Metallic gradient composite structure and method of making the same

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of aviation manufacturing, and particularly relates to a metal gradient composite structure and a preparation method thereof. The metal gradient composite structure comprises connected 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layers and 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layers. The metal gradient composite structure preparation method comprises preparing the metal gradient composite structure through an electric arc wire additive manufacturing process, and heat treating the metal gradient composite structure. The metal gradient composite structure and the preparation method thereof prepare two kinds of ultrahigh-strength steels of 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE and 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE into an integral structure through electric arc wire additive manufacturing, and fully exert the performance advantages of the two kinds of materials through gradient heat treatment, so that the gradient composite structure simultaneously has high strength and high toughness, in the structural design, the two kinds of materials can be arranged according to the use requirements, active regulation of the performance is realized, the structural efficiency is improved, and the effect of structure weight reduction and service life prolonging is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of aerospace manufacturing technology, and specifically relates to a metal gradient composite structure and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional aircraft structural components are made of homogeneous materials, resulting in limited performance. Metal gradient composite structures, on the other hand, combine two or more metal materials into a single structure, exhibiting a gradient in mechanical properties. This allows for optimized layout based on structural performance requirements, leveraging the strengths of each material and enabling proactive performance control. This ensures that the best materials are used effectively, improving structural efficiency and achieving weight reduction and increased lifespan.

[0003] Therefore, it is desirable to have a technical solution to overcome or at least mitigate one of the aforementioned defects of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a metal gradient composite structure and its preparation method to solve at least one problem existing in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of this application is:

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a metal gradient composite structure, comprising:

[0007] The metal gradient composite structure includes a connected 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer and a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer.

[0008] In at least one embodiment of this application, the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer is prepared by an electric arc wire additive manufacturing process using 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm.

[0009] In at least one embodiment of this application, the 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer is prepared by an electric arc wire additive manufacturing process using 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm.

[0010] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing a metal gradient composite structure, comprising:

[0011] Step 1: Using the electric arc wire additive manufacturing process, 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2mm is used to prepare a 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer.

[0012] Step 2: Machining the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer to a Ra value of 3.2 or higher;

[0013] Step 3: Using the electric arc wire additive manufacturing process, a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2mm is used to prepare a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer on the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer, thus obtaining a metal gradient composite structure.

[0014] Step 4: Perform heat treatment on the metal gradient composite structure.

[0015] In at least one embodiment of this application, step four, which involves heat-treating the metal gradient composite structure, includes:

[0016] S41. The metal gradient composite structure is subjected to normalizing treatment and first overall heating and tempering treatment in sequence to achieve pre-heat treatment.

[0017] S42. After the preheating treatment is completed, the metal gradient composite structure is subjected to quenching and cold treatment in sequence.

[0018] S43. Within 24 hours after the cold treatment, the metal gradient composite structure is subjected to a second overall heating and tempering treatment.

[0019] S44. After the second tempering treatment, the metal gradient composite structure is subjected to gradient heating tempering treatment.

[0020] In at least one embodiment of this application, in S41,

[0021] Normalizing the metal gradient composite structure includes heating the metal gradient composite structure to 900℃±10℃ and holding it at that temperature for 1 hour before air cooling.

[0022] The first overall heating and tempering treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: heating the metal gradient composite structure to 680℃±10℃ and holding it at that temperature for 16 hours before air cooling.

[0023] In at least one embodiment of this application, in S42,

[0024] The quenching treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: heating the metal gradient composite structure to 885℃±15℃, holding it at that temperature for 1 hour, and then oil cooling it.

[0025] The cold treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: cooling the metal gradient composite structure to -73℃±8℃, and after holding it at that temperature for 1 hour, placing it in the air to restore it to room temperature;

[0026] In at least one embodiment of this application, in S43,

[0027] The second overall heating and tempering treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes heating the metal gradient composite structure to 482℃±3℃ and holding it at that temperature for 5h~8h before air cooling.

[0028] In at least one embodiment of this application, in S44,

[0029] The gradient heating tempering treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: gradient heating of the metal gradient composite structure, wherein the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer is controlled at 0℃, the surface of the 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer is controlled at 510℃±5℃, the temperature between the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer and the surface of the 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer increases in a gradient, and after holding at the temperature for 5h to 8h, it is air-cooled.

[0030] The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] The metal gradient composite structure of this application can simultaneously possess high strength and high toughness in different regions according to the stress distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a metal gradient composite structure according to one embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a gradient heating tempering process according to one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 2 This application will be described in further detail.

[0037] The first aspect of this application provides a metal gradient composite structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the metal gradient composite structure is a two-layer structure, including a connected 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer and a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer.

[0038] The metal gradient composite structure of this application is composed of two materials, 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE and 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE, including a 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer structure and a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer structure, and is prepared by an electric arc wire additive manufacturing process.

[0039] In one embodiment of this application, the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer is prepared by an arc-wire additive manufacturing process using 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm, and the 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer is prepared by an arc-wire additive manufacturing process using 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm.

