A front guide type BTA deep hole cutter with functions of anti-pulling, chip cleaning and rolling

Abstract

The application discloses a front guide type reverse reaming, chip cleaning and rolling composite BTA deep hole cutter and relates to the technical field of deep hole drilling cutters. The cutter body is connected with a drill rod at the tail thereof and is connected with a clamping cap at the head thereof. A center channel is arranged in the cutter body, and a chip inlet is further arranged on the sidewall of the cutter body. A front guide device, a reverse reaming and reaming device, a chip cleaning device and a rolling device are sequentially arranged on the sidewall of the cutter body. The front guide device comprises a plurality of front guide guide strips which are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the cutter body. The reverse reaming and reaming device comprises a plurality of reverse reaming guide strips and reaming drill blades. The chip cleaning device comprises a chip cleaning brush which is used for cleaning the residual chips on the inner hole wall. The rolling device comprises a plurality of rolling balls. The application has the advantages of reverse reaming, front guide, inner chip removal cutter, chip cleaning and rolling strengthening machining and can realize cutter reaming and rolling composite machining and other operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep hole drilling tool technology, and in particular to a front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool. Background Technology

[0002] In the context of green machining, the development of new-generation weapon systems, aerospace, and shipbuilding equipment has placed extremely high demands on the lightweighting and reliability of parts. Based on the promotion of integrated design concepts, the trend towards thinner walls, integrated construction, larger size, and greater complexity in products has become inevitable. This is especially true for weakly rigid, multi-hole, deep-hole structural components, where high precision is required for each hole. This typically necessitates multiple processes such as drilling, reaming, and rolling, requiring frequent changes of tools and fixtures, resulting in low processing efficiency, poor hole wall quality, and difficulty in guaranteeing machining quality. Furthermore, problems such as severe tool wear, difficulty in chip removal, poor stability, poor straightness, and large deformation of weakly rigid parts also exist.

[0003] While existing reverse boring techniques offer high machining quality, they suffer from low tooling efficiency, often requiring pre-drilling of guide holes or the use of guide sleeves and other tooling. This necessitates high machine tool precision and makes it difficult to eliminate internal hole shape errors and surface patterns in a single pass. Therefore, a burnishing process is typically added to improve surface quality. However, current deep hole boring tools mostly use needle-type burnishing heads, which have line contact with the workpiece's inner hole wall, resulting in insignificant burnishing effects. This severely restricts the efficient and precise manufacturing of multi-hole deep hole structures and their application in high-end precision equipment. Furthermore, the lack of a chip removal device to clean debris from the inner hole wall also reduces burnishing quality.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and roller burnishing composite BTA deep hole tool to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. It integrates hole reaming, chip removal, and roller burnishing processes, significantly reducing process time and improving deep hole machining efficiency. Furthermore, a chip removal device is added to the roller burnishing unit to improve the roller burnishing effect and quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] This invention discloses a front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool, comprising a tool body, the tail of which can be used to connect to a drill rod, the head of which can be used to connect to a clamping cap, a central channel in the tool body, one end of which is located at the head of the tool body, and the other end of which is a blind end, and a chip inlet on the side wall of the tool body, which is connected to the central channel;

[0008] The sidewall of the cutter body is provided with a front guide device, a reverse boring and reaming device, a chip removal device and a rolling device in sequence from the tail to the head;

[0009] The front guiding device includes a plurality of front guiding guide strips, which are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the blade body;

[0010] The reverse boring and reaming device includes several reverse boring guide bars and reaming drill bits;

[0011] The debris removal device includes a debris removal brush, which is used to remove debris remaining on the inner wall of the hole.

[0012] The rolling device includes a plurality of rolling balls, all of which are rotatably connected to the side wall of the cutter body, and all of which are able to contact the inner wall of the hole.

[0013] Preferably, the head of the blade is provided with a head thread, and the tail of the blade is provided with a tail thread;

[0014] Both the head thread and the tail thread are four-start rectangular external threads, and the clamping cap is provided with four-start rectangular internal threads.

[0015] Preferably, four front guide grooves are evenly provided on the side wall of the blade body, and a front guide strip is fixed in each front guide groove by a front guide self-locking screw.

