Two-stage ginseng seedless soilless culture method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of Gastrodia elata cultivation, particularly a novel method for soilless cultivation of Gastrodia elata zero-generation seeds, and especially a two-stage soilless cultivation method for Gastrodia elata zero-generation seeds. A clean non-woven fabric is laid on a black plastic film. 0.4-0.6 kg of shredded germination bacteria and 10-18 Gastrodia elata capsules are mixed per square meter of non-woven fabric and promptly and evenly sprinkled onto the fabric. A clean water mist is then sprayed on top, creating a "seed cloth." This forms Gastrodia elata protocorms. Once the Armillaria mellea mycelium has filled the perlite pores, the Gastrodia elata seed cloth can be inoculated. The zero-generation seeds are mainly located on the seed cloth. Removing the seed cloth allows for the harvesting of the Gastrodia elata seeds. Beneficial effects: 1. Real-time sensing and monitoring of the Gastrodia elata growth process, enabling timely remedial measures. 2. Overcoming problems such as limited planting substrate and site selection. 3. Reducing labor input. 4. Reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases. 5. Reducing harm from wild animals. 6. Solving problems associated with factory-style production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Gastrodia elata cultivation, particularly to a novel method for soilless cultivation of Gastrodia elata zero-generation seeds, and especially to a two-stage soilless cultivation method for Gastrodia elata zero-generation seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Gastrodia elata is a higher heterotrophic orchid. The current technology for producing zero-generation seeds of Gastrodia elata involves: in March-April (taking Hanzhong as an example), evenly sprinkling Gastrodia elata pollen onto a shredded germination fungus substrate (mostly made from oak leaves), mixing thoroughly, spraying with a small amount of clean water, then packaging it in a black plastic bag and placing it in a dark place. After 3-5 days, simultaneously sowing the germination fungus and Armillaria mellea, which have been inoculated with Gastrodia elata seeds, around the oak substrate. Covering the gaps between the substrates with sand, and then covering the substrates with 8-15 cm of sand, allows for the production of zero-generation seeds in the forest or wild for about 180 days. This is simply referred to as the "three-stage" (simultaneous sowing of germination fungus, Armillaria mellea, and substrate) technique for Gastrodia elata cultivation. 1. Currently, there are no reports of segmented cultivation of zero-generation seeds of Gastrodia elata.

[0003] 2. There are reports of soilless cultivation of Gastrodia elata, but most of them are artificial formulations with woody cultivation substrates as the main component. This technology only uses perlite as a moisture-retaining and heat-insulating substrate and adds mycelium sticks, and there are no reports of it.

[0004] 3. At present, there is a fact that gastrodia elata production is carried out in facility cultivation, but river sand is used as the heat preservation and moisture retention filling material. There are no reports of facility cultivation using only perlite as the filling material.

[0005] The shortcomings of existing technologies and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0006] 1. The growth process of Gastrodia elata cannot be monitored in real time. After planting Gastrodia elata seeds, along with the germination fungus, Armillaria mellea, and the fungal substrate, and covering them with sand, their growth dynamics cannot be directly observed with the naked eye at any time. In particular, the formation process of the protocorm cannot be fully observed. When the seeds or fungal inoculum have quality problems or encounter unsuitable environments, the seeds may fail to germinate or form protocorms, resulting in "empty nests," requiring timely remedial measures. This technology can promptly and comprehensively identify problems in the production process and take remedial measures, reducing losses in the current year's planting.

[0007] 2. A large amount of sand is required during cultivation. The traditional "three-layer planting" technique for Gastrodia elata requires sand covering. Under greenhouse cultivation conditions, the river sand (soil) needs to be replaced annually to prevent major outbreaks of pests and diseases. However, the cost of using river sand is constantly increasing. This technique is a soilless cultivation method and does not require river sand.

