A mobile aquaculture system of photo-voltaic-air source heat pump

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of photoelectric-air source heat pump mobile aquaculture system, including mobile heat pump unit, mobile photovoltaic unit and mobile oxygen supply unit;Mobile heat pump unit includes refrigerant circulation loop, air circulation loop, heat carrier circulation loop, refrigerant circulation loop is respectively with the air circulation loop and heat carrier circulation loop heat exchange type connection;Heat carrier circulation loop can be heat exchanged with pond;Mobile photovoltaic unit is used to supply power to mobile aquaculture system inside required electrical equipment;Mobile photovoltaic unit can self-adapting position and inclination angle posture adjustment, so that solar photovoltaic panel posture and position are in the best power generation and sunshade state.Compared with prior art, the present application is combined with solar photovoltaic power generation characteristics, heat pump energy grade promotion characteristics and water product growth characteristics, and the light and simple design is carried out to water aquaculture system to realize the convenient movement and efficient integration of facility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of optoelectronic technology and heat pump technology, and in particular to a mobile aquaculture system based on an optoelectronic-air source heat pump. Background Technology

[0002] As living standards rise, people's demand for food diversity and health benefits is growing stronger. Aquatic products, rich in nutrients and with tender, delicious meat, are extremely beneficial to human health, leading to the rapid development of the aquaculture industry.

[0003] Currently, factory-style aquaculture is a new type of aquaculture model that is supported by my country. By integrating environmental engineering, civil engineering, electronic information and other disciplines, it promotes my country's aquaculture industry to gradually enter a stage of high added value, high density, refinement and industrialization. However, for ordinary farmers, the application of this aquaculture model still has the following problems: (1) The initial fixed cost is too high. Factory-style aquaculture requires a large amount of investment in the early stage to purchase land, factory buildings, aquaculture facilities and seedling materials, which ordinary farmers cannot afford to replicate the profits of large enterprises; (2) Agricultural land cannot be industrially hardened. Agricultural aquaculture sites are mostly located in remote areas and ponds are scattered, making it difficult to centrally deploy and install large fixed facilities for factory-style aquaculture; (3) The aquaculture technology requirements are too high. Fish, shrimp and crabs can only grow and reproduce normally within a suitable temperature and oxygen content range, otherwise they will stop growing or even die. Therefore, temperature control and oxygen supply technology are crucial. Factory-style aquaculture requires high-precision control in water quality management, stocking density, and feeding time, which is difficult for ordinary farmers to achieve and the technical operation costs are too high; (4) the energy consumption of aquaculture is too high. During the factory-style aquaculture process, the monitoring and control equipment needs to be in working condition throughout the process to maintain a comfortable water environment. The annual power consumption of the equipment is too high, and ordinary farmers have to bear extremely high electricity expenses because the government cannot expand the dedicated power grid. In conclusion, the factory-style aquaculture model is not suitable for ordinary farmers to replicate the profits of large enterprises. Only by solving the above fundamental problems can ordinary farmers achieve low operating difficulty, high economic benefits and strong environmental protection characteristics in aquaculture.

[0004] Patent CN 11086211 A discloses an integrated heat pump unit for heating and oxygenation in aquaculture. This unit replaces the traditional boiler with an air-source heat pump for energy supply and incorporates multiple small blowers within the heat pump unit for centralized oxygenation of multiple ponds. This technology improves system energy efficiency to some extent, simplifies unit configuration by integrating heating and oxygenation equipment, and reduces technical control difficulty through pre-set control box programs. However, a single heat pump unit must simultaneously meet the heating and oxygenation needs of multiple ponds. The operation requires significant electrical power to ensure sufficient air pressure for the blowers to provide centralized oxygenation over long distances. Furthermore, the size of the heat pump increases proportionally with the heating load, making equipment transportation and installation difficult.

[0005] Patent CN 215454373 U discloses an integrated agricultural and fishery photovoltaic module-based aquaculture system for rural revitalization. This system utilizes an air-source heat pump, a Roots blower, and solar photovoltaic panels to provide heating, oxygenation, and power generation during the aquaculture process. The technology involves installing fixed photovoltaic panels on the aquaculture ponds, leveraging the characteristics of photovoltaic power generation to collect and convert solar energy. The generated electricity is then fed into the grid, offsetting some of the costs. Similarly, the technology reduces the difficulty of technical control by pre-setting the control box program. However, the fixed photovoltaic panel structure keeps the ponds in a shaded environment year-round, suitable only for aquaculture plants and animals that do not like sunlight. For aquaculture, this not only affects the development and quality of aquatic products but also significantly reduces the direct absorption of solar energy in low-temperature environments, increasing the need for pond heating and thus raising system operating costs.

[0006] It is not difficult to see that, apart from the inventions mentioned above, most innovations in existing aquaculture systems and models focus on meeting the maximum aquaculture demand throughout the year. They choose the form of one unit serving multiple ponds (i.e., one unit serving dozens of ponds) to efficiently integrate traditional fixed large-scale heating and oxygenation systems with renewable energy, artificial intelligence, or functional equipment. They have not considered simplifying the overall system design to make each aquaculture device mobile.

[0007] It is evident that researchers urgently need to address the aforementioned aquaculture problems faced by ordinary farmers by endowing equipment with convenient mobility attributes. Furthermore, it is essential to maximize aquaculture efficiency while minimizing the weight, cost, and power consumption of the aquaculture equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a mobile aquaculture system based on a photovoltaic-air source heat pump. By combining the characteristics of solar photovoltaic power generation, the energy quality enhancement characteristics of heat pumps, and the growth characteristics of aquatic products, the aquaculture system (such as heat pump units, photovoltaic units, and oxygen supply units) is designed in a simplified manner to achieve convenient mobility and efficient integration of facilities. Then, by adopting the aquaculture mode proposed in this invention, which combines seasonal, tiered aquaculture with centralized equipment leasing, the aquaculture efficiency can be maximized while minimizing the weight of aquaculture equipment, costs, and power consumption.