[0016] Preferably, the front guide strip is provided with a front guide screw mounting groove, and the front guide screw mounting groove is used to connect the front guide self-locking screw;

[0017] The front guide screw mounting slot has a tail arc surface and a head arc surface on both sides. The tail arc surface is closer to the tail of the blade body than the head arc surface, and the head arc surface is closer to the head of the blade body than the tail arc surface. The tail arc surface is higher than the head arc surface.

[0018] Preferably, the side wall of the cutter body is provided with three reverse boring guide grooves and one blade mounting groove. Each reverse boring guide groove is equipped with a reverse boring guide bar, and each blade mounting groove is equipped with a reaming drill bit. The three reverse boring guide grooves and the blade mounting groove are located on the same axial section of the cutter body.

[0019] Preferably, the reaming drill bit is provided with a main cutting edge and a secondary cutting edge. One end of the main cutting edge is connected to the first end of the secondary cutting edge, and the second end of the secondary cutting edge is connected to a corresponding edge. The corresponding edge should be parallel to the bottom of the groove of the front guide screw mounting groove.

[0020] The two sides of the main cutting edge are the rake face and the flank face, respectively;

[0021] One side of the corresponding cutting edge is provided with a transition cutting edge and a secondary back cutting edge in sequence;

[0022] The rake face is provided with a plurality of rake face microtextures, and the flank face is provided with a plurality of flank face microtextures;

[0023] The microtexture on the front face is an elliptical groove, and the microtexture on the back face is an elliptical annular groove.

[0024] Preferably, the blade body is provided with a brush mounting part, and the brush mounting part is provided with a plurality of brush mounting holes for mounting the cleaning brush;

[0025] The cleaning brush is made of nylon filaments.

[0026] Preferably, a ball bearing bracket is fixed to the blade body by a rolling fastening screw. The ball bearing bracket is provided with multiple ball bearing mounting slots. A ball bearing shaft is fixed in each ball bearing mounting slot, and a rolling ball is rotatably connected to each ball bearing shaft.

[0027] Two elastic retaining rings are installed on the ball bearing shaft, and the two elastic retaining rings are respectively located on both sides of the rolling ball;

[0028] The rolling support includes an inner ring support and an outer ring support. The inner ring support is located inside the outer ring support, and the inner ring support and the outer ring support are positioned by locating pins.

[0029] Preferably, the front guide strip has a bevel structure at both ends, and the reverse boring guide strip has two bevel structures at both ends.

[0030] The outer sides of the front guide bar and the reverse boring guide bar are respectively provided with aluminum titanium nitride coating and chromium aluminum nitride coating;

[0031] Both the front guide strip and the reverse boring guide strip are made of cemented carbide.

[0032] Preferably, the material of the blade body is Toda steel;

[0033] The surface of the blade is subjected to ultrasonic shot peening surface strengthening treatment by an ultrasonic shot peening device.

[0034] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0035] This invention is equipped with a front guiding device, a reverse boring and reaming device, a chip removal device, and a rolling device, thereby possessing the advantages of front guiding function, reverse boring method, internal chip removal tool, chip removal and rolling strengthening processing. It can realize tool reaming and rolling combined processing, greatly reducing the production cost of auxiliary processes, and realizing efficient and precise machining of multi-hole deep hole structures. It is of great significance for the promotion and application of such complex parts.

[0036] Furthermore, the addition of a front guide section made of uniformly distributed cemented carbide material eliminates the need for pre-preparing guide holes or adding guide sleeves, greatly improving processing efficiency and reducing production costs. It also improves the coaxiality of reaming and rolling processes. At the same time, the front guide screw mounting groove in the front guide strip is always parallel to the corresponding edge in the reaming drill bit, ensuring stable drilling into the workpiece and reducing the impact of reaming drill bit vibration on hole accuracy and processing quality.

[0037] Furthermore, the reamer insert is equipped with micro-fabricated rake and flank faces, resulting in excellent self-lubricating properties and reduced friction between the cutting tool and chips. The transition clearance angle structure at the transition face helps protect the edge strength of the secondary cutting edge while improving the finishing effect on the inner hole wall. The use of a longer, carbide-based reverse boring guide increases the contact area between the guide and the inner hole wall, enhancing its supporting and guiding function and improving drilling stability.

[0038] Furthermore, adding a chip removal device (i.e. a chip removal brush) can eliminate debris remaining on the inner hole wall and remove tiny burrs on the inner hole wall, thereby improving the subsequent rolling effect and surface quality.

