A field investigation method for terrestrial vegetation investigation of nuclear power plant

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of field investigation method for the terrestrial vegetation investigation of nuclear power plant, by surveying field topography, laying vegetation investigation sample line, investigating field terrestrial vegetation, collating data, can carry out flora analysis to seed plant in survey area, explain the vegetation and formation type of survey area around plant site, the key protection plant and ancient tree distributed in survey area, also can estimate productivity.The method provided by the present application covers the steps of field vegetation investigation, the principle of vegetation sample line layout, data collation method and productivity estimation method, and gives the example of using the present application to carry out field vegetation investigation.Moreover, the method provided by the present application can clearly determine the investigation method of terrestrial ecological vegetation around nuclear power plant based on the reference of existing terrestrial ecological data, which is a necessary condition for providing basic data for the later construction and operation of nuclear power plant.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of nuclear power plant area terrestrial ecological investigation, and relates to a field investigation method for terrestrial vegetation investigation of a nuclear power plant. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of economy, the state puts forward higher and higher requirements for environmental protection. On June 24, 2016, the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China issued the Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines for the Format and Content of the Environmental Impact Report of Nuclear Power Plants, which proposed that the terrestrial ecosystem conditions should explain the ecological landscape, ecosystem type, vegetation type, species diversity, important habitats and biological communities, biological population, key species, indigenous species, constructive species, unique species, dominant species, important economic species, and other conditions in the evaluation area. However, due to different climate and vegetation conditions in different nuclear power plant areas, the terrestrial ecological investigation methods around each nuclear power plant are not the same.

[0003] For the terrestrial ecological investigation around the nuclear power plant, there are many terrestrial ecological investigations based on scientific research and conducted by the national or local government departments at present, but the investigation range and content cannot meet the requirements of the Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines for the Format and Content of the Environmental Impact Report of Nuclear Power Plants. Therefore, on the basis of referring to the existing terrestrial ecological data, the investigation method of the terrestrial ecological animals around the nuclear power plant is a necessary condition for providing basic data for the later construction and operation of the nuclear power plant. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a field investigation method for terrestrial vegetation investigation of a nuclear power plant to solve the current needs of the nuclear power plant in the aspect of terrestrial ecological investigation and to provide basic data for the later construction and operation of the nuclear power plant.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a field investigation method for terrestrial vegetation investigation of a nuclear power plant, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, surveying the site topography: through surveying the site topography, the site topography characteristics and main ecosystem types of the investigation area are understood;

[0007] S2, laying out vegetation investigation sample lines: the sample line method is used to investigate the terrestrial vegetation of the investigation area;

[0008] S3, investigating the site terrestrial vegetation: the terrestrial vegetation includes grassland community, shrub community and forest community, the sample method is used to investigate the site terrestrial vegetation, and different principles should be followed for the sample area setting of different terrestrial vegetation communities;

[0009] S4, collate data, conduct flora analysis on seed plants in the survey area, and explain the vegetation and formation type of the survey area around the plant site, the key protected plants and ancient trees distributed in the survey area.

[0010] S5, estimate productivity.

[0011] Further, in step S1, the site topography is surveyed by on-site reconnaissance and comparison of satellite images.

[0012] Further, in step S2, the vegetation survey line is laid according to the following principles:

[0013] S21, consider the ecological sensitive targets and typical ecological system types in the survey area to lay the sample line;

[0014] S22, mainly consider the dominant wind direction and the secondary dominant wind direction of the area where the survey area is located; more sample lines are laid in the downwind direction relative to the upwind direction;

[0015] S23, on the basis of considering the above two principles, the sample line is laid according to the principle of near dense and far sparse, and the key survey is carried out in the vicinity of the plant site;

[0016] S24, combined with the topography and road traffic conditions, the sample line is laid safely and can be reached.

[0017] Further, if the terrestrial vegetation is grassland community, the observation object of the grassland community is herbaceous plants, and the observation sample plot is not less than 5 1m x 1m sample plots.

[0018] Further, if the terrestrial vegetation is shrub community, the observation object of the shrub community is shrubs and herbaceous plants, and the observation sample plot is not less than 5 5m x 5m sample plots.

[0019] Further, if the terrestrial vegetation is forest community, the observation object of the forest community is trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants, and the observation sample plot is not less than 5 10m x 10m sample plots.