[0009] It is evident that this invention facilitates win-win cooperation among the government, enterprises, and farmers, ultimately enabling the mobility of aquaculture equipment, cutting-edge technologies, and the consumer economy in the aquaculture process.

[0010] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0011] This invention provides a mobile aquaculture system based on a photovoltaic-air source heat pump, comprising a mobile heat pump unit, a mobile photovoltaic unit, and a mobile oxygen supply unit.

[0012] The mobile heat pump unit includes a refrigerant circulation loop, an air circulation loop, and a refrigerant circulation loop, wherein the refrigerant circulation loop is connected to the air circulation loop and the refrigerant circulation loop in a heat exchange manner.

[0013] The refrigerant circulation loop is capable of exchanging heat with the pond.

[0014] The mobile photovoltaic unit is used to supply power to the electrical equipment within the mobile aquaculture system.

[0015] The mobile photovoltaic unit can adaptively adjust its position and tilt angle, so that the solar photovoltaic panels are in the optimal state for power generation and shading.

[0016] Furthermore, the refrigerant circulation loop includes a water source heat exchanger first heat exchange channel, an electronic expansion valve, an air source heat exchanger, an axial flow fan, a four-way reversing valve, and a compressor connected in sequence by copper pipes. The inlet and outlet ends of the compressor are respectively connected to two ports of the four-way reversing valve, and the other two ports of the four-way reversing valve are respectively connected to one end of the water source heat exchanger first heat exchange channel and one end of the air source heat exchanger refrigerant heat exchange channel.

[0017] The four-way reversing valve can change the heating / cooling mode of the heat pump by changing the connection between the compressor and the water source heat exchanger and the air source heat exchanger.

[0018] In heating mode, the interface in the four-way reversing valve connected to the compressor exhaust end and the interface connected to the first heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger are interconnected, and the interface in the four-way reversing valve connected to the compressor intake end and the interface connected to the air source heat exchanger are interconnected.

[0019] In cooling mode, the interface in the four-way reversing valve connected to the compressor discharge end and the interface connected to the refrigerant passage of the air source heat exchanger are interconnected, as are the interfaces in the four-way reversing valve connected to the compressor suction end and the interface connected to the water source heat exchanger.

[0020] Furthermore, the air circulation loop includes the outer wall of the air source heat exchanger and an axial flow fan. After the ambient air exchanges heat with the outer wall of the air source heat exchanger, it is directly transported back to the environment by the axial flow fan.

[0021] The refrigerant circulation loop includes a second heat exchange channel of a water source heat exchanger, a buffer tank, a first shut-off valve, a hot water pipe, a second shut-off valve, and a water pump connected in sequence. The outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger to form a closed loop for refrigerant flow. The hot water pipe extends to the bottom of the pond to ensure sufficient heat exchange.

[0022] Furthermore, the mobile heat pump unit also includes a support frame for supporting the refrigerant circulation loop, the air circulation loop, and the refrigerant circulation loop;

[0023] The top of the support frame is provided with an air outlet for discharging the air after heat exchange with the air source heat exchanger; a dust cover is installed on the top of the air outlet to prevent dust from falling into the unit when it stops working.

[0024] The upper end of the support frame is equipped with filters on both the front and rear sides to filter impurities in the intake air and prevent impurities from adhering to the surface of the heat exchanger and reducing heat exchange performance. The lower end of the support frame has inlet and outlet pipes for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger installed on either the left or right side, with the inlet pipe located below the outlet pipe to ensure sufficient heat exchange. The other three sides of the lower end of the support frame are equipped with switchable operation windows for easy inspection and maintenance of the heat pump unit within the frame. The bottom of the support frame is fixedly connected to the base. The base has limit holes near the four right angles for securing the heat pump unit after transportation to the work site. The bottom of the base has casters near the four right angles for easy movement of the heat pump unit (since the heat pump unit only serves a single pond for aquaculture, its small size allows for easy movement). Furthermore, the mobile photovoltaic unit includes a solar photovoltaic panel, an inverter control unit, and a photovoltaic meter connected in sequence. The mobile photovoltaic unit also includes an energy storage device electrically connected to the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0025] The solar photovoltaic panel is also equipped with a displacement control component, which includes a support frame, a photovoltaic sun tracker, a lifting column, a connecting bearing, a mechanical buckle, and a mechanical moving belt.

[0026] The solar photovoltaic panels are mounted on a support frame above a plastic greenhouse above a pond. The photovoltaic sun tracker is connected to one side of the support frame to monitor the angle of illumination and irradiance.

[0027] The top of the lifting column is hinged to the lower surface of the support frame via a connecting bearing, and the bottom of the lifting column is fixedly connected to the mechanical moving belt via a mechanical buckle. The mechanical moving belt is installed inside the ground on both sides of the pond and fixedly connected to the ground. The mechanical moving belt can drive the lifting column to move horizontally by rotating gears.

[0028] Furthermore, the displacement control component also includes an integrated control box, which contains a power distribution mechanism, a lifting control mechanism, and a moving belt control mechanism;

[0029] The output end of the power distribution mechanism is connected to the inverter control unit and the energy storage device.

[0030] The output end of the lifting control mechanism is connected to the lifting column, and the angle of the solar photovoltaic panel can be changed by adjusting the height of the lifting column.

[0031] The output end of the moving belt control mechanism is connected to the mechanical moving belt. By adjusting the rotation of the gears of the mechanical moving belt, the horizontal position of the solar photovoltaic panel can be changed.

[0032] The photovoltaic panel displacement control component calculates the real-time solar altitude angle and azimuth angle based on the geographical location of the breeding site and the local time, so that the angle between the solar photovoltaic panel and the sunlight is closer to 90°. Combined with the pond temperature, the required shading area of ​​the pond is calculated. Then, by controlling the lifting mechanism and the moving belt control mechanism in the integrated control box, the solar photovoltaic panel is made to achieve the optimal tilt angle and horizontal displacement, thereby ensuring that the solar photovoltaic panel is in the best power generation and shading state.