[0039] Furthermore, a rolling device is added, with rolling balls made of ultra-hard diamond material, which can perform surface rolling strengthening of the inner hole wall, improve the compressive stress and rigidity of the hole wall surface, and greatly improve the surface finish of the inner hole. At the same time, the rolling device is installed together with the cutter body using a machining method of positioning pins and rolling fastening screws, which is simple to operate, easy to disassemble and assemble, and convenient to maintain. At the same time, the specifications of the rolling balls can be changed as needed.

[0040] Furthermore, the tool body is made of Toda steel, which has advantages such as high toughness, good heat resistance, and excellent dimensional stability. It can be directly machined without heat treatment, reducing the cost and risks associated with heat treatment. The connecting parts at both ends of the tool body adopt a double-gauge multi-start rectangular thread, ensuring a reliable connection. Ultrasonic shot peening surface strengthening technology is used to reduce surface crack damage, improve surface roughness, and increase tool fatigue life and power transmission efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tool body in the pre-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reaming drill bit in the pre-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rolling device and the chip removal device in the pre-guided reverse boring, chip removal and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a pre-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] In the diagram: 1-Tool body; 101-Tail thread; 1011-Small notch positioning surface; 1012-Large notch positioning surface; 102-Front guide groove; 103-Reverse boring guide groove; 104-Insert mounting groove; 105-Rolling mounting part; 1051-Screw mounting hole; 106-Head thread; 107-Center channel; 108-Scrap inlet; 109-Conical channel; 2-Front guide device; 201-Front guide bar; 202-Front guide self-locking screw; 3-Reverse boring reaming device; 301-Reverse boring guide bar; 302-Reaming drill insert; 30 21-Main cutting edge; 3022-Rake face; 3023-Flag face; 3024-Flag face microtexture; 3025-Rake face microtexture; 3026-Secondary cutting edge; 3027-Secondary flank face; 3028-Transition face; 3029-Corresponding edge; 4-Chip removal device; 401-Chip removal brush; 402-Brush mounting part; 4021-Brush mounting hole; 5-Rolling device; 501-Rolling ball; 502-Positioning pin; 503-Rolling fastening screw; 504-Ball bearing shaft; 505-Ball bearing bracket; 506-Elastic retaining ring; 6-Clamping cap. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The purpose of this invention is to provide a front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and roller burnishing composite BTA deep hole tool to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. It integrates hole reaming, chip removal, and roller burnishing processes, significantly reducing process time and improving deep hole machining efficiency. Furthermore, a chip removal device is added to the roller burnishing unit to improve the roller burnishing effect and quality.

[0050] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool, including a tool body 1. The specific structure of the tool body 1 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it is composed of multiple cylindrical sections. The tail of the cutter body 1 (i.e., Figure 1 or Figure 2 The right end of the cutter body 1 can be used to connect to the drill pipe. The high-speed rotation of the drill pipe drives the cutter body 1 to rotate and feed. The head of the cutter body 1 can be used to connect to the clamping cap 6, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the rolling device 5 and the chip removal device 4. The cutter body 1 has a central channel 107. One end of the central channel 107 is located at the head of the cutter body 1. It can be understood that the head of the cutter body 1 and the clamping cap 6 are hollow structures. The other end of the central channel 107 is a blind end, which is located at the center of the cutter body 1. The side wall of the cutter body 1 also has a chip inlet 108, which is connected to the central channel 107.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, a trumpet-shaped conical channel 109 is formed at one end of the cutter body 1 near the chip inlet 108. The chip inlet 108 can be understood as the larger end of the conical channel 109. The chip inlet 108 should be enlarged as much as possible, taking into account factors such as the cross-sectional shape, the size of the milling cutter, and the machining position. In addition, a guide groove can be added near the chip inlet 108 to facilitate the discharge of chips along with the cooling oil through the chip inlet 108 and the central channel 107.

[0053] On the side wall of blade 1 from the tail to the head (i.e. Figure 1 From right to left, the device is provided with a front guide device 2, a reverse boring and enlarging device 3, a chip removal device 4, and a rolling device 5.

[0054] The front guide device 2 includes several front guide bars 201, which are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the blade body 1.

[0055] The reverse boring and reaming device 3 includes several reverse boring guide bars 301 and reaming drill bits 302. The reverse boring guide bars 301 and reaming drill bits 302 are disposed on the outer wall of the tool body 1 to achieve the technical effect of reverse boring and reaming.

