Plug-in charging and discharging device for automobile and charging and discharging management method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a plug-in type charging and discharging equipment for automobile and a charging and discharging management method thereof. The equipment comprises a conductive circuit, a vehicle plug and a power plug which are respectively arranged at two ends of the conductive circuit, and a split socket which is detachably connected with the power plug. The vehicle plug is connected with a vehicle socket of the automobile, the power plug is connected with the split socket during discharging and connected with an external power supply during charging, and the split socket is provided with at least one socket which is connected with the power plug. The charging and discharging equipment further comprises a switching module and a detection circuit which is used for controlling the on-off of the conductive circuit. The detection circuit comprises a charging detection branch and a discharging detection branch, and the branches in the switching circuit are switched by a feedback signal of the switching module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new energy vehicle charging and discharging technology, specifically relating to a plug-in charging and discharging device for automobiles and its charging and discharging management method. Background Technology

[0002] New energy vehicles refer to automobiles that use unconventional vehicle fuels as their power source (or use conventional vehicle fuels with new onboard power devices), integrating advanced technologies in vehicle power control and drive, resulting in vehicles with advanced technical principles and new technologies and structures. New energy vehicles include pure electric vehicles, range-extended electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, and hydrogen engine vehicles. The current concept of new energy vehicles can be broadly defined as those that convert various forms of energy into electrical energy, using their own batteries to drive an electric motor for vehicle propulsion, while also providing a certain voltage of power to external systems through large-capacity batteries. Many new energy vehicles can not only supply power to external systems but also be charged independently, functioning as pure electric vehicles; the difference lies in the pure electric driving range corresponding to the battery capacity.

[0003] For most existing new energy vehicles, to meet their pure electric requirements, separate charging equipment is provided so that users can use them as pure electric vehicles solely by charging when other energy sources are inconvenient. These new energy vehicles with charging and discharging functions share a common interface for both charging and discharging; that is, the same vehicle socket can be used for both. However, current technology uses two separate sets of equipment for charging and discharging, requiring separate use. In particular, manufacturers typically only equip the vehicle with charging equipment, while the discharging equipment must be purchased separately by the user. Placing two separate sets of equipment in the vehicle increases space usage and adds extra operating costs for the user.

[0004] Existing technologies offer solutions to the inconvenience of carrying two sets of equipment. One approach is to use a single cable with a detachable connection structure, allowing connection to different modules (plugs or sockets), thus enabling both discharging and charging from the same cable. However, when using a detachable structure for vehicle charging cables, considerations must be given not only to connection stability but also to electrical connection stability and safety. Setting up a separate detachable cable is costly, and replacing it requires carrying different connectors to achieve different functions, thus not completely solving the aforementioned problems. Existing technologies also employ a single connector but with two replaceable cables. This solution is similarly costly and requires carrying multiple pieces of equipment, making it inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a pluggable charging and discharging device for automobiles and its charging and discharging management method. By adopting a conventional power plug and a special split socket for detachable connection, the device utilizes the existing socket power plug connection structure to achieve detachable connection, and at the same time, it enables convenient adjustment of charging and discharging through circuit settings.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pluggable charging and discharging device for automobiles, including a conductive circuit, a vehicle plug and a power plug respectively provided at both ends of the conductive circuit, and a separate socket detachably connected to the power plug; the vehicle plug is connected to the vehicle socket of the vehicle, the power plug is connected to the separate socket when discharging and connected to an external power source when charging, and the separate socket has at least one socket for connecting to the power plug.

[0008] The charging and discharging equipment also includes a switching module and a detection circuit for controlling the on / off state of the conductive circuit. The detection circuit includes a charging detection branch and a discharging detection branch. The switching module feeds back a signal to switch the branch in the switching circuit. An externally input detection current is detected and confirmed by the charging detection branch or the discharging detection branch, and then the on / off state of the conductive circuit is controlled.

[0009] It should be noted that the so-called conductive circuit refers to a physical conductive line, including a current channel carried by a cable or other fixed conductor. When connecting the vehicle socket and external electrical equipment, it serves as a discharge line, and when connecting the vehicle socket and an external power source, it serves as a charging line. That is, unlike the prior art which uses two independent lines for charging and discharging respectively, this invention uses only one common line, and the current direction is different when different processes are carried out.

[0010] The term "plug" refers to a socket that has at least one structure for connecting to a power plug, while also having other plugs for connecting external electrical devices. These plugs for connecting to the power plug include two types: dedicated plugs for connecting only the power plug, where other external electrical devices cannot be inserted or will not make a conductive connection. Similarly, in this invention, the power plug specifically refers to a connector located at one end of the conductive line, meaning it can be directly connected to an external ordinary socket for identification and charging, or it can be inserted into the corresponding plug on a split-type socket to supply power to the split-type socket.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, the present invention provides a first embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the conductive circuit, the vehicle plug and the power plug are integrated into a conductive structure, and the charging detection branch is disposed within the integrated conductive structure.

[0012] In conjunction with the first embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides a second embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the discharge detection branch is disposed within an integrated conductive structure.

[0013] It should be noted that, due to the split-type design, during discharge certification, the discharge detection branch can be set up in any part other than the split socket. Simply connect the vehicle plug to the vehicle and switch the discharge process to complete the discharge certification test. However, because there is no separate split socket connected, the power plug is not energized; discharge can only be performed by connecting the discharge socket to the power plug. (It is recommended that this section not be modified. This section is only used to illustrate the principle under the ambiguous description in the claims. If specific structural references are included here, ambiguity may arise.)