[0033] The solar photovoltaic panel is mainly made of semiconductors. Under normal conditions, the atomic nuclei and electrons of the semiconductor atoms are tightly bound together (in a non-conductive state). However, after being exposed to light, the binding force between the atomic nuclei and electrons decreases, the atomic nuclei lose their constraint on the electrons, and the electrons become free electrons, thereby realizing photoelectric conversion.

[0034] The inverter control unit can convert the DC current from the photovoltaic panel into AC current that meets the equipment requirements, and can simultaneously control the entire photovoltaic power generation process.

[0035] The combined use of the photovoltaic meter and the energy storage device can accurately measure the amount of stored electrical energy, and through the power distribution mechanism in the integrated control box, it can achieve accurate output and control of the power required by each electrical appliance.

[0036] Furthermore, the mobile blower-based aeration subsystem consists of a blower and an air duct connected together; the air duct needs to extend deep into the bottom of the pond to ensure adequate aeration.

[0037] Furthermore, the monitoring and control subsystem includes a control box, a water temperature monitoring probe, and a water quality monitoring probe;

[0038] The control box is electrically connected to the compressor, axial flow fan, blower, water pump and integrated control box respectively. By receiving data from the water temperature monitoring probe and water quality monitoring probe, it controls the opening and closing of the compressor, axial flow fan, blower, water pump and power distribution mechanism in the integrated control box.

[0039] The water temperature monitoring probe and the water quality monitoring probe are placed inside the pond at one end and connected to the control box at the other end.

[0040] Furthermore, the system also includes basic fixed components, including a plastic greenhouse and a retractable straw mat; the plastic greenhouse is installed under the support frame and above the pond to improve the stability of parameters such as temperature in the pond; the retractable straw mat is laid on the plastic greenhouse and is usually in a retracted state, only being spread out at night in low-temperature environments to reduce the diffusion of heat from the inside of the pond to the outside environment.

[0041] Furthermore, the four working modes of aquaculture—oxygenation, power generation, heating, and cooling—can be adjusted through the control box, four-way reversing valve, and integrated control box.

[0042] In oxygenation mode, aquaculture ponds have an oxygenation requirement throughout the year. The oxygenation subsystem maintains its working state throughout the year. When the oxygen content data detected by the water quality monitoring probe is lower than the set value, the control box will turn on the blower power, and air will be transported to the bottom of the pond through the air duct for oxygenation until the oxygen content reaches the set value and then the system will stop.

[0043] In the power generation mode, the breeding area will be supplied with solar energy except in cloudy and rainy weather. Therefore, the photovoltaic power generation system will continue to operate throughout the year except in cloudy and rainy weather.

[0044] Furthermore, in the photovoltaic power generation system, the solar photovoltaic panel completes the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy based on the semiconductor photoelectric effect. The resulting direct current first flows through the inverter control unit to be converted into alternating current required by electrical equipment. The photovoltaic meter measures the amount of electricity generated by the solar photovoltaic panel and stores it in the energy storage device.

[0045] The power generated by the solar photovoltaic panels is preferentially used for electrical equipment in the system. When the power generation is greater than the total power consumption of the electrical equipment, all the power required by the electrical equipment is provided by the solar photovoltaic panels, and the remaining power is all output to the grid. When the power generation is less than the total power consumption of the electrical equipment, all the power generated by the solar photovoltaic panels is used for the electrical equipment in the system, and the insufficient part is supplied by the grid.

[0046] The switching between heating and cooling modes is related to the temperature inside the pond. Since the time during the aquaculture process when there is a need for cooling is relatively small throughout the year and can be solved by simple measures such as ventilation, the cooling mode in this system is only briefly introduced and is not included in the aquaculture process.

[0047] Furthermore, when the water temperature detected by the water temperature monitoring probe is lower than the set value, the four-way reversing valve will be switched to heating mode;

[0048] In the photovoltaic panel displacement control system, the system first calculates the required shading area of ​​the pond based on the pond temperature, and finally executes the optimal tilt angle and horizontal displacement through the lifting mechanism and moving belt control mechanism in the integrated control box to ensure the optimal shading state to match the actual heating demand.

[0049] In the heat pump cycle subsystem, the refrigerant circulation loop, the air circulation loop, and the refrigerant circulation loop are operating normally.

[0050] With the first and second shut-off valves opened, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor flows through the first heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger and is cooled by the low-temperature refrigerant water pumped to the second heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger. Then, the low-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant flows into the electronic expansion valve for throttling and pressure reduction, and then enters the air source heat exchanger to exchange heat with the ambient air transported by the axial flow fan. Finally, the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas flowing out of the air source heat exchanger enters the compressor through the four-way reversing valve, and the compressed high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas flows back into the first heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger, completing the refrigerant cycle and air cycle.

[0051] The refrigerant water heated in the second heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger passes through the buffer water tank and the first shut-off valve in sequence, and flows into the hot water pipe in the pond to heat the pond and maintain the comfort of the water temperature in the pond under low temperature conditions; then, the cooled refrigerant water flows through the second shut-off valve and is pumped back to the second heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger by the water pump to complete the refrigerant heating cycle.

[0052] Furthermore, when the water temperature detected by the water temperature monitoring probe is higher than the set value, the four-way reversing valve will be switched to cooling mode.

[0053] In the photovoltaic panel displacement control system, the system first calculates the required shading area of ​​the pond based on the pond temperature, and finally executes the optimal tilt angle and horizontal displacement through the lifting mechanism and moving belt control mechanism in the integrated control box to ensure the optimal shading state to match the actual cooling requirements.

[0054] The refrigerant circulation loop, air circulation loop, and refrigerant circulation loop in the heat pump cycle subsystem are operating normally.

[0055] Opening the first and second shut-off valves allows the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor to enter the refrigerant channel of the air source heat exchanger, where it exchanges heat with the ambient air transported by the axial flow fan. Then, the cooled, low-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant flows into the electronic expansion valve for throttling and pressure reduction, subsequently entering the first heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger to absorb heat from the coolant water pumped into the second heat exchange channel. Finally, the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas flowing out of the first heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger passes through a four-way reversing valve and enters the compressor. The compressed, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas then flows back into the refrigerant channel of the air source heat exchanger, completing the refrigerant and air circulation cycle.