[0056] The cleaning device 4 includes a cleaning brush 401, which is used to remove debris remaining on the inner wall of the hole.

[0057] The rolling device 5 includes several rolling balls 501, which are made of diamond. The rolling balls 501 are rotatably connected to the side wall of the cutter body 1. The rolling balls 501 can contact the inner hole wall and roll the inner hole wall.

[0058] In practical use, Figure 1 The direction is explained as follows: the pull rod at the right end (not shown in the figure) will drive the cutter body 1 to rotate and move to the right. The rotation of the cutter body 1 will drive the front guide device 2, the reverse boring and reaming device 3, the chip removal device 4, and the rolling device 5 to rotate synchronously. The cutter body 1 will move from the left end to the right end of the inner hole wall. The front guide bar 201 in the front guide device 2 allows the cutter body 1 to smoothly enter the inner hole wall, while the reverse boring and reaming device 3 will perform reverse boring and reaming on the left end of the inner hole wall. Subsequently, the chip removal device 4 will clean the debris, and finally the rolling device 5 will roll the inner hole wall to keep the inner hole wall flat.

[0059] In this embodiment, the head of the cutter body 1 is provided with a head thread 106, and the tail of the cutter body 1 is provided with a tail thread 101. Naturally, the clamping cap 6 and the drill rod are respectively provided with corresponding threads, so as to install or remove the corresponding size of the rolling device 5 (mainly the rolling ball 501) according to the size of the workpiece being processed.

[0060] Both the head thread 106 and the tail thread 101 are four-start (also called four-thread) rectangular external threads, and the clamping cap 6 is provided with a corresponding four-start rectangular internal thread, where four starts can be understood as a total of four turns of thread.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, taking the tail thread 101 as an example, the tail thread 101 is installed on the tool body 1 using a double-gauge thread. The double gauge refers to the small gauge positioning surface 1011 and the large gauge positioning surface 1012 located at both ends of the tail thread 101, respectively. The small gauge positioning surface 1011 is closer to the tail of the tool body 1 than the large gauge positioning surface 1012. The small gauge positioning surface 1011 has the same root diameter (i.e., minor diameter) as the tail thread 101, and the large gauge positioning surface 1012 has the same tooth diameter (i.e., major diameter) as the tail thread 101.

[0062] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, the clamping cap 6 is also provided with 6 evenly distributed wrench clamping flats, which are six small planes, and their function is to facilitate the clamping and rotation of the wrench.

[0063] In this embodiment, four front guide grooves 102 are evenly provided on the side wall of the blade body 1. A front guide strip 201 is fixed in each front guide groove 102 by a front guide self-locking screw 202. Of course, those skilled in the art can adjust the specific number and distribution position of the front guide grooves 102 and the front guide strips 201 according to actual needs.

[0064] In this embodiment, the front guide bar 201 is provided with a front guide screw mounting groove, which is a rectangular groove. The front guide screw mounting groove is used to connect the front guide self-locking screw 202. The front guide self-locking screw 202 can pass through the front guide screw mounting groove and finally be fixed at the corresponding threaded hole of the cutter body 1.

[0065] The front guide screw mounting slot has a tail arc surface and a head arc surface on both sides. The tail arc surface is closer to the tail of the cutter body 1 than the head arc surface, and the head arc surface is closer to the head of the cutter body 1 than the tail arc surface.

[0066] It is important to note that the tail arc surface is higher than the head arc surface. When manufacturing the front guide strip 201, the tail and head arc surfaces are at the same height. The key detail is that the bottom of the front guide groove 102 is inclined, which means that the installed front guide strip 201 is also in an inclined state, with the tail arc surface higher than the head arc surface. This design aims to prevent excessive wear when the front guide device 2 contacts the inner wall. To avoid this problem, a line contact is preferred. Because the tail arc surface is higher than the head arc surface, when the front guide device 2 contacts the inner wall to perform its guiding function, only the tail arc surface makes line contact with the inner wall, without surface contact. This effectively reduces wear on the front guide strip 201.

