Biomass self-deslagging antiredeposition furnace

Abstract

The application discloses biomass automatic deslagging anti-backfire furnace, which belongs to the technical field of biomass cooking equipment and comprises a furnace body, a pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber arranged in the furnace body and a chain grate capable of rotating arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. A fuel bin is arranged above the side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, and a material falling port is arranged at the bottom of the fuel bin. A material stirring chamber is arranged below the fuel bin, the top of the material stirring chamber is communicated with the fuel bin, and a material stirring outlet is arranged on one side of the material stirring chamber. A material stirring wheel is arranged in the material stirring chamber, and a plurality of material distribution grooves are arranged on the material stirring wheel. An anti-backfire material sliding plate is arranged below the material stirring outlet, and the anti-backfire material sliding plate is inclined downward. The material stirring chamber and the anti-backfire material sliding plate arranged between the fuel bin and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber are utilized to control the amount of biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber per unit time according to the rotation interval time of the material stirring wheel, so that the biomass fuel can be fully combusted. The anti-backfire material sliding plate separates the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber from the material stirring chamber, so that the flame cannot burn to the fuel bin, and the safety is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass heating and cooking equipment technology, specifically to a biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass Moulding Fuel (BMF) is primarily composed of agricultural and forestry waste (such as straw, branches, bagasse, and rice husks). After processing through crushing, mixing, extrusion, and drying, it can be produced into various shaped (such as blocks and pellets) direct-burning clean fuels. Biomass fuel is a renewable energy source with advantages such as high calorific value, high purity, absence of sulfur and phosphorus, no atmospheric pollution, and cleanliness. Furthermore, the ash from biomass fuel combustion is a high-grade organic potassium fertilizer that can be recycled.

[0003] The pyrolysis and gasification of biomass fuels refers to the process under certain thermodynamic conditions, with the help of air (or oxygen) and water vapor, causing the polymers of biomass to undergo pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction reforming reactions, ultimately converting them into combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons. Sufficient pyrolysis and gasification of biomass fuels before combustion can ensure more complete combustion, reduce smoke and dust generation, and improve heating efficiency.

[0004] To ensure continuous combustion in biomass heating and cooking equipment, these systems typically feature an inclined fuel bin connected to the combustion chamber. Under gravity, the biomass fuel in the bin continuously falls into the combustion chamber as the chain grate moves. However, existing biomass heating and cooking equipment struggles to control the amount of biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber per unit time. If too little fuel enters, the firepower is insufficient or the combustion chamber may extinguish. Conversely, if too much fuel enters or a sudden power outage prevents the chain grate from moving, the biomass fuel in the combustion chamber cannot burn completely, resulting in significant smoke and dust. Furthermore, the flame from the combustion chamber can easily spread along the accumulated biomass fuel directly into the fuel bin, posing a considerable safety hazard.

[0005] Therefore, developing a heating and cooking device that can accurately control the amount of biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber per unit time and prevent the flame in the combustion chamber from burning directly along the accumulated biomass fuel to the fuel bin is an urgent problem to be solved at this stage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace provided by this invention utilizes a feeding chamber and a backfire prevention sliding plate located between the fuel bin and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber. The feeding wheel can precisely control the amount of biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber per unit time based on its rotation, ensuring complete combustion of the biomass fuel. The backfire prevention sliding plate separates the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber from the feeding chamber, preventing the flame from reaching the fuel bin, thus ensuring high safety and avoiding accidents. Furthermore, the ash and slag from combustion can be automatically discharged.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An automatic biomass ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace, comprising a furnace body, wherein the furnace body is equipped with:

[0009] A pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, wherein a chain grate is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber;

[0010] A fuel bin is located above and to the side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber; a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the fuel bin.

[0011] The material feeding chamber is located below the fuel tank; the top of the material feeding chamber is connected to the fuel tank through the material discharge port, and a material feeding outlet is provided on one side of the material feeding chamber; a rotatable material feeding wheel is provided inside the material feeding chamber, and the material feeding wheel is located on the side directly below the material discharge port, and several circumferentially distributed material distributing grooves are provided on the material feeding wheel.

[0012] A flashback-proof sliding plate is located below the feeding outlet and is inclined downwards along the direction from the feeding outlet to the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber; the lowermost end of the flashback-proof sliding plate is located above the chain grate.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the fuel tank has a fuel sliding plate, which is inclined downwards in the direction close to the discharge port;