[0008] 3. High labor input. Traditional cultivation of Gastrodia elata requires a large amount of sandy soil. Due to the high density of sandy soil, the planting and harvesting of Gastrodia elata require a large amount of manual labor, with each 667m² plant requiring a significant amount of labor. 2The current method requires 20 workers, increasing the cost of cultivating Gastrodia elata. Soilless cultivation requires lighter materials, significantly reducing labor input and thus improving cultivation efficiency.

[0009] 4. Severe occurrence of pests and diseases. Traditional cultivation techniques for Gastrodia elata use sand as a filling material to retain moisture and warmth. However, sand can introduce pathogens such as pests and weeds, which can harm the production of Gastrodia elata later on, leading to reduced yield and lower quality. Soilless cultivation is clean, hygienic, and easy to manage. The substrate can be replaced with fresh material every year, greatly reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases.

[0010] 5. The damage caused by wild animals is significant. Traditional production of Gastrodia elata seed (first generation) is mostly carried out under forest cover, which is susceptible to damage from wild animals such as wild boars and rats, as well as noxious weeds such as cogongrass and wormwood. Adopting this technology will greatly reduce the degree of damage.

[0011] 6. No multiple generations of production can be achieved within one year. Traditional zero-generation seed production technology is limited by natural conditions and can only produce one generation per year. This technology allows for year-round indoor production, enabling multiple generations and batches of production within a single year. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Purpose of the invention: To provide a more effective two-stage soilless cultivation method for zero-generation seeds of Gastrodia elata, the specific purpose of which is described in the detailed implementation section for several substantial technical effects.

[0013] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0014] A two-stage soilless cultivation method for zero-generation seeds of Gastrodia elata is characterized by the following steps: a clean non-woven fabric is laid on a black plastic film, and 0.4-0.6 kg of shredded germination bacteria and 10-18 Gastrodia elata capsules are mixed and then evenly sprinkled onto the non-woven fabric. A clean water mist is sprayed on the non-woven fabric with a sprayer. Using a bamboo stick as an axis, the non-woven fabric, germination bacteria, and Gastrodia elata seeds on the plastic film are slowly rolled up to make a "seed cloth" and bundled for later use.

[0015] The "seed cloth" is placed on the storage shelf, and the room is kept dark, with the temperature controlled at 23℃-25℃ and the relative humidity at 60%-70%. The room is ventilated for 10 minutes every 7 days. In 30-50 days, the germination fungus and the Gastrodia elata seeds will adhere together with the non-woven cloth to form the Gastrodia elata protocorm.

[0016] A tiered seed production bed is constructed indoors, maintaining complete darkness. The production bed is 1.3 meters wide and 0.3 meters deep, with a perforated drainage material at the bottom. Pre-inoculated (already inoculated with Armillaria mellea and with mycelium beginning to grow) mushroom logs are placed inside the bed, with 0.03-meter gaps between the logs. Perlite granules are filled into the gaps, covering the logs to a total thickness of 0.2-0.25 meters. The temperature is controlled at 21-23℃, and the relative humidity at 60%-65%. Once the Armillaria mellea mycelium has filled the perlite gaps, a "seed cloth" is laid out for inoculation with Gastrodia elata.

[0017] Maintain the production bed temperature at 21℃-23℃ and the relative humidity at 60%-65%. Ventilate the room for 10 minutes every 7 days. The Gastrodia elata bulbs will grow into zero-generation seeds in 120-150 days. The zero-generation seeds are mainly concentrated on the seed cloth. Remove the seed cloth to harvest the Gastrodia elata seeds.

[0018] A further technical solution of the present invention is to use a black plastic film that is 1.2 meters wide and 10 meters long, and cover the film with a clean non-woven fabric that is 1 meter wide and 10 meters long and has a weight of 300-500 grams per square meter.

[0019] A further technical solution of the present invention is to use a sprayer to spray clean water mist to fully wet the germinating bacteria and the non-woven fabric, but without causing water to flow out.

[0020] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the production bed can be built into 3-4 layers as appropriate, with each layer being 0.5 meters high, the layer spacing being 0.2 meters, the total height being 2-2.5 meters, and the length being 5-20 meters.

