A method for designing a knee space for a driver of a vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automobile driver knee space design methods, it is characterized in that, acquire several driving postures data, based on data obtains each percentile human knee space limit line, and stretch to form knee space limit surface, then its process is encapsulated into knee space limit surface template and the template is called in automobile design process to complete design.The application can avoid the problem of poor comfort caused by insufficient driver knee space in the design stage.The driver knee space limit surface obtained by the application can be used to limit the design of instrument panel and center console, to leave enough knee movement space for the driver, and improve the driving comfort of the driver.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobile vehicle design, in particular to a knee space design method for automobile driver. BACKGROUND

[0002] When designing a vehicle, the operability and comfort of the driver need to be considered in the design process of the cab and the driver's seat. In the vehicle design standard "SAE J 1521 Truck Driver Shin-Knee Position for Clutch and Accelerator", the driver's knee limit line of the B type vehicle (heavy truck, bus, multipurpose truck) is specified, which provides a good reference for the design of the driver's knee. However, there is no general standard for the knee space design of M1 type vehicles (ISO3833:977 stipulates that the passenger car has at least 4 wheels or 3 wheels, the total mass is greater than 1 ton, and the passenger seat is not more than 8 passenger cars, van, light truck), especially passenger cars. According to the data of China Automotive Technology Center, the sales of commercial vehicles in the first half of 2023 were much lower than that of Chinese brand passenger cars. It can be seen that the lack of driver's knee space specification for passenger cars has a great impact on the passenger car market. Some cars are not designed well between the driver's knee and the instrument panel, making the driver uncomfortable. Such vehicles are likely to cause market complaints after being put on the market, which is not conducive to establishing a good brand image.

[0003] Therefore, how to design a driver's knee space limit surface based on the driving posture of the driver to avoid the problem of poor comfort caused by insufficient driver's knee space in the design stage has become a problem to be considered and solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a knee space design method for automobile driver, which can obtain a knee space limit surface for passenger car driver based on the driving posture of the driver using the polynomial algorithm in machine learning, to avoid the problem of poor comfort caused by insufficient driver's knee space in the design stage. The obtained driver's knee space limit surface can be used to limit the design of the instrument panel and the center console, leaving enough knee space for the driver to improve the driving comfort of the driver.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The application discloses a knee space design method for a driver of an automobile, and is characterized in that a plurality of driving postures are collected, a knee space limiting line of each percentile is obtained based on the data, the knee space limiting line is stretched to form a knee space limiting surface, and the process is encapsulated into a knee space limiting surface template, and the template is called in an automobile design process to complete the design.

[0007] The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step A: collecting human driving posture data of a driver at an automobile driving position, wherein the human driving posture data comprises human knee point data;

[0009] Step B: converting the human knee point into X value and Z value of a reference point H in a three-dimensional software;

[0010] Step C: taking the reference point H as a reference point, dividing 95%, 50% and 5% percentile human knee points according to the distance value from the reference point H, and respectively adopting a polynomial fitting algorithm in machine learning to fit the percentile knee points in a python software, and obtaining a 95%, 50% and 5% human knee point calculation formula, the calculation formula being as follows:

[0011] The formula corresponding to 95% is as follows:

[0012] X = -0.0000*Z 3 + 0.0015*Z 2 -0.0220*Z -501.4261 Formula 1

[0013] The formula corresponding to 50% is as follows:

[0014] X = -0.0000*Z 3 + 0.0010*Z 2 -0.0014*Z -458.9430 Formula 2

[0015] The formula corresponding to 5% is as follows:

[0016] X = -0.0000*Z 3 + 0.0022*Z 2 -0.0128*Z -413.3947 Formula 3

[0017] In the above formulae:

[0018] X represents the X value of the 95%, 50% and 5% human knee points relative to the reference point H;

[0019] Z represents the Z value of the 95%, 50% and 5% human knee points relative to the reference point H;

[0020] Step D: In the three-dimensional software, make the knee line according to formula 1-3;

[0021] Step E: In the three-dimensional software, make the knee space limit line of 95%, 50% and 5% human body, which is obtained by translating the knee line in the above-mentioned formula along the X negative direction by a distance value;

[0022] Step F: In the three-dimensional software, stretch the knee space limit line in the above-mentioned formula along the Y direction to obtain the knee space limit surface;

[0023] Step H: In the three-dimensional software, encapsulate the process of steps C to F into a knee space limit surface template using the user feature module of the knowledge engineering module, and directly call the template to complete the design in the automobile design process.

