Prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structures and blast-proof walls

Abstract

This invention provides a prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure and an explosion-proof wall, belonging to the field of building structure engineering technology. The prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure includes multiple interlocking blocks, each hexahedral, comprising a first support surface, a second support surface, and four self-locking mating surfaces. The first and second support surfaces are rectangular with identical structures and perpendicular extension directions, arranged parallel to each other. The four self-locking mating surfaces are connected and positioned between the first and second support surfaces, with the included angle between adjacent self-locking mating surfaces being the same. The multiple interlocking blocks abut against each other through their self-locking mating surfaces, interlocking and fixing themselves in a direction perpendicular to the first and second support surfaces. This solves the problems of slow installation, insufficient toughness and impact resistance, and difficulty in repair found in traditional explosion-proof wall structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building structure engineering technology, and in particular to a prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure and an explosion-proof wall. Background Art

[0002] Industrial buildings and military engineering projects may collapse under the impact of an explosion, causing loss of life and property. To mitigate the hazards of an explosion, blast-proof walls are often installed in critical facilities and factories. These blast-proof walls must withstand significant explosive gas impact loads and require appropriate structural measures to meet blast resistance requirements.

[0003] In related technologies, existing blast-proof wall structures typically employ brick masonry or cast-in-place reinforced concrete. Brick masonry blast-proof walls, constructed from interlocking bricks, have limited impact resistance in the direction perpendicular to the wall, resulting in weak blast resistance. Cast-in-place concrete blast-proof walls offer better performance, but construction is time-consuming, especially under military conditions, and the integrated casting with pre-embedded reinforcing steel makes overall repair after localized damage time-consuming. Furthermore, some regions lack suitable construction conditions for cast-in-place concrete work. Therefore, a blast-proof wall solution is needed that simultaneously offers ease of installation and high toughness and impact resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure and an explosion-proof wall, which can solve the problems of slow installation, insufficient toughness and impact resistance, and difficulty in repair in traditional explosion-proof wall structures. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure, which includes: a plurality of interlocking blocks.

[0006] The interlocking block is hexahedral, including a first support surface, a second support surface, and four self-locking mating surfaces. The first support surface and the second support surface are rectangular with identical structures and their extension directions are perpendicular to each other. The first support surface and the second support surface are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The four self-locking mating surfaces are connected in this way and disposed between the first support surface and the second support surface. The included angle between two adjacent self-locking mating surfaces is the same. The multiple interlocking blocks abut against each other through the self-locking mating surfaces to interlock and fix each other in a direction perpendicular to the first support surface and the second support surface.

[0007] Optionally, the first support surfaces of two adjacent interlocking blocks are flush with each other, and the second support surfaces of two adjacent interlocking blocks are flush with each other.

[0008] Optionally, bolt connection holes are provided on both the first support surface and the second support surface.

[0009] Optionally, both the first support surface and the second support surface are provided with positioning strip grooves arranged along the length direction, and the bolt connection holes are provided in the positioning strip grooves.

[0010] Optionally, the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure further includes edge positioning posts. The edge positioning posts have a regular hexagonal cross-section and are configured to abut against two self-locking mating surfaces on two interlocking blocks through adjacent side walls, and are flush with the first support surface and the second support surface of the two interlocking blocks through opposite side walls.

[0011] Optionally, the interlocking block is a concrete block.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide an explosion-proof wall, including a plurality of prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structures as described in the first aspect, and two steel panels. The two steel panels are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on both sides of the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structures. One of the steel panels is fixedly connected to the first support surface of the plurality of interlocking blocks, and the other steel panel is fixedly connected to the second support surface of the plurality of interlocking blocks.

