Large size high carbon high chromium alloy ball quenching oil, method of making and using

Abstract

The application discloses a large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy ball quenching oil, a preparation method and a use method. The quenching oil comprises a cooling accelerator, the cooling accelerator is a mixture of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and polyhydric alcohol ester, the mass ratio is (2-5):(1-2), the mixture is trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonanoate and dipentaerythritol ester, and the mass ratio is (1-3):1. The polyisobutylene maleic anhydride is introduced to replace the original polyisobutylene, so that the boiling point of the quenching oil is reduced, the cooling effect is ensured, the thermal oxidation stability is ensured by the introduced maleic anhydride, the film breaking temperature in the steam film stage is improved, the high-temperature film breaking and the boiling point reduction effects are realized, the internal structure is uniform, the hardness and wear resistance of the ball can be effectively ensured. Since the substance has hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, the'mottling' phenomenon caused by the incomplete cleaning of the ball in the tempering process is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal heat treatment, in particular to a large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball quenching oil, preparation and use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Quenching is the most important process in the heat treatment process. Quenching is a process of heating steel above the critical point, holding for a certain time, and then rapidly cooling in a quenching medium to obtain martensite structure. The purpose of quenching is to increase the hardness and wear resistance of steel, and to obtain good comprehensive mechanical properties of parts. Common quenching media include salt water, water, mineral oil, air, etc.

[0003] Ball mill is widely used in cement, power, mineral processing, building materials and other industries. As the grinding medium in the ball mill, the grinding ball not only needs to have high wear resistance, but also needs to have high toughness. The material of the grinding ball is mostly high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball. The cooling speed needs to be controlled within a reasonable range during quenching, otherwise the core and the working surface will have uneven quenching hardness. Especially for solid grinding balls and hollow grinding balls with a thickness of more than 15 cm, if the cooling speed is too fast, the core cannot effectively dissipate heat in a short time, while the working surface is rapidly cooled by the quenching oil, which causes the working surface to appear a brittle skin phenomenon, and even the brittle skin phenomenon, the core cannot release stress and cannot guarantee the hardness, resulting in that the wear resistance and hardness of the grinding ball cannot be guaranteed.

[0004] After searching:

[0005] Patent No. CN109371209A, published on February 22, 2019, the invention name is a kind of plate spring special quenching oil and its manufacturing method, the invention discloses a kind of plate spring special quenching oil and its manufacturing method, belong to the technical field of metal heat treatment and surface treatment. The composition and the mass fraction of each component of the quenching oil are as follows: refined base oil 25-37 parts, cooling agent 2-4 parts, antioxidant 0.02-0.03 parts, brightener 0.3-0.5 parts, surfactant 0.3-0.5 parts, the cooling agent is a mixture of polyisobutylene and polyol ester.

[0006] Patent No. CN110592337A, published on December 20, 2019, the invention name is a kind of high-chromium alloy cast grinding ball high-temperature isothermal quenching process, isothermal quenching oil includes hydrogen paraffin base lubricating oil, cooling agent, high-temperature antioxidant, brightener, barium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium chloride, wherein the weight ratio of hydrogen paraffin base lubricating oil, cooling agent, high-temperature antioxidant, brightener, barium chloride solution, calcium chloride solution, sodium chloride solution is 40:1:2:4:20:30:40, the addition of brightener is conducive to ensuring the smoothness of the surface of high-chromium alloy cast grinding ball.

[0007] However, the components of the above quenching oil cannot meet the requirements of hardness, structure and wear resistance of high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball products. SUMMARY

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to improve the components of the existing cast ball quenching oil to meet the requirements of hardness, structure and wear resistance of high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball products.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the inventors have summarized and obtained the technical solution of the present application through practice, and the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball quenching oil, characterized in that it comprises a quenching agent, the quenching agent is a mixture of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and polyol ester, the mass ratio is (2-5):(1-2), the mixture is trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonyl acid ester and dipentaerythritol ester, the mass ratio is (1-3):1.

[0011] The inventors first introduced polyisobutylene maleic anhydride to replace the original polyisobutylene, which reduced the boiling point of the quenching oil and ensured the quenching effect. The introduced maleic anhydride can ensure the thermal oxidation stability, increase the film breaking temperature in the steam film stage, and realize high-temperature film breaking and boiling point reduction, so that the internal structure is uniform and consistent, which can effectively ensure the hardness and wear resistance of the cast ball. The inventors creatively introduced this substance, which unexpectedly prolonged the service life of the quenching oil, improved its anti-aging ability and thermal shear ability, inhibited the formation of oil dirt, reduced the waste of quenching oil during the quenching process, reduced the cost, solved the problem of oil mud dispersibility after using the quenching oil for a period of time, maintained the cleanliness of the quenching oil, improved the surface quality of the quenched gear, and had a bright effect. Since the substance has hydrophilic and lipophilic properties, the "mottling" phenomenon caused by incomplete cleaning of the cast ball during the tempering process is reduced.

[0012] Further, it further comprises a secondary hydrogenated base oil, the kinematic viscosity of the secondary hydrogenated base oil is 10-15 mm2 / s, and the acid value is ≤0.1 mgKOH / g.

[0013] Further, it further comprises an antioxidant, the antioxidant comprises a mixture of phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant, and the mass fraction ratio of the phosphonate antioxidant and the phenolic antioxidant is (2-5):1.

[0014] The phosphite antioxidant is combined with phenolic antioxidant and polyisobutylene maleic anhydride, which usually produces a synergistic effect. This synergistic effect can improve the antioxidant effect of the antioxidant, while also reducing the amount of antioxidant used, thereby reducing the environmental impact. They can work together and complement each other to combat harmful substances such as free radicals and peroxides generated during the use of quenching oil. These harmful substances can cause problems such as oxidative degradation and discoloration of the material, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the material. At the same time, using a large amount of phosphite antioxidant and a small amount of phenolic antioxidant can further improve the thermal oxidation stability, and avoid the problem of oil stains and large amount of quenching oil adsorbed on the surface of the casting ball when using methacrylate polymer or amine antioxidant at high temperature.

[0015] Further, the phosphite antioxidant is at least one of triphenyl phosphite, tetra(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-biphenylene diphosphonite, diphenyl alkyl phosphite, and phenyl dialkyl phosphite.