[0056] The refrigerant water cooled in the second heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger is pumped to the second shut-off valve and flows into the hot water pipe in the pond to cool the pond and maintain a comfortable water temperature in the pond under high temperature conditions. Then, the refrigerant water that has absorbed heat enters the first shut-off valve and the buffer tank in sequence, and is finally pumped back to the second heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger to complete the refrigerant refrigeration cycle.

[0057] Based on the aforementioned mobile aquaculture system based on photovoltaic + air source heat pump, since its heat pump unit, photovoltaic unit and oxygen supply unit can all be easily moved, this invention also provides an aquaculture model that combines seasonal, tiered aquaculture with centralized equipment leasing for this system.

[0058] Taking the standard climate of normal areas as an example (excluding extreme climates), the annual temperature variation trend usually follows a normal distribution, that is, the temperature is high in summer and autumn and low in winter and spring; in addition, except for cloudy and rainy weather, solar energy can be continuously collected and utilized; thus, it can be concluded that photovoltaic power generation can be carried out throughout the year in aquaculture and there is a need for oxygenation and electricity consumption, while the heating demand is mostly concentrated in spring and winter.

[0059] Furthermore, the aforementioned seasonal tiered aquaculture refers to the tiered variation in the actual number of ponds put into use throughout the year in different seasons.

[0060] Taking the conventional settings as an example, the climate is colder in winter and spring, the solar radiation intensity is lower, and the breeding cost is higher, but it is close to the Spring Festival. After taking into account the scarcity value, 25% and 50% of the ponds can be used respectively. The climate is more suitable in summer and autumn, the solar radiation intensity is higher, the breeding cost is lower, and it is close to holidays such as summer vacation, Dragon Boat Festival, and Mid-Autumn Festival. After taking into account the supply and demand, 75% and 100% of the ponds can be used respectively.

[0061] Furthermore, the centralized equipment leasing means that, apart from the direct material costs of purchasing land from the government and buying seedlings, all other equipment required for aquaculture technology (mobile heat pump units, mobile photovoltaic units, mobile oxygen supply units, etc.) are provided by the lessor; the lessor customizes the equipment leasing status for aquaculture based on the annual usage of the aforementioned ponds.

[0062] By applying the above-mentioned aquaculture model, it is possible to achieve 100% electricity generation from photovoltaic panels on the ponds throughout the year, 50% electricity consumption from the ponds in spring, 100% electricity consumption from the ponds in summer, 75% electricity consumption from the ponds in autumn, and 25% electricity consumption from the ponds in winter, which cleverly matches the differences in electricity consumption of aquaculture and solar radiation intensity with seasonal changes.

[0063] This invention discloses a mobile aquaculture system based on a photovoltaic-air source heat pump. By combining the characteristics of solar photovoltaic power generation, the energy quality enhancement characteristics of heat pumps, and the growth characteristics of aquatic products, the aquaculture system (such as heat pump units, photovoltaic units, and oxygen supply units) is designed in a simplified manner to achieve convenient mobility and efficient integration of facilities. Furthermore, by adopting the aquaculture model proposed in this invention, which combines seasonal, tiered-quantity aquaculture with centralized equipment leasing, maximum aquaculture efficiency can be achieved while minimizing equipment weight, cost, and power consumption. Simultaneously, it promotes win-win cooperation among the government, enterprises, and farmers, ultimately realizing the mobility of aquaculture equipment, cutting-edge technology, and consumer economy in the aquaculture process.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0065] 1. This invention abandons the traditional large-scale centralized heating and oxygenation system for aquaculture and adopts a one-to-one service model for aquaculture with a complete system. This not only significantly reduces the maximum working load of the heat pump unit, making the overall structure of the unit lightweight and reducing manufacturing costs, but also eliminates the wind pressure head loss caused by long-distance transmission of oxygen supply equipment, reducing unnecessary power consumption.

[0066] 2. This invention proposes and employs a mobile heat pump unit. By installing casters on the heat pump unit and combining it with a lightweight structural design, it can be readily accessed during aquaculture. By giving the heat pump unit convenient mobility, it can be used alternately in applications other than aquaculture, overcoming the problem that conventional heat pump units can only operate in fixed locations and are difficult to transport. At the same time, the mobile heat pump unit also avoids the equipment being idle for long periods throughout the year in fixed application locations, maximizing the economic benefits of the heat pump unit.

[0067] 3. Compared with the overall fixed system, the mobile heat pump unit proposed and adopted in this invention can quickly replace the faulty equipment when it fails. This avoids the large-scale stagnation or even death of aquatic products caused by the need for on-site maintenance and long-term interruption of service to the pond due to the traditional fixed system. It greatly improves the stability and reliability of farmers' aquaculture process.

[0068] 4. This invention proposes and employs a mobile photovoltaic unit and its displacement control components. By mechanically combining solar photovoltaic panels with lifting columns and mechanical moving belts, and integrating a photovoltaic sun tracker with a comprehensive control box, the photovoltaic panels can achieve the optimal power generation tilt angle and solar absorption shading area based on the geographical location of the aquaculture site and local time. Therefore, the mobile photovoltaic unit can not only improve the installation angle of the photovoltaic panels in real time, thereby significantly increasing solar energy utilization, but also adjust the horizontal position of the photovoltaic panels (i.e., the shading area) to change the absorption of solar energy by the pond, thus maintaining the stability of temperature parameters within the pond. Furthermore, by installing the photovoltaic panels on top of plastic greenhouses, this invention reduces the land area required, lowers land purchase costs for aquaculture farmers, and also provides rain and hail protection for the greenhouses, enhancing their stability.