[0014] And / or, the material discharge port is provided with a material discharge push-pull cover plate, and the material discharge push-pull cover plate is connected to a material discharge push-pull rod; the material distribution trough is provided with a first partition plate, which divides the material distribution trough into several sub-material distribution troughs; the material feeding chamber is provided with a second partition plate, which divides the material feeding chamber into several sub-chambers.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the bottom of the feeding chamber forms a stripping platform, and the feeding outlet is located above one side of the stripping platform.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is provided with a fuel inlet at the lowest position corresponding to the anti-backfire sliding plate; the upper layer of the chain grate moves along the first direction; the chain grate is sleeved on the main sprocket and the driven sprocket, the main sprocket is located on the drive shaft, the drive shaft is connected to a drive assembly, and the drive assembly is connected to a controller.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is formed by an outer layer and an inner layer, and an auxiliary combustion air duct is provided on the outside of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber; the inner layer has a plurality of auxiliary combustion holes, and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion air duct are connected through the auxiliary combustion holes; the auxiliary combustion air duct is connected to an auxiliary combustion fan, the auxiliary combustion fan is provided with an air intake regulating damper, and the auxiliary combustion fan is connected to a controller; the chain grate is located below the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, and a slag chamber is provided below the chain grate; the slag chamber is provided with a slag chamber door, and the slag chamber door is rotatably connected to the slag chamber through a rotating core;

[0018] And / or, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is provided with an electric ignition assembly at the position between the fuel inlet and the chain grate, and the electric ignition assembly is connected to the controller;

[0019] And / or, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is located above the chain grate and is provided with a first flame probe, a second flame probe and a swing baffle plate in sequence along the first direction, and the first flame probe and the second flame probe are both connected to the controller;

[0020] And / or, with the first direction as the positive direction, a slag-breaking plate is provided behind the chain grate;

[0021] And / or, the driven sprocket is mounted on the driven shaft, the driven shaft is provided with a tension bolt rotatably connected to it via a bearing, one end of the tension bolt passes through the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber and is threadedly connected to an adjusting nut, and the tension bolt is provided with a tension spring; a first sprocket is provided on the driven shaft, and a second sprocket is provided at one end of the feeding chamber, the first sprocket and the second sprocket are connected by a drive chain;

[0022] And / or, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber cover plate at the fuel inlet;

[0023] And / or, an anti-jamming plate is provided between the main sprocket and the driven sprocket at a position below the chain grate;

[0024] And / or, the chain grate includes several parallel grate shafts, the two ends of which are connected in sequence by chains; a heat-resistant tube is sleeved on the outer surface of the grate shaft.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber has a flame outlet at its top, and the furnace body has a placement opening above the flame outlet. A first fire channel and a second fire channel are sequentially arranged on one side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber. One end of the first fire channel is connected to the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber via a first flame inlet, and the other end of the first fire channel is connected to the second fire channel via a second flame inlet. A waste heat inlet is located at the top of the second fire channel. A conversion plate is located above the flame outlet, and the conversion plate is connected to a conversion plate push-pull rod. The conversion plate can move between a first position and a second position. In the first position, the flame outlet and the placement opening are connected, and the waste heat inlet is also connected to the placement opening. In the second position, the conversion plate blocks the flame outlet and the waste heat inlet, and the second flame inlet is open.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution, the furnace body is provided with a first ash removal port that is connected to and arranged side by side with the first fire channel and the second fire channel, and the first ash removal port is provided with a first ash removal door.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution, a circulating water jacket is provided between the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, the first fire channel, and the second fire channel; a third fire channel and a fourth fire channel are sequentially provided on one side of the anti-backfire sliding plate, and the circulating water jacket is also provided between the third fire channel and the fourth fire channel; the third fire channel is connected to the second fire channel; an air intake is provided at the top of the fourth fire channel; an air intake channel is provided on the furnace body above the air intake, the air intake channel is connected to an exhaust channel, and the exhaust channel is connected to a chimney; a fan blade is provided at the connection between the air intake channel and the exhaust channel, and the fan blade is connected to an induced draft fan that drives its rotation; a temperature sensor is provided on the circulating water jacket, and both the temperature sensor and the induced draft fan are connected to the controller.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution, a heat-insulating sealing pressure plate is provided between the fan blade and the induced draft fan;

[0029] And / or, the furnace body is equipped with an electrical control box, and the induced draft fan is located inside the electrical control box;

[0030] And / or, the furnace body is provided with a second ash removal port communicating with the exhaust channel, and the second ash removal port is provided with a second ash removal door;

[0031] And / or, the third fire channel is connected to the second fire channel through a fifth fire channel; the furnace body is provided with a third ash removal port connected to the fifth fire channel, the third ash removal port is provided with a third ash removal door, and the third ash removal door is provided with a door lock;

[0032] And / or, the furnace body is provided with a fourth ash removal port that communicates with the third fire channel and the fourth fire channel, and the fourth ash removal port is provided with a fourth ash removal door;

[0033] And / or, the circulating water jacket is equipped with an explosion-proof safety valve;

[0034] And / or, the circulating water jacket is provided with a water supply port and a water return port.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution, the bottom of the furnace body is provided with furnace legs;

[0036] And / or, the furnace body is provided with a storage box, and the storage box is provided with a storage box door.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0038] 1. This invention utilizes a feeding chamber and a backfire prevention sliding plate located between the fuel bin and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber. The feeding wheel's rotation allows for precise control of the amount of biomass fuel entering the combustion chamber per unit time, ensuring complete combustion. The backfire prevention sliding plate separates the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber from the feeding chamber. With a certain slope, the plate prevents biomass fuel from adhering to its surface, thus preventing flames from reaching the fuel bin, ensuring high safety and avoiding accidents. Furthermore, the ash and char from combustion are automatically discharged.