[0024] Thus, the method takes the Chinese human body driving posture as the basic data, applies the polynomial algorithm of machine learning to obtain the fitting formula of the knee points of 95%, 50% and 5% human body, and reproduces the formula in the three-dimensional software to make the knee space limit surface which can be used to constrain the design of the instrument panel and the central control box. The parametric design improves the design efficiency, and the results obtained by the method are more convenient to apply to the design of different vehicle models, greatly shortening the design time and improving the design efficiency, and having high engineering application value.

[0025] In the method, the original data value is the X value and the Z value of the H point obtained by converting the human knee point into the reference point in the three-dimensional software; and the final result is accurate and reliable. In the method, the knee point calculation formula is obtained by taking the H point as the reference point and using the polynomial algorithm of machine learning to fit in Python; the polynomial algorithm and the fitting process are conventional existing technologies in the computer field, and the more the original data, the more accurate the fitting result, but the specific process is not described in detail; the focus of the application is not the process of fitting calculation itself, but the three percentile human knee point calculation formula obtained by the applicant through data conversion and fitting, which can be directly applied to subsequent design calculation. In the method, the knee line is made in the three-dimensional software according to the knee point calculation formula; the specific calculation process is a conventional technology and is not described in detail. In the method, the knee space limit surface is obtained by stretching the knee space limit line along the Y axis in the three-dimensional software; this is because the driver is a three-dimensional human body, and the design method takes the H point as the reference point to obtain the X value and the Z value of the driver's knee point along the X axis and the Z axis, and the Y axis design value needs to be supplemented to make the design scheme of the method consistent with the three-dimensional human body, so as to obtain a three-dimensional driver knee space constraint condition consistent with the actual application state. In the method, the knee space limit surface template is encapsulated in the three-dimensional software by using the knowledge engineering module. Thus, the template can be directly called in subsequent design, and the calling process is a conventional technology and is not described in detail.

[0026] Further, the car in the method is a passenger car. Because the passenger car and the truck have their own design standards, and the formula is different.

[0027] Further, in the method, the basic data source is the Chinese human driving posture, which is more in line with the Chinese passenger car.

[0028] Further, in the method, three types of car, SUV and MPV are selected to collect data. These are the best-selling car models on the market, so they can maximize the coverage of the driving posture of passenger cars, making the driving posture collected from them more comprehensive, and the conclusion more reliable.

[0029] Further, the following requirements are used for the test human to collect driving posture data: height range of 160-185cm, male to female ratio of 7:3, age range of 26-50 years old, 90 people for formal test, 30 people for standby test; Each driver drives all car models at least once and collects data.

[0030] The required test human meets the actual situation of most Chinese drivers, making the final design result more in line with the requirements. In specific implementation, drivers with driving licenses and rich driving experience are selected as test humans.

[0031] Further, when collecting driving posture data, the driver is required to adjust each vehicle to a comfortable driving posture, then use a handheld three-dimensional scanner to scan the human posture, and record the collected human posture data.

[0032] In this way, the original driving data can be obtained more accurately.

[0033] Further, the three-dimensional software used is CATIA software. This three-dimensional software is relatively mature and perfect, powerful and universal in interface, suitable for use in car design.

[0034] Further, in step D, the knee line made by formula 1-3 is a fitting curve corresponding to different percentile knee points made in the three-dimensional software.

[0035] Specifically, the knee line is made based on the H point, and all the original knee points obtained are made simultaneously in the CATIA software. It can be seen that the distribution of the fitting curve of each percentile knee in the knee point conforms to the distribution rule of different percentile knees, and the conclusion is reliable.

[0036] Further, in step E, the specific process and requirements for making the human knee space limit line are as follows:

[0037] ① According to the provisions of SAE J1100, the gap between the knee point and the knee surface is 51mm, so the knee surface limit line of each percentile of the human body can be obtained by fitting the knee point curve of each percentile forward by 51mm in the negative X direction;

[0038] ② The knee surface limit line obtained in step ① is further moved forward by more than 70mm in the negative X direction to obtain the knee space limit line that affects the score of the frontal collision.