[0014] In conjunction with the first embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides a third embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the discharge detection branch includes two parts disposed in an integrated conductive structure and a separate socket, and the discharge detection branch forms a complete circuit when the separate socket is connected to the power plug;

[0015] The power plug is equipped with a triggering mechanism. The discharge identification circuit includes at least one identification resistor and a trigger switch. When the power plug is connected to the socket of the split socket, it is triggered by the triggering mechanism and the trigger switch respectively.

[0016] It should be noted that this section describes the setup of the discharge detection branch. Specifically, it includes an identification resistor and a switch. The trigger switch is a paired structure located at the junction of the split socket and the power plug. The discharge detection branch is only connected when both are linked. Discharge authentication testing is only completed when the corresponding identification resistor is detected. However, the location of the identification resistor is not limited. For example, there could be only one identification resistor, which could be located within the integrated conductive structure—either within the vehicle plug or the transmission cable—or within the split socket, where the integrated conductive structure only contains conductive lines. Alternatively, identification resistors could be located on both parts; only when the correct split socket is connected can the two identification resistors be connected in series to form the corresponding resistance value for identification.

[0017] The identification resistor, as a fixed structure, works in conjunction with a set detection threshold within the charge / discharge control device. Due to the presence of the identification resistor, the input detection current undergoes a change in voltage or current after passing through it, and the resulting change corresponds to the set detection threshold, thus completing the identification and confirmation. Similarly, other circuit structures can be designed, such as diodes, inductors, and capacitors; within this range, it is sufficient to include a fixed-state component in the discharge identification circuit.

[0018] Meanwhile, the triggering mechanism is a physical structure that uses mechanical contact or magnetic non-contact methods to cause a change in the state of the electronic components in the discharge identification circuit. This change in state refers to the feedback signal generated by the current or voltage change in the discharge identification circuit due to structural alterations or other changes. The triggering mechanism can also employ a conductive structure to provide an electrical signal to the split socket, causing a change in the state of the electronic components in its internal discharge identification circuit, or it can be directly connected to the discharge identification circuit to provide a detection current for identification.

[0019] There are multiple ways to link and identify, which are mainly used to define the relationship between the two. That is, after the power plug and the foolproof socket of the split socket are stably connected, the discharge detection branch can confirm that the corresponding split socket has been connected, so as to proceed to the next step of authentication until the process is completed and the power supply split socket discharges to the outside.

[0020] Meanwhile, the discharge detection branch within the split socket requires an external electrical signal (primarily from another part of the integrated conductive structure) before feeding the signal back to the vehicle (feedback refers to forming a complete loop, and the detection point can be set at any location in the circuit). Since the power plug itself can connect to both the split socket and the external power outlet and has a conductive structure, a separate signal feedback structure is not necessary. It can directly connect to the conductive structure within the socket through its own conductive structure. Initially, the vehicle does not supply 220V; instead, it supplies a small detection current to the discharge detection branch. This current passes through the discharge detection branch partially housed in the integrated conductive structure, then enters the split socket through the power plug. After passing through the discharge detection circuit within the split socket, it flows into the ground wire, forming a loop. The vehicle then confirms the rated resistance value on this discharge detection branch to complete the discharge detection.

[0021] In conjunction with the second embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fourth embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the power plug is provided with an independent detection conductor, and when the power plug is connected to the socket, the detection conductor is connected to the discharge identification circuit in the split socket for power supply.

[0022] It should be noted that for the scheme where the discharge detection branch is only set in the integrated conductive structure, discharge can only be performed when the integrated conductive structure is connected to a separate socket with a corresponding conductor. Furthermore, an additional switch can be set on the discharge detection branch. This switch can only be turned on after the corresponding separate socket is connected, so that the discharge detection branch can form a path for discharge identification.

[0023] In conjunction with the first embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fifth embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the integrated conductive structure further comprises a charge-discharge control device that simultaneously connects a charging detection branch and a discharging detection branch, the charge-discharge control device having a control power supply line connected to a conductive circuit, and a high-voltage switch controlled by the charge-discharge control device being provided on the conductive circuit, the control power supply line having an access line connected to the conductive circuit between the high-voltage switch and the vehicle socket;

[0024] The discharge detection branch includes a first discharge section installed within the integrated conductive structure and working in conjunction with the switching module to perform pre-discharge detection, and a second discharge section installed within the discharge socket.

[0025] After the first discharge section receives the detection current from the vehicle plug and completes the detection, the conductive circuit is energized. The charging and discharging control device receives the current from the first access line and connects to the split socket through the second discharge section to complete the detection. Then, it connects the vehicle plug and the split socket through the high-voltage switch.

[0026] It should be noted that this part introduces a charging and discharging control device, which can simultaneously control the charging and discharging process, meet the discharge certification requirements of the split socket, and avoid the problem of the power plug being energized separately after a part of the discharge detection branch is set in the integrated conductive structure to complete the detection.

[0027] In conjunction with the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides a sixth embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the charge-discharge detection branch includes a first charging section and a second charging section, and the first charging section cooperates with the switching module to complete the pre-charging detection;

[0028] The second charging section is connected to the charging and discharging control device at one end and to the vehicle via a vehicle plug for signal feedback at the other end.

[0029] The control power supply line also has an access line two connected between the forced switch of the conductive circuit and the power plug. Both the access line one and the access line two are equipped with a switch controlled by the charging and discharging control device and in a normally closed state.

[0030] The charging and discharging control device controls the switch on the other access line to open after the current is connected through any access line, and closes the high-voltage switch after the detection is completed in the second charging section.