[0039] 2. This invention utilizes an electric ignition component, a first flame probe, and a second flame probe within the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber to monitor the combustion of biomass fuel on the chain grate in real time. The controller can adjust the interval between the movement and stopping of the chain grate accordingly, thereby precisely and intelligently controlling the full and continuous combustion of biomass fuel. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the biomass automatic slag discharge and backfire prevention furnace of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Vertical sectional view along direction AA;

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A transverse sectional view along the BB direction;

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A transverse sectional view along the CC direction;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the movement of biomass fuel, hot gas, and coke residue in this invention.

[0045] Figure 6This is a functional block diagram of the present invention.

[0046] In the diagram: 1-Fuel bin, 2-Fuel slide plate, 3-Discharge push-pull rod, 4-Discharge push-pull cover plate, 5-Discharge port, 6-Feeding chamber, 7-Feeding outlet, 8-Discharge platform, 9-Anti-backfire slide plate, 10-Combustion chamber cover plate, 11-Fuel inlet, 12-Feeding wheel, 13-Combustion fan, 14-Electric ignition assembly, 15-Combustion duct, 16-Tightening bolt, 17-Adjusting nut, 18-Expansion spring, 19-Driven shaft, 20-Driven sprocket, 21-Pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber, 22-Combustion hole 23-Grate shaft, 24-First flame probe, 25-Second flame probe, 26-Anti-jamming plate, 27-Chain grate, 28-Drive shaft, 29-Main sprocket, 30-Swinging baffle, 31-First flame inlet, 32-Second flame inlet, 33-Placement port, 34-Fire outlet, 35-Conversion plate, 36-Waste heat inlet, 37-Conversion plate push-pull rod, 38-Furnace body, 39-First fire channel, 40-Second fire channel, 41-Third ash removal door, 42-Third ash removal port, 43-Broken 44-Slag plate, 45-Inner shroud, 46-Outer shroud, 47-Slag chamber, 48-Storage box, 49-Third flue, 40-Fourth flue, 51-Circulating water jacket, 52-Temperature sensor, 53-Intake port, 54-Intake channel, 55-Fan blade, 56-Exhaust channel, 57-Insulated sealing plate, 58-Induced draft fan, 59-Electrical control box, 60-Chimney, 61-Second ash removal door, 62-Controller, 63-Fuel compartment cover, 64-First ash removal door, 65-Door handle 66-Rotating core, 67-Slag chamber door, 68-Storage box door, 69-Inlet regulating damper, 70-Water return port, 71-Fourth ash cleaning door, 72-Water supply port, 73-Fifth fire channel, 74-Drive assembly, 75-Explosion-proof safety valve, 76-Door lock, 77-Connecting section, 78-Fourth ash cleaning port, 79-Feeding wheel shaft, 80-Bearing, 81-First sprocket, 82-Drive chain, 83-Second sprocket, 84-First partition, 85-Second partition, 86-Slag chamber partition, 87-Furnace leg. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1-6 This is an embodiment of the biomass automatic slag discharge and backfire prevention furnace of the present invention, comprising a furnace body 38, wherein the furnace body 38 is provided with:

[0049] The pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 has a chain grate 27 at its bottom. Biomass fuel undergoes pyrolysis gasification and combustion on the chain grate 27. The chain grate 27 can drive the biomass fuel on it to move. The sintered coke can move forward with the chain grate 27 and be automatically discharged.

[0050] Fuel bin 1 is located on the side and above pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21. Fuel bin 1 is used to store biomass fuel. The bottom of fuel bin 1 is provided with a discharge port 5, from which biomass fuel can fall under the action of gravity.

[0051] The feeding chamber 6 is located below the fuel bin 1. The top of the feeding chamber 6 is connected to the fuel bin 1 through the discharge port 5. The feeding chamber 6 has a feeding outlet 7 on one side. The feeding chamber 6 is equipped with a rotating feeding wheel 12, which is located on the side directly below the discharge port 5. The feeding wheel 12 has several circumferentially distributed distribution grooves. The biomass fuel in the fuel bin 1 falls into the feeding chamber 6 under the action of gravity and flows into the distribution grooves. When the feeding wheel 12 rotates, the biomass fuel in the distribution grooves can fall into the feeding chamber 6 and fall from the feeding outlet 7. By adjusting the rotation interval of the feeding wheel 12, the amount of biomass fuel entering the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 per unit time can be precisely controlled to ensure that the biomass fuel is fully combusted.