[0040] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preparing a metal gradient composite structure, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Using the electric arc wire additive manufacturing process, 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2mm is used to prepare a 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer.

[0042] Step 2: Machin the surface of the formed 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer to Ra3.2 (surface roughness) or higher;

[0043] Step 3: Using the electric arc wire additive manufacturing process, a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2mm is used to prepare a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer on the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer, thus obtaining a metal gradient composite structure.

[0044] Step 4: Perform heat treatment on the metal gradient composite structure.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the metal gradient composite structure is subjected to heat treatment, specifically as follows:

[0046] S41. The metal gradient composite structure is subjected to normalizing treatment and first integral heating and tempering treatment in sequence to achieve pre-heat treatment.

[0047] The normalizing treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes heating the metal gradient composite structure to 900℃±10℃ and air cooling after holding it at that temperature for 1 hour.

[0048] The first overall heating and tempering treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes heating the metal gradient composite structure to 680℃±10℃ and holding it at that temperature for 16 hours before air cooling.

[0049] S42. After the preheating treatment, the metal gradient composite structure is subjected to quenching and cold treatment in sequence.

[0050] The quenching treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: heating the metal gradient composite structure to 885℃±15℃ and holding it at that temperature for 1 hour before oil cooling.

[0051] The cold treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: cooling the metal gradient composite structure to -73℃±8℃, and after holding it at that temperature for 1 hour, placing it in the air to restore it to room temperature.

[0052] S43. Within 24 hours after the cold treatment, the metal gradient composite structure shall be subjected to a second integral heating and tempering treatment.

[0053] The second overall heating and tempering treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes heating the metal gradient composite structure to 482℃±3℃ and air cooling after holding it at that temperature for 5h~8h.

[0054] S44. After the second tempering treatment, the metal gradient composite structure is subjected to gradient heating tempering treatment.

[0055] Among them, such as Figure 2As shown, the gradient heating tempering treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: gradient heating of the metal gradient composite structure, wherein the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer is controlled at 0℃, the surface of the 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer is controlled at 510℃±5℃, the temperature between the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer and the surface of the 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer increases in a gradient, and after holding at the temperature for 5h to 8h, it is air cooled.

[0056] The metal gradient composite structure and its preparation method disclosed in this application are prepared by using two ultra-high strength steels, 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE and 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE, to form an integral structure through arc wire additive manufacturing. The performance advantages of the two materials are fully utilized through gradient heat treatment, so that the gradient composite structure has both high strength and high toughness. In the structural design, the two materials can be arranged according to the usage requirements to achieve active control of performance, improve structural efficiency, and achieve the effect of reducing weight and increasing service life.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A metal gradient composite structure, characterized in that, include: The metal gradient composite structure includes a connected 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer and a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer. Methods for preparing metal gradient composite structures include: Step 1: Using the electric arc wire additive manufacturing process, 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2mm is used to prepare a 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer. Step 2: Machining the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer to a Ra value of 3.2 or higher; Step 3: Using the electric arc wire additive manufacturing process, a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE wire with a diameter of 1.2mm is used to prepare a 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer on the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer, thus obtaining a metal gradient composite structure. Step four: Perform heat treatment on the metal gradient composite structure, including: S41. The metal gradient composite structure is subjected to normalizing treatment and first overall heating and tempering treatment in sequence to achieve pre-heat treatment. S42. After the preheating treatment is completed, the metal gradient composite structure is subjected to quenching and cold treatment in sequence. S43. Within 24 hours after the cold treatment, the metal gradient composite structure is subjected to a second overall heating and tempering treatment. S44. After the second tempering treatment, the metal gradient composite structure is subjected to gradient heating tempering treatment. In S44, the gradient heating tempering treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: gradient heating of the metal gradient composite structure, wherein the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer is controlled at 0°C, the surface of the 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer is controlled at 510°C±5°C, the temperature between the surface of the 23Co14Ni12Cr3MoE steel layer and the surface of the 16Co14Ni10Cr2MoE steel layer increases in a gradient, and after holding at the temperature for 5h to 8h, it is air-cooled.

2. The metal gradient composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S41, Normalizing the metal gradient composite structure includes heating the metal gradient composite structure to 900℃±10℃ and holding it at that temperature for 1 hour before air cooling. The first overall heating and tempering treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: heating the metal gradient composite structure to 680℃±10℃ and holding it at that temperature for 16 hours before air cooling.

3. The metal gradient composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S42, The quenching treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: heating the metal gradient composite structure to 885℃±15℃, holding it at that temperature for 1 hour, and then oil cooling it. The cold treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes: cooling the metal gradient composite structure to -73℃±8℃, and after holding it at that temperature for 1 hour, placing it in the air to restore it to room temperature.

4. The metal gradient composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S43, The second overall heating and tempering treatment of the metal gradient composite structure includes heating the metal gradient composite structure to 482℃±3℃ and holding it at that temperature for 5h~8h before air cooling.

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