[0013] Optionally, rock wool is used to fill the gap between the steel panel and the self-locking mating surfaces of the plurality of interlocking blocks.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0015] The prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure provided in this invention, when assembled, consists of multiple interlocking blocks arranged in groups of four to form a minimum repeatable unit. These units are arranged in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, with each pair abutting against the other through self-locking interlocking surfaces, and interlocking and fixing themselves in a direction perpendicular to the first and second support surfaces. By repeatedly setting up and assembling these minimum units according to the required dimensions of the explosion-proof wall, the internal sandwich structure of the explosion-proof wall can be rapidly installed and formed. In the wall direction of the explosion-proof wall, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the first and second support surfaces, the self-locking interlocking surfaces at an angle form a self-locking structure to create lateral resistance to external forces. Compared to traditional bricklaying, the contact area of ​​the self-locking structure between the interlocking blocks is larger, exhibiting stronger ductility against impact loads, and providing both structural stability and stronger compressive strength. Furthermore, even if damaged by a significant impact, the cracks will only appear on a single or a few interlocking blocks in a localized area, without extending to other interlocking blocks, making it easy to repair quickly later. This solves the problems of slow installation, insufficient toughness and impact resistance, and difficulty in repair found in traditional blast-proof wall structures. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the smallest unit structure composed of multiple interlocking blocks provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a side view of another prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the explosion-proof wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1-Interlocking block; 2-Edge positioning post; 3-Steel panel; 11-First support surface; 12-Second support surface; 13-Self-locking splicing surface; 14-Bolt connection hole; 15-Strip positioning groove; 21-Side wall. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In related technologies, existing blast-proof wall structures typically employ brick masonry or cast-in-place reinforced concrete. Brick masonry blast-proof walls, constructed from interlocking bricks, have limited impact resistance in the direction perpendicular to the wall, resulting in weak blast resistance. Cast-in-place concrete blast-proof walls offer better performance, but construction is time-consuming, especially under military conditions, and the integrated casting with pre-embedded reinforcing steel makes overall repair after localized damage time-consuming. Furthermore, some regions lack suitable construction conditions for cast-in-place concrete work. Therefore, a blast-proof wall solution is needed that simultaneously offers ease of installation and high toughness and impact resistance.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of the interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a rear view structural diagram of the interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another interlocking block provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the smallest unit structure composed of multiple interlocking blocks provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of another prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a side view schematic diagram of another prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 9 As shown, through practice, this embodiment of the invention provides a prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure, wherein the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure includes a plurality of interlocking blocks 1.

[0033] The interlocking block 1 is hexahedral, comprising a first support surface 11, a second support surface 12, and four self-locking mating surfaces 13. The first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12 are rectangular with identical structures and their extension directions are perpendicular to each other, and the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12 are arranged in parallel at intervals. The four self-locking mating surfaces 13 are connected in this manner and disposed between the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12. The included angle between any two adjacent self-locking mating surfaces 13 is the same. Multiple interlocking blocks 1 abut against each other through the self-locking mating surfaces 13 to interlock and fix them in a direction perpendicular to the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure is composed of multiple interlocking blocks 1 in the form of hexahedrons. Each interlocking block 1 consists of two rectangular first support surfaces 11 and second support surfaces 12, and four isosceles trapezoidal self-locking splicing surfaces 13. The first support surfaces 11 and second support surfaces 12 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, serving as support surfaces for the two sides of the explosion-proof wall after assembly. The four isosceles trapezoidal self-locking splicing surfaces 13 are connected in pairs via the hypotenuses of their two sides. In the direction of sequential connection, the upper base of one self-locking splicing surface 13 is connected to the short side of the first support surface 11, and the lower base is connected to the long side of the second support surface 12; the upper base of the adjacent self-locking splicing surface 13 is connected to the short side of the second support surface 12, and the lower base is connected to the long side of the first support surface 11. When assembling, multiple interlocking blocks 1 are grouped into a minimum repeatable unit of four. Taking the first support surface 11 of one of the interlocking blocks 1 as a reference, the second interlocking block 1 is rotated 90° in a direction perpendicular to the first support surface 11. The two are spliced ​​together by mutually parallel self-locking splicing surfaces 13. At this time, the two first support surfaces 11 are perpendicular to each other. The remaining two interlocking blocks 1 continue to rotate 90° in the rotation direction of the second interlocking block 1 and then splice with the previous interlocking block 1. This forms a unit structure in which the blocks abut against each other in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction through the self-locking splicing surfaces 13, and are interlocked and fixed in a direction perpendicular to the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12. According to the required specifications and dimensions of the explosion-proof wall, the internal sandwich structure of the explosion-proof wall can be quickly installed and formed by repeatedly setting the above-mentioned minimum unit results and splicing them together. In the wall direction of the explosion-proof wall, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12, a self-locking structure is formed by oblique splicing of the self-locking joint surface 13 to form a lateral resistance to external forces. Compared with the traditional brick-laying method, the contact area of ​​the self-locking structure between the interlocking blocks 1 is larger, which has stronger ductility to impact loads. The structure is stable and has stronger compressive strength. Even if damage occurs due to a large impact, the cracks will only appear in one or a few interlocking blocks 1 locally and will not extend to other interlocking blocks 1, making it easy to quickly repair later. This solves the problems of slow installation, insufficient toughness and impact resistance, and difficulty in repair in traditional explosion-proof wall structures.