[0052] The anti-backfire sliding plate 9 is located below the feeding outlet 7. The anti-backfire sliding plate 9 slopes downwards along the direction from the feeding outlet 7 to the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21. The anti-backfire sliding plate 9 has a certain slope, and biomass fuel will not accumulate on the anti-backfire sliding plate 9. The biomass fuel falling from the feeding outlet 7 can fall onto the chain grate 27 along the anti-backfire sliding plate 9. The lowest end of the anti-backfire sliding plate 9 is located above the chain grate 27. The anti-backfire sliding plate 9 separates the biomass fuel in the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 from the biomass fuel in the feeding chamber 6, and the flame will not burn to the fuel bin 1, which is highly safe and avoids accidents.

[0053] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The fuel bin 1 has a fuel sliding plate 2, which is inclined downwards in the direction close to the discharge port 5 to ensure that the biomass fuel in the fuel bin 1 can fall more smoothly from the discharge port 5; the top of the fuel bin 1 should also be provided with a fuel bin cover 63, which can be opened to put biomass fuel into the fuel bin 1.

[0054] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3A discharge sliding cover 4 is provided at the discharge port 5. The discharge sliding cover 4 is connected to a discharge sliding rod 3, which can move the discharge sliding cover 4 to adjust the size of the discharge port 5. Correspondingly, a first partition 84 is provided in the distribution trough, which divides the distribution trough into several sub-distribution troughs. The movement position of the first partition 84 is matched with that of the discharge sliding cover 4. By controlling the movement position of the discharge sliding cover 4, the biomass fuel can be made to fall into only some of the sub-distribution troughs, thereby allowing for more precise control of the amount of pyrolysis gas entering per unit time. The amount of biomass fuel in the combustion chamber 21; furthermore, a second partition 85 should be provided in the feeding chamber 6; the position of the second partition 85 matches the first partition 84, and the second partition 85 divides the feeding chamber 6 into several sub-chambers; ensuring that the biomass fuel only falls into the corresponding part of the sub-chambers and part of the sub-distribution troughs; furthermore, a discharge platform 8 is formed at the bottom of the feeding chamber 6, and the feeding outlet 7 is located above one side of the discharge platform 8. The discharge platform 8 and the second partition 85 form several sub-chambers, which can ensure that the biomass fuel falls stably and quantitatively onto the anti-backfire sliding plate 9.

[0055] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A fuel inlet 11 is provided at the lowest position of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 corresponding to the anti-backfire sliding plate 9. Biomass fuel falls onto the chain grate 27 through the fuel inlet 11. The upper layer of the chain grate 27 moves along a first direction. The chain grate 27 is fitted on the main sprocket 29 and the driven sprocket 20. The main sprocket 29 is located on the drive shaft 28. The drive shaft 28 is connected to a drive assembly 74, which is connected to a controller 62. The drive assembly 74 drives the drive shaft 28 to rotate, which can drive the chain grate 27 to move. The biomass fuel is pyrolyzed, gasified, and burned sequentially on the chain grate 27. Specifically, the first direction is... Figure 2 From left to right, the drive component 74 is preferably a motor, and the controller 62 is preferably a PLC or a microcontroller. Furthermore, the controller 62 is also equipped with a time cycle relay, which is used to control the moving time and moving time interval of the chain grate 27. For example, when the moving time is 10 seconds and the moving time interval is 20 minutes, the chain grate 27 moves forward by 10 seconds every 20 minutes. By adjusting the moving time and moving time interval of the chain grate 27, it can be ensured that biomass fuels of different materials and different amounts are fully burned on the chain grate 27. At the same time, the running time of the drive component 74 can be greatly reduced, thus reducing energy consumption.

[0056] Based on the foregoing embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4The pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 is a cavity formed by several outer surrounding plates 45 and several inner surrounding plates 44. An auxiliary combustion air duct 15 is formed at the location between the inner surrounding plates 44 and the outer surrounding plates 45 outside the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21. The inner surrounding plates 44 are provided with several combustion-supporting holes 22. The auxiliary combustion air enters the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 through the combustion-supporting air duct 15 and the combustion-supporting holes 22, allowing for more complete combustion of biomass fuel. The auxiliary combustion air duct 15 can, on the one hand, prevent the high-temperature heat inside the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 from escaping to the furnace body, and on the other hand, it can also use the high-temperature heat blocked by the auxiliary combustion air duct 15 to heat the auxiliary combustion air. The auxiliary combustion air duct 15 is connected to an auxiliary combustion air fan 13, which is equipped with an intake regulating damper 69 to control the air volume of the auxiliary combustion air. Small; the combustion fan 13 is connected to the controller 62, which can control the switching and operating intensity of the combustion fan 13; specifically, the inner shroud 44 is located on top of the grate shaft 23; the combustion holes 22 are evenly distributed on the inner shroud 44, and the lower part of the outer shroud 45 on both sides is provided with a chain grate 27, and the bearings 80 of the drive shaft 28 and driven shaft 19 that drive the chain grate 27 are both located on the outer shroud 45; the bottom of the chain grate 27 is provided with a slag chamber 46, and the slag chamber 46 is provided with a slag chamber door 67, which may also be provided with an air intake regulating damper 69 to adjust the amount of air entering the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21; the slag chamber door 67 is rotatably connected to the slag chamber 46 through a rotating core 66; opening the slag chamber door 67 allows the removal of furnace ash and coke.