[0039] This is because in automobile design, the fitting curve of each percentile knee point can be applied to design, but it is not intuitive. In order to better limit the design of the dashboard, the knee point curve is further made into a knee space limit surface. The application of this limit surface can intuitively limit the design and checking of the dashboard.

[0040] Specifically, in the above steps, step ① is performed according to the provisions of the design standard SAE J1100. Step ② is because studies have shown that the knee space has a significant impact on the passenger's chest injury. The chest compression increases first and then decreases with the increase of the knee space. When the knee space value is between 70-90mm, the compression of the chest of the dummy of different vehicles is smaller. Therefore, the knee space value defined in the interval of 70-90mm is more appropriate.

[0041] Further, in step E, the knee space limit line is obtained by translating the knee line in the negative X direction by 121mm in the three-dimensional software. This is because the styling surface of the dashboard of different vehicles needs to have different creative designs. The lower limit value of 70mm of the best interval of the knee space value that does not affect the chest injury can be taken to maximize the creative space of the dashboard styling on the basis of ensuring the application feasibility of the driver's knee space function, so as to improve the overall competitiveness of the new vehicle.

[0042] Further, in step F, in the Y direction, the knee space limit line should completely cover the left and right knee spaces. The Y value of the knee space limit surface should be at least cover the right side of the accelerator pedal, and can be further offset by 50mm to the right side of the accelerator pedal.

[0043] This is because the driver driving the car, the right foot most of the time on the accelerator pedal, so in the Y direction, the knee space limit line should cover the knee left and right space completely, from the use of the patent body posture scanning data can be seen, the knee point to H point Y spacing in 148-151 mm, this value is related to the human sitting posture, but more related to the position of the accelerator pedal, the human foot always to step on the accelerator pedal, different models of accelerator pedal layout position slightly different, so this article can not give the exact value of the knee space Y. In order to freely move the knee, the right side of the knee space limit surface should completely cover the right side of the accelerator pedal, and the foot movement space should be left, generally requires the right side of the accelerator pedal and the surrounding distance should be greater than 50 mm, so it is recommended that the Y value of the knee space limit surface should be at least cover the right side of the accelerator pedal, and the maximum can continue to offset 50 mm to the right side of the accelerator pedal. In this interval, the knee movement area of the human body is relatively ample, and different models can be fine-tuned according to the specific situation. The knee space limit surface obtained in this way is used to limit the new car design, which can maximize the avoidance of the interference problem between the driver's knee and the instrument panel and the center control panel during driving.

[0044] Further, in step H, the specific packaging process is as follows:

[0045] ① In CATIA, create a point in three coordinates, name it H point;

[0046] ② With the H point created in step ① as the reference point, the Z value from -100 mm to 170 mm range, every 10 mm as a variable point, apply formula 1 in step C, create a series of knee points corresponding to 95%, apply curve definition, connect all the knee points above into a line, which is the knee line corresponding to 95% of the human body;

[0047] ③ Use the method in step ②, apply formula 2, 3 in step C, respectively create 50%, 5% corresponding knee lines;

[0048] ④ Translate the three kinds of human knee lines obtained in steps ② and ③ along the X negative direction (i.e. the direction of the car head) by 121 mm, which is the corresponding knee space limit line of the three kinds of human body;

[0049] ⑤ Stretch the three kinds of knee space limit lines in step ④ into a surface along the Y direction, which takes the Y coordinate of the knee point as the starting value and the Y coordinate of the right end surface of the accelerator pedal moving outward by 50 mm as the terminal value;

[0050] ⑥ Apply the "insert-knowledge engineering template-user characteristics" command to make the process of steps 1 to 5 into a template, name it "passenger car knee space limiting surface template", and save the part file. That is, the knee space limiting surface template is completed. The template thus prepared facilitates the direct calling of the above design process in subsequent new project vehicle design, and more conveniently completes the design.

[0051] Specifically, the process of calling the template in the new project vehicle design includes the following steps:

[0052] 1) Open the saved "passenger car knee space limiting surface template" part file in CATIA software;

[0053] 2) Make H point of the new project, and through the "insert-from selected instantiation" command on the tool bar, switch to the "passenger car knee space limiting surface template" part file, select the "passenger car knee space limiting surface template" directory tree, and according to the window prompt, pair the H point of the new project with the H point in the "passenger car knee space limiting surface template", and end the calling after confirming that there is no error.