[0067] In this embodiment, the sidewall of the cutter body 1 is provided with three reverse boring guide grooves 103 and one blade mounting groove 104. Each reverse boring guide groove 103 is equipped with a reverse boring guide bar 301, and each blade mounting groove 104 is equipped with a reaming drill bit 302. Therefore, there are a total of three reverse boring guide bars 301 and one reaming drill bit 302. The three reverse boring guide grooves 103 and one blade mounting groove 104 are located on the same axial section of the cutter body 1. It can be understood that the three reverse boring guide grooves 103 and one blade mounting groove 104 are circumferentially distributed on the sidewall of the cutter body 1.

[0068] Furthermore, with Figure 1 Taking the direction as an example, looking from right to left along the axial direction of the tool body 1, starting from the reaming drill bit 302 and counting counterclockwise, the circumferential angle between the first reverse boring guide bar 301 (i.e., the reverse boring guide bar 301 below the reaming drill bit 302 in the figure) and the reaming drill bit 302 is 83°~88°, the circumferential angle between the second reverse boring guide bar 301 and the reaming drill bit 302 is 180°~185°, and the circumferential angle between the third reverse boring guide bar 301 (i.e., the reverse boring guide bar 301 above the reaming drill bit 302 in the figure) and the reaming drill bit 302 is 277°~282°. Setting three reverse boring guide bars 301 can effectively increase the contact area between the reverse boring guide bar 301 and the inner hole wall, improving the supporting, guiding, extrusion, and vibration damping effects of the reverse boring guide bar 301. Furthermore, the first and third reverse boring guide bars 301 are arranged opposite each other, which reduces the usage burden on the first reverse boring guide bar 301 and extends its service life. It can also solve the problems of poor rigidity and poor drilling stability in the drilling system during reverse boring, and improve drilling stability.

[0069] In this embodiment, the reamer insert 302 is provided with a main cutting edge 3021 and a secondary cutting edge 3026. One end of the main cutting edge 3021 is connected to the first end of the secondary cutting edge 3026, and the second end of the secondary cutting edge 3026 is connected to a corresponding edge 3029. The corresponding edge 3029 should be parallel to the bottom of the guide screw mounting groove. The purpose of this arrangement is to ensure that the tool body 1 is stably drilled into the inner wall of the workpiece and to reduce the impact of the vibration of the reamer insert 302 on the hole accuracy and machining quality.

[0070] The main cutting edge 3021 has a rake face 3022 and a flank face 3023 on either side. A transition face 3028 and a secondary flank face 3027 are sequentially provided on one side of the corresponding cutting edge 3029. It should be noted that the transition face 3028 and the secondary flank face 3027 form a double transition clearance angle structure. This means that the transition face 3028 has a 2°~5° transition secondary clearance angle within 0.3~1.2mm vertically near the secondary cutting edge 3026, while the secondary flank face 3027 has a 15°~20° secondary clearance angle vertically. For difficult-to-machine materials, a larger value can be used for the secondary clearance angle. The transition face 3028 is set to be wider on the left and narrower on the right (as shown in the diagram). Figure 3 The gradient cutting edge (based on the direction) improves the edge strength of the secondary cutting edge 3026, reduces the risk of large-area fracture, and increases the service life of the reamer drill bit 302.

[0071] The front face 3022 is provided with a number of front face micro-textures 3025, and the rear face 3023 is provided with a number of rear face micro-textures 3024. The multiple front face micro-textures 3025 and rear face micro-textures 3024 are distributed in an array.

[0072] The microtexture 3025 on the rake face is an elliptical groove, and the microtexture 3024 on the flank face is an elliptical annular groove. Their function is to increase the storage of cooling oil, form a lubricating film, and reduce the wear of the reamer insert 302.

[0073] The distances between the rake face microtexture 3025 and the flank face microtexture 3024 and the main cutting edge 3021 are 0.02~0.1mm. This is to slow down the flow rate of the cooling oil, increase the amount of cooling oil stored, lower the temperature in the drilling zone, and effectively reduce adhesive wear damage to the main cutting edge 3021. The outer dimensions of the flank face microtexture 3024 with the elliptical annular groove are larger than those of the rake face microtexture 3025 with the elliptical groove, to ensure that the flow velocity of the cooling oil on the flank face 3023 is lower than that on the rake face 3022. This improves the cooling effect of the flank face 3023 and reduces the burning phenomenon on the flank face 3023.

[0074] In this embodiment, the blade body 1 is provided with a brush mounting part 402, and the brush mounting part 402 is provided with a plurality of brush mounting holes 4021, which are used to install the cleaning brush 401.