[0057] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4An electric ignition assembly 14 is installed in the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 between the fuel inlet 11 and the chain grate 27. The electric ignition assembly 14 is connected to the controller 62 and can ignite the biomass fuel on the chain grate 27 to achieve automatic ignition. Specifically, the electric ignition assembly 14 is preferably an electric igniter, and a combustion-supporting fan 13 can also be installed at the electric ignition assembly 14 to promote the combustion of biomass fuel. Furthermore, a first flame probe 24, a second flame probe 25, and a swing baffle 30 are sequentially installed in the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 above the chain grate 27 along the first direction. The first flame probe 24 and the second flame probe 25 are located on both sides of the fire outlet 34, respectively. The first flame probe 24 and the second flame probe 25 can detect the combustion state of biomass fuel at different positions of the chain grate 27 respectively. Both the first flame probe 24 and the second flame probe 25 are connected to the controller 62. The controller 62 can control the interval between the movement and stopping of the chain grate 27 according to the combustion state of the biomass fuel, thereby controlling the combustion time of biomass fuel at different positions. The swing baffle 30 can swing to prevent hot gas from escaping without hindering the movement and discharge of coke slag with the chain grate 27. Furthermore, with the first direction as positive, a slag-breaking plate 43 is provided behind the chain grate 27. The slag-breaking plate 43 can break and crush large pieces of coke slag, so that the broken coke slag can fall smoothly into the slag chamber 46.

[0058] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The driven shaft 19 is mounted on the sprocket 20. Both ends of the driven shaft 19 rotate via bearings 80. The driven shaft 19 is connected to a tension bolt 16 via the bearings 80. One end of the tension bolt 16 passes through the slag chamber partition 86 from both sides of the outer casing 45 and is threaded onto an adjusting nut 17. A tension spring 18 is positioned between the adjusting nut 17 and the slag chamber partition 86. Under the action of the tension spring 18, a stable tension force is applied to the driven shaft 19, ensuring that the driven sprocket 20 and the main sprocket 29 always keep the chain grate 27 taut and move smoothly. A first sprocket 81 is provided, and a feeding wheel shaft 79 is provided at one end of the feeding chamber 6. A rotatable second sprocket 83 is provided on the feeding wheel shaft 79. The first sprocket 81 and the second sprocket 83 are connected by a transmission chain 82. The driven shaft 19 can drive the feeding wheel 12 to rotate synchronously with the movement of the chain grate 27 through the first sprocket 81 and the second sprocket 83, so that the biomass fuel can enter the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 synchronously, ensuring that the biomass fuel can burn continuously and stably. Specifically, the feeding wheel 12 is provided on the feeding wheel shaft 79, and the second sprocket 83 is fixed on the feeding wheel shaft 79.

[0059] For any further explanation, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2The pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 is located at the fuel inlet 11 and is equipped with a combustion chamber cover 10. The combustion chamber cover 10 and the anti-backfire sliding plate 9 form a moving channel for biomass fuel. At the same time, the combustion chamber cover 10 can also gather the combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis gasification of biomass fuel on the carbon fire, avoid the combustible gas from being dispersed and flowing, increase the concentration of combustible gas, facilitate combustion and reduce emissions.

[0060] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The chain grate 27 includes several parallel grate shafts 23, which can be configured as polygonal prisms or cylinders. The outer surface of the grate shafts 23 is fitted with heat-resistant tubes to resist oxidation and deformation. Both ends of the several grate shafts 23 are connected in sequence by chains. The chains mesh with the main sprocket 29. The rotation of the main sprocket 29 can drive the chain grate 27 to move. Furthermore, an anti-jamming plate 26 is provided between the main sprocket 29 and the driven sprocket 20 at the lower position of the chain grate 27. The anti-jamming plate 26 is located inside between the upper and lower layers of the chain grate 27, which can prevent hard objects from entering the meshing point of the chain between the driven sprocket 20 and the chain grate 27 and jamming the chain grate 27.