[0054] 3) The "passenger car knee space limiting surface template" application structure tree is generated on the part file directory tree established in step 2), and the knee space limiting surfaces corresponding to 95%, 50%, and 5% human bodies appear in the 3D data window, which are the knee space limiting surfaces required for the new project.

[0055] In this way, when the H point in step 2) changes, the knee space limiting surface in step 3) changes accordingly. The knee space limiting surface can be used to guide the design of the instrument panel and the center console of the new vehicle.

[0056] Therefore, based on the Chinese human body driving posture, the present application collects relevant data about the knee point relative to the H point, and obtains the relevant formula of the H point and the knee point of different percentile human bodies by using the polynomial algorithm in machine learning. This is the first in the industry. Based on the knowledge engineering module of CATIA, the application result is integrated into the "passenger car knee space limiting surface template", which is more convenient for engineering design, improves the design accuracy and design efficiency, and has high application value.

[0057] In summary, the present application can avoid the problem of poor comfort caused by insufficient knee space of the driver in the design stage. The driver knee space limiting surface obtained by the present application can be used to limit the design of the instrument panel and the center console, so as to leave enough knee space for the driver and improve the driving comfort of the driver. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram for measuring the human body posture in the implementation of the present application.

[0059] Figure 2 For the embodiment of the present application, the fitting result diagram of the 95% percentile human knee point is shown.

[0060] Figure 3 For the embodiment of the present application, the fitting result diagram of the 50% percentile human knee point is shown.

[0061] Figure 4 For the embodiment of the present application, the fitting result diagram of the 5% percentile human knee point is shown.

[0062] Figure 5 For the embodiment of the present application, the obtained knee line and knee space limiting line diagram is shown.

[0063] Figure 6 For the embodiment of the present application, the obtained knee space limiting surface in the lateral direction is shown.

[0064] Figure 7 For the embodiment of the present application, the obtained knee space limiting surface in the front view direction is shown.

[0065] Figure 8 For the attached Table 1, the partial knee point conversion data table is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0067] A method for designing the knee space of an automobile driver, characterized in that a plurality of driving posture data is collected, the human knee space limiting line of each percentile is obtained based on the data, and the line is stretched to form a knee space limiting surface, and the process is packaged into a knee space limiting surface template and the template is called in the automobile design process to complete the design.

[0068] In implementation, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] Step A: Collecting human driving posture data of a driver in an automobile driving position, the human driving posture data containing human knee point data;

[0070] Step B: Converting the human knee point into the X value and Z value of the reference point H in the three-dimensional software;

[0071] Step C: Taking H point as the reference point, dividing the 95%, 50%, and 5% percentile human knee points according to the distance value from H point, and respectively adopting the polynomial fitting algorithm in machine learning to fit each percentile knee point in the python software, and obtaining the 95%, 50%, and 5% human knee point calculation formula, the calculation formula being as follows:

[0072] The formula corresponding to 95%:

[0073] X = -0.0000*Z 3 + 0.0015*Z 2 -0.0220*Z -501.4261 Formula 1

[0074] Formula for 50%:

[0075] X = -0.0000*Z 3 + 0.0010*Z 2 -0.0014*Z -458.9430 Formula 2

[0076] Formula for 5%:

[0077] X = -0.0000*Z 3 + 0.0022*Z 2 -0.0128*Z -413.3947 Formula 3

[0078] In the above formulas:

[0079] X represents the X value of the knee point of 95%, 50% and 5% human body relative to H point;

[0080] Z represents the Z value of the knee point of 95%, 50% and 5% human body relative to H point; in implementation, the fitting result is understood by referring to the table shown in Figures 2-4

[0081] Step D: in the three-dimensional software, the knee line is made according to Formula 1-3;

[0082] Step E: in the three-dimensional software, the knee space limit line of 95%, 50% and 5% human body is made, which is obtained by translating the above knee line along the X negative direction by a distance value;

[0083] Step F: in the three-dimensional software, the above knee limit line is stretched along the Y direction to form a knee space limit surface;

[0084] Step H: in the three-dimensional software, the process from Step C to Step F is encapsulated into a knee space limit surface template by using the user feature module of the knowledge engineering module, and the template is directly called in the automobile design process to complete the design.