[0069] 5. The aquaculture system of this invention cleverly utilizes the photovoltaic effect of renewable and clean solar energy and its inexhaustible and excellent characteristics, and efficiently combines it with a mobile air source heat pump unit; the electrical energy generated by the solar photovoltaic panels is stored in the energy storage device, which can supply power to the electrical equipment in the system in real time or connect to the grid; accordingly, the system of this invention can ultimately achieve self-sufficiency in most of the electrical energy in the aquaculture process, eliminate the problem of high electricity costs for farmers due to the government's inability to expand the dedicated power grid, significantly reduce aquaculture costs, and increase farmers' enthusiasm for aquaculture;

[0070] 6. The aquaculture system of this invention has a retractable straw mat laid on the plastic greenhouse, which can be used to enhance the heat preservation performance of the pond at night in low temperature climate, reduce the heat loss from the pond to the outside, reduce the heating load of the system, and reduce the aquaculture cost for farmers;

[0071] 7. This invention proposes and adopts a seasonal, tiered aquaculture model. This model comprehensively considers the actual sales of aquatic products at different times of the year and the optimal stocking density of ponds in the aquaculture area. Combining scarcity and the added value brought by holidays, it customizes the number of ponds actually used in different seasons throughout the year. The application of this model not only matches the power consumption of electrical appliances in the ponds with the difference in power generation caused by seasonal changes in photovoltaic power generation, but also reduces the possibility of supply shortages or oversupply during the aquaculture process, and greatly improves the economic efficiency and stability of aquaculture.

[0072] 8. This invention provides an feasible technical solution for the centralized leasing of aquaculture systems. The mobile unit design enables rapid installation, intelligent management, and boundary recovery of the units. For aquaculture farmers, this not only reduces initial investment costs and mitigates aquaculture risks but also provides access to professional technicians for technical support. For equipment lessors, this not only creates profit opportunities but also enhances cooperation and communication between the company and farmers, allowing for technological upgrades and modifications in practical applications. For the national government, this provides a new technological impetus for the development of my country's aquaculture industry. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the aquaculture system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the aquaculture model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a mobile heat pump unit in an aquaculture system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and installation of the mobile photovoltaic unit and its control system in the aquaculture system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the mobile photovoltaic unit and its control system in the aquaculture system of the present invention under different heating demands at the same geographical location and at the same time.

[0078] In the following figure labels, "1-" represents the corresponding figure number, and the digit after "-" represents the numerical label in the corresponding figure.

[0079] Figure 11-1 is a water source heat exchanger, 1-2 is an electronic expansion valve, 1-3 is an air source heat exchanger, 1-4 is an axial flow fan, 1-5 is a four-way reversing valve, 1-6 is a compressor, 1-7 is a buffer water tank, 1-8 is a water pump, 1-9 is an inverter control unit, 1-10 is a photovoltaic meter, 1-11 is an energy storage device, 1-12 is a power grid, 1-13 is a photovoltaic panel, 1-14 is a support frame, 1-15 is a photovoltaic sun tracker, 1-16 is a connecting bearing, 1-17 is a lifting column, 1-18 is a mechanical buckle, 1-19 is a mechanical moving belt, 1-20 is a gear, and 1-21 is a water... Pond, 1-22 is hot water exchange pipe, 1-23 is telescopic straw mat, 1-24 is plastic greenhouse, 1-25 is control box, 1-26 is integrated control box, 1-27 is blower, 1-28 is water temperature monitoring probe, 1-29 is water quality monitoring probe, 1-30 is first shut-off valve, 1-31 is second shut-off valve, 1-32, 1-33, 1-34, 1-35, 1-36, 1-37 are copper pipes, 1-38, 1-39, 1-40, 1-41 are PVC water pipes, 1-42, 1-43, 1-44, 1-45, 1-46 are electrical wires, 1-47 is air duct;

[0080] Figure 3 3-1 is the heat pump body, 3-2 is the heat pump frame, 3-3 is the water outlet pipe, 3-4 is the water inlet pipe, 3-5 is the air outlet, 3-6 is the dust cover, 3-7 is the filter screen, 3-8 is the switchable operation window, 3-9 is the base, 3-10 is the limit hole, and 3-11 is the moving roller.

[0081] Figure 4 4-1 is the photovoltaic panel, 4-2 is the support frame, 4-3 is the photovoltaic sun tracker, 4-4 is the plastic greenhouse, 4-5 is the connecting bearing, 4-6 is the lifting column, 4-7 is the mechanical moving belt, 4-8 is the gear, and 4-9 is the mechanical buckle;

[0082] In Figure 5 (divided into 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3), 5-1 is the photovoltaic panel, 5-2 is the support frame, 5-3 is the photovoltaic sun tracker, 5-4 is the plastic greenhouse, 5-5 is the connecting bearing, 5-6 is the lifting column, 5-7 is the mechanical moving belt, 5-8 is the gear, 5-9 is the mechanical buckle, 5-10 is the pond, 5-11 is the control box, 5-12 is the water temperature monitoring probe, 5-13 is the water quality monitoring probe, 5-14 is the integrated control box, and 5-15 and 5-16 are the wires. Detailed Implementation

[0083] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Any structural / module names, control modes, algorithms, processes, or composition ratios not explicitly described in this technical solution are considered common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0084] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0085] Example 1

[0086] This embodiment provides a mobile aquaculture system using a photoelectric-air source heat pump (see [link]). Figure 1 (See Figure 5) This system is used to achieve energy-saving temperature control and oxygen supply in aquaculture. The entire system includes a heat pump circulation subsystem, a photovoltaic power generation system, an oxygenation subsystem, a monitoring and control subsystem, and corresponding connecting pipes and basic fixed components. Among them, the heat pump circulation subsystem, the photovoltaic power generation system, and the oxygenation subsystem can be set up independently, corresponding to the mobile heat pump unit, the mobile photovoltaic unit, and the mobile oxygen supply unit in the aquaculture equipment, respectively.