[0031] It should be noted that the charge / discharge control device is mainly used as part of the charging detection branch during the charging process to implement corresponding control and detection procedures. Corresponding to the charge / discharge control device is the high-voltage switch installed on the conductive circuit. Access line one and access line two are two lines set up to draw power from an external power source during the charging process, since the vehicle does not discharge externally. Both lines have normally closed switches. Because the high-voltage switch is normally open, power can only be drawn from one line at a time, whether during charging or discharging, before the detection is completed.

[0032] Once the power supply current is connected, the charging and discharging control device has a control mechanism that immediately disconnects the switch of the line that is not connected to the current, so as to avoid both sets of lines being connected to the current after the high-voltage switch is closed, which would affect the stability.

[0033] In conjunction with the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, the present invention provides a seventh embodiment of the first aspect, which further includes a converter that is pluggably connected to a power plug, the converter having an identification module therein, and the charging and discharging control device identifying the specifications of the converter by connecting the power plug to the corresponding identification module.

[0034] It should be noted that, since the power plug needs to connect to both the split socket and the adapter, a specific structure or mechanism is required to facilitate the identification process. This allows the vehicle's or the device's charging / discharging control device to obtain corresponding feedback information to confirm the current connection of the power plug when the two structures are connected. In addition to connecting to an external socket, when connecting to the split socket of this invention, the same identification circuit can be set within the integrated conductive structure, meaning the charging / discharging control device can identify the connected adapter or split socket accordingly.

[0035] Different detection structures can also be set up separately. Since the split socket itself is relatively large and has different functions, it has more connection identification requirements within the entire charging and discharging equipment. Therefore, a separate identification circuit (i.e., combined with the discharge detection circuit) can be set up for the split socket, while the smaller adapter can be set up using a mechanical trigger identification method, such as a probe or plug-in module. When the power plug and adapter are connected, the two sides of the structure contact and abut against each other, causing a change in the state of the adapter identification module inside the power plug, thereby generating a signal feedback indicating that the power plug and adapter are connected. Alternatively, different charging identification modules can be set up to facilitate the equipment or vehicle in confirming the connected adapter model, including but not limited to 10A, 16A, and 32A adapter models.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect or several embodiments of the first aspect, the present invention provides an eighth embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the switching module is a switching switch disposed on the detection circuit for switching between the charging detection branch and the discharging detection branch.

[0037] Secondly, the present invention provides a charging and discharging management method, which uses the above-mentioned automotive plug-in charging and discharging device, specifically as follows:

[0038] During the charging process, the vehicle plug is connected to the vehicle socket, and the power plug is plugged into the external socket. The charging detection branch is switched by operating the switching module. The vehicle then performs charging authentication detection according to the switched charging detection branch. After confirmation, the vehicle connects to the conductive circuit to supply power to the vehicle from the external power source.

[0039] During the discharge process, the vehicle plug is connected to the vehicle socket, and the power plug is inserted into the socket of the split socket. The discharge detection branch of the operation module is switched, and then the vehicle performs discharge authentication detection according to the switched discharge detection branch. After confirmation, the vehicle connects the conductive circuit and supplies power to the split socket.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0041] (1) The present invention switches different detection branches through a switching module, thereby enabling the conversion control of charging and discharging in a plug-in structure, while realizing corresponding identification of the connected split sockets, avoiding accidents caused by incorrect plugging and charging / discharging identification errors, and achieving a relatively simple switching detection method without changing the existing charging / discharging identification standards.

[0042] (2) The present invention provides an identification conductor at the power plug, which facilitates the identification of the connected object after the charging and discharging control device or vehicle is connected. That is, through a double insurance approach, the switching module and the identification circuit are used for double confirmation, which further improves the safety.

[0043] (3) The present invention can meet the connection requirements of different charging currents through the provided conversion head structure, and control the current by adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal after detection by the charging and discharging control device, so that different new energy vehicles can actively adapt to the current. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cable portion in the first control logic circuit diagram of the pluggable charging and discharging device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the split socket portion in the first control logic circuit diagram of the pluggable charging and discharging device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cable portion in the second control logic circuit diagram of the pluggable charging and discharging device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the split socket portion in the second control logic circuit diagram of the pluggable charging and discharging device of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the plug-in charging and discharging device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] In the picture:

[0050] 1-Vehicle plug, 2-Control box, 3-Power plug, 4-Split socket, 5-Button, 6-Footproof socket. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0053] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0055] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationships commonly used when the product is in use. These terms are used solely for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in the description of this application is only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0056] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" in the description of this application does not imply that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it may be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it may be slightly tilted.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0058] Example 1:

[0059] This embodiment discloses a pluggable charging and discharging device for automobiles. Based on the existing charging gun and discharging gun for connecting new energy vehicles, it is integrated and optimized. Unlike the existing pluggable and replaceable connector structure, it adopts a conventional plug structure to connect to a special split socket 4.

[0060] It should be noted that the vehicles involved in this embodiment all have a bidirectional on-board charger (OBC) and a vehicle control device. The OBC is used for power supply and charging, and the vehicle control device is used for identification and detection, as well as controlling the connection and disconnection of the OBC with the external circuit. At the same time, there is a K1 and K2 switch on the vehicle side, which is controlled by the vehicle control device. After the charging and discharging detection process is completed, the vehicle control device can control K1 and K2 to close so that the vehicle discharges to the conductive circuit.

[0061] It should also be noted that the current information detection described in this embodiment includes multiple methods. It refers to the detection of a detection current input to a certain circuit, and the confirmation of changes in the current value, voltage value or other parameters in the input detection current caused by the circuit, which is an electrical signal feedback mechanism.