[0020] Further, in step S4, the recorded vegetation in the survey area is counted according to families, genera and species, and the Latin name is indicated, and the seed plants in the survey area are analyzed according to the set requirements, and the vegetation and formation type of the survey area around the plant site are explained, and the key protected plants and ancient trees distributed in the survey area are explained.

[0021] Further, in step S5, the productivity of the ecological system in the survey area is measured by estimating the biomass of the arbor layer broad-leaved forest, the biomass of the wetland pine, the biomass of the shrub layer per unit area, and the biomass of the herb layer per unit area.

[0022] Further, the estimation formula of the biomass of the arbor layer broad-leaved forest is:

[0023] W 干1 = 0.0233(D1 2 H1) 0.9849

[0024] W 干1 / W 总 = 0.5041

[0025] wherein, W 干1 is the biomass of the tree trunk of the arbor plant; W 总 is the total biomass of the arbor plant; D1 is the diameter at breast height of the tree trunk of the arbor plant; H1 is the height of the arbor plant;

[0026] The estimation formula of the biomass of the wetland pine is:

[0027] W 干2 = 0.0088140(D2 2 H2) 0.92913

[0028] wherein, W 干2 is the biomass of the tree trunk of the wetland pine; D2 is the diameter at breast height of the tree trunk of the wetland pine; H2 is the height of the wetland pine.

[0029] Further, the estimation formula of the biomass per unit area of the shrub layer is:

[0030] W U1 = -35.67 + 1333.32(P1H1')

[0031] W D1 = 50.60 + 702.89(P1H1')

[0032] wherein, W U1 is the aboveground biomass of the shrub layer g / m 2 ; W D1 is the underground biomass of the shrub layer g / m 2 ; P1 is the coverage of the shrub layer %; H1' is the height of the shrub layer m;

[0033] The estimation formula of the biomass per unit area of the herb layer is:

[0034] W U2 = 11.65 + 4.25(P2H2')

[0035] W D2 = 24.23 + 6.85(P2H2')

[0036] wherein, W U2 is the aboveground biomass of the herb layer g / m 2 ; W D2 is the underground biomass of the herb layer g / m 2P2 is the coverage of the herb layer; H2' is the height of the herb layer.

[0037] The present application provides a field investigation method for terrestrial vegetation investigation of a nuclear power plant, which can analyze the flora of seed plants in the investigation area, illustrate the vegetation and formation type of the investigation area around the plant site, the key protected plants and ancient trees in the investigation area, and estimate the productivity by investigating the topography of the site, laying out the vegetation investigation sample line, investigating the terrestrial vegetation of the site, and collating the data. The method covers the steps of field vegetation investigation, the principle of vegetation sample line layout, the method of data collation, and the productivity estimation method, and gives an example of using the present application to conduct field vegetation investigation. Compared with the vegetation investigation method of scientific research institutions and national or local government departments, the present application can meet the requirements of the "Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines for the Format and Content of the Environmental Impact Report of Nuclear Power Plants" and can clearly define the investigation method of the terrestrial vegetation around the nuclear power plant. The method provided by the present application is based on the existing terrestrial ecological data and clearly defines the investigation method of the terrestrial vegetation around the nuclear power plant, which is a necessary condition for providing basic data for the later construction and operation of the nuclear power plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a field investigation method for terrestrial vegetation investigation of a nuclear power plant provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be further clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings and examples. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the examples in the present application, all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0040] As shown in the present embodiment, a field investigation method for terrestrial vegetation investigation of a nuclear power plant is provided, which comprises the following steps: Figure 1

[0041] S1, investigating the topography of the site;

[0042] Specifically, in step S1, before carrying out the formal terrestrial vegetation investigation work, the topography of the site in the investigation area (i.e. around the nuclear power plant) is investigated to understand the topographic features and main ecological system types of the site in the investigation area.

[0043] Optionally, the topography of the site in the investigation area can be investigated by two ways of general reconnaissance on site and comparison of satellite images.

[0044] S2, laying out the vegetation investigation sample line;​

[0045] In this embodiment, the line transect method is used to investigate the terrestrial vegetation in the investigation area. The line transect method is a method of recording the relevant information of species appearing in a certain spatial range along a selected route in the investigation area.

[0046] Specifically, in step S2, the layout of the vegetation investigation line transect needs to follow the following principles:

[0047] S21, comprehensively consider the ecological sensitive targets and typical ecological system types in the investigation area to layout the line transect;

[0048] Specifically, the ecological sensitive targets and typical ecological system types include vegetation, climate, degree of human disturbance, etc.

