20 mm, such as a woven mesh woven by shuttle, air jet, or water jet loom. In some specific embodiments, the support layer is a woven mesh with a pore size of 1 to 10 mm, such as a pore size of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, or 10 mm.

[0023] In some specific embodiments of the seed rapid planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention, the woven mesh and the meltblown fiber mesh are melt-bonded. Specifically, for example, the woven mesh is used as the heating end to perform hot-pressing melt bonding with the meltblown fiber mesh, or the meltblown fiber is directly sprayed onto the woven mesh under high temperature to form melt bonding.

[0024] In the seed rapid planting platform of a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the woven mesh can be various polymer fibers, such as PET fiber or polyolefin fiber. Considering the impact on the environment, in some specific embodiments, the material of the woven mesh is biodegradable material fiber, such as polylactic acid fiber, polycaprolactone fiber, adipic acid, butanediol and terephthalate terpolymer fiber or polybutylene succinate fiber, etc.

[0025] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first component of the rapid seed planting platform is an adhesive component. The adhesive component can be any substance capable of bonding to the seed surface. In some embodiments, the first component includes a polymer adhesive component such as one or more of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, or polyvinyl alcohol copolymer. In some embodiments, the first component includes a colloidal substance such as one or more of xanthan gum, pectin, glutinous rice starch paste, or gelatin. Since using only a colloidal substance can easily lead to adhesion between seeds during the seed coating process, in some embodiments, to facilitate coating preparation, prevent adhesion during the coating process, and ensure adhesion between the coating and the seed surface, the first component includes starch and the colloidal substance. Specifically, in some embodiments, the colloidal substance accounts for 10% to 30% by weight of the first component, and the starch accounts for 70% to 90% by weight of the first component. For example, the first component is composed of xanthan gum and starch in a weight ratio of 10:90, 20:80, or 30:70.

[0026] In some embodiments of the seed rapid planting platform of the present invention, the first component further includes a dispersant for dispersing the second component, and the dispersant includes, for example, polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, polyurethane or phosphate ester.

[0027] In the seed planting platform of a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second component forms spaced protrusions on the surface of the coating. In some specific embodiments, the second component is an organic or inorganic filler, an organic or inorganic whisker, or an organic or inorganic fiber.

[0028] In some embodiments of the seed planting platform according to specific embodiments of the present invention, the second component comprises microfibers, and the protrusions include the microfiber ends, that is, at least some of the fiber ends of the microfibers are free ends that protrude from the coating surface. This facilitates the embedding of fibers in the meltblown fiber web into the gaps between the fiber ends of the protrusions and the coating, thereby strengthening the fixation of the seeds. Considering that during the preparation process, it is more advantageous to form more firm fiber end protrusions on the seed surface that are effective for embedding and fixing the fibers in the meltblown fiber web, in some embodiments, the microfibers have an aspect ratio of 5 to 50 and a length of 10 to 1000 μm. Furthermore, the microfibers have an aspect ratio of 10 to 20, and specific aspect ratios can be, for example, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20, and a length of 50 to 100 μm, and specific lengths can be, for example, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, or 100 μm, etc.

[0029] In the seed rapid planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention, in some specific embodiments, the mass ratio of the first component to the second component is 1:10 to 10:1, and specifically can be 1:10, 1:9, 1:8, 1:7, 1:6, 1:5, 1:4, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1 or 10:1, etc.

[0030] In some specific embodiments of the seed rapid planting platform of the present invention, the microfibers are lignin fibers or cellulose fibers. Compared with glass fibers, lignin fibers or cellulose fibers can cooperate with starch and colloidal substances to have a better adhesion effect on the seed surface.

[0031] In the seed rapid planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the meltblown fiber can be various commonly used meltblown resin materials, such as commonly used polypropylene resin materials. Considering the impact on the environment, in some specific embodiments, the meltblown fiber web is a biodegradable material meltblown fiber web, specifically, for example, it can be a polylactic acid meltblown fiber web, a polycaprolactone meltblown fiber web, a terpolymer copolyester of adipic acid, butanediol and terephthalate meltblown fiber web, or a polybutylene succinate meltblown fiber web.