[0062] Specifically, the charging and discharging device includes a conductive circuit with a vehicle plug 1 and a power plug 3 at its two ends. The power plug 3 is detachably connected to a split socket 4. The vehicle plug 1 connects to the vehicle's socket, and the power plug 3 connects to the split socket 4 during discharging and to an external power source during charging. The split socket 4 has at least one socket that connects to the power plug 3. The vehicle plug 1 connects to the vehicle's socket, and the power plug 3 can connect to an external circuit. In this embodiment, a conventional 16A three-prong structure is used (not limited to the 16A power plug 3 specification, but only for illustrative purposes), and it can also connect to the split socket 4 for power supply.

[0063] The conductive structure is composed of a conductive circuit, a vehicle plug 1, and a power plug 3. The integrated conductive structure also has a detection circuit and a switching module. The detection circuit includes a charging detection branch and a discharging detection branch. The switching module provides feedback signals to switch the branches within the switching circuit.

[0064] The conductive circuit and the detection circuit are both housed within the same integrated conductive structure. This integrated conductive structure serves as the main structure and contains conductors that act as the carriers for the conductive circuit and the detection circuit.

[0065] The integrated conductive structure comes in various types. It can be made of rigid rod structure, with external insulation material for isolation, and internal soft or rigid battery cells to form the conductive circuit connecting the vehicle and the socket.

[0066] In this embodiment, a cable similar to that in existing technologies is used as the main body of the transmission structure. It is a single cable containing a conductive circuit and a switching circuit. The conductive circuit is a main three-core series circuit, including a neutral wire, a live wire, and a ground wire, used to connect the OBC as the main charging and discharging lines. The switching circuit is a switchable detection circuit, i.e., a conventional CC and CP cable. A switching module allows for the selection and conduction of its two branches: the charging detection line and the discharging detection line. When the vehicle plug 1 and power plug 3 are connected to their respective power sources, the corresponding power source first provides the detection current. After verification, the corresponding power source then transmits the current directionally through the conductive circuit.

[0067] Existing charging and discharging devices require interaction and identification with the vehicle after connection before the vehicle confirms the charging / discharging process. The current standard identification process involves providing a detection current from the vehicle or an external power source. This current passes through resistors of varying resistance values, and the vehicle identifies the current signal, verifying it step-by-step according to the standard to complete authentication.

[0068] This embodiment also discloses a charging and discharging management method for the pluggable charging and discharging device, which includes a charging process and a discharging process.

[0069] The charging process includes two steps: initial identification and mid-process inspection. Initial identification begins after vehicle plug 1 and power plug 3 are connected to their respective structures. The user operates the switching module to switch to the charging process, and the internal switching circuit switches to the charging detection branch. After the vehicle confirms through the switching module that it is in the charging process, it proceeds to the next detection step. At this time, the detection current can be provided by the vehicle itself or an external power source. Since the detection end is located at the vehicle control device, whether the detection current is provided by the vehicle itself or an external power source, it will enter the detection point of the vehicle control device through the charging detection branch. After obtaining the rated data, the initial identification process is confirmed to be complete.

[0070] The inspection process is controlled by a charging and discharging control device installed on the integrated conductive structure. The charging and discharging control device continuously provides electrical signals to the vehicle control device at regular intervals. If the electrical signal changes, the vehicle control device immediately disconnects the K1 and K2 switches on the vehicle side until the connection is restored after the initial identification is performed again.

[0071] The discharge process also includes two steps: initial identification and mid-process inspection. Initial identification begins after vehicle plug 1 and power plug 3 are connected to their respective structures. Unlike the charging process, in this process, power plug 3 is connected to the corresponding socket of the split socket 4 to supply power. The user then switches the detection circuit to a discharge detection branch via the operation switching module. After initial identification begins, the vehicle provides a detection current. Once the detection current passes through the discharge detection branch, the vehicle control device detects that the current information meets the set parameter requirements, thus completing the discharge authentication. The OBC then supplies power to the split socket 4 through a conductive circuit.

[0072] Furthermore, refer to Figure 5 The figure shows an overall structure of the plug-in charging and discharging device. Starting from the vehicle plug 1, a control box 2 is connected to it via a cable. The control box 2 is connected to a power plug 3 via a cable. The power plug 3 is kept separate from the split socket 4.

[0073] As shown in the figure, the switching module includes a switch and an external physical button. For ease of operation, this physical button is located on the vehicle plug 1 and can be a sliding structure, or other types such as push-button, rocker, or electronic trigger. A waterproof structure can also be provided on this part to increase its outdoor protection. Any structure that can achieve linkage by triggering the corresponding internal switching switch is acceptable; this embodiment refers to... Figure 5 The solid key of the sliding structure is used for explanation and interpretation.

[0074] The device can switch between charging and discharging processes, with an internal switch corresponding to the charging and discharging detection branches. Similarly, an empty position can be added, where the physical button is initially in the empty position, and the internal switch is not connected to any branch. The corresponding branch is only connected when the physical button is slid to the charging or discharging process.

[0075] Furthermore, due to the split structure design, the split socket 4 needs to be connected for discharge during the discharge process. Also, since the power plug 3 is a conventional three-prong power plug 3, in order to avoid the problem of misidentification when it is inserted into other sockets, the identification and connection relationship between the split socket 4 and the integrated conductive structure is optimized and limited.

[0076] Firstly, the split socket 4 itself has several sockets, most of which are mainly used to connect external electrical appliances for power supply, including three-prong, two-prong, and even USB series sockets. However, the socket on the split socket 4 corresponding to the power plug 3 adopts a special structural design, which is a foolproof socket 6, and can only be inserted into the power plug 3 on the conductive circuit in this embodiment.