[0085] ​Thus, the method takes the Chinese human body driving posture as the basic data, applies the polynomial algorithm of machine learning to obtain the 95%, 50% and 5% human knee point fitting formula, and reproduces the above formula in the three-dimensional software, and reasonably makes the knee space limiting surface which can be used to constrain the design of the instrument panel and the central control box, and the parametric design improves the design efficiency, so that the results obtained by the application are more convenient to apply to the design of different vehicle models, greatly shortens the design time, improves the design efficiency, and has very high engineering application value.

[0086] In the method, the original data value is the X value and the Z value of the human knee point converted into the reference point H point in the three-dimensional software; the accuracy and reliability of the final result are ensured. In the method, the obtained knee point calculation formula is fitted out in python by taking H point as the reference point and using the polynomial algorithm of machine learning; the polynomial algorithm and the fitting process itself are conventional prior art in the computer field, and the more the original data, the more accurate the fitting result, but the specific process is not described in detail; the focus of the application is not the process of fitting calculation itself, but the applicant obtains the human knee point calculation formula of three percentiles through data conversion and fitting, so that the formula can be directly applied to subsequent design calculation. In the method, the knee line is made in the three-dimensional software by using the knee point calculation formula; the specific calculation process itself is prior art, which is not described in detail. In the method, the knee space limiting surface is obtained by stretching the knee space limiting line along the Y axis in the three-dimensional software; this is because the driver is a 3D human body, and the design method takes H point as the reference point to obtain the X value and the Z value of the driver's knee point along the X axis and the Z axis, and the Y axis design value needs to be supplemented, so that the design scheme of the method is consistent with the 3D human body, so as to obtain a three-dimensional driver knee space constraint condition consistent with the actual application state. In the method, the knee space limiting surface template is encapsulated in the three-dimensional software by using the knowledge engineering module. Thus, the subsequent design is convenient and direct to call, and the calling process is prior art, which is not described in detail.

[0087] In implementation, the automobile in the method is a passenger car. Because buses and trucks have their own design standards, and the formulas are different.

[0088] In implementation, the basic data source in the method is the Chinese human body driving posture, which is more consistent with the Chinese human body driving automobile.

[0089] In implementation, this method selected three types of sedans, SUVs, and MPVs for data collection. These are some of the best-selling models on the market, maximizing coverage of passenger vehicle driving postures and ensuring the breadth of collected data, thus making the conclusions more reliable. The specific models selected were as follows: Sedans: Changan Eado DT, Shanghai Volkswagen Lavida, Guangzhou Honda Civic; SUVs: Changan CS75 PLUS, Toyota RAV4, Great Wall Haval H6; MPVs: Changan Keshang, Guangzhou Honda Odyssey, Shanghai GM Buick GL6.

[0090] During implementation, the following drivers were used as test subjects for driving posture data collection: height range of 160-185cm, male-to-female ratio of 7:3, age range of 26-50 years old, 90 people for formal testing, and 30 people for backup testing; each driver drove each type of vehicle at least once and collected data.

[0091] The test subjects required are consistent with the actual driving conditions of most Chinese people, making the final design more compliant with the requirements. In practice, drivers with valid licenses and extensive driving experience are selected as test subjects.

[0092] During the data collection of driver and passenger posture, drivers are required to adjust each vehicle to a comfortable driving position. A handheld 3D scanner is then used to scan the human posture, and the collected posture data is recorded. A schematic diagram of the human posture measurement process is attached. Figure 1 As shown. Figure 1 In the diagram, the meanings of each number are as follows: 1-A40, which is the angle of the human backrest; 2-A42, which is the angle of the human hip; 3-Knee point; 4-Z value of the knee point relative to point H; 5-X value of the knee point relative to point H; 6-Point H.

[0093] This allows for more accurate acquisition of raw driving data.

[0094] During implementation, CATIA software was used. This 3D software is relatively mature and complete, with powerful functions and universal interfaces, making it suitable for use in automotive design.

[0095] In the specific implementation, step B, a diagram illustrating the conversion of the knee point into X and Z values ​​is attached. Figure 1 As shown, the converted values ​​are as follows Figure 8 As shown in Appendix 1, please refer to it for understanding.

[0096] In the specific implementation, the fitting results for each percentile in step C are shown in the appendix. Figures 2-4 As shown, please refer to the following for understanding.