[0049] S22, in combination with the characteristics of the project, mainly consider the dominant wind direction and the secondary dominant wind direction in the region, and more line transects are laid out in the downwind direction relative to the upwind direction.

[0050] S23, on the basis of considering the above two principles, the line transect is laid out according to the principle of near dense and far sparse, and the key investigation is carried out in the vicinity of the plant site;

[0051] S24, in combination with the topography and road traffic conditions, the safe and accessible line transect is laid out.

[0052] S3, investigate the terrestrial vegetation on site;

[0053] Specifically, in step S3, the line transect method is used to investigate the terrestrial vegetation on site, and different principles need to be followed for the layout of the sample plot for different terrestrial vegetation communities. In this embodiment, the terrestrial vegetation includes grassland community, shrub community, forest community, etc. The specific investigation methods of the grassland community, the shrub community and the forest community are briefly described below.

[0054] S31, grassland community

[0055] If the terrestrial vegetation is a grassland community, the observation object of the grassland community is herbaceous plants, and the observation sample plot is generally not less than 5 sample plots of 1m x 1m. If the distribution of the grassland community in the observation area is patchy, sparse or the herbaceous plants are tall, the sample plot should be enlarged to 2m x 2m.

[0056] S32, shrub community

[0057] If the terrestrial vegetation is a shrub community, the observation object of the shrub community is shrubs and herbaceous plants, and the observation sample plot is generally not less than 5 sample plots of 5m x 5m; for large or sparse shrubs, the sample plot is enlarged to 10m x 10m or more.

[0058] S33, forest community

[0059] If the terrestrial vegetation is a forest community, the observation objects of the forest community are trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants, and the observation sample plots are generally not less than 5 sample plots of 10 m x 10 m; for artificial forests and economic forests, the observation sample plots are 20 m x 20 m, and if necessary, the size can be expanded to 30 m x 30 m. The investigation area of the narrow strip-shaped distributed forest land (such as the shelter forest belt) can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0060] The field record content should meet the content required to be recorded in the vegetation community structure investigation record table, and the vegetation community structure investigation table without recording specific data is shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1 Vegetation community structure investigation table

[0062] Investigation site: Investigation date:

[0063] Investigator: Sample line number: __________ Sample plot area: __________ m x __________ m

[0064] GPS positioning: Elevation: __________ Slope: __________ Slope direction: __________

[0065] Description of terrain and environment around the sample plot:

[0066] Land use type:

[0067] Number of tree layer sample plots: Sample plot area: __________ m x __________ m Canopy density: __________ Total coverage: __________

[0068] Number of shrub layer sample plots: Sample plot area: __________ m x __________ m Total coverage:

[0069] Number of herb layer sample plots: Sample plot area: __________ m x __________ m Total coverage:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] S4, collate data, conduct flora analysis on seed plants in the investigation area, and explain the types of vegetation and formation in the investigation area around the factory site, the key protected plants and ancient trees in the investigation area.

[0073] The recorded vegetation in the investigation area should be counted according to the family, genus and species, and the Latin name should be indicated according to the Chinese Flora (www.iplant.cn). The seed plant flora analysis of the investigation area should be carried out according to Table 2 (Seed Plant Flora Analysis Table of Investigation Area, which does not record specific data). The vegetation and group system type of the investigation area around the plant site should be explained according to Table 3 (Vegetation Community Investigation Result Statistical Table, which does not record specific data). The key protected plants distributed in the investigation area should be explained according to Table 4 (Investigation Table of Important Wild Plants within 10 km Radius of Plant Site, which does not record specific data). The ancient trees and famous woods distributed in the investigation area should be explained according to Table 5 (Ancient Tree and Famous Wood Investigation Result Statistical Table, which does not record specific data).

[0074] Table 2 Seed Plant Flora Analysis Table of Investigation Area

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Table 3 Vegetation Community Investigation Result Statistical Table

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Table 4 Investigation Table of Important Wild Plants within 10 km Radius of Plant Site

[0081]

[0082] Table 5 Ancient Tree and Famous Wood Investigation Result Statistical Table

[0083]

[0084] S5, estimate productivity.

[0085] Productivity is the total amount of organic matter newly produced by living organisms within a certain time. Biomass refers to the total dry weight of all biological organisms per unit area at a certain time, which is an important indicator for measuring the productivity and carbon fixation capacity of an ecosystem within a certain time.