[0035] Optionally, the first support surfaces 11 of two adjacent interlocking blocks 1 are flush with each other, and the second support surfaces 12 of two adjacent interlocking blocks 1 are flush with each other. Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the invention, by designing the structure of multiple interlocking blocks 1 in an integrated manner, after they are spliced ​​together to form a sandwich structure, the multiple first support surfaces 11 and multiple second support surfaces 12 on both sides are flush with each other, forming two opposing mounting surfaces for laying the outer wall surface. This facilitates the subsequent installation of the outer wall surface of the explosion-proof wall on both sides of the sandwich structure, effectively improving the practicality of the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure.

[0036] Optionally, bolt connection holes 14 are provided on both the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12. Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the invention, by providing bolt connection holes 14 on the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12, after assembling the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure, multiple bolt connection holes 14 on the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12 can be used to bolt the structure to the outer wall of the explosion-proof wall, resulting in a simple structure and convenient connection.

[0037] Optionally, both the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12 are provided with positioning slots 15 arranged along the length direction, and bolt connection holes 14 are provided in the positioning slots 15. Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the invention, by providing positioning slots 15 on the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12, a connected slot-shaped positioning structure can be formed on the opposite end faces of the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure after assembly. Bolt connection holes 14 are provided inside to facilitate connection with the outer wall of the explosion-proof wall. Simultaneously, the slot-shaped positioning structure can cooperate with the positioning protrusions on the corresponding outer wall to ensure assembly stability and reduce relative shaking on the connection surface after the outer wall is fixedly connected to the first support surface 11 or the second support surface 12, effectively improving the assembly stability of the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure.

[0038] Optionally, the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure also includes an edge positioning column 2. The edge positioning column 2 has a regular hexagonal cross section. The edge positioning column 2 is configured to abut against two self-locking mating surfaces 13 on two interlocking blocks 1 through adjacent side walls 21, and is flush with the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12 of the two interlocking blocks 1 through opposite side walls 21. For example, in this embodiment of the invention, after the corresponding assembly of multiple interlocking blocks 1 is completed, the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure has a rectangular structure similar to the subsequent explosion-proof wall. Edge positioning posts 2 are set at its four edges, and the two adjacent sidewalls of the edge positioning posts 2 abut against the two self-locking splicing surfaces 13 on the two interlocking blocks 1 to form an interlocking structure. Edge positioning posts 2 are set on all four sides of the rectangular prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure and welded after assembly, thereby limiting and fixing the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure at the edges in the four lateral directions. After the edge positioning posts 2 are used to limit and fix the structure to form a complete sandwich structure, the outer walls on both sides are then fixedly connected. The opposite sidewalls 21 of the edge positioning posts 2 in the wall direction can also support the outer wall together with the first support surface 11 or the second support surface 12 for traffic flow, further improving the assembly stability of the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure.