[0016] Further, the phenolic antioxidant is at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol.

[0017] Further, the surface active agent is boronized polyisobutylene succinimide.

[0018] Further, the quenching oil comprises 50-80 parts of secondary hydrogenated base oil, 4-9 parts of quenching agent, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant, and 0.3-0.8 parts of surface active agent.

[0019] A preparation method of a large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy casting ball quenching oil, the preparation steps are as follows:

[0020] 1) Take two-thirds of the total amount of base oil according to the proportion, add 4-9 parts of quenching agent and mix uniformly at a temperature of 40-55°C and under an inert gas atmosphere to obtain quenching oil A liquid;

[0021] 2) Take half of the remaining amount of refined base oil according to the proportion, add 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant and mix uniformly at a temperature of 30-45°C and under an inert gas atmosphere to obtain quenching oil B liquid;

[0022] 3) Take half of the remaining amount of refined base oil according to the proportion, add 0.3-0.8 parts of surface active agent and mix uniformly at a temperature of 30-45°C and under an inert gas atmosphere to obtain quenching oil C liquid;

[0023] 4) while stirring, quenching oil B and quenching oil C are simultaneously added into quenching oil A, the adding speed of quenching oil C is 1-2 times of that of quenching oil B, the adding speed of quenching oil C is (0.2-0.4) parts / min, and the adding process is still under the inert gas atmosphere;

[0024] After quenching oil B and quenching oil C are completely added, cooling to room temperature to obtain the large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy ball quenching oil.

[0025] Further, the stirring speed of step 1) is 150-200 rpm, the stirring speed of step 2) is 120-180 rpm, the stirring speed of step 3) is 120-180 rpm, and the stirring speed of step 4) is 200-250 rpm.

[0026] Further, the cooling speed when cooling to room temperature in step 4) is 2-5 ℃ / min.

[0027] The use method of the large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy ball quenching oil, the use steps are as follows:

[0028] The alloy ball is heated to 780-820 ℃, the alloy ball workpiece is placed in the quenching oil tank under a closed and inert gas atmosphere, and the internal quenching oil is stirred, turned and rotated, and the alloy ball is quenched and cooled;

[0029] The quenching oil tank is provided with a driving disc, a driving roller and a driven roller are arranged on the driving disc, a driving bevel gear is installed in the driving disc, a servo motor is installed outside the quenching oil tank to rotate the driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear is installed at one end of the driving roller and the driven roller, and the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are meshed.

[0030] For hollow alloy balls, the surface of the hollow alloy ball has a process hole, a drainage pipe is arranged in the middle of the driving bevel gear, one end of the drainage pipe is inserted into the alloy ball, the other end is connected with a circulating pump, the circulating pump is located outside the quenching oil tank, the other oil port of the circulating pump is connected with a circulating pipe, and the circulating pipe is inserted into the quenching oil tank away from the quenching oil surface of the alloy ball;

[0031] A movable closure is arranged at the top of the quenching oil tank, a lifter is arranged at the top of the inner side of the movable closure, the lifter is suitable for lowering the alloy ball, a gas exchange pipe one and a gas exchange pipe two are arranged on the movable closure, the gas exchange pipe one is suitable for introducing inert gas, the gas exchange pipe two is suitable for leading out air when inert gas is introduced, an oil fume condensation recovery structure is arranged at the top of the movable closure, the condensation recovery structure comprises a plurality of condensation plates and a condenser suitable for providing a cooling atmosphere for the condensation plates and the atmosphere around the condensation plates, the bottom of each condensation plate is provided with a collection box, and the collection box is suitable for collecting quenching oil and introducing it into the quenching oil tank;

[0032] In use, the alloy casting ball hung by the lifter in the movable enclosure is adjusted to be located at the top of the quenching oil tank, so that the movable enclosure and the quenching oil tank are in a closed state, inert gas is introduced through the air exchange pipe one and air is discharged through the air exchange pipe two, so that the movable enclosure is in an inert gas atmosphere;

[0033] The lifter drives the alloy casting ball to be lowered to contact the driving roller and the driven roller, in the lowering process, the flow guide pipe is inserted into the inside of the alloy casting ball, and at the same time, the inside of the quenching oil tank is stirred to be opened, after the lowering work is completed, the servo motor is started to drive the driving roller and the driven roller to rotate, and at the same time, the circulating pump pumps the quenching oil into the inside of the alloy casting ball through the circulating pipe and the introduction pipe, the free end of the introduction pipe is provided with a plurality of dispersion branch pipes which are distributed in a circumferential direction at equal intervals, and the inclination directions of the dispersion branch pipes are consistent.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The inventor introduces polyisobutylene maleic anhydride as a cooling catalyst in the quenching oil, so that it has the chemical properties of polyisobutylene and maleic anhydride, improves the high-temperature stability and adhesion while having the cooling effect, and further improves the film breaking temperature in the steam film stage, and also realizes boiling reduction because the boiling point of the substance is lower than that of the original cooling catalyst, so that the casting ball is effectively and reasonably cooled, the brittle skin phenomenon on the surface is prevented, and finally the core quenching structure of the casting ball is uniform and consistent, and the surface has excellent resistance and brightness. Reduce or even replace the use of brightener, if too much high polymer is added in the quenching oil, the viscosity ratio will increase, too much high polymer additive will affect the quenching effect of the quenching oil and shorten the service life, and discoloration and oil dirt are easy to appear.

[0036] The inventor introduces this kind of substance creatively, which unexpectedly prolongs the service life of the quenching oil, improves its anti-aging ability and thermal shear ability, inhibits the generation of oil dirt, reduces the waste of quenching oil in the quenching process, reduces the cost, solves the problem of oil mud dispersibility after the quenching oil is used for a period of time, maintains the cleaning performance of the quenching oil, improves the surface quality of the quenched gear, and also has a brightening effect. Because the substance has hydrophilic and lipophilic properties, the "mottling" phenomenon caused by incomplete cleaning of the parts during the tempering process is reduced.