[0086] In this embodiment, the productivity of the ecosystem in the investigation area is measured by estimating the biomass of the arbor layer broad-leaved forest, the biomass of Pinus elliottii, the biomass per unit area of the shrub layer, and the biomass per unit area of the herb layer. The biomass of the arbor layer broad-leaved forest is estimated according to Formula (1), and the biomass of Pinus elliottii is estimated according to Formula (2). The biomass per unit area of the shrub layer is estimated according to Formula (3), and the biomass per unit area of the herb layer is estimated according to Formula (4):

[0087] W干1 = 0.0233 (D1 2 H1) 0.9849

[0088] W 干1 / W 总 = 0.5041 (1)

[0089] In formula (1), W 干1 is the biomass of the tree trunk of the arbor plant; W 总 is the total biomass of the arbor plant; D1 is the diameter at breast height of the tree trunk of the arbor plant; and H1 is the height of the arbor plant.

[0090] W 干2 = 0.0088140 (D2 2 H2) 0.92913 (2)

[0091] In formula (2), W 干2 is the biomass of the tree trunk of the slash pine; D2 is the diameter at breast height of the tree trunk of the slash pine; and H2 is the height of the slash pine.

[0092] W U1 = -35.67 + 1333.32 (P1H1')

[0093]

[0094] In formula (3), W U1 is the aboveground biomass of the shrub layer g / m 2 ; W D1 is the underground biomass of the shrub layer g / m 2 ; P1 is the coverage of the shrub layer %; and H1' is the height of the shrub layer m.

[0095] W U2 = 11.65 + 4.25 (P2H2')

[0096] W D2 = 24.23 + 6.85 (P2H2') (4)

[0097] In formula (4), W U2 is the aboveground biomass of the herb layer g / m 2 ; W D2 is the underground biomass of the herb layer g / m 2 ; P2 is the coverage of the herb layer %; and H2' is the height of the herb layer m.

[0098] At present, the method provided by the embodiment has been applied to the investigation of the terrestrial vegetation of a nuclear power plant, and the feasibility of the method is verified by investigating the terrestrial vegetation around the nuclear power plants in the south and the north respectively through the following Example 1 and Example 2.

[0099] Example 1

[0100] Through the field plant survey of a factory site in the south, there are 131 families, 399 genera and 577 species (including infraspecific taxa and varieties) of vascular plants in the survey area, among which there are 19 families, 30 genera and 43 species of ferns, 3 families, 4 genera and 6 species of gymnosperms, and 109 families, 365 genera and 528 species of angiosperms. The natural vegetation includes 4 vegetation type groups, 8 vegetation types and 30 population system types. The vegetation types mainly include evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest, bamboo forest, deciduous broad-leaved shrub, evergreen broad-leaved shrub, shrub-grassland and herbaceous marsh. There are 16 invasive alien plants, and the main resource plants include 10 categories of medicinal plants, timber plants, starch plants, oil plants, aromatic plants, resin and gum plants, fiber plants, ornamental plants, soil and water conservation and sand-fixing greening plants, health beverage and food plants, etc.

[0101] Example 2

[0102] Through the field plant survey of a factory site in the north, there are 49 families, 123 genera and 156 species (including varieties and infraspecific taxa) of vascular plants in the survey area. Among them, no ferns are found, 2 families, 2 genera and 2 species of gymnosperms, accounting for 4.08%, 1.63% and 1.28% of the total families, genera and species of vascular plants in the area respectively; 47 families, 121 genera and 154 species of angiosperms, accounting for 95.92%, 98.37% and 98.72% of the total families, genera and species of vascular plants in the area respectively. The main vegetation types include deciduous broad-leaved forest, warm coniferous forest, deciduous broad-leaved shrub, warm and hot sparse shrub-grassland and herbaceous marsh. There are 6 invasive alien plants, 1 species of national grade II protected wild plant (Glycine soja), and 6 major categories of resource plants including timber and fiber resources, fruit and vegetable resources, grain and starch plant resources, medicinal plant resources, flower and greening plant resources.

[0103] The research institutions or local government departments often focus on the regional vegetation conditions or conduct special vegetation surveys in ecologically sensitive areas, and the survey range and survey content cannot meet the requirements of the “Environmental Impact Assessment Technical Guidelines for the Format and Content of the Environmental Impact Report of Nuclear Power Plants”. The present application can clearly define the survey method of the terrestrial vegetation around the nuclear power plant, which is a necessary condition for providing basic data for the later construction and operation of the nuclear power plant.