[0032] In some specific embodiments of the seed rapid planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention, the meltblown fiber web further includes various ingredient components, and the ingredient components may be, for example, fertilizers, water absorbents, or insect repellents, etc.

[0033] In some specific embodiments of the seed rapid planting platform of the present invention, the coating further includes various ingredients, such as fertilizers, water absorbents, insect repellents, and the like.

[0034] In some specific embodiments of the seed rapid planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention, the coating also includes a pigment component. The surface of the seeds is colored by the pigment component, and the seed arrangement pattern can be intuitively obtained. For example, different seeds use different colors, and the arrangement pattern of different seeds can be intuitively obtained.

[0035] The seed quick planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention, in some specific embodiments, further includes other layers, such as a water absorption layer, a fertilizer layer or a covering layer, etc.

[0036] In some specific embodiments of the seed rapid planting platform of the present invention, the coating further includes the above-mentioned ingredients and components, which is more conducive to fixing these ingredients and components around the seeds and is more conducive to the germination and growth of the seeds.

[0037] In some embodiments of the seed rapid planting platform of the present invention, the seeds can be seeds of various vegetables, fruits, and grains, such as seeds of cabbage, loofah, pumpkin, mung bean, red bean, soybean, grapefruit, litchi, wheat, rice, etc.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing the seed rapid planting platform is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Treating the surface of the seed to form the coating on at least a portion of the surface of the seed;

[0040] Adding melt-blown material into the melt-blown device to perform melt-blown spinning to form a melt-blown fiber web;

[0041] The seeds having the coating on the surface are arranged on the meltblown fiber web.

[0042] The preparation method of the seed rapid planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention, in some specific embodiments, the first component is a water-soluble adhesive, and the method also includes preparing an aqueous solution of the first component, in which the weight percentage of the first component in the aqueous solution is 1 to 10 wt%, and the specific weight percentage of the first component is, for example, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt% or 10 wt%, etc. In some specific embodiments, as described above, the first component includes starch and the colloidal substance, and in the aqueous solution, the weight percentage of the first component is 1 to 15 wt%.

[0043] The preparation method of the seed rapid planting platform according to the specific embodiment of the present invention, in some specific embodiments, the aqueous solution of the first component is sprayed or immersed or otherwise wetted on the surface of the seed, and then the second component is sprayed or blended and stirred or otherwise contacted with the surface-wetted seeds to adhere to the seed surface, and then dried by a drying method such as cold air, hot air or vacuum to form the coating on the surface of the seed. In some specific embodiments, the second component is dispersed in the first component and then sprayed on the surface of the seed, and then dried by a drying method such as cold air, hot air or vacuum.

[0044] In some embodiments of the method for preparing a seed rapid planting platform according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, after the meltblown fiber web is formed, seeds having the coating on their surfaces are placed on the meltblown fiber web, and then suction is performed to further secure the seeds having the coating on their surfaces to the meltblown fiber web. In some embodiments, reference can be made to the preparation method of Chinese patent application CN112753319A, in which the seeds are extruded and wrapped between two layers of meltblown fibers. For the preparation method described in Example 2 of CN112753319A, in some embodiments, a suction device or stretching device is provided after the extrusion device to stretch the meltblown fiber web, further securing the seeds having the coating to the meltblown fiber web.

[0045] In some specific implementations of the preparation method of the seed rapid planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention, the porosity and surface density of the meltblown fiber web can be adjusted by adjusting the meltblowing process, such as suction pressure, meltblowing die head pressure, conveying speed, meltblowing hole setting, etc.

[0046] The preparation method of the seed quick planting platform of the specific embodiment of the present invention, in some specific embodiments, is first formed by hot-pressing and bonding a layer of meltblown mesh to the woven mesh, and then the seeds with the coating on the surface are arranged on the meltblown fiber mesh, and then covered with the meltblown fiber mesh again. After the coated seeds are squeezed and wrapped between the two layers of meltblown fiber layers, suction is further used to fix the seeds with the coating on the surface to the meltblown fiber mesh.

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and comparative examples.

[0048] Example

[0049] An aqueous solution with a xanthan gum mass percentage of 1 wt%, starch mass percentage of 4 wt%, and sodium polyacrylate mass percentage of 0.2 wt% was prepared, and then 1 part by weight of lignin microfibers with an aspect ratio of 15 and a length of 60 μm was stirred and uniformly dispersed in 100 parts by weight of the aqueous solution.