[0037] The phosphite antioxidant is combined with phenolic antioxidant and polyisobutylene maleic anhydride, and generally produces a synergistic effect. This synergistic effect can improve the antioxidant effect of the antioxidant, and also can reduce the amount of the antioxidant, thereby reducing the impact on the environment. They can work together and complement each other to resist harmful substances such as free radicals and peroxides generated during the use of quenching oil. These harmful substances can cause problems such as oxidative degradation and discoloration of the material, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the material. At the same time, using a large amount of phosphite antioxidant and a small amount of phenolic antioxidant can further improve the thermal oxidation stability, and avoid the problems of oil stains and large amount of quenching oil adsorbed on the surface of the casting ball when using methacrylate polymer or amine antioxidant at high temperature.

[0038] In summary, the application of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride in the field of quenching oil is a bold attempt by the inventor. The polyisobutylene maleic anhydride used in the present application is mainly synthesized by heating polyisobutylene and maleic anhydride as raw materials. It not only maintains the excellent cooling performance of polyisobutylene quenching oil, but also introduces maleic anhydride to make the quenching oil have high temperature stability and adhesion effect at high temperature, improve the film breaking temperature, prevent the brittle skin phenomenon caused by rapid cooling, especially the surface position is prone to cracks due to rapid cooling, and improve the low temperature cleaning performance to ensure the cleanliness of the casting ball surface and reduce the residual quenching oil on the working surface to prevent the occurrence of tempering speckle phenomenon. It is also used in combination with phosphite antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant to reduce the use of antioxidant, and at the same time, to resist harmful substances such as free radicals and peroxides generated during the use of quenching oil.

[0039] The inventor found that polyisobutylene maleic anhydride must be used in combination with a certain proportion of phosphite antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant to exhibit excellent performance. During the experiment, the inventor tried to replace the phosphite antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant in the present application with other types of antioxidants, such as amine and phenolic antioxidants or amine and phosphite antioxidants or methacrylate polymer antioxidant combined with one or more of amine, phenolic antioxidant, and phosphite antioxidant. However, the results were not satisfactory, which may be due to the special reaction of amine antioxidant and methacrylate polymer antioxidant at high temperature caused by the introduction of maleic anhydride, resulting in the failure of these antioxidants.

[0040] By adding a reasonable amount of trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonyl acid ester and dipentaerythritol ester, the cooling temperature can be accurately and reasonably controlled, thereby being suitable for quenching work of casting balls of different sizes.

[0041] The quenching oil tank and the movable sealing cover used in cooperation can quench in a closed and inert atmosphere, prevent the quenching oil from losing seriously, prevent the alloy cast ball workpiece surface from being oxidized during contacting air, rotate the alloy cast ball through the added introduction pipe, circulating pump, circulating pipe, driving roller and bevel gear transmission structure, pump the quenching oil into the interior, and disperse and mix in the interior in the form of vortex, ensure that the quenching oil temperature is uniformly distributed and cooling consistency is ensured, and the phenomenon that the internal temperature of the alloy cast ball cannot be reduced in time to cause that the internal structure does not meet the expectation and even micro-cracks occur is avoided, and the quenching hardness is ensured to be uniform and consistent inside and outside. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 It is an internal structure schematic view of the quenching oil tank of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of A in the middle;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the oil fume condensation recovery structure of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a top view structure schematic view of the dispersion pipe of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a top view structure schematic view of the driving disc of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The secondary hydrogenation base oil of the present application is purchased from CNOOC Huizhou Petrochemical Co., Ltd., and the code is N10.

[0049] A large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball quenching oil, comprising:

[0050] The quenching agent is a mixture of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and polyol ester, and the mass ratio is (2-5):(1-2). The mixture is trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonanoate and dipentaerythritol ester, and the mass ratio is (1-3):1.

[0051] The secondary hydrogenation base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 10-15 mm2 / s and an acid value of ≤0.1 mgKOH / g.

[0052] Antioxidant, the antioxidant includes phosphonate antioxidant, the mixture of phenolic antioxidant, the mass fraction ratio of phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant is (2-5) :1;Phosphonate antioxidant is at least one of triphenyl phosphite, tetra (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4, 4'-biphenylene diphosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphite, phenyl dialkyl phosphite;Phenolic antioxidant is at least one of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4, 6-dimethylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol.

[0053] Surfactant, the surfactant is boronized polyisobutylene succinimide. Boronized polyisobutylene succinimide also exhibits chilling effect, when using the mixture of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and boronized polyisobutylene succinimide as a chiller, the chilling effect can be further improved, the cooling capacity of quenching oil can be further improved, which is suitable for more stringent product quenching, improves the intermolecular binding force with polyisobutylene maleic anhydride, and the cooling capacity of quenching oil can be accurately controlled by adjusting the compounding ratio of the two.

[0054] The quenching oil is composed of 50-80 parts of secondary hydrogenated base oil, 4-9 parts of chiller, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant and 0.3-0.8 parts of surfactant.

[0055] Preparation method, the preparation steps are as follows:

[0056] 1) The total amount of base oil is two-thirds of the total amount, 4-9 parts of chiller is added and mixed uniformly under the condition of 40-55 DEG C temperature and inert gas atmosphere, the stirring speed is 150-200 rpm, quenching oil A liquid is obtained;

[0057] 2) Half of the remaining amount of refined base oil is weighed according to the proportion, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant is added and mixed uniformly under the condition of 30-45 DEG C temperature and inert gas atmosphere, the stirring speed is 120-180 rpm, quenching oil B liquid is obtained;

[0058] 3) Half of the remaining amount of refined base oil is weighed according to the proportion, 0.3-0.8 parts of surfactant is added and mixed uniformly under the condition of 30-45 DEG C temperature and inert gas atmosphere, the stirring speed is 120-180 rpm, quenching oil C liquid is obtained;

[0059] 4) Quenching oil B liquid and quenching oil C liquid are added dropwise into quenching oil A liquid at the same time under stirring, the stirring speed is 200-250 rpm, the dropwise adding speed of quenching oil C liquid is 1-2 times that of quenching oil B liquid, the dropwise adding speed of quenching oil C liquid is (0.2-0.4) parts / min, the dropwise adding process is still under inert gas atmosphere;

[0060] After the quenching oil B liquid and quenching oil C liquid are added, the temperature is cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 2-5℃ / min to obtain the large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball quenching oil.