[0104] The above examples are only illustrative of the present application, and the present application can also be implemented in other specific ways or other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the described embodiments should be considered illustrative rather than limiting in any aspect. The scope of the present application should be explained by the appended claims, and any changes equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should also be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A field survey method for terrestrial vegetation survey of a nuclear power plant, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, surveying the site topography: through surveying the site topography, the site topography characteristics and main ecosystem types of the investigation area are understood; S2, laying vegetation investigation sample lines: the terrestrial vegetation in the investigation area is investigated by using the sample line method; In step S2, the laying of the vegetation investigation sample lines follows the following principles: S21, considering the ecological sensitive targets and typical ecosystem types in the investigation range to lay the sample lines; S22, mainly considering the dominant wind direction and the secondary dominant wind direction of the area where the investigation area is located; more sample lines are laid in the downwind direction relative to the upwind direction; S23, on the basis of considering the above two principles, the sample lines are laid according to the principle of near dense and far sparse, and the key investigation is carried out in the vicinity of the site; S24, combining the topography and road traffic conditions, the sample lines that are safe and accessible are laid; S3, investigating the terrestrial vegetation on site: the terrestrial vegetation includes grassland community, shrub community and forest community, the sample method is used to investigate the terrestrial vegetation on site, and different principles need to be followed for the sample area setting of different terrestrial vegetation communities; S4, sorting data, analyzing the flora of seed plants in the investigation area, and explaining the vegetation and group type of the investigation area around the site, the key protected plants and ancient trees distributed in the investigation area; S5, estimating productivity; In step S5, the productivity of the investigation area is measured by estimating the biomass of the arbor layer broad-leaved forest, the biomass of the wetland pine, the unit area biomass of the shrub layer and the unit area biomass of the herb layer; The estimation formula of the biomass of the arbor layer broad-leaved forest is: W 干1 = 0.0233(D1 2 H1) 0.9849 W 干1 / W 总 = 0.5041 wherein W 干1 is the biomass of the tree trunk of the arbor plant; W 总 is the total biomass of the arbor plant; D1 is the diameter at breast height of the tree trunk of the arbor plant; and H1 is the height of the arbor plant. The estimation formula of the biomass of the wetland pine is: W 干2 = 0.0088140(D2 2 H2) 0.92913 wherein W 干2 is the wet pine stem biomass; D2 is the diameter at breast height of the wet pine stem; and H2 is the height of the wet pine stem. The estimation formula of the unit area biomass of the shrub layer is: W U1 = -35.67 + 1333.32(P1H1') W D1 = 50.60 + 702.89(P1H1') wherein W U1 is the aboveground biomass of the shrub layer g / m 2 ; W D1 is the belowground biomass of the shrub layer g / m 2 ; P1 is the coverage of the shrub layer %; H1' is the height of the shrub layer m; The estimation formula of the unit area biomass of the herb layer is: W U2 = 11.65 + 4.25(P2H2') W D2 = 24.23 + 6.85(P2H2') wherein W U2 is the aboveground biomass of the herb layer g / m 2 ; W D2 is the belowground biomass of the herb layer g / m 2 ; P2 is the coverage of the herb layer %; and H2' is the height of the herb layer m.

2. The field survey method for terrestrial vegetation survey of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized by, In step S1, the site topography is surveyed by two ways of on-site reconnaissance and comparison of satellite images.

3. The field survey method for terrestrial vegetation survey of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized by, If the terrestrial vegetation is a grassland community, the observation object of the grassland community is herbaceous plants, and the observation sample plot is not less than 5 1m*1m sample plots.

4. The field survey method for terrestrial vegetation survey of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized by, If the terrestrial vegetation is a shrub community, the observation object of the shrub community is shrubs and herbaceous plants, and the observation sample plot is not less than 5 5m*5m sample plots.

5. The field survey method for terrestrial vegetation survey of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the terrestrial vegetation is a forest community, the observation object of the forest community is trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants, and the observation sample plot is not less than 5 10m*10m sample plots.

6. The field survey method for terrestrial vegetation survey of a nuclear power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the recorded vegetation in the investigation area is counted according to families, genera and species, the Latin name is marked, the flora of the seed plants in the investigation area is analyzed according to the set requirements, the vegetation and group type of the investigation area around the site are explained, the key protected plants distributed in the investigation area are explained, and the ancient trees distributed in the investigation area are explained.

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