[0021] A further technical solution of the present invention is that, when inoculating the Gastrodia elata seed cloth, the perlite on the upper layer of the production bed substrate is gently planed to both sides, and the seed cloth is slowly laid flat on the perlite along the direction of the production bed, with the plastic cloth side facing up and the germinating bacteria side down. It is then gently pressed down, and the perlite on both sides is gathered towards the seed cloth.

[0022] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the plastic film is removed when spraying water is needed, and the film is covered after watering is completed, which facilitates moisturizing and prevents the invasion of animals such as rodents.

[0023] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the gastrodia elata bulbs are first cultivated and then combined with the already prepared spawn sticks, and then cultivated together for a period of time, which is a two-stage cultivation method.

[0024] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the seeds of Gastrodia elata grow around the seed cloth, and most of the seeds can be harvested by gently rolling up the seed cloth.

[0025] The present invention, employing the above technical solution, has the following beneficial effects compared to existing technologies: 1. It can perceive and monitor the growth process of Gastrodia elata in real time and take timely remedial measures. 2. It overcomes problems such as limited planting substrate and site selection. 3. It reduces labor input. 4. It reduces the occurrence of pests and diseases. 5. It reduces the harm caused by wild animals. 6. It solves the problems existing in factory production. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To further illustrate the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 Flowchart for the invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Seed cloth for invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is the round bulb of Gastrodia elata;

[0030] Figure 4 These are seeds of Gastrodia elata, generation 0. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0032] This patent provides multiple parallel solutions. The different descriptions indicate that they are either improved versions of the basic solution or parallel solutions. Each solution has its own unique characteristics.

[0033] Detailed description of the technical solution proposed in this application

[0034] 1. Use a 1.2-meter wide and 10-meter long black plastic film. Cover the film with a 1-meter wide and 10-meter long clean non-woven fabric with a density of 300-500 grams per square meter. For each square meter of non-woven fabric, use 0.4-0.6 kg of shredded germination bacteria and 10-18 Gastrodia elata capsules. Mix well and sprinkle evenly onto the non-woven fabric in a timely manner.

[0035] Spray clean water mist with a sprayer to fully saturate the germination bacteria and non-woven fabric, but not to the point of water leakage. Using a 1.3-meter-long bamboo stick as an axis, slowly roll up the non-woven fabric, germination bacteria, and Gastrodia elata seeds on the plastic film, and bundle them for later use (hereinafter referred to as "seed cloth").

[0036] 2. Construct a tiered storage rack indoors, place the rolled-up "seed cloth" on the rack, keep the room dark, maintain a temperature of 23℃-25℃, and a relative humidity of 60%-70%. Ventilate the room for 10 minutes every 7 days. After 30-50 days, the germination fungus, along with the Gastrodia elata seeds, will adhere to the non-woven fabric, forming a Gastrodia elata protocorm.

[0037] 3. Construct a tiered seed production bed indoors, keeping the room dark. The production bed should be 1.3 meters wide and 0.3 meters deep, with a perforated material at the bottom for drainage. Place pre-inoculated (already inoculated with Armillaria mellea and with mycelium beginning to grow) mushroom logs inside the bed, with approximately 0.03 meters between the logs. Fill the gaps with perlite granules, covering the logs completely, for a total thickness of 0.2-0.25 meters. The production bed can be constructed with 3-4 layers, each 0.5 meters high, with a 0.2-meter gap between layers, for a total height of 2-2.5 meters and a length of 5-20 meters. Maintain a temperature of 21-23℃ and a relative humidity of 60%-65%. Once the Armillaria mellea mycelium has completely filled the perlite gaps, lay the "seed cloth" and inoculate the Gastrodia elata.