[0061] Example 1: A large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball quenching oil, comprising:

[0062] The quenching agent is a mixture of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and polyol ester, with a mass ratio of 3:1, and the mixture is trimethylolpropane tris-n-nonanoate and dipentaerythritol ester, with a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0063] The secondary hydrogenation base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 10-15mm2 / s and an acid value of ≤0.1mgKOH / g.

[0064] The antioxidant comprises a mixture of phosphite antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant, with a mass fraction ratio of 3:1; the phosphite antioxidant is at least one of triphenyl phosphite, tetra(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-biphenylene diphosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphite, and phenyl dialkyl phosphite, preferably diphenyl alkyl phosphite and phenyl dialkyl phosphite, with a mass ratio of 1:1; the phenolic antioxidant is at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, with a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0065] The surfactant is boronized polyisobutylene succinimide.

[0066] The quenching oil comprises 60 parts of secondary hydrogenation base oil, 5 parts of quenching agent, 0.8 parts of antioxidant, and 0.3 parts of surfactant.

[0067] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0068] 1) Weigh two-thirds of the total amount of base oil, add 5 parts of quenching agent and mix uniformly at a temperature of 40-55℃ and under an inert gas atmosphere, with a stirring speed of 150-200rpm, to obtain quenching oil A liquid;

[0069] 2) Weigh half of the remaining amount of refined base oil, add 0.8 parts of antioxidant and mix uniformly at a temperature of 30-45℃ and under an inert gas atmosphere, with a stirring speed of 120-180rpm, to obtain quenching oil B liquid;

[0070] 3) Weigh the remaining half of the refined base oil, add 0.3 parts of surfactant at a temperature of 30-45℃ and keep it in an inert gas atmosphere, and mix it evenly at a stirring speed of 120-180 rpm to obtain quenched oil C liquid;

[0071] 4) While stirring, simultaneously drop quenched oil B liquid and quenched oil C liquid into quenched oil A liquid at a stirring speed of 200-250 rpm, the dropping speed of quenched oil C liquid is twice that of quenched oil B liquid, the dropping speed of quenched oil C liquid is 0.2 parts / min, and the dropping process is still kept in an inert gas atmosphere;

[0072] After the addition of quenched oil B liquid and quenched oil C liquid is completed, cool it to room temperature at a cooling speed of 4℃ / min to obtain the quenched oil for large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball.

[0073] The application of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride in the field of quenching oil is a bold attempt by the inventor. The polyisobutylene maleic anhydride used in the present application is mainly synthesized by thermal synthesis of polyisobutylene and maleic anhydride. It not only maintains the excellent cooling performance of polyisobutylene quenching oil, but also improves the high-temperature stability and adhesion effect of the quenching oil at high temperature, increases the film breaking temperature, prevents the brittle skin phenomenon caused by rapid cooling, especially the cracks caused by rapid cooling on the surface, improves the low-temperature cleaning performance of the quenching oil, and also cooperates with phosphonate antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants for use, reduces the use of antioxidants, and at the same time, jointly resists the harmful substances such as free radicals and peroxides generated during the use of quenching oil. Due to the hydrophilic and lipophilic nature of the substance, the cleanliness of the surface of the cast ball is ensured, the residual quenching oil on the working surface is reduced, and the retempering speckle phenomenon is eliminated, and there are no cracks in the flaw detection.

[0074] The inventor found during the research that polyisobutylene maleic anhydride must be used in combination with a certain proportion of phosphonate antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants to exhibit excellent performance. During the experiment, the inventor tried to replace the phosphonate antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants in the present application with other types of antioxidants, such as amine and phenolic antioxidants or amine and phosphonate antioxidants or methacrylate polymer antioxidants combined with one or more of amine, phenolic antioxidant, and phosphonate antioxidant, but found that the effect was not ideal. The reason may be that the introduction of maleic anhydride at high temperature causes special reactions of amine antioxidants and methacrylate polymer antioxidants, resulting in the failure of these antioxidants. By adding a reasonable amount of trimethylolpropane tris-n-nonyl acid ester and dipentaerythritol ester, the cooling temperature can be accurately and reasonably controlled, and thus it is suitable for quenching work of cast balls of different sizes.

[0075] After continuous use for half a year, the cooling performance is tested again, and the test temperature is still from 860℃, at this time, the maximum cooling speed Vmax of the quenching oil in the high temperature zone above 380℃ is 102.2℃ / s, and the corresponding cooling temperature TVmax is 611.2℃, the cooling speed when cooled to 280℃ is 7.34℃ / s, and the time from 860℃ to 600℃ is only 6.23s, the time from 860℃ to 380℃ is 10.01s, and the time from 860℃ to 200℃ is 39.56s, it can be seen that the addition of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride effectively prolongs the service life of the quenching oil, and the quenching oil is suitable for long-term use under harsh conditions of high temperature and continuous operation. At the same time, the color of the quenching oil at room temperature is slightly changed, and the traditional quenching oil has turned brown.

[0076] Example 2: A large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball quenching oil, comprising:

[0077] The quenching agent is a mixture of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and polyol ester, and the mass ratio is 4:1, and the mixture is trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonanoate and dipentaerythritol ester, and the mass ratio is (1-3):1.

[0078] The secondary hydrogenation base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 10-15mm2 / s and an acid value of ≤0.1mgKOH / g.

[0079] The antioxidant includes a mixture of phosphite antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant, and the mass fraction ratio of the phosphite antioxidant and the phenolic antioxidant is 3:1; the phosphite antioxidant is at least one of triphenyl phosphite, tetra(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-biphenylene diphosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphite, and phenyl dialkyl phosphite, preferably diphenyl alkyl phosphite and phenyl dialkyl phosphite, and the mass ratio is 1:1; the phenolic antioxidant is at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, and the mass ratio is 1:1.

[0080] The surfactant is boronized polyisobutylene succinimide.

[0081] The quenching oil comprises 80 parts of secondary hydrogenation base oil, 7 parts of quenching agent, 1.0 part of antioxidant, and 0.4 part of surfactant.