[0087] Mobile heat pump units (see) Figure 3 The heat pump mainly consists of an air source heat pump body 3-1, including a compressor, condenser, throttling device, and evaporator, which are the working equipment for refrigeration and heating. A support frame 3-2 is installed outside the heat pump body 3-1. An air outlet 3-5 is installed on the top of the support frame 3-2 to allow air to be discharged after heat exchange with the heat exchanger. A dust cover 3-6 is installed on the top of the air outlet 3-5 to prevent dust from falling into the unit when it stops working. Filters 3-7 are installed on the front and rear sides of the upper end of the support frame 3-2 to filter impurities in the intake air and prevent impurities from adhering to the surface of the heat exchanger and reducing heat exchange performance. A sleeve-type filter is installed on the lower left or right side of the support frame 3-2. The inlet and outlet pipes of the heat exchanger are arranged such that the inlet pipe 3-4 is located below the outlet pipe 3-3 to ensure sufficient heat exchange; the other three sides of the lower end of the support frame 3-2 are equipped with switchable operation windows 3-8 for easy inspection and maintenance of the heat pump unit inside the frame; the bottom of the support frame 3-2 is fixedly connected to the base 3-9; the base 3-9 is provided with limit holes 3-10 near the four right angles for fixing the heat pump unit after it is transported to the work site; the bottom of the base 3-9 is provided with moving rollers 3-11 near the four right angles to facilitate the easy movement of the heat pump unit (because the heat pump unit only serves aquaculture in a single pond, its small size allows for easy movement).

[0088] The heat pump circulation subsystem within the mobile heat pump unit (see...) Figure 1 This includes the refrigerant circulation loop, the air circulation loop, and the refrigerant circulation loop;

[0089] The refrigerant circulation loop includes a water source heat exchanger 1-1's first heat exchange channel 1-1A, an electronic expansion valve 1-2, an air source heat exchanger 1-3, an axial flow fan 1-4, a four-way reversing valve 1-5, and a compressor 1-6, which are connected in sequence by copper pipes 1-32, 1-33, 1-34, 1-35, 1-36, and 1-37. The inlet and outlet ends of the compressor 1-6 are respectively connected to two ports of the four-way reversing valve 1-5, and the other two ports are respectively connected to one end of the first heat exchange channel 1-1A of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 and one end of the refrigerant heat exchange channel of the air source heat exchanger 1-3.

[0090] The four-way reversing valve 1-5 can change the heating / cooling mode of the heat pump by altering the connection between the compressor 1-6 and the water source heat exchanger 1-1 and the air source heat exchanger 1-3. In heating mode, the port 1-5D of the four-way reversing valve 1-5 connected to the discharge end of the compressor 1-6 and the port 1-5C connected to the first heat exchange channel 1-1A of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 are interconnected. The port 1-5B of the four-way reversing valve 1-5 connected to the suction end of the compressor 1-6 and the port 1-5C connected to the air source heat exchanger 1-3 are also interconnected. The interfaces 1-5A of the refrigerant 1-3 are interconnected; in the cooling mode, the interfaces 1-5D of the four-way reversing valve 1-5 connected to the discharge end of the compressor 1-6 and the interface 1-5A of the refrigerant passage of the air source heat exchanger 1-3 are interconnected, and the interfaces 1-5B of the four-way reversing valve 1-5 connected to the suction end of the compressor 1-6 and the interface 1-5C connected to the first heat exchange passage 1-1A of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 are interconnected. Through the above connections, a closed loop of refrigerant flow is finally formed.

[0091] The air circulation loop includes an air source heat exchanger 1-3 and an axial flow fan 1-4. After the ambient air exchanges heat with the air source heat exchanger 1-3, it is directly transported back to the environment by the axial flow fan 1-4.

[0092] The refrigerant circulation loop includes the second heat exchange channel 1-1B of the water source heat exchanger 1-1, the buffer water tank 1-7, the first shut-off valve 1-30, the hot water exchange pipe 1-22, the second shut-off valve 1-31, and the water pump 1-8, which are connected in sequence by PVC pipes 1-38, 1-39, 1-40, and 1-41. The outlet of the water pump 1-8 is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange channel 1-1B of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 to form a closed loop for the refrigerant flow. The hot water exchange pipe 1-22 needs to extend to the bottom of the pond 1-21 to achieve sufficient heat exchange.

[0093] Mobile photovoltaic units (see) Figure 1 and Figure 4The main components consist of solar photovoltaic panels 1-13, an inverter control unit 1-9, a photovoltaic meter 1-10, energy storage equipment 1-11, and a power grid 1-12. In addition, the photovoltaic panels 1-13 are also equipped with a displacement control assembly consisting of a support frame 1-14, a photovoltaic tracking device 1-15, a connecting bearing 1-16, a lifting column 1-17, a mechanical buckle 1-18, a mechanical moving belt 1-19, and a comprehensive control box 1-26.

[0094] Solar photovoltaic panels 1-13 are installed on the upper part of the plastic greenhouse 1-24 via support frames 1-14 and laid along the length of the support frames 1-14; a photovoltaic sun tracker 1-15 is connected to one side of the support frame 1-14 and can monitor the light angle and irradiance in real time; the top of the lifting column 1-17 is hinged to the lower surface of the support frame 1-14 via a connecting bearing 1-16, and the bottom of the lifting column 1-17 is fixedly connected to the mechanical moving belt 1-19 via a mechanical buckle 1-18; the mechanical moving belt 1-19 is installed inside the ground on both sides of the pond 1-21 and fixedly connected to the ground, and the mechanical moving belt 1-19 can drive the lifting column 1-17 to move horizontally by rotating the gear 1-20;

[0095] The displacement control assembly also includes a comprehensive control box 1-26, which contains a power distribution mechanism, a lifting control mechanism, and a moving belt control mechanism. The output of the power distribution mechanism is connected to the inverter control unit 1-9 and the energy storage device 1-11. The output of the lifting control mechanism is connected to the lifting column 1-17, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel 1-13 can be changed by adjusting the height of the lifting column 1-17. The output of the moving belt control mechanism is connected to the mechanical moving belt 1-19, and the horizontal position of the photovoltaic panel 1-13 can be changed by adjusting the rotation of the gear 1-20 of the mechanical moving belt.