[0097] In the implementation, in step D, the knee line made according to formula 1-3 is a fitting curve corresponding to different percentile knee points made in the three-dimensional software.

[0098] Specifically, as shown in the accompanying Figure 5 The knee line is made based on the H point, and all the original knee points obtained in Table 1 are made synchronously in the CATIA software, so that the distribution of the fitting curves of the knee points in the knee points conforms to the distribution law of the different percentile knee points, and the conclusion is reliable.

[0099] Figure 5 In the table, the number means: 7-5% human knee line; 8-50% human knee line; 9-95% human knee line; 10-5% human knee space limit line; 11-50% human knee space limit line; 12-95% human knee space limit line.

[0100] In the implementation, in step E, the specific process and requirements for making the human knee space limit line are as follows:

[0101] ① According to the provisions of SAE J1100, the gap between the knee point and the knee surface is 51 mm, so the fitting curves of the percentile knee points obtained in Table 1 can be moved forward by 51 mm in the negative direction of X to obtain the knee surface limit line of each percentile of the human body; Figure 5

[0102] ② The knee surface limit line obtained in step ① is moved forward by more than 70 mm in the negative direction of X to obtain the knee space limit line that affects the frontal impact score, as shown in the accompanying Figure 5

[0103] This is because in the design of the automobile, the fitting curve of the percentile knee point can be applied to the design, but it is not intuitive, in order to better limit the design of the instrument panel, the knee point curve is further made into a knee space limit surface, and the limit surface can be applied to the instrument panel for intuitive limit design and checking.

[0104] Specifically, in the above steps, the first step is executed according to the provisions of the design standard SAE J1100. The second step is because studies have shown that the knee space has a significant impact on the passenger's chest injury, and the chest compression decreases first and then increases with the increase of the knee space; and when the knee space value is between 70-90 mm, the compression of the chest of the dummy of different vehicles is smaller. Therefore, the knee space value defined as 70-90 mm is more appropriate.

[0105] ​​In the implementation, in step E, the knee space limiting line is obtained by translating the knee line in the X negative direction by 121 mm in the three-dimensional software. This is because different models of instrument panel modeling surfaces need different creative designs. The method takes the lower limit value of the best interval of the knee space value that does not affect chest injury, 70 mm, can give the instrument panel modeling more creative space on the basis of ensuring the feasibility of the application of the driver's knee space function, and improve the overall competitiveness of the new car.

[0106] In step F, in the Y direction, the knee space limiting line should completely cover the left and right knee spaces, and the Y value of the knee space limiting surface should be at least 50 mm offset to the right side of the accelerator pedal.

[0107] This is because the driver's right foot is mostly stepped on the accelerator pedal when driving the car, so in the Y direction, the knee space limiting line should completely cover the left and right knee spaces. It can be seen from the human posture scanning data used in the patent that the Y distance between the knee point and H point is 148-151 mm. This value is related to the human sitting posture, but more related to the position of the accelerator pedal. The human foot always needs to be stepped on the accelerator pedal, and the position of the accelerator pedal is slightly different in different models. Therefore, the exact Y value of the knee space cannot be given in this paper. In order to freely move the knee, the right side of the knee space limiting surface needs to completely cover the right side of the accelerator pedal, and needs to leave a foot movement space. Generally, the right side of the accelerator pedal needs to be spaced more than 50 mm from the surrounding, so it is recommended that the Y value of the knee space limiting surface should be at least 50 mm offset to the right side of the accelerator pedal. In this interval range, the knee movement area of the human body is relatively sufficient, and different models can be fine-tuned according to the specific circumstances. The knee space limiting surface obtained in this way is used to limit the design of the new car, which can maximize the avoidance of the interference problem between the driver's knee and the instrument panel and center control panel during driving. For example, the knee space limiting surface formed by stretching the 95% human knee limiting line in the Y direction left and right is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, which can be understood with reference to the drawings. Figure 6 and Figure 7 . Figure 6 and Figure 7 The reference sign 13 represents the 95% human knee space limiting surface.