[0082] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0083] 1) Weighing the base oil of two-thirds of the total amount, adding 7 parts of the quenching agent and mixing evenly at a temperature of 40-55°C and under an inert gas atmosphere, with a stirring speed of 150-200 rpm, to obtain quenching oil A liquid;

[0084] 2) Weighing the remaining half of the refined base oil, adding 1.0 parts of the antioxidant and mixing evenly at a temperature of 30-45°C and under an inert gas atmosphere, with a stirring speed of 120-180 rpm, to obtain quenching oil B liquid;

[0085] 3) Weighing the remaining half of the refined base oil, adding 0.4 parts of the surfactant and mixing evenly at a temperature of 30-45°C and under an inert gas atmosphere, with a stirring speed of 120-180 rpm, to obtain quenching oil C liquid;

[0086] 4) Simultaneously adding quenching oil B liquid and quenching oil C liquid into quenching oil A liquid while stirring, with a stirring speed of 200-250 rpm, the dropping speed of quenching oil C liquid being twice that of quenching oil B liquid, and the dropping speed of quenching oil C liquid being 0.4 parts / min, the dropping process still being under an inert gas atmosphere;

[0087] After quenching oil B liquid and quenching oil C liquid are completely added, cooling to room temperature at a cooling speed of 4°C / min, to obtain the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball.

[0088] The application of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride in the field of quenching oil is a bold attempt by the inventor. The polyisobutylene maleic anhydride used in the application is mainly synthesized by thermal synthesis of polyisobutylene and maleic anhydride. It not only maintains the superior cooling performance of quenching oil due to polyisobutylene, but also has high-temperature stability and adhesion effect at high temperature due to the introduction of maleic anhydride, which improves the film breaking temperature and prevents the brittle skin phenomenon caused by rapid cooling, especially the cracks caused by rapid cooling on the surface. The low-temperature detergency of the quenching oil is improved. In addition, phosphonate antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants are used together to reduce the use of antioxidants and to jointly resist harmful substances such as free radicals and peroxides generated during the use of quenching oil. Due to the hydrophilic and lipophilic nature of the substance, the cleanliness of the surface of the cast ball is ensured, the residual quenching oil on the working surface is reduced, and the retempering speckle phenomenon is eliminated, and no cracks are found in the flaw detection.

[0089] The inventors found in the research process that polyisobutylene maleic anhydride must be used with a certain proportion of phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant to exert its excellent performance. In the experiment, the inventors tried to replace the phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant in the application with other types of antioxidants, such as amine and phenolic antioxidant or amine and phosphonate antioxidant or methacrylate polymer antioxidant combined with one or more of amine, phenolic antioxidant, and phosphonate antioxidant, but found that the effect was not ideal. The reason may be that the introduction of maleic anhydride causes special reactions of amine antioxidant and methacrylate polymer antioxidant at high temperatures, resulting in the failure of these antioxidants. By adding a reasonable amount of trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonyl acid ester and dipentaerythritol ester, the cooling temperature can be accurately and reasonably controlled, thereby being suitable for quenching work of cast balls of different sizes.

[0090] After half a year of continuous use, the cooling performance was tested again. The test temperature was still started from 860℃. At this time, the maximum cooling speed Vmax of the quenching oil in the high temperature zone above 380℃ was 101.2℃ / s, and the corresponding cooling temperature TVmax was 608.6℃. When cooled to 280℃, the cooling speed was 7.31℃ / s. The time for cooling from 860℃ to 600℃ was only 6.21s, the time for cooling to 380℃ was 10.03s, and the time for cooling to 200℃ was 39.53s. It can be seen that the addition of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride effectively prolongs the service life of the quenching oil, and the quenching oil is suitable for long-term use under harsh conditions of high temperature and continuous operation. At the same time, the color of the quenching oil at room temperature is slightly changed, and the traditional quenching oil has turned brown.

[0091] Example 3: A large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball quenching oil, comprising:

[0092] The quenching agent is a mixture of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and polyol ester, with a mass ratio of 5:2. The mixture is trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonyl acid ester and dipentaerythritol ester, with a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0093] The secondary hydrogenated base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 10-15mm2 / s and an acid value of ≤0.1mgKOH / g.

[0094] Antioxidant, the antioxidant includes phosphonate antioxidant, the mixture of phenolic antioxidant, the mass fraction ratio of phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant is 4:1;Phosphonate antioxidant is at least one of triphenyl phosphite, tetra (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4, 4'-biphenylene diphosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphite, phenyldialkyl phosphite, preferably diphenyl alkyl phosphite, phenyldialkyl phosphite, mass ratio is 1:1;Phenolic antioxidant is at least one of 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4, 6-dimethylphenol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, preferably 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4, 6-dimethylphenol, mass ratio is 1:1.

[0095] Surfactant, the surfactant is boronized polyisobutylene succinimide.

[0096] The quenching oil, its composition and the mass fraction of each component are 70 parts of secondary hydrogenation base oil, 6 parts of quenching agent, 0.8 parts of antioxidant, and 0.3 parts of surfactant.

[0097] Preparation method, the preparation steps are as follows:

[0098] 1) Take two-thirds of the total amount of base oil according to the proportion, add 6 parts of quenching agent and mix uniformly at a temperature of 40℃-55℃ and keep in an inert gas atmosphere, the stirring speed is 150-200rpm, to obtain quenching oil A liquid;

[0099] 2) Take half of the remaining amount of refined base oil according to the proportion, add 0.8 parts of antioxidant and mix uniformly at a temperature of 30℃-45℃ and keep in an inert gas atmosphere, the stirring speed is 120-180rpm, to obtain quenching oil B liquid;

[0100] 3) Take half of the remaining amount of refined base oil according to the proportion, add 0.3 parts of surfactant and mix uniformly at a temperature of 30℃-45℃ and keep in an inert gas atmosphere, the stirring speed is 120-180rpm, to obtain quenching oil C liquid;

[0101] 4) While stirring, quenching oil B liquid and quenching oil C liquid are added dropwise into quenching oil A liquid at the same time, the stirring speed is 200-250rpm, the dropwise adding speed of quenching oil C liquid is 2 times that of quenching oil B liquid, the dropwise adding speed of quenching oil C liquid is 0.3 parts / min, and the dropwise adding process is still kept in an inert gas atmosphere;

[0102] After quenching oil B liquid and quenching oil C liquid are added, cool to room temperature at a cooling speed of 5℃ / min to obtain the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball.