[0096] The photovoltaic panel displacement control component (see Figure 5) can calculate the real-time solar altitude angle and azimuth angle based on the geographical location of the aquaculture site and the local time. The closer the angle between the photovoltaic panel 1-13 and the sunlight is to 90°, the better the photovoltaic panel's power generation effect. Then, combined with the temperature of the pond 1-21, the required shading area of ​​the pond can be calculated. The higher the water temperature, the less solar energy the pond needs to absorb, and the larger the shading area needs to be. Finally, by controlling the lifting mechanism and the moving belt control mechanism in the integrated control box 1-26, the photovoltaic panel 1-13 can achieve the optimal tilt angle and horizontal displacement to ensure that it is in the best power generation and shading state.

[0097] Photovoltaic power generation system within mobile photovoltaic units (see) Figure 1 This includes photovoltaic panels 1-13, inverter control unit 1-9, photovoltaic meter 1-10, energy storage device 1-11, and power grid 1-12, which are connected in sequence by wires 1-42, 1-43, and 1-44.

[0098] Photovoltaic panels 1-13 are mainly made of semiconductors. Under normal conditions, the atomic nuclei and electrons of semiconductors are tightly bound together (in a non-conductor state). However, after being exposed to light, the binding force between the atomic nuclei and electrons decreases, the atomic nuclei lose their constraint on the electrons, and the electrons become free electrons, thereby realizing photoelectric conversion.

[0099] The inverter control unit 1-9 can convert the DC current from the photovoltaic panels 1-13 into AC current that meets the equipment requirements, and can simultaneously control the entire photovoltaic power generation process.

[0100] The combined use of photovoltaic meter 1-10 and energy storage device 1-11 can accurately measure the amount of stored electrical energy, and through the power distribution mechanism in the integrated control box 1-26, it can achieve accurate output and control of the power required by each electrical appliance.

[0101] Mobile blower internal oxygenation subsystem (see) Figure 1 It is configured independently of the above system and consists of blower 1-27 and air duct 1-47 connected together; air duct 1-47 needs to be inserted deep into the bottom of pond 1-21 to ensure sufficient oxygenation;

[0102] Monitoring and control subsystem (see) Figure 1 The system includes a control box 1-25, a water temperature monitoring probe 1-28, and a water quality monitoring probe 1-29. The control box 1-25 is electrically connected to the compressor 1-6, axial flow fan 1-4, blower 1-27, water pump 1-8, and integrated control box 1-26. By receiving data from the water temperature monitoring probe 1-28 and the water quality monitoring probe 1-29, it controls the opening and closing of the power distribution mechanisms within the compressor 1-6, axial flow fan 1-4, blower 1-27, water pump 1-8, and integrated control box 1-26. One end of the water temperature monitoring probe 1-28 and the water quality monitoring probe 1-29 are placed inside the pond 1-21, and the other end is connected to the control box 1-25. The program within the control box 1-25 is pre-set; the user only needs to input the set values ​​for automatic adjustment.

[0103] Basic fixing components (see) Figure 1 The system includes a plastic greenhouse 1-24 and a retractable straw mat 1-23. The plastic greenhouse 1-24 is installed below the support frame 1-14 and above the pond 1-21 to improve the stability of parameters such as temperature in the pond. The retractable straw mat 1-23 is laid on the plastic greenhouse 1-24 and is usually in a retracted state. It is only laid out at night in low-temperature environments to reduce the diffusion of heat from the pond to the outside environment.

[0104] Based on the above system description, this embodiment can realize four working modes of aquaculture: oxygenation, power generation, heating, and cooling through three major control devices: control box 1-25, four-way reversing valve 1-5, and integrated control box 1-26.

[0105] In oxygenation mode, since there is an oxygenation requirement in the ponds of aquaculture throughout the year, the oxygenation subsystem will remain in operation all year round. When the oxygen content data monitored by the water quality monitoring probe 1-29 is lower than the set value, the control box 1-25 will turn on the power of the blower 1-27, and the air will be transported to the bottom of the pond 1-21 through the air duct 1-47 for oxygenation until the oxygen content reaches the set value and then the system will stop.

[0106] In the power generation mode, the breeding area will be supplied with solar energy except during cloudy and rainy weather. Therefore, the photovoltaic power generation system will continue to work throughout the year except during cloudy and rainy weather.

[0107] In the photovoltaic panel displacement control component, the system first calculates the real-time solar altitude angle and azimuth based on the geographical location of the breeding site and the local time. Finally, the lifting mechanism in the integrated control box 1-26 executes the optimal tilt angle to ensure the best photovoltaic panel power generation state.

[0108] In the photovoltaic power generation system, photovoltaic panels 1-13 convert solar energy into electrical energy based on the semiconductor photoelectric effect. The resulting direct current first flows through the inverter control unit 1-9 to be converted into alternating current required by electrical equipment. Photovoltaic meters 1-10 measure the electricity generated by photovoltaic panels 1-13 and store it in energy storage device 1-11. The electricity generated by photovoltaic panels 1-13 is preferentially used by electrical equipment in the system (blower 1-27 is given priority). When the electricity generation is greater than the total power consumption of the equipment, all the electricity required by the electrical equipment is provided by photovoltaic panels 1-13, and the remaining electricity is fed into the grid. When the electricity generation is less than the total power consumption of the electrical equipment, all the electricity generated by photovoltaic panels 1-13 is used by the electrical equipment in the system (blower 1-27 is given priority), and the insufficient part is supplied by the grid 1-12.

[0109] The switching between heating and cooling modes is related to the temperature inside the pond. Since the time during the aquaculture process when there is a need for cooling is relatively small throughout the year and can be solved by simple measures such as ventilation, the cooling mode in this system is only briefly introduced and is not included in the aquaculture process.

[0110] When the water temperature detected by the water temperature monitoring probe 1-28 is lower than the set value, the four-way reversing valve 1-5 needs to be switched to heating mode.

[0111] In the photovoltaic panel displacement control component, the system first calculates the required shading area of ​​the pond based on the temperature of the pond 1-21. Finally, through the lifting mechanism and the moving belt control mechanism in the integrated control box 1-26, the optimal tilt angle and horizontal displacement are executed to ensure the optimal shading state to match the actual heating demand.