[0077] The foolproof socket 6 has multiple installation methods, including using existing non-standard plug structures. Through fitting, embedding, snap-fitting, and locking, it prevents other power plugs 3 from being inserted. Since the power plug 3 needs to be connected to an external ordinary socket for charging, this special structure only applies to the foolproof socket 6 on the split socket 4. (Refer to...) Figure 2 , 4 In section 5, the groove structure with wedge-shaped inner protrusion is limited to the insertion of the power plug 3 in this embodiment.

[0078] Furthermore, the discharge detection branch includes a portion disposed within the integrated conductive structure and a portion disposed within the split socket 4, the two portions together forming the discharge detection branch. In this embodiment, the circuit portion disposed within the split socket 4 is referred to as the discharge identification circuit, and the discharge identification circuit described below corresponds to the series circuit disposed on one side of the split socket 4 in the illustration.

[0079] When the power plug 3 is connected to the split socket 4, the trigger mechanism on the power plug 3 is linked with the discharge identification circuit for identification. This discharge identification circuit can be a series structure in the main circuit or a separate control circuit. If it is connected in series in the main circuit, it is a linkage switch or relay. When the trigger mechanism of the power plug 3 is in a specific position, the linkage switch or relay is turned on, thereby allowing the current provided by the OBC to enter the split socket 4 for power supply.

[0080] If it is a control circuit, that is, controlling the on / off state of one or more switches / relays set on the main circuit, then when the power plug 3 is inserted into the foolproof socket 6, the triggering mechanism reaches a specific position, triggering the discharge identification circuit. Then, after the discharge identification circuit forms a circuit, it controls the corresponding switch / relay to conduct, which can also realize the conduction of the split socket 4.

[0081] Preferably, the triggering mechanism itself can be implemented in multiple ways, such as a conventional contact triggering structure, where a protruding structure is inserted into the corresponding position of the split socket 4 to change the switch state on its internal discharge identification circuit, or the foolproof socket 6 has a protruding structure on its surface, which can also turn on the switch on the discharge identification circuit when the power plug 3 is pressed against its surface.

[0082] If a non-contact magnetic structure is used, it is possible to achieve a linkage between the two magnetic components when they come into contact and repel or attract each other, without setting up additional external structures.

[0083] Alternatively, a conductor may be provided on the power plug 3. When the power plug 3 is connected to the foolproof socket 6, the conductor is inserted into the split socket 4 and connected to the discharge identification circuit. As a conductor in the discharge identification circuit, the corresponding position on the discharge identification circuit is a gap open circuit when the conductor is not inserted.

[0084] This embodiment only provides an extended description of the structure. Any solution that can satisfy the requirement that the state of the internal discharge identification circuit changes after the power plug 3 and the foolproof socket 6 are fully connected is within the protection scope of this invention.

[0085] Furthermore, the discharge identification circuit in this embodiment includes at least one identification resistor and a trigger switch. When the power plug 3 is connected to the foolproof socket 6 of the split socket 4, it is triggered by the trigger mechanism and the trigger switch respectively. Specifically, the split socket 4 has a separate power supply line, and the discharge identification circuit is only used to connect the power plug 3 for identification and pairing.

[0086] In this embodiment, when the power plug 3 is inserted into the foolproof socket 6, the trigger switch on the discharge identification circuit is triggered, causing the discharge identification circuit, which was originally in an open circuit state, to be connected. The detection current entering from the outside flows out after passing through the corresponding identification resistor or directly forms a loop with the ground wire. The identification of the conduction current is completed after confirming the parameters of the corresponding identification resistor.

[0087] The detection current can enter the discharge identification circuit in two ways: through the pins of the power plug 3 itself, and after authentication, the discharge identification circuit automatically disconnects from the main circuit to prevent the discharge current from the OBC from entering the discharge identification circuit and affecting the stability of the identification resistor. Since the discharge identification circuit can control the on / off state of the main circuit within the split socket 4 during detection, the main circuit is only open when the detection current enters, and the detection current can only enter the discharge identification circuit.

[0088] In another implementation, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the power plug 3 is equipped with an independent detection conductor, which is a discharge identification probe. When the power plug 3 is connected to the foolproof socket 6, the detection conductor is connected to the discharge identification circuit inside the split socket 4. This independent connection method isolates it from the main circuit.

[0089] Furthermore, to simplify the detection process of the discharge detection branch, refer to Figure 2As shown, taking a 16A discharge current as an example, the identification resistor R5 is used as the detection resistor in the discharge detection branch. Since a resistor with a rated resistance (usually 2KΩ, but not limited to this value) is required to complete discharge authentication in a conventional discharge detection process, this embodiment uses a 2KΩ resistor for illustration. However, it is not limited to using only one R5 resistor as the identification resistor; in other embodiments, multiple resistors can be connected in series or parallel to form an identification resistor with the corresponding resistance value, which can also complete the authentication.

[0090] Only after the power plug 3 is connected to the split socket 4, the detection current output from the vehicle control device enters the discharge identification circuit through the cable. After receiving the current information, the vehicle control device confirms whether the correct device is connected, and discharges to the outside through the OBC after authentication.

[0091] Furthermore, the discharge identification circuit also includes a socket switch connected in series to control the on / off state of the discharge identification circuit. The socket switch has an operating terminal on the split socket 4. This socket switch is a separate switch set on the discharge identification circuit, and a physical button 5 is provided on the split socket 4.

[0092] Reference Figure 2 or Figure 4 S7 is a socket switch, and S6 is a switch corresponding to the discharge identification probe of the power plug 3 (the discharge identification probe is the detection conductor, which has many implementations, and the discharge identification probe is one of them. This embodiment uses the discharge identification probe for explanation, but it is not limited to this). Only when the power plug 3 is inserted into the foolproof socket 6 and the socket switch is manually controlled, the entire discharge identification circuit is connected to perform discharge identification.