[0103] The application of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride in the field of quenching oil is a bold attempt of the inventor. The polyisobutylene maleic anhydride used in the application is mainly synthesized by heat synthesis of polyisobutylene and maleic anhydride. The polyisobutylene maleic anhydride not only makes the quenching oil have excellent cooling performance, but also makes the quenching oil have high-temperature stability and adhesion effect at high temperature, improves the film breaking temperature, prevents the phenomenon of brittle skin caused by rapid cooling, especially the surface position is prone to cracks due to rapid cooling, improves the low-temperature cleaning performance of the quenching oil, and also cooperates with phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant for use, reduces the use of antioxidants, and at the same time, jointly resists harmful substances such as free radicals and peroxides generated during the use of quenching oil. Due to the hydrophilic and lipophilic nature of the substance, the cleanliness of the surface of the cast ball is ensured, the residual quenching oil on the working surface is reduced, and the retempering speckle phenomenon is prevented, and no cracks are found in the flaw detection.

[0104] The inventor found that the polyisobutylene maleic anhydride must be used with a certain proportion of phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant to exhibit excellent performance. In the experiment, the inventor tried to replace the phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant in the application with other types of antioxidants, such as amine and phenolic antioxidant or amine and phosphonate antioxidant or methacrylate polymer antioxidant combined with one or more of amine, phenolic antioxidant and phosphonate antioxidant, but found that the effect was not ideal. The reason may be that the introduction of maleic anhydride causes special reactions of amine antioxidant and methacrylate polymer antioxidant at high temperatures, resulting in the failure of these antioxidants. By adding a reasonable amount of trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonyl acid ester and dipentaerythritol ester, the cooling temperature can be accurately and reasonably controlled, and thus it is suitable for quenching work of cast balls of different sizes.

[0105] After half a year of continuous use, the cooling performance was tested again. The test temperature was still from 860℃. At this time, the maximum cooling speed Vmax of the quenching oil in the high-temperature zone above 380℃ was 101.1℃ / s, and the corresponding cooling temperature TVmax was 611.2℃. When cooled to 280℃, the cooling speed was 7.24℃ / s. The time from 860℃ to 600℃ was only 6.23s, the time from 860℃ to 380℃ was 10.09s, and the time from 860℃ to 200℃ was 39.58s. It can be seen that the addition of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride effectively prolongs the service life of the quenching oil, and the quenching oil is suitable for long-term use under harsh conditions of high temperature and continuous operation. At the same time, the color of the quenching oil at room temperature is slightly changed, and the traditional quenching oil has turned brown.

[0106] Example 4: A large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball quenching oil, comprising:

[0107] Chilling agent, the chilling agent is a mixture of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and polyol ester, the mass ratio is 5:1, the mixture is trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonanoate and dipentaerythritol ester, the mass ratio is 1:1.

[0108] Secondary hydrogenated base oil, the kinematic viscosity of the secondary hydrogenated base oil is 10-15 mm2 / s, and the acid value is ≤0.1 mgKOH / g.

[0109] Antioxidant, the antioxidant includes a mixture of phosphite antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant, the mass fraction ratio of the phosphite antioxidant and the phenolic antioxidant is 5:1; the phosphite antioxidant is at least one of triphenyl phosphite, tetra(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) 4,4'-biphenylene diphosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphite, and phenyldialkyl phosphite, preferably diphenyl alkyl phosphite and phenyldialkyl phosphite, the mass ratio is 1:1; the phenolic antioxidant is at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, preferably 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, the mass ratio is 1:1.

[0110] Surfactant, the surfactant is boronized polyisobutylene succinimide.

[0111] The quenching oil, the composition and the mass fraction of each component are 80 parts of secondary hydrogenated base oil, 7 parts of chilling agent, 0.8 parts of antioxidant, and 0.3 parts of surfactant.

[0112] Preparation method, the preparation steps are as follows:

[0113] 1) Weigh two-thirds of the total amount of base oil, add 7 parts of chilling agent and mix uniformly at a temperature of 40-55°C and under an inert gas atmosphere, the stirring speed is 150-200 rpm, to obtain quenching oil A liquid;

[0114] 2) Weigh half of the remaining amount of refined base oil, add 0.8 parts of antioxidant and mix uniformly at a temperature of 30-45°C and under an inert gas atmosphere, the stirring speed is 120-180 rpm, to obtain quenching oil B liquid;

[0115] 3) Weigh half of the remaining amount of refined base oil, add 0.3 parts of surfactant and mix uniformly at a temperature of 30-45°C and under an inert gas atmosphere, the stirring speed is 120-180 rpm, to obtain quenching oil C liquid;

[0116] 4) while stirring, quenching oil B and quenching oil C are simultaneously added into quenching oil A, the stirring speed is 200-250 rpm, the dropwise adding speed of quenching oil C is 2 times of that of quenching oil B, the dropwise adding speed of quenching oil C is 0.3 parts / min, and the dropwise adding process is still kept in the inert gas atmosphere;

[0117] After quenching oil B and quenching oil C are completely added, cooling is performed to room temperature at a cooling speed of 4 ℃ / min to obtain the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy cast ball.

[0118] The application of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride in the field of quenching oil is a bold attempt of the inventor. The polyisobutylene maleic anhydride used in the application is mainly synthesized by thermal synthesis of polyisobutylene and maleic anhydride as raw materials. The polyisobutylene maleic anhydride not only maintains the excellent cooling performance of quenching oil due to polyisobutylene, but also has high-temperature stability and adhesion effect at high temperature due to the introduction of maleic anhydride, thereby improving the film breaking temperature and preventing the brittle skin phenomenon caused by rapid cooling. In particular, the surface position is prone to cracks due to rapid cooling. The low-temperature detergency of the quenching oil is improved. The phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant are used together to reduce the use of antioxidants and to jointly resist harmful substances such as free radicals and peroxides generated during the use of quenching oil. Due to the hydrophilic and lipophilic nature of the substance, the cleanliness of the surface of the cast ball is ensured, the residual quenching oil on the working surface is reduced, and the retempering speckle phenomenon is eliminated, and no cracks are found in the flaw detection.