[0108] In the implementation, in step H, the specific packaging process is as follows:

[0109] 1. Create an arbitrary point in CATIA in the form of three coordinates, named H point;

[0110] ② With the H point created in step 1 as the reference point, Z values from -100 mm to 170 mm are taken as a variable point every 10 mm, and the formula 1 obtained in step C is applied to create a series of knee points corresponding to 95%, and the above all knee points are connected into a line by applying the curve definition, which is the knee line corresponding to 95% of the human body;

[0111] ③ With the method in step 2, the formulae 2 and 3 obtained in step C are applied to create the knee lines corresponding to 50% and 5% respectively;

[0112] ④ The three kinds of human knee lines obtained in steps 2 and 3 are translated along the X direction by 121 mm in the negative direction (i.e. the direction of the vehicle head), which are the knee space limit lines corresponding to the three kinds of human bodies;

[0113] ⑤ The three kinds of knee space limit lines in step 4 are stretched into a plane along the Y direction, which takes the Y coordinate of the knee point as the starting value and the Y coordinate of the outer moving 50 mm of the right end surface of the accelerator pedal as the terminal value;

[0114] ⑥ The process from step 1 to step 5 is made into a template by applying the "insert-knowledge engineering template-user characteristics" command, which is named as "passenger car knee space limit plane template", and the part file is saved. That is, the making of the knee space limit plane template is completed. The template thus made is convenient for directly calling the above design process in subsequent new project vehicle design, and the design is more convenient.

[0115] Specifically, the process of calling the template in the new project vehicle design includes the following steps:

[0116] 1) Open the saved "passenger car knee space limit plane template" part file in CATIA software;

[0117] 2) Make the H point of the new project, and switch to the "passenger car knee space limit plane template" part file on the tool bar by applying the "insert-from selected instantiation" command, select the "passenger car knee space limit plane template" directory tree, and pair the H point of the new project with the H point in the "passenger car knee space limit plane template" according to the window prompt, and end the calling after confirming that there is no error.

[0118] 3) The "passenger car knee space limit plane template" application structure tree is generated on the part file directory tree established in step 2, and the knee space limit plane corresponding to 95%, 50% and 5% of the human body appears in the 3D data window, which is the knee space limit plane required for the new project.

[0119] In this way, when the H point in step 2 changes, the knee space limit plane in step 3 changes accordingly. The knee space limit plane can be used to guide the design of the instrument panel and the central control box of the new vehicle model.

[0120] Some technical terms in the present application are explained as follows.

[0121] Three-dimensional coordinate system: 5 in SAE J 1100, coordinate system in 3D design of automobile, divided into X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis three axes, X-axis direction is from front to back of vehicle, Y-axis direction is from left to right of vehicle, Z-axis direction is from bottom to top of vehicle.

[0122] Human body percentile: anthropometric term, method for determining human body size distribution value. Percentile represents the percentage of the total number of statistical objects that have a certain human body size and are smaller than the size. Taking the 5th percentile and the height of the human body as an example, it means that 5% of the people are equal to or less than the size.

[0123] H point: H-Point, SAE J 1100 3.4.5, or SAE J826, H point is the intersection of thigh line and torso line, in the design of whole vehicle, H point coincides with SgRP point, which can be used as a reference point of vehicle.

[0124] A40: SAE J 1100 defines it as the angle of human body backrest, that is, the angle between the human body torso line and the Z-axis.

[0125] A42: SAE J 1100 defines it as the angle of human body hip, that is, the angle between the human body torso line and the thigh line.