[0061] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5The pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 has a flame outlet 34 at its top. The furnace body 38 has a placement opening 33 located above the flame outlet 34, for placing the stove. A first fire channel 39 and a second fire channel 40 are sequentially arranged on one side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21. One end of the first fire channel 39 is connected to the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 via a first flame inlet 31, and the other end of the first fire channel 39 is connected to the second fire channel 40 via a second flame inlet 32. A waste heat inlet 36 is located at the top of the second fire channel 40. When the placement opening 33 is connected to the flame outlet 34, the waste heat at the placement opening 33 can enter the second fire channel 40 through the waste heat inlet 36. A conversion plate 35 is located above the flame outlet 34, and the conversion plate 35 is connected to a conversion plate push-pull rod 37. The conversion plate can be pushed and pulled... Rod 37 can drive conversion plate 35 to move; conversion plate 35 can move between a first position and a second position; in the first position, the fire outlet 34 is connected to the placement port 33, and the waste heat intake port 36 is connected to the placement port 33, and the heat generated by biomass fuel is mainly used to heat the stove; in the second position, conversion plate 35 blocks the fire outlet 34 and the waste heat intake port 36, and at the same time opens the second flame intake port 32, and the heat generated by biomass fuel passes through the first fire channel 39 and the second fire channel 40 in sequence to heat the circulating water jacket 50; specifically, the first flame intake port 31 preferably forms a transverse air intake with the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21 at the lower end of the first fire channel 39, which can guide the combustible gas generated by the combustion of biomass fuel to move laterally on the charcoal fire and burn, so that the combustion of biomass fuel can be more complete.

[0062] Based on the foregoing embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A circulating water jacket 50 is provided between the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, the first fire channel 39, and the second fire channel 40. The circulating water jacket 50 is filled with circulating water, which can be used for room heating after heating. Adjacent circulating water jackets 50 are connected by a connecting section 77. A third fire channel 48 and a fourth fire channel 49 are arranged sequentially on one side of the anti-backfire sliding plate 9. A circulating water jacket 50 is also provided between the third fire channel 48 and the fourth fire channel 49. The third fire channel 48 is connected to the second fire channel 40. An air intake 52 is provided at the top of the fourth fire channel 49. An air intake channel 53 is provided on the furnace body 38 above the air intake 52. The air intake channel 53 is connected to an exhaust channel 55, and the exhaust channel 55 is connected to a chimney 59. A fan blade 5 is provided at the connection between the air intake channel 53 and the exhaust channel 55. 4. The fan blade 54 is connected to an induced draft fan 57 that drives its rotation; a temperature sensor 51 is provided on the circulating water jacket 50. Both the temperature sensor 51 and the induced draft fan 57 are connected to the controller 62. The temperature sensor 51 is used to detect the temperature of the circulating water. When the temperature of the circulating water is too low, turning on the induced draft fan 57 can increase the air flow speed, increase the combustion speed of biomass fuel, increase the heat generated per unit time, and increase the temperature of the circulating water. At the same time, the controller 62 can also increase the heat generated by biomass fuel per unit time by reducing the moving interval of the chain grate 27 and the rotation interval of the feeding wheel 12, so as to ensure that the temperature of the circulating water rises to a reasonable range. Specifically, the temperature sensor 51 is preferably attached to the circulating water jacket 50 by a strong magnet.

[0063] For further details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 ,and Figure 3The furnace body 38 is provided with a first ash removal port that is connected to and arranged side-by-side with the first fire channel 39 and the second fire channel 40. The first ash removal port has a first ash removal door 64, and the first ash removal door 64 has a door handle 65. By holding the door handle 65 and opening the first ash removal door 64, ash adhering to the inner walls of the first fire channel 39 and the second fire channel 40 can be cleaned from the first ash removal port. A heat-insulating sealing plate 56 should be provided between the fan blade 54 and the induced draft fan 57 to prevent heat loss and ensure the normal operation of the induced draft fan 57. To further protect the induced draft fan 57, an electrical control box 58 should be provided on the furnace body 38, and the induced draft fan 57 is located inside the electrical control box 58. The furnace body 38 is provided with a second ash removal port 61 that is connected to the exhaust channel 55. The second ash removal port 61 has a second ash removal door 60. By opening the second ash removal door 60, ash can be removed from the exhaust port. The second ash removal port 61 cleans the ash adhering to the inner wall of the exhaust channel 55; the third fire channel 48 is connected to the second fire channel 40 through the fifth fire channel 73; the furnace body 38 is provided with a third ash removal port 42 connected to the fifth fire channel 73, the third ash removal port 42 is provided with a third ash removal door 41, the third ash removal door 41 is provided with a door lock 76, opening the door lock 76 and the third ash removal door 41 allows the ash adhering to the inner wall of the fifth fire channel 73 to be cleaned from the third ash removal port 42; the furnace body 38 is provided with a fourth ash removal port 78 connected to the third fire channel 48 and the fourth fire channel 49, the fourth ash removal port 78 is provided with a fourth ash removal door 71, the fourth ash removal door 71 is provided with a door handle 65, grasping the door handle 65 opens the fourth ash removal door 71, allowing the ash adhering to the inner walls of the third fire channel 48 and the fourth fire channel 49 to be cleaned from the fourth ash removal port 78.