[0119] The inventor found during the research that the polyisobutylene maleic anhydride must be used with a certain proportion of phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant to exhibit excellent performance. During the experiment, the inventor tried to replace the phosphonate antioxidant and phenolic antioxidant in the application with other types of antioxidants, such as amine and phenolic antioxidants or amine and phosphonate antioxidants or methacrylate polymer antioxidant combined with one or more of amine, phenolic antioxidant, and phosphonate antioxidant. However, the effect was not ideal. The reason may be that the introduction of maleic anhydride causes special reactions of amine antioxidants and methacrylate polymer antioxidants at high temperatures, resulting in the failure of these antioxidants. By adding a reasonable amount of trimethylolpropane tris-n-nonyl acid ester and dipentaerythritol ester, the cooling temperature can be accurately and reasonably controlled, thereby being suitable for quenching work of cast balls of different sizes.

[0120] After continuous use for half a year, the cooling performance is tested again, and the test temperature is still from 860 DEG C, at this time, the maximum cooling speed Vmax of the quenching oil in the high temperature area above 380 DEG C is 102.3 DEG C / s, at this time, the corresponding cooling temperature TVmax is 612.1 DEG C, when the cooling speed is 7.34 DEG C / s when cooling to 280 DEG C, and the time for cooling from 860 DEG C to 600 DEG C is only 6.27 s, the time for cooling to 380 DEG C is 10.05 s, and the time for cooling to 200 DEG C is 39.61 s, it can be seen that the addition of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride effectively prolongs the service life of the quenching oil, and the quenching oil is suitable for long-term use under harsh conditions of high temperature and continuous operation. At the same time, the color of the quenching oil at room temperature is slightly observed, and the traditional quenching oil has become brown.

[0121] The comparative example adopts the proportioning and configuration method of CN110592337A.

[0122] In summary, the cast ball after quenching and tempering by the quenching oil of the application is taken as the experimental group, the comparative example is taken as the control group, and the cast ball of the control group and the cast ball of the application examples 1-4 are compared. Under the same conditions, the index data of each item is as follows:

[0123] Hardness (HRC) Impact value AK (J / CM2) Drop ball impact fatigue life (times) Example 1 63 3.5 12500 Example 2 62 3.4 12550 Example 3 63 3.5 12570 Example 4 62 3.4 12530 Comparative Example 49 2.2 8000

[0124] The cooling performance, thermal oxidation stability and surface state of the cast ball after quenching of the quenching oil are comprehensively evaluated by using SH / T0219 thermal treatment oil thermal oxidation stability test method, SH / T0220 thermal treatment oil cooling performance test method and thermal treatment oil brightness determination method.

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] Compared with the comparative example 1, any one of the examples 1-4 has lower carbon residue increase, lower viscosity ratio, but almost equivalent brightness.

[0128] The technical solutions in the examples of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the examples of the application. Obviously, the described examples are only part of the examples of the application, not all examples.

[0129] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0130] As shown in Figures 1 to 6 A method for using a large-size high-carbon high-chromium alloy ball quenching oil, the use steps are as follows:

[0131] The alloy ball is heated to 780-820 DEG C, and the alloy ball workpiece is placed in the quenching oil tank in a closed and inert gas atmosphere, while the internal stirring of the quenching oil tank is started, the internal quenching oil is turned up and down and inside and outside, and the alloy ball is rotated for quenching and cooling treatment;

[0132] The quenching oil tank 1 is provided with a driving disc 2, the driving disc 2 is provided with a driving roller 3 and a driven roller 4, the inside of the driving disc 2 is provided with a driving bevel gear 5, the outside of the quenching oil tank 1 is provided with a servo motor 6 which drives the driving bevel gear 5 to rotate, one end of the driving roller 3 and the driven roller 4 is provided with a driven bevel gear 7, the driving bevel gear 5 and the driven bevel gear 7 are engaged;

[0133] For hollow alloy ball, the surface of the hollow alloy ball generally has process holes, the middle part of the driving bevel gear 5 is provided with a drainage pipe 8, one end of the drainage pipe 8 is inserted into the alloy ball, the other end is connected with a circulating pump 9, the circulating pump 9 is located outside the quenching oil tank 1, the other oil port of the circulating pump 9 is connected with a circulating pipe 10, the circulating pipe 10 is inserted into the quenching oil tank 1 away from the alloy ball;

[0134] The top of the quenching oil tank 1 is provided with a movable sealing cover 12, the inside top of the movable sealing cover 12 is provided with a lifter 13, the lifter 13 is an electric hoist with electromagnetic adsorption structure, the lifter 13 is suitable for lowering the alloy ball, the top of the movable sealing cover 12 is provided with a gas exchange pipe one 14 and a gas exchange pipe two 15, the gas exchange pipe one 14 is suitable for introducing inert gas, the gas exchange pipe two 15 is suitable for leading out air when inert gas is introduced, the top of the movable sealing cover 12 is provided with an oil smoke condensation recovery structure 16, the condensation recovery structure 16 includes a plurality of condensation plates 17 and a condenser 18 which is suitable for providing a cooling atmosphere for the condensation plates 17 and the atmosphere around the condensation plates 17, the bottom of the plurality of condensation plates is provided with a collection box 19, the collection box 19 is suitable for collecting quenching oil and introducing it into the quenching oil tank 1;

[0135] In use, the alloy cast ball hung by the lifter 13 moved into the mobile enclosure 12, the mobile enclosure 12 is adjusted to be located on the top of the quenching oil tank 1, so that the mobile enclosure 12 and the quenching oil tank 1 are in a closed state, the inert gas is introduced through the air pipe one 14 and the air is discharged through the air pipe two 15, so that the mobile enclosure 12 is in an inert gas atmosphere;

[0136] The lifter 13 drives the alloy cast ball to be lowered to contact the driving roller 3 and the driven roller 4, in the lowering process, the flow guide pipe 8 is inserted into the inside of the alloy cast ball, and the inside of the quenching oil tank 1 is stirred to be opened, after the lowering work is completed, the servo motor 6 is started to drive the driving roller 3 and the driven roller 4 to rotate, and the circulating pump 9 pumps the quenching oil into the inside of the alloy cast ball through the circulating pipe 10 and the introduction pipe, the free end of the flow guide pipe 8 is provided with a plurality of dispersion branch pipes 20 which are distributed in a circumferential direction at equal intervals, the inclination directions of the dispersion branch pipes 20 are consistent, and the top of the flow guide pipe 8 is provided with an oil port.