[0075] Among them, the cleaning brush 401 is made of nylon filaments, which has the advantages of high tensile strength, good wear resistance, good acid and alkali resistance, and good elasticity.

[0076] In this embodiment, as Figure 4As shown, the cutter body 1 is provided with a rolling mounting part 105, and the rolling mounting part 105 is provided with a screw mounting hole 1051. The screw mounting hole 1051 on the rolling mounting part 105 is fixed with a ball bearing bracket 505 by a rolling fastening screw 503. The ball bearing bracket 505 is provided with multiple ball bearing mounting slots. A ball bearing shaft 504 is fixed in each ball bearing mounting slot. The ball bearing shaft 504 itself does not rotate. A rolling ball 501 is rotatably connected to each ball bearing shaft 504. The rolling ball 501 can rotate relative to the ball bearing shaft 504.

[0077] Two elastic retaining rings 506 are installed on the ball bearing shaft 504. The two elastic retaining rings 506 are located on the left and right sides of the rolling ball 501, respectively. The elastic retaining rings 506 limit the rolling ball 501 and prevent it from moving along the axial direction of the ball bearing shaft 504. Furthermore, since the ball bearing bracket 505 has a corresponding groove for the ball bearing shaft 504, it can radially limit the ball bearing shaft 504, which further radially limits the rolling ball 501.

[0078] The rolling support includes an inner ring support and an outer ring support. The inner ring support is located inside the outer ring support. The locating pins 502 can pass through the corresponding through holes of the inner ring support and the outer ring support in sequence, and the inner ring support and the outer ring support are positioned by the locating pins 502. Further explanation is that the ball mounting groove is formed after the inner ring support and the outer ring support are fixed, and the inner ring support and the outer ring support themselves have part of the ball mounting groove structure.

[0079] During the machining process, the rolling balls 501 are always kept in a state of rolling friction with the machined inner hole wall, achieving rotation of their own axis while rotating with the tool body 1. The size and number of the rolling balls 501 evenly distributed around the circumference of the ball bearing bracket 505 can be adjusted and replaced according to the change of the diameter of the tool body 1. After installation, the outer diameter of the rolling balls 501 should be 0.02~0.05mm larger than the diameter of the reaming drill bit 302 after installation, in order to ensure a good rolling effect.

[0080] In this embodiment, the front guide bar 201 has a bevel structure at both ends, and the reverse boring guide bar 301 has two bevel structures at both ends. The bevel structure of the front guide bar 201 has a 100 / 0.2mm tapered inverted cone, which guides the tool body 1. In actual use, if the higher end of the reverse boring guide bar 301 wears, the reverse boring fixing screw can be removed, the guide bar 301 can be rotated 180°, and then fixed back in place with the reverse boring fixing screw. The purpose of the double bevel structure is to ensure that it can still effectively penetrate the inner wall of the workpiece after the positions are interchanged. Therefore, the two bevel structures at one end of the reverse boring guide bar 301 are different: the bevel angle on the outer side is greater than that on the inner side, and the bevel width on the outer side is smaller than that on the inner side.

[0081] Furthermore, the reverse boring guide bar 301 and the reaming drill bit 302 are respectively adjusted within 0.003mm in diameter by the reverse boring fixing screw and the bit fixing screw.

[0082] The front guide bar 201 and the reverse boring guide bar 301 are respectively provided with aluminum titanium nitride coating and chromium aluminum nitride coating on their outer sides, that is, the aluminum titanium nitride coating is located on the inner side of the chromium aluminum nitride coating, so as to improve the high temperature resistance and wear resistance of the front guide bar 201 and the reverse boring guide bar 301.

[0083] Both the front guide bar 201 and the reverse boring guide bar 301 are made of cemented carbide, preferably K20 cemented carbide.

[0084] In this embodiment, the blade body 1 is made of Toda steel, which has advantages such as high toughness and high heat resistance, and does not require heat treatment.

[0085] The surface of the tool body 1 is subjected to ultrasonic shot peening surface strengthening treatment using an ultrasonic shot peening device. This reduces surface crack damage, improves the microhardness, residual compressive stress, and resistance to plastic deformation of the tool body 1, and increases the fatigue life of the tool. The main process parameters used in the ultrasonic shot peening surface modification technology are: pulse energy of 70~80mJ, wavelength of 350~400nm, pulse width of 7~10ns, processing frequency of 40~60Hz, shot peening power of 60~80%, impact pin diameter of 3~8mm, and feed rate of 600~800mm / min. This enhances the shot peening strengthening effect, enabling the microhardness of the tool surface to reach HRC60~65 or higher, thereby improving the fatigue life of the tool.