Claims

1. A method of designing a knee space for an automobile driver, characterized by, Collecting a plurality of driving posture data, obtaining the human knee space limit line of each percentile based on the data, stretching the human knee space limit line to form a human knee space limit surface, and encapsulating the process into a knee space limit surface template and calling the template in the automobile design process to complete the design; The method specifically comprises the following steps: Step A: collecting human driving posture data of a driver at an automobile driving position, wherein the human driving posture data comprises human knee point data; Step B: converting the human knee point into X value and Z value of a reference point H in a three-dimensional software; Step C: taking the H point as a reference point, dividing the 95%, 50% and 5% percentile human knee points according to the distance value from the H point, and respectively adopting a polynomial fitting algorithm in machine learning to fit the percentile knee points in a python software, and obtaining the 95%, 50% and 5% human knee point calculation formulas, the calculation formulas being as follows: The formula corresponding to 95%: X = -0.0000*Z 3 + 0.0015*Z 2 -0.0220*Z -501.4261 Equation 1 The formula corresponding to 50%: X = -0.0000*Z 3 + 0.0010*Z 2 -0.0014*Z -458.9430 Equation 2 The formula corresponding to 5%: X = -0.0000*Z 3 + 0.0022*Z 2 -0.0128*Z -413.3947 Equation 3; In the above formulas: X represents the X value of the 95%, 50% and 5% human knee points relative to the H point; Z represents the Z value of the 95%, 50% and 5% human knee points relative to the H point; Step D: making a knee line in the three-dimensional software according to the formulas 1-3; Step E: making the 95%, 50% and 5% human knee space limit lines in the three-dimensional software, wherein the 95%, 50% and 5% human knee space limit lines are obtained by moving the knee line in the negative X direction by a distance value; Step F: stretching the knee limit line into a knee space limit surface in the Y direction in the three-dimensional software; Step H: encapsulating the process from step C to step F into a knee space limit surface template by using a user feature module of a knowledge engineering module in the three-dimensional software, and directly calling the template in the automobile design process to complete the design.

2. The method of designing a knee space for an automobile driver according to claim 1, wherein The automobile in the method is a passenger car; and the basic data source is a Chinese human driving posture.

3. The method of designing a knee space for an automobile driver according to claim 2, wherein In the method, three types of car, SUV and MPV are selected to collect data.

4. The method of designing a knee space for an automobile driver according to claim 1, wherein The following requirements are adopted for the test human to collect the driving posture data: the height range is 160-185 cm, the male to female ratio is 7:3, the age range is 26-50 years old, the number of formal test persons is 90, the number of standby test persons is 30; each driver drives all the vehicle types at least once and collects data.

5. The method of designing a knee space for an automobile driver according to claim 1, wherein When collecting the driving posture data, the driver is required to adjust each vehicle to a comfortable driving posture, then scans the human posture by using a handheld three-dimensional scanner, and records the collected human posture data.

6. The method of designing a knee space for an automobile driver according to claim 1, wherein The three-dimensional software adopted is CATIA software.

7. The method of designing a knee space for an automobile driver according to claim 1, wherein In step D, the knee line made according to the formulas 1-3 is a fitting curve corresponding to the knee point of different percentiles made in the three-dimensional software.

8. The method of designing a knee space for an automobile driver according to claim 1, wherein In step E, the specific process and requirements for making the human knee space limit line are as follows: According to the provisions of SAE J1100, the gap between the knee point and the knee surface is 51 mm, so the obtained fitting curve of the knee point of each percentile can be moved forward by 51 mm in the negative X direction to obtain the knee surface limit line of each percentile of the human body. ② Move the knee surface limit line obtained in step 1 forward by more than 70 mm in the negative X direction to obtain a knee space limit line that does not affect the frontal impact score.

9. The method of designing a knee space for an automobile driver according to claim 1, wherein, In step F, in the Y direction, the knee space limit line should completely cover the knee left and right spaces, and the Y value of the knee space limit surface should at least cover the right side surface of the accelerator pedal and at most be offset by 50 mm to the right side surface of the accelerator pedal. In step H, the specific packaging process is as follows:

1. Create an arbitrary point in CATIA in the form of three coordinates, and name it H point; 2. Take the H point created in step 1 as the reference point, and take the Z value from -100 mm to 170 mm at intervals of 10 mm as a variable point. Apply formula 1 obtained in step C to create a series of knee points corresponding to 95%, and apply curve definition to connect the series of knee points corresponding to 95% to form a line, which is the knee line corresponding to 95% of the human body; 3. Use the method in step 2, and apply formulas 2 and 3 obtained in step C to create knee lines corresponding to 50% and 5%, respectively; 4. Translate the three kinds of knee lines of the human body obtained in steps 2 and 3 along the negative X direction by 121 mm to obtain three kinds of knee space limit lines corresponding to the human body; 5. Stretch the three kinds of knee space limit lines in step 4 into a surface along the Y direction, and take the Y coordinate of the knee point as the starting value and the Y coordinate of the outer 50 mm of the right end surface of the accelerator pedal as the terminal value; 6. Apply the "Insert - Knowledge Engineering Template - User Features" command to make a template of the process from step 1 to step 5, name it "Passenger Car Knee Space Limit Surface Template", and save the part file; that is, the knee space limit surface template is completed.

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