[0093] Furthermore, to achieve better charge and discharge control, a charge and discharge control device is provided inside the control box 2, including a switch and a detection circuit. A physical button on the power plug 3 is used to control the switch, i.e., the aforementioned sliding structure. The detection circuit is controlled by the switch. This charge and discharge control device includes a power module, which is powered by a conductive circuit.

[0094] During the charging process, the vehicle control device first outputs a detection current, which is then switched to the charging detection branch via a switch for identification. After completing the pre-charging detection, the power plug 3 connected to the external power source supplies power to the charging and discharging control device, which then outputs a corresponding current into the vehicle control device for identification and confirmation.

[0095] During the discharge process, there are two implementation methods. First, a portion of the discharge detection circuit, integrated within the unified conductive structure, can perform discharge detection. The vehicle control device controls the closing of switches K1 and K2 to supply power to the conductive circuit. At this time, after the charge / discharge control device connects to the discharge identification circuit, the detection current output by the charge / discharge control device enters the discharge identification circuit. The detection point of the charge / discharge control device acquires the current information of this detection current, and after confirmation, the OBC is connected to the conductive circuit. Second, a discharge identification circuit is provided that bypasses the charge / discharge control device and connects to the separate socket 4. Discharge detection is completed after the R5 resistor is detected.

[0096] To further ensure control safety, a high-voltage switch is also installed on the conductive circuit, which is controlled by the charge / discharge control device. During the charging process, the charge / discharge control device and the vehicle control device jointly ensure the conduction of the conductive circuit. The charge / discharge control device also maintains a real-time monitoring process. If the charging conditions are not met, the charge / discharge control device controls the high-voltage switch to quickly disconnect the protection circuit, and at the same time, the vehicle control device also controls the OBC switch to stop the charging process.

[0097] For the charging process, a detachable adapter corresponding to the power plug 3 is also included. The charging process can be performed by connecting the corresponding adapter based on the current specifications of the external power supply. For example, if the power plug 3 is originally 16A, it can be directly plugged into an external 16A power socket without an adapter, as the charging / discharging control device confirms the current is 16A. If the external socket is 10A, a 10A adapter needs to be used first. The aforementioned power plug 3 is equipped with an independent adapter detection module, and a corresponding charging identification module is provided on the adapter. In this embodiment, a probe / contact structure (which can be implemented in various ways, is used here but is not limited to this) is used. By matching with the probe / contact adapter, a conversion identification resistor is provided inside the adapter. After the charging / discharging control device inputs the detection current, it confirms that the current is 10A. During the charging process, the charging / discharging control device adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal to achieve the corresponding current input control.

[0098] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the charging and discharging device is further explained. The diagram illustrates the logic setting principle of the circuit in the main structural part of the device in the form of a block diagram.

[0099] The left end is the discharge vehicle, which includes a bidirectional on-board charger (OBC) as the main charging and discharging terminal for high-current discharge and charging. The vehicle control device is used to connect to the external switching circuit for identification and detection. When the connection is stable and discharge or charging is continuous, the vehicle control device receives the inspection signal from the charge and discharge control device in real time. If the inspection signal is abnormal, the device controls the K1 and K2 switches set on the conductive circuit to cut off the power to the vehicle.

[0100] The vehicle socket and vehicle plug 1 are shown in the same block diagram in their connected circuit relationship. As can be seen in the diagram, the detection circuit is located at vehicle plug 1, including switch S3 used to determine whether vehicle plug 1 is properly connected to the vehicle socket.

[0101] The corresponding charging and discharging principle in this structure is as follows:

[0102] Charging Mode A (16A Current Charging): When vehicle plug 1 is inserted into the vehicle socket, the vehicle plug 1 latch lock button normally engages in the correct position (corresponding to...). Figure 1 If the S3 switch is closed, but the latch is not properly engaged, the S3 switch will not close. However, because the vehicle control device and vehicle plug 1 are already electrically connected, the S3 switch will remain closed. Figure 1 After the detection point 3 of the vehicle control device outputs the detection current, it passes through R4 and is detected by R4 to confirm that the vehicle plug 1 is not fully connected to the vehicle socket at this time. The three-pronged power plug 3 (16A) is inserted into the power socket (16A 220V~), and the charging and discharging button selects the "charging" mode.

[0103] After selection, the CC line is inspected. The vehicle control device detection point 3 only detects the RC resistor, and it is the rated resistance value, initially set to 680Ω in this embodiment. After identifying the RC resistance matching, the charging / discharging control module in control box 2 outputs +12V to the PE line via the CP line for charging authentication detection. At this time, because... Figure 1 S2 in the control box 2 is not closed. The CP and PE are connected in series by two resistors, R1 and R3. Detection points 4 and 2 detect a voltage of 9V. Then, S1 in the control box 2 switches to the PWM connection state. After the vehicle completes the self-test and meets the charging conditions, S2 enters the closed state. At this time, R3 and R2 form a parallel resistor and are connected in series with R1. Detection points 2 and 4 detect that the voltage has changed to the preset standard value, which is limited to 6V in this embodiment. At this time, the charging certification test process is completed. The charging and discharging control controls K3 and K4 to close and conduct, and the vehicle is charged at a current of 16A.

[0104] The control box 2 includes functions such as leakage protection, overload protection, temperature detection, and lightning protection.