[0086] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool, characterized in that: The tool includes a cutter body, the tail of which can be used to connect to a drill rod, the head of which can be used to connect to a clamping cap, a central channel in which one end of the central channel is located at the head of the tool and the other end of the central channel is a blind end, and a chip inlet is also provided on the side wall of the tool, the chip inlet being connected to the central channel; The sidewall of the cutter body is provided with a front guide device, a reverse boring and reaming device, a chip removal device and a rolling device in sequence from the tail to the head; The front guiding device includes a plurality of front guiding guide strips, which are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the blade body; The reverse boring and reaming device includes several reverse boring guide bars and reaming drill bits; The debris removal device includes a debris removal brush, which is used to remove debris remaining on the inner wall of the hole. The rolling device includes a plurality of rolling balls, all of which are rotatably connected to the side wall of the blade body, and all of which are able to contact the inner wall of the hole. The sidewall of the blade body is evenly provided with four front guide grooves, and a front guide strip is fixed in each front guide groove by a front guide self-locking screw; the front guide strip is provided with a front guide screw mounting groove, which is used to connect the front guide self-locking screw; the two sides of the front guide screw mounting groove are respectively provided with a tail arc surface and a head arc surface, the tail arc surface is closer to the tail of the blade body than the head arc surface, and the head arc surface is closer to the head of the blade body than the tail arc surface; the bottom of the front guide groove is inclined, and the tail arc surface is higher than the head arc surface; The reaming drill bit is provided with a main cutting edge and a secondary cutting edge. One end of the main cutting edge is connected to the first end of the secondary cutting edge, and the second end of the secondary cutting edge is connected to a corresponding edge, which is parallel to the bottom of the guide screw mounting groove. The two sides of the main cutting edge are a rake face and a flank face, respectively. One side of the corresponding edge is provided with a transition face and a secondary flank face in sequence. The rake face is provided with a plurality of rake face micro-textures, and the flank face is provided with a plurality of flank face micro-textures. The rake face micro-texture is an elliptical groove, and the flank face micro-texture is an elliptical annular groove. The outer dimensions of the flank face micro-texture are larger than those of the rake face micro-texture.

2. The front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the blade is provided with a head thread, and the tail of the blade is provided with a tail thread; Both the head thread and the tail thread are four-start rectangular external threads, and the clamping cap is provided with four-start rectangular internal threads.

3. The front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the cutter body is provided with three reverse boring guide grooves and one blade mounting groove. Each reverse boring guide groove is equipped with a reverse boring guide bar, and each blade mounting groove is equipped with a reaming drill bit. The three reverse boring guide grooves and the blade mounting groove are located on the same axial section of the cutter body.

4. The front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade body is provided with a brush mounting part, and the brush mounting part is provided with a plurality of brush mounting holes, which are used to install the cleaning brush. The cleaning brush is made of nylon filaments.

5. The front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ball bearing bracket is fixed to the blade body by a rolling fastening screw. The ball bearing bracket is provided with multiple ball bearing mounting slots. A ball bearing shaft is fixed in each ball bearing mounting slot, and a rolling ball is rotatably connected to each ball bearing shaft. Two elastic retaining rings are installed on the ball bearing shaft, and the two elastic retaining rings are respectively located on both sides of the rolling ball; The rolling support includes an inner ring support and an outer ring support. The inner ring support is located inside the outer ring support, and the inner ring support and the outer ring support are positioned by locating pins.

6. The front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front guide strip has a layer of bevel structure at both ends, and the reverse boring guide strip has two layers of bevel structure at both ends. The outer sides of the front guide bar and the reverse boring guide bar are respectively provided with aluminum titanium nitride coating and chromium aluminum nitride coating; Both the front guide strip and the reverse boring guide strip are made of cemented carbide.

7. The front-guided reverse boring, chip removal, and rolling composite BTA deep hole tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade body is made of Topda steel; The surface of the blade is subjected to ultrasonic shot peening surface strengthening treatment by an ultrasonic shot peening device.

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