[0038] 4. Gently plane the perlite on top of the mycelium in the production bed to both sides. Slowly lay the seed cloth flat on top of the perlite along the direction of the production bed, with the plastic sheet side facing up and the germinating bacteria side down. Gently press it down, gathering the perlite from both sides towards the seed cloth. Remove the plastic film when spraying water. After watering, cover with the film to facilitate moisture retention and prevent invasion by rodents and other animals.

[0039] 5. Maintain the production bed temperature at 21℃-23℃ and the relative humidity at 60%-65%. Ventilate the room for 10 minutes every 7 days. The Gastrodia elata bulbs will grow into zero-generation seeds in 120-150 days. These zero-generation seeds are mainly found on the seed cloth; remove the seed cloth to harvest the seeds.

[0040] 1. Two-stage cultivation. The original technique involved planting the germination fungus, Armillaria mellea, and the substrate together underground after inoculating the Gastrodia elata seeds. This technique involves first cultivating the Gastrodia elata bulbs, then combining them with the prepared substrate, and then cultivating them together for a period of time, hence the name two-stage cultivation.

[0041] 2. Soilless cultivation. The original technology used sand as a substrate for heat preservation and moisture retention. This technology is a soilless cultivation method, which only uses lightweight perlite with good moisture retention as a substrate. It is clean, hygienic, easy to purchase, and saves labor in planting and harvesting.

[0042] 3. Labor-saving planting and harvesting. Traditional planting requires covering the mushroom substrate with sand, and harvesting requires digging through the sand and substrate, which is extremely labor-intensive and time-consuming, and may damage the seeds. With this technology, the seeds of Gastrodia elata grow around the seed cloth, and most of the seeds can be harvested by simply rolling up the seed cloth.

[0043] 4. Real-time monitoring of growth dynamics. This technology allows for visual observation of the growth dynamics of Gastrodia elata seeds, facilitating the identification of problems and timely remedial measures.

[0044] 5. Factory-style production. This technology uses indoor vertical cultivation, which facilitates mechanized and intensive production. It does not occupy forests or arable land, and is not restricted by transportation or natural environmental factors. It can realize factory-style production, greatly improve production efficiency, reduce labor costs, and reduce the input of materials such as sand and soil. It can achieve year-round or multi-batch production.

[0045] 1. It can sense and monitor the growth process of Gastrodia elata in real time and take timely remedial measures. The traditional "three-stage planting" technique cannot detect problems in the production process in time and take remedial measures, resulting in planting losses for the entire season. This technology can create optimal growth conditions and achieve factory-scale production by intelligently collecting information from artificial sensing and facility cultivation, and by manually intervening to regulate the cultivation environment.

[0046] 2. Overcoming the limitations of planting substrate and site selection. Traditional Gastrodia elata "three-planting" technique requires sandy soil, thus planting sites are mostly limited to sandy forests or areas around rivers. This technique is soilless cultivation and is not restricted by site selection factors.

[0047] 3. Reduced labor input. Traditional cultivation of Gastrodia elata requires a large amount of sandy soil. Due to the high density of sand and gravel, the planting and harvesting processes require a significant amount of manual labor for handling. For every 667m² of land... 2 It requires about 20 workers, which increases planting costs. By using hydroponics, the materials used are lighter, and the labor input required in production can be reduced by more than 50%, thereby improving planting efficiency.

[0048] 4. Reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases. Traditional cultivation techniques for Gastrodia elata use sand as a filling material to retain moisture and warmth. However, sand can introduce pathogens such as fungal infections, grubs, flea beetles, and weed seeds, which can harm Gastrodia elata production later on, leading to reduced yield and lower quality. Using non-woven fabric and perlite cultivation is cleaner, more hygienic, easier to manage, and allows for annual replacement of the substrate, significantly reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases.

[0049] 5. Reduce damage from wild animals. Traditional production of Gastrodia elata seed (first generation) is mostly carried out under forest cover, which is susceptible to damage from wild animals such as wild boars and rats, as well as noxious weeds such as cogongrass and wormwood. Adopting this technology will greatly reduce the degree of damage.