[0050] The aqueous solution containing dispersed wood lignin microfibers is sprayed on the surface of wheat seeds moistened with water, and then vacuum dried to prepare a coating having xanthan gum / starch-bonded lignin microfibers on the surface of the seeds.

[0051] The first layer of polylactic acid meltblown fiber web was sprayed onto a polylactic acid fiber woven web with a pore size of 2 mm, and then the coated wheat seeds were added to the first layer of polylactic acid meltblown fiber web. A second layer of polylactic acid meltblown fiber web was formed on the coated seeds. A suction device was set below the extrusion device for suction to prepare a quick planting platform with wheat seeds. The porosity of the polylactic acid meltblown fiber web was about 98%, and the surface density was about 2.5 g / m 2 , and the fiber diameter is about 20 μm (the porosity, surface density and fiber diameter of the polylactic acid meltblown fiber web are measured by the polylactic acid meltblown fiber web without the addition of a woven mesh and wheat seeds).

[0052] Comparative Example

[0053] The first layer of polylactic acid meltblown fiber web was sprayed onto a polylactic acid fiber woven web with a pore size of 2 mm, and then wheat seeds were added to the first layer of polylactic acid meltblown fiber web. A second layer of polylactic acid meltblown fiber web was formed on the seeds. A suction device was set below the extrusion device for suction to prepare a quick planting platform with wheat seeds. The porosity of the polylactic acid meltblown fiber web was about 98%, and the surface density was about 2.5 g / m 2 , and the fiber diameter is about 20 μm (the porosity, surface density and fiber diameter of the polylactic acid meltblown fiber web are measured by the polylactic acid meltblown fiber web without the addition of a woven mesh and wheat seeds).

[0054] The seed planting platforms of the embodiment and the comparative example were cut into samples of the same size and placed in an ultrasonic vibrating screen for 30 minutes. After being taken out, it was found that most of the wheat seeds in the embodiment remained in their original positions after coating, a small part underwent minor displacement changes, and no falling occurred. In contrast, almost all of the wheat seeds in the comparative example were displaced, and about 30 wt% of the wheat seeds fell off, indicating that the seed planting platform with a lignin microfiber coating on the surface in the embodiment has a good seed fixation effect.

[0055] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A seed rapid planting platform, characterized in that: The seed quick planting platform includes a meltblown fiber mesh and seeds in contact with the meltblown fiber mesh; the meltblown fiber mesh has a porosity of more than 90%, 0.1 to 10 g / m 2 The meltblown fibers have a surface density of 5 to 50 μm, and a diameter of the meltblown fibers is 5 to 50 μm; wherein at least a portion of the surface of the seed has a coating, the coating comprising a first component and a second component, the first component being an adhesive component, the second component being bonded to the surface of the seed through the first component, and the second component forming protrusions on the surface of the coating; Arranging the seeds with the coating on the surface of the meltblown fiber web, and then performing suction to further fix the seeds with the coating on the surface of the meltblown fiber web; The second component is microfibers, the protrusions include the microfiber ends, the microfibers have an aspect ratio of 5 to 50, a length of 10 to 1000 μm, and are lignin fibers or cellulose fibers.

2. The seed rapid planting platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a support layer for supporting the meltblown fiber web, and the support layer is a woven mesh with a pore size of 0.2 to 20 mm.

3. The seed rapid planting platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first component includes one or more colloidal substances selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum, pectin, glutinous rice starch paste and gelatin.

4. The seed rapid planting platform according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first component also includes starch.

5. The seed rapid planting platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The colloid substance accounts for 10% to 30% by weight of the first component, and the starch accounts for 70% to 90% by weight of the first component.

6. The seed rapid planting platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meltblown fiber web is a polylactic acid meltblown fiber web.

7. A method for preparing the seed rapid planting platform according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Treating the surface of the seed to form the coating on at least a portion of the surface of the seed; Adding melt-blown material into the melt-blown device for melt-blown spinning to form a melt-blown fiber web; The seeds having the coating on the surface are arranged on the meltblown fiber web.