[0064] For any further explanation, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 The circulating water jacket 50 should be equipped with an explosion-proof safety valve 75 to improve safety during use; the circulating water jacket 50 is equipped with a return water port 70, from which circulating water flows into the circulating water jacket 50, absorbs heat and rises in temperature, and then flows out from the water supply port 72 to achieve room heating.

[0065] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The furnace body 38 is provided with a slag chamber 46; the slag chamber 46 is used to store slag, and the slag can be taken out by opening the slag chamber door 67. The furnace body 38 is provided with a storage box 47, which is used to store related equipment; the storage box 47 is provided with a storage box door 68; the bottom of the furnace body 38 is provided with furnace legs 87, which are used to support the furnace body 38.

[0066] The specific usage of this invention is as follows:

[0067] Please refer to Figures 1-6Under the control of the rotating feed wheel 12, the biomass fuel in the fuel bin 1 falls onto the anti-backfire sliding plate 9 in a timed and quantitative manner. The biomass fuel falls onto the chain grate 27 through the fuel inlet 11 along the anti-backfire sliding plate 9. The biomass fuel can be ignited by the electric ignition component 14. The movement of the chain grate 27 is synchronized with the rotation of the feed wheel 12. The chain grate 27 drives the burning biomass fuel to the fire outlet 34 without backfire. The first flame probe 24 and the second flame probe 25 can monitor the combustion of the biomass fuel on the chain grate 27 in real time.

[0068] When the stove needs to be heated, the flame outlet 34 is connected to the placement port 33, and the heat generated by the combustion of biomass fuel can directly heat the stove. When the circulating water jacket 50 needs to be heated, the conversion plate 35 blocks the flame outlet 34 and the waste heat intake port 36, while opening the second flame intake port 32. The heat generated by the combustion of biomass fuel moves along the fire channel to heat the circulating water in the circulating water jacket 50.

[0069] It needs to be explained that, Figure 5 The arrows in the diagram represent the movement direction of the biomass fuel in fuel bin 1 into the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber 21, the movement direction of the heat generated during the combustion process of the biomass fuel, and the movement direction of the generated coke residue for discharge.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace, characterized in that, Includes a furnace body (38), the interior of which is provided with: The pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is provided with a chain grate (27) at the bottom. Fuel bin (1), the fuel bin (1) is located above the side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21); the bottom of the fuel bin (1) is provided with a discharge port (5); The material feeding chamber (6) is located below the fuel tank (1); the top of the material feeding chamber (6) is connected to the fuel tank (1) through the material discharge port (5), and a material feeding outlet (7) is provided on one side of the material feeding chamber (6); a rotating material feeding wheel (12) is provided inside the material feeding chamber (6), and the material feeding wheel (12) is located on one side directly below the material discharge port (5), and a number of circumferentially distributed material distribution grooves are provided on the material feeding wheel (12); Anti-backfire sliding plate (9), the anti-backfire sliding plate (9) is located below the feeding outlet (7), the anti-backfire sliding plate (9) is inclined downward along the direction from the feeding outlet (7) to the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21); the lowermost end of the anti-backfire sliding plate (9) is located above the chain grate (27); The top of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is provided with a flame outlet (34), and the furnace body (38) is provided with a placement opening (33) above the flame outlet (34); a first fire channel (39) and a second fire channel (40) are sequentially provided on one side of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), a first flame inlet (31) is provided between one end of the first fire channel (39) and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) for communication, and a second flame inlet (32) is provided between the other end of the first fire channel (39) and the second fire channel (40) for communication; the top of the second fire channel (40) The part is provided with a waste heat intake port (36); above the flame outlet (34) is a conversion plate (35), and the conversion plate (35) is connected to a conversion plate push-pull rod (37); the conversion plate (35) can move between a first position and a second position; in the first position, the flame outlet (34) is connected to the placement port (33), and the waste heat intake port (36) is connected to the placement port (33); in the second position, the conversion plate (35) blocks the flame outlet (34) and the waste heat intake port (36), and the second flame intake port (32) is in the open state.

2. The biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel tank (1) has a fuel slide plate (2) inside, and the fuel slide plate (2) is inclined downward in the direction close to the discharge port (5); And / or, a material discharge push-pull cover plate (4) is provided at the material discharge port (5), and the material discharge push-pull cover plate (4) is connected to a material discharge push-pull rod (3); a first partition plate (84) is provided in the material distribution trough, and the first partition plate (84) divides the material distribution trough into several sub-material distribution troughs; a second partition plate (85) is provided in the material feeding chamber (6), and the second partition plate (85) divides the material feeding chamber (6) into several sub-chambers.

3. The biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the feeding chamber (6) forms a stripping platform (8), and the feeding outlet (7) is located above one side of the stripping platform (8).

4. The biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is provided with a fuel inlet (11) at the lowest position of the anti-backfire sliding plate (9); the upper layer of the chain grate (27) moves along the first direction; the chain grate (27) is sleeved on the main sprocket (29) and the driven sprocket (20), the main sprocket (29) is located on the drive shaft (28), the drive shaft (28) is connected to the drive assembly (74), and the drive assembly (74) is connected to the controller (62).