[0050] 6. Solving problems inherent in factory-scale production. Traditional zero-generation seed production technology is greatly affected by natural conditions. High temperatures, drought, and heavy rainfall in summer, as well as frost damage in spring, autumn, and winter, all significantly impact the production of zero-generation seeds of Gastrodia elata. This technology allows for artificial control of the growth environment indoors, enabling multi-generation and multi-batch production within a single year. 1. This technology has extremely broad prospects in future factory-scale Gastrodia elata cultivation and aligns with the development direction of modern agriculture. 2. In the context of an aging population and increasing emphasis on resource and environmental protection, this technology has enormous development potential and the conditions and foundation for commercial operation.

[0051] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A two-stage Gastrodia elata seedling soilless culture method, characterized in that, The cultivation method includes the following steps:

1. Place clean non-woven fabric on a black plastic film.

2. Use 0.4-0.6 kg of shredded germination bacteria and 10-18 Gastrodia elata capsules per square meter of non-woven fabric.

3. After mixing well, sprinkle the mixture evenly on the non-woven fabric.

4. Spray clean water mist with a sprayer to fully moisten the germination bacteria and non-woven fabric, but not to the point of water overflowing.

5. Use a bamboo stick as an axis to slowly roll up the non-woven fabric, germination bacteria, and Gastrodia elata seeds on the black plastic film to make a "seed cloth" bundle for later use. Place the "seed cloth" on the storage shelf, keep the room dark, control the temperature at 23℃-25℃, and the relative humidity at 60%-70%; ventilate the room for 10 minutes every 7 days. In 30-50 days, the germinating fungus, along with the Gastrodia elata seeds, can adhere to the non-woven fabric to form a Gastrodia elata bulb. Construct tiered hemp seed production beds indoors, keeping the room dark; The production bed is 1.3 meters wide and 0.3 meters deep, with the bottom made of a perforated material for drainage. Pre-inoculated mushroom logs (those already inoculated with Armillaria mellea and whose mycelia have begun to grow) are placed inside the bed, with a 0.03-meter gap between the logs. Perlite granules are filled into the gaps between the logs, covering them completely, with a total thickness of 0.2-0.25 meters. The temperature is controlled at 21-23℃, and the relative humidity is controlled at 60%-65%. Once the Armillaria mellea mycelia have filled the perlite gaps, the "seed cloth" can be laid for inoculation with Gastrodia elata. To inoculate with the Gastrodia elata seed cloth, the perlite on top of the mushroom logs in the production bed is gently planed to the sides. The seed cloth is then slowly laid flat on top of the perlite along the direction of the production bed, with the black plastic film side of the seed cloth facing up and the side with germinating mycelia facing down. It is then gently pressed down, bringing the perlite from both sides towards the seed cloth. Maintain the production bed temperature at 21℃-23℃ and the relative humidity at 60%-65%. Ventilate the room for 10 minutes every 7 days. Remove the black plastic film when spraying water, and cover it again after watering. The round tubers of Gastrodia elata will grow into zero-generation seeds in 120-150 days. The zero-generation seeds are mainly on the seed cloth. Remove the seed cloth to harvest the zero-generation seeds. The seeds can be harvested by gently rolling up the seed cloth.

2. The two-stage Gastrodia elata seedling-free soilless culture method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Use a 1.2-meter wide and 10-meter long black plastic film, and cover it with a 1-meter wide and 10-meter long clean non-woven fabric with a weight of 300-500 grams per square meter.

3. The two-stage Gastrodia elata seedling-free soilless culture method according to claim 1, wherein, The production bed is built with 3-4 layers, each layer is 0.5 meters high, the layer spacing is 0.2 meters, the total height is 2-2.5 meters, and the length is 5-20 meters.

4. A two-stage hydroponics method for zero-generation Gastrodia elata seed cultivation as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, First, cultivate the Gastrodia elata bulbs, then combine them with the prepared mycelium sticks, and then cultivate them together for a period of time, which is a two-stage cultivation method.

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