[0105] Charging Mode B (10A Current Charging): When vehicle plug 1 is inserted into the vehicle socket, the vehicle plug 1 latch lock button is properly engaged (S3 closed). The charging / discharging button is selected to "Charging" mode. When the 16A three-prong power plug 3 is inserted into the adapter (16A to 10A) and connected, the control box 2 detects "detection point 5" after triggering the adapter detection module (specifically, a combination of metal contacts and probes in this embodiment). The control box 2 automatically adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal through program settings to control the current at the rated current (limited to 10A in this embodiment, but the actual current does not exceed 8A). When there is no metal contact adapter (no trigger signal feedback to the control box 2), the current can also be adjusted to the rated current (limited to 10A in this embodiment, but the actual current does not exceed 8A) by manually switching between Bluetooth / WIFI settings on the control box 2.

[0106] Discharge mode: When vehicle plug 1 is inserted into vehicle socket, the charging / discharging button selects "discharge" mode. At this time, switches K1, K2, K3, and K4 remain in the off state. This embodiment has a discharge detection branch, which is divided into a first part set in the integrated conductive structure and a second part set in the separate socket 4. Figure 2 The detailed circuit structure of the second part can be seen, which has S6 and S7 switches. The S6 switch of the split socket 4 is manually closed to conduct electricity. A socket switch on the split socket 4 controls the closure of the internal S6 switch, and there are multiple triggering methods. S7 is a physical contact switch that can only be triggered when the power plug 3 is inserted. When the power plug 3 is not fully engaged with the split socket 4, it prevents the vehicle from passing through the discharge inspection. Conversely, when the power plug 3 is fully inserted and the split socket 4 is fully closed, S7 is triggered, connecting the circuit within the split socket 4.

[0107] Only when the power plug 3 is connected to the split socket 4, the two parts of the discharge detection branch are connected to form a series circuit. At this time, the vehicle control device sends a detection current, and the detection point 3 on the vehicle control device only detects that the resistance value of resistor R5 on the split socket 4 is the rated resistance value (in this embodiment, the rated resistance value at this point is set to 2.0kΩ). At this time, the K1 and K2 switches of the vehicle OBC are closed to conduct. Since the K3 and K4 switches remain open, the discharge current only passes through the normally closed switches K7 and K8 to energize the charge and discharge control device. At this time, the charge and discharge control device controls the normally closed switches K5 and K6 to open, and simultaneously controls the normally open switches K3 and K4 to close, forming a discharge conduction state. The vehicle discharges to the outside at the rated current (the rated current is nominally 16A, and the actual current does not exceed 13A).

[0108] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4This paper provides an alternative method for setting up and managing charging and discharging devices. Unlike the previous method, it changes the identification logic of the discharge identification circuit between the charging and discharging control device and the split socket 4. By adding an additional detection point to the charging and discharging control device, the split socket 4 can be identified separately. The following section refers to the charging and discharging control device as "control box 2". The specific charging and discharging principle is as follows:

[0109] Charging mode A (16A current charging): When vehicle plug 1 is inserted into vehicle socket, the vehicle plug 1 latch lock button is normally locked in place (S3 closed), the three-prong power plug 3 (16A) is inserted into the power socket (16A 220V~), the charging and discharging button selects the "charging" mode (control box 2 is powered on and K7 and K8 are disconnected).

[0110] The vehicle control device's detection point 3 only detects an RC resistance of 680Ω. Then, R3 within the vehicle control device is detected. When detection point 4 in control box 2 detects 9V, S1 in control box 2 switches to PWM connection mode. At this time, S2 closes, changing the signal voltage to 6V, and detection point 4 has 6V. Then, K3 and K4 close and conduct, and the vehicle charges at 16A. (This part refers to the above...) Figure 1 The same standard is used for the inspection process before the charging process.

[0111] Charging Mode B (10A Current Charging): When vehicle plug 1 is inserted into the vehicle socket and the vehicle plug 1 latch lock button is properly engaged (S3 closed), the charging / discharging button is selected to "Charging" mode. When the 16A three-prong power plug 3 is inserted into the adapter (16A to 10A) and connected, the control box 2 outputs a detection current. This current forms a detection circuit through the metal contacts on the adapter. The corresponding current information is obtained by the detection point 5 of the control box 2, confirming that a corresponding 16A to 10A adapter is connected. The control box 2 automatically adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal through program settings to control the current to 10A or below. When the adapter has no metal contacts (no trigger signal feedback to the control box 2), the current can also be adjusted to 10A or below through manual / Bluetooth / WIFI settings on the control box 2.

[0112] Discharge mode: Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 Compared to the previous embodiment where a separate discharge detection branch was set up to bypass the charging and discharging control device, the discharge detection branch in this embodiment is only set in the integrated conductive device. When the vehicle plug 1 is inserted into the vehicle socket and the charging and discharging button is selected to select the "discharge" mode, the vehicle control device detection point 3 only detects that the resistance of resistor R5 is 2.0kΩ to complete the first step of discharge detection. At this time, the vehicle is in the discharge process by default, and switches K1 and K2 are closed.

[0113] Meanwhile, control box 2 is energized through the access lines of switches K7 and K8, which are normally closed, to perform the second step of discharge detection. Power plug 3 is not energized at this time. Only after connecting the split socket 4 to power plug 3 does control box 2 perform detection through the discharge identification circuit on the split socket 4. Similar to the above implementation, the discharge identification circuit in the split socket 4 also has switches S6 and S7. Manually triggering S6 closes it, and after the power plug 3 and split socket 4 are stably connected, switch S7 closes, connecting the entire discharge identification circuit. Control box 2 outputs a detection current, and detection point 5 on control box 2 obtains the current information. After determining the resistance of resistor R6 in the discharge identification circuit (the resistance value is a set value; as long as it matches the preset value within control box 2, the detection requirement is met), the second step of discharge detection is confirmed to be complete. Control box 2 then controls switches K3 and K4 to close, and the vehicle discharges at the rated current (the rated current is nominally 16A, but the actual current does not exceed 13A).