5. The biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is formed by an outer shroud (45) and an inner shroud (44). An auxiliary combustion air duct (15) is provided on the outside of the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21). Several auxiliary combustion holes (22) are provided on the inner shroud (44), and the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) and the auxiliary combustion air duct (15) are connected through the auxiliary combustion holes (22). An auxiliary combustion fan (13) is connected to the auxiliary combustion air duct (15). The combustion blower (13) is equipped with an air intake regulating damper (69), and the combustion blower (13) is connected to the controller (62); the chain grate (27) is located below the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), and a slag chamber (46) is provided below the chain grate (27). A slag chamber door (67) is provided on the slag chamber (46), and the slag chamber door (67) is rotatably connected to the slag chamber (46) through a rotating core (66); And / or, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is provided with an electric ignition assembly (14) at a position between the fuel inlet (11) and the chain grate (27), and the electric ignition assembly (14) is connected to the controller (62); And / or, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is located above the chain grate (27) and is provided with a first flame probe (24), a second flame probe (25) and a swing baffle (30) in sequence along the first direction. The first flame probe (24) and the second flame probe (25) are both connected to the controller (62). And / or, with the first direction as the positive direction, a slag-breaking plate (43) is provided behind the chain grate (27). And / or, the driven sprocket (20) is mounted on the driven shaft (19), the driven shaft (19) is provided with a tension bolt (16) rotatably connected to it via a bearing (80), one end of the tension bolt (16) passes through the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) and is threadedly connected to an adjusting nut (17), and the tension bolt (16) is provided with a tension spring (18); the driven shaft (19) is provided with a first sprocket (81), one end of the feeding chamber (6) is provided with a second sprocket (83), and the first sprocket (81) and the second sprocket (83) are connected by a transmission chain (82); And / or, the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21) is provided with a combustion chamber cover (10) at the fuel inlet (11); And / or, an anti-jamming plate (26) is provided between the main sprocket (29) and the slave sprocket (20) at a position below the chain grate (27). And / or, the chain grate (27) includes a plurality of parallel grate shafts (23), the two ends of the plurality of grate shafts (23) being connected in sequence by chains; a heat-resistant tube is fitted on the outer surface of the grate shafts (23).

6. The biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body (38) is provided with a first ash removal port that is connected to and arranged side by side with the first fire channel (39) and the second fire channel (40), and the first ash removal port is provided with a first ash removal door (64).

7. The biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that, A circulating water jacket (50) is provided between the pyrolysis gasification combustion chamber (21), the first fire channel (39), and the second fire channel (40); a third fire channel (48) and a fourth fire channel (49) are sequentially provided on one side of the anti-backfire sliding plate (9), and the circulating water jacket (50) is also provided between the third fire channel (48) and the fourth fire channel (49); the third fire channel (48) is connected to the second fire channel (40); an air intake (52) is provided at the top of the fourth fire channel (49); the furnace body (38) is located on the air intake... An air intake channel (53) is provided above the opening (52), and the air intake channel (53) is connected to an exhaust channel (55), and the exhaust channel (55) is connected to a chimney (59); a fan blade (54) is provided at the connection between the air intake channel (53) and the exhaust channel (55), and the fan blade (54) is connected to an induced draft fan (57) that drives it to rotate; a temperature sensor (51) is provided on the circulating water jacket (50), and both the temperature sensor (51) and the induced draft fan (57) are connected to the controller (62).

8. The biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that, A heat-insulating sealing pressure plate (56) is provided between the fan blade (54) and the induced draft fan (57). And / or, the furnace body (38) is provided with an electrical control box (58), and the induced draft fan (57) is located inside the electrical control box (58); And / or, the furnace body (38) is provided with a second ash removal port (61) communicating with the exhaust channel (55), and the second ash removal port (61) is provided with a second ash removal door (60). And / or, the third fire channel (48) is connected to the second fire channel (40) through a fifth fire channel (73); the furnace body (38) is provided with a third ash removal port (42) connected to the fifth fire channel (73), the third ash removal port (42) is provided with a third ash removal door (41), and the third ash removal door (41) is provided with a door lock (76). And / or, the furnace body (38) is provided with a fourth ash removal port (78) that communicates with the third fire channel (48) and the fourth fire channel (49), and the fourth ash removal port (78) is provided with a fourth ash removal door (71). And / or, the circulating water jacket (50) is provided with an explosion-proof safety valve (75); And / or, the circulating water jacket (50) is provided with a water supply port (72) and a water return port (70).

9. The biomass automatic ash discharge and backfire prevention furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body (38) is provided with furnace legs (87) at the bottom; And / or, the furnace body (38) is provided with a storage box (47), and the storage box (47) is provided with a storage box door (68).

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