[0137] The sealing ring sleeve 21 is installed at the outlet of the flow guide pipe 8 and the driving bevel gear 5, and the sealing ring sleeve is provided with a cavity which is communicated with the circulating pump 9 and the flow guide pipe 8.

[0138] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. The substitution can be the substitution of part of the structure, device, method step, or the complete technical scheme. According to the technical scheme of the present application and the invention concept, the equivalent substitution or change should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for using a quenching oil for large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls, characterized in that, The quenching oil for large-size high-carbon and high-chromium alloy casting balls includes a cooling agent, which is a mixture of polyisobutylene maleic anhydride and polyol ester in a mass ratio of (2-5):(1-2). The mixture is trimethylolpropane tri-n-nonanoate and dipentaerythritol ester in a mass ratio of (1-3):

1. The usage steps are as follows: The alloy casting ball is heated to 780-820℃. Under a closed and inert gas atmosphere, the alloy casting ball workpiece is placed in a quenching oil tank. At the same time, the internal stirring of the quenching oil tank is turned on, and the quenching oil inside is turned up and down and inside and out. The alloy casting ball is rotated for quenching and cooling treatment. A drive disc is installed inside the quenching oil tank. A drive roller and a driven roller are installed on the drive disc. An active bevel gear is installed inside the drive disc. A servo motor that drives the active bevel gear to rotate is installed outside the quenching oil tank. A driven bevel gear is installed at one end of the drive roller and the driven roller. The active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear mesh. When using hollow alloy casting balls, the surface of the hollow alloy casting ball has process holes, and a drainage pipe is set in the middle of the driving bevel gear. One end of the drainage pipe is inserted into the interior of the alloy casting ball, and the other end is connected to a circulation pump. The circulation pump is located outside the quenching oil tank, and the other oil port of the circulation pump is connected to a circulation pipe. The circulation pipe is inserted into the quenching oil tank at the quenching oil surface away from the alloy casting ball. The top of the quenching oil tank is equipped with a movable closed cover. The top of the inner side of the movable closed cover is equipped with a lifter, which is suitable for lowering alloy casting balls. The upper part of the movable closed cover is equipped with a ventilation pipe one and a ventilation pipe two. The ventilation pipe one is suitable for introducing inert gas, and the ventilation pipe two is suitable for leading out air when introducing inert gas. The top of the movable closed cover is equipped with an oil fume condensation and recovery structure. The condensation and recovery structure includes several condensation plates and a condenser suitable for providing a cooling atmosphere to the condensation plates and the atmosphere around the condensation plates. The bottom of the several condensation plates is equipped with a collection box, which is suitable for collecting quenching oil and introducing it into the quenching oil tank. When in use, the alloy casting ball is suspended by the lifting device inside the movable enclosure, and the movable enclosure is adjusted to be located at the top of the quenching oil tank so that the movable enclosure and the quenching oil tank are in a closed state. Inert gas is introduced through the first air exchange pipe and air is drawn out through the second air exchange pipe, so that the movable enclosure is in an inert gas atmosphere. The lifting device lowers the alloy casting ball to contact the drive roller and driven roller. During the lowering process, the guide pipe is inserted into the interior of the alloy casting ball, and the stirring inside the quenching oil tank is started at the same time. After the lowering is completed, the servo motor starts to drive the active bevel gear, drive roller and driven roller to rotate. At the same time, the circulation pump pumps the quenching oil into the alloy casting ball through the circulation pipe and the inlet pipe. The free end of the inlet pipe is provided with multiple circumferentially distributed branch pipes, and the inclination direction of the branch pipes is consistent.

2. The method of using the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes secondary hydrogenated base oils, which have a kinematic viscosity of 10-15 mm² / s and an acid value of ≤0.1 mg KOH / g.

3. The method of using the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes antioxidants, which include a mixture of phosphonate antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants, with a mass fraction ratio of (2-5):1 for phosphonate antioxidants and phenolic antioxidants.

4. The method of using the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls according to claim 3, characterized in that, The phosphonate antioxidant is at least one of triphenyl phosphite, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4'-biphenyl diphosphite, diphenylalkyl phosphite, and phenyl dialkyl phosphite.

5. The method of using the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls according to claim 3, characterized in that, The phenolic antioxidant is at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol.

6. The method of using the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes surfactants, specifically boronized polyisobutylene succinimide.

7. The method of using the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls according to claim 6, characterized in that, The quenching oil comprises 50-80 parts of secondary hydrogenated base oil, 4-9 parts of refrigerant, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant, and 0.3-0.8 parts of surfactant.

8. The method of using the quenching oil for large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation steps of the quenching oil for the large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls are as follows: 1) Weigh two-thirds of the total amount of base oil according to the proportion, and add 4 to 9 parts of refrigerant at a temperature of 40℃~55℃ and in an inert gas atmosphere, and mix evenly to obtain quenching oil A liquid. 2) Weigh out half of the remaining amount of refined base oil according to the proportion, add 0.5 to 2 parts of antioxidant at a temperature of 30℃~45℃ and under an inert gas atmosphere, mix evenly to obtain quenching oil B. 3) Weigh out half of the remaining amount of refined base oil according to the proportion, add 0.3 to 0.8 parts of surfactant at a temperature of 30℃ to 45℃ and under an inert gas atmosphere, and mix evenly to obtain quenching oil C. 4) While stirring, add quenching oil B and quenching oil C dropwise to quenching oil A. The dropwise acceleration of quenching oil C is 1 to 2 times that of quenching oil B. The dropwise acceleration of quenching oil C is (0.2 to 0.4) parts / min. The dropwise addition process is still maintained in an inert gas atmosphere. After all quenching oil B and quenching oil C have been added, the mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain the quenching oil for the large-size high-carbon and high-chromium alloy cast balls.

9. The method of using quenching oil for large-size high-carbon, high-chromium alloy cast balls according to claim 8, characterized in that, The stirring speed for step 1) is 150–200 rpm, the stirring speed for step 2) is 120–180 rpm, the stirring speed for step 3) is 120–180 rpm, and the stirring speed for step 4) is 200–250 rpm; In step 4), the cooling rate when cooling to room temperature is 2-5°C / min.

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