[0039] Optionally, the interlocking block 1 is a concrete block. For example, in this embodiment of the invention, the interlocking block 1 made of concrete has high compressive strength and is easy to manufacture, effectively improving the impact resistance of the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the explosion-proof wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 10 As shown, embodiments of the present invention also provide an explosion-proof wall, including as follows: Figures 1 to 9The prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure shown is characterized by further including two steel panels 3, which are arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure. One steel panel 3 is fixedly connected to the first support surface 11 of multiple interlocking blocks 1, and the other steel panel 3 is fixedly connected to the second support surface 12 of multiple interlocking blocks 1. Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the invention, the steel panels 3 are used as the outer wall of the explosion-proof wall to be fixedly connected to the multiple first support surfaces 11 and second support surfaces 12 on both sides of the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure. This provides excellent tensile, compressive, bending, and shear strength, while also being able to withstand large plastic deformation, resulting in outstanding explosion-proof and impact-resistant capabilities. Meanwhile, when the internal sandwich structure is assembled, multiple interlocking blocks 1 form a minimum repeatable unit in groups of four. Taking the first support surface 11 of one of the interlocking blocks 1 as a reference, the second interlocking block 1 rotates 90° in a direction perpendicular to the first support surface 11. The two are spliced ​​together by mutually parallel self-locking splicing surfaces 13. At this time, the two first support surfaces 11 are perpendicular to each other. The remaining two interlocking blocks 1 continue to rotate 90° in the rotation direction of the second interlocking block 1 and then splice with the previous interlocking block 1. This forms a unit structure in which the blocks abut against each other in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction through the self-locking splicing surfaces 13, and are interlocked and fixed in a direction perpendicular to the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12. According to the required specifications and dimensions of the explosion-proof wall, the internal sandwich structure of the explosion-proof wall can be quickly installed and formed by repeatedly setting the above-mentioned minimum unit results and splicing them together. In the wall direction of the explosion-proof wall, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the first support surface 11 and the second support surface 12, a self-locking structure is formed by oblique splicing of the self-locking joint surface 13 to form a lateral resistance to external forces. Compared with the traditional brick-laying method, the contact area of ​​the self-locking structure between the interlocking blocks 1 is larger, which has stronger ductility to impact loads. The structure is stable and has stronger compressive strength. Even if damage occurs due to a large impact, the cracks will only appear in one or a few interlocking blocks 1 locally and will not extend to other interlocking blocks 1, making it easy to quickly repair later. This solves the problems of slow installation, insufficient toughness and impact resistance, and difficulty in repair in traditional explosion-proof wall structures.

[0041] Optionally, rock wool is used to fill the gaps between the steel panel 3 and the self-locking mating surfaces 13 of the multiple interlocking blocks 1. Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the invention, while the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure and the steel panels 3 on both sides are being fixedly assembled, rock wool is filled into the gaps between the steel panel 3 and the self-locking mating surfaces 13 of the multiple interlocking blocks 1. This utilizes the stable performance, thermal insulation, and noise reduction properties of rock wool to further improve the performance of the explosion-proof wall.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “comprising” or “including” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding “comprising” or “including” encompasses all elements or objects listed following “comprising” or “including” and are identical to them, but do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms “connected” or “linked” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. “Up,” “down,” “left,” “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0043] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure, characterized in that, include: Multiple interlocking blocks (1). The interlocking block (1) is hexahedral, including a first support surface (11), a second support surface (12) and four self-locking splicing surfaces (13). The first support surface (11) and the second support surface (12) are rectangular with the same structure and their extension directions are perpendicular to each other. The first support surface (11) and the second support surface (12) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The four self-locking splicing surfaces (13) are connected in this way and are arranged between the first support surface (11) and the second support surface (12). The included angle between two adjacent self-locking splicing surfaces (13) is the same. The multiple interlocking blocks (1) abut against each other through the self-locking splicing surfaces (13) to interlock and fix in a direction perpendicular to the first support surface (11) and the second support surface (12). The first support surfaces (11) of two adjacent interlocking blocks (1) are flush with each other, and the second support surfaces (12) of two adjacent interlocking blocks (1) are flush with each other; The prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure also includes an edge positioning column (2). The edge positioning column (2) has a regular hexagonal cross section. The edge positioning column (2) is configured to abut against the two self-locking splicing surfaces (13) on the two interlocking blocks (1) that are spliced ​​together by adjacent side walls (21), and to be flush with the first support surface (11) and the second support surface (12) of the two interlocking blocks (1) that are spliced ​​together by opposite side walls (21).

2. The prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first support surface (11) and the second support surface (12) are provided with bolt connection holes (14).

3. The prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first support surface (11) and the second support surface (12) are provided with positioning strip grooves (15) arranged along the length direction, and the bolt connection hole (14) is provided in the positioning strip groove (15).

4. The prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interlocking block (1) is a concrete block.

5. An explosion-proof wall, comprising a prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes two steel panels (3), which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on both sides of the prefabricated self-locking block sandwich structure. One of the steel panels (3) is fixedly connected to the first support surface (11) of the plurality of interlocking blocks (1), and the other steel panel (3) is fixedly connected to the second support surface (12) of the plurality of interlocking blocks (1).

6. The explosion-proof wall according to claim 5, characterized in that, Rock wool is filled in the gap between the steel panel (3) and the self-locking mating surface (13) of the plurality of interlocking blocks (1).

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