[0114] In this embodiment, the control box 2 has functions such as leakage protection, overload protection, temperature detection, and lightning protection.

[0115] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 3 In the diagram, an additional circuit structure consisting of a switch S3' and resistor R4' is added to the discharge detection branch within the internal structure of vehicle plug 1. This structure is typically located on the charging detection branch, and in actual products, it is placed on the latch between vehicle plug 1 and the vehicle socket. When the latch is locked, the switch S3' will have a corresponding state. When the detection current input from the vehicle control device passes through this point, the resistor is identified as having its rated resistance, confirming a stable connection between vehicle plug 1 and the vehicle socket. This circuit can also be used to detect the connection stability of vehicle plug 1 when switching discharge processes.

[0116] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5 As shown in the picture, there are also protective covers on the vehicle plug 1 and power plug 3. When not in use, insulating protective covers are put on the ends on both sides and removed when in use.

[0117] This invention is not limited to the optional embodiments described above, and anyone can derive other various forms of products based on the inspiration of this invention. The specific embodiments described above should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention; the scope of protection of this invention should be determined by the claims, and the specification can be used to interpret the claims.

Claims

1. A pluggable charging and discharging device for automobiles, comprising a conductive circuit, with a vehicle plug (1) and a power plug (3) respectively provided at both ends of the conductive circuit, and further comprising a separate socket (4) detachably connected to the power plug (3); characterized in that: The vehicle plug (1) is connected to the vehicle socket of the vehicle, the power plug (3) is connected to the split socket (4) when discharging and connected to an external power source when charging, and the split socket (4) has at least one socket that is connected to the power plug (3). The charging and discharging equipment also includes a switching module and a detection circuit for controlling the on / off state of the conductive circuit. The detection circuit includes a charging detection branch and a discharging detection branch. The switching module feeds back a signal to switch the branch in the switching circuit. An externally input detection current is detected and confirmed by the charging detection branch or the discharging detection branch, and then the on / off state of the conductive circuit is controlled. The conductive circuit, vehicle plug (1) and power plug (3) are integrated into a conductive structure, and the charging detection branch is set inside the integrated conductive structure. The discharge detection branch includes two parts: an integrated conductive structure and a split socket (4). When the split socket (4) is connected to the power plug (3), the discharge detection branch forms a complete circuit. The power plug (3) is equipped with a trigger mechanism. The circuit part set in the split socket (4) is a discharge identification circuit. The discharge identification circuit includes at least one identification resistor and a trigger switch. When the power plug (3) is connected to the socket of the split socket (4), it is triggered by the trigger mechanism and the trigger switch respectively. The power plug (3) is provided with an independent detection conductor. When the power plug (3) is connected to the socket, the detection conductor is connected to the discharge identification circuit in the split socket (4) for power supply. The integrated conductive structure also has a charging and discharging control device that connects the charging detection branch and the discharging detection branch at the same time. The charging and discharging control device has a control power supply line connected to the conductive circuit, and a high-voltage switch controlled by the charging and discharging control device is provided on the conductive circuit. The control power supply line has an access line connected to the conductive circuit between the high-voltage switch and the vehicle plug (1). The discharge detection branch includes a first discharge section installed in the integrated conductive structure and working with the switching module to perform pre-discharge detection, and a second discharge section installed in the split socket (4); After the first discharge section receives the detection current from the vehicle plug (1) and completes the detection, the conductive circuit is energized. After the charging and discharging control device receives the current from the access line, it connects to the split socket (4) through the second discharge section. After completing the detection, it connects the vehicle plug (1) and the split socket (4) through the high-voltage switch.

2. The plug-in charging and discharging device for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging detection branch includes a first charging section and a second charging section. The first charging section works with the switching module to complete the pre-charging detection. One end of the second charging section is connected to the charging and discharging control device, and the other end is connected to the vehicle via the vehicle plug (1) for signal feedback; The control power supply line also has an access line two connected between the forced switch of the conductive circuit and the power plug (3). Both the access line one and the access line two are equipped with a switch controlled by the charging and discharging control device and in a normally closed state. The charging and discharging control device controls the switch on the other access line to open after the current is connected through any access line, and closes the high-voltage switch after the detection is completed in the second charging section.

3. The plug-in charging and discharging device for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a converter that can be plugged into the power plug (3), the converter having an identification module inside, and the charging and discharging control device identifies the converter specifications by connecting the corresponding identification module through the power plug (3).

4. A plug-in charging and discharging device for automobiles according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The switching module is a switch installed on the detection circuit to switch between the charging detection branch and the discharging detection branch.

5. A charging and discharging management method, characterized in that, The automotive plug-in charging and discharging device according to any one of claims 1-3 is specifically as follows: During the charging process, the vehicle plug (1) is connected to the vehicle socket, the power plug (3) is plugged into the external socket, the charging detection branch is switched by the operation switching module, and then the vehicle performs charging authentication detection according to the switched charging detection branch. After confirmation, the vehicle connects the conductive circuit to supply power to the vehicle from the external power source. During the discharge process, the vehicle plug (1) is connected to the vehicle socket, the power plug (3) is inserted into the socket of the split socket (4), the discharge detection branch is switched by the operation switching module, and then the vehicle performs discharge authentication detection according to the switched discharge detection branch. After confirmation, the vehicle connects the conductive circuit and supplies power to the split socket (4).

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