[0112] The refrigerant circulation loop, air circulation loop, and secondary refrigerant circulation loop in the heat pump cycle subsystem are operating normally.

[0113] Opening the first shut-off valve 1-30 and the second shut-off valve 1-31, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1-6 flows through the first heat exchange channel 1-1A of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 and is cooled by the low-temperature refrigerant water in the second heat exchange channel 1-1B of the water source heat exchanger 1-1, which is pumped by the water pump 1-8. Then, the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows into the electronic expansion valve 1-2 for throttling and pressure reduction, and then enters the air source heat exchanger 1-3 to exchange heat with the ambient air delivered by the axial flow fan 1-4. Finally, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas flowing out of the air source heat exchanger 1-3 enters the compressor 1-6 through the four-way reversing valve 1-5. The compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas flows back into the first heat exchange channel 1-1A of the water source heat exchanger 1-1, completing the refrigerant circulation and air circulation.

[0114] The refrigerant water heated in the second heat exchange channel 1-1B of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 passes sequentially through the buffer water tank 1-7 and the first shut-off valve 1-30, and flows into the hot water pipe 1-22 in the water pond 1-21 to heat the water pond and maintain the comfortable water temperature in a low-temperature environment; then, the cooled refrigerant water flows through the second shut-off valve 1-31 and is pumped back to the second heat exchange channel 1-1B of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 by the water pump 1-8, completing the refrigerant heating cycle;

[0115] When the water temperature detected by the water temperature monitoring probe 1-28 is higher than the set value, the four-way reversing valve 1-5 needs to be switched to cooling mode.

[0116] In the photovoltaic panel displacement control component, the system first calculates the required shading area of ​​the pond based on the temperature of the pond 1-21. Finally, through the lifting mechanism and the moving belt control mechanism in the integrated control box 1-26, the optimal tilt angle and horizontal displacement are executed to ensure the best shading state to match the actual cooling requirements.

[0117] The refrigerant circulation loop, air circulation loop, and secondary refrigerant circulation loop in the heat pump cycle subsystem are operating normally.

[0118] Opening the first shut-off valve 1-30 and the second shut-off valve 1-31 allows the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1-6 to enter the refrigerant channel of the air source heat exchanger 1-3, where it exchanges heat with the ambient air transported by the axial flow fan 1-4. Then, the cooled, low-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant flows into the electronic expansion valve 1-2 for throttling and pressure reduction, and subsequently enters the first heat exchange channel 1-1A of the water source heat exchanger 1-1, absorbing heat from the refrigerant water in the second heat exchange channel 1-1B of the water source heat exchanger 1-1, which is pumped by the water pump 1-8. Finally, the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas flowing out of the first heat exchange channel 1-1A of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 passes through the four-way reversing valve 1-5 and enters the compressor 1-6. The compressed, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas then flows back into the refrigerant channel of the air source heat exchanger 1-3, completing the refrigerant and air circulation.

[0119] The refrigerant water cooled in the second heat exchange channel 1-1B of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 is pumped by the water pump 1-8 to the second shut-off valve 1-31 and flows into the hot water pipe 1-22 in the water pond 1-21 to cool the water pond and maintain the comfort of the water temperature in a high-temperature environment. Then, the refrigerant water that has absorbed heat enters the first shut-off valve 1-30 and the buffer water tank 1-7 in sequence, and is finally pumped back to the second heat exchange channel 1-1B of the water source heat exchanger 1-1 by the water pump 1-8 to complete the refrigerant refrigeration cycle.

[0120] Based on the aforementioned mobile aquaculture system using a photovoltaic-air source heat pump, since the heat pump unit, photovoltaic unit, and oxygen supply unit can all be easily moved, this invention also provides an aquaculture model that combines seasonal, tiered-quantity aquaculture with centralized equipment leasing (see...). Figure 2 ).

[0121] Taking the standard climate of normal areas as an example (excluding extreme climates), the annual temperature variation trend usually follows a normal distribution, that is, the temperature is high in summer and autumn and low in winter and spring; in addition, except for cloudy and rainy weather, solar energy can be continuously collected and utilized; thus, it can be concluded that photovoltaic power generation can be carried out throughout the year in aquaculture and there is a need for oxygenation and electricity consumption, while the heating demand is mostly concentrated in spring and winter.

[0122] Taking the conventional settings as an example, the climate is colder in winter and spring, the solar radiation intensity is lower, and the breeding cost is higher, but it is close to the Spring Festival. After taking into account the scarcity value, 25% and 50% of the ponds can be used respectively. The climate is more suitable in summer and autumn, the solar radiation intensity is higher, the breeding cost is lower, and it is close to holidays such as summer vacation, Dragon Boat Festival, and Mid-Autumn Festival. After taking into account the supply and demand, 75% and 100% of the ponds can be used respectively.

[0123] Centralized equipment leasing means that, apart from the direct material costs of purchasing land from the government and buying seedlings, all other equipment required for aquaculture technology (such as mobile heat pump units, mobile photovoltaic units, and mobile oxygen supply units) is provided by the lessor. The lessor customizes the equipment leasing status for aquaculture based on the annual usage of the ponds. Through the application of this aquaculture model, it is possible to achieve 100% electricity generation from photovoltaic panels on the ponds throughout the year, with 50% of the ponds consuming electricity in spring, 100% in summer, 75% in autumn, and 25% in winter, cleverly matching the differences in electricity consumption and solar radiation intensity with seasonal variations in aquaculture.

[0124] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mobile aquaculture system based on a photoelectric-air source heat pump, characterized in that, This includes mobile heat pump units, mobile photovoltaic units, and mobile oxygen supply units; The mobile heat pump unit includes a refrigerant circulation loop, an air circulation loop, and a refrigerant circulation loop, wherein the refrigerant circulation loop is connected to the air circulation loop and the refrigerant circulation loop in a heat exchange manner. The refrigerant circulation loop is capable of exchanging heat with the pond. The mobile photovoltaic unit is used to supply power to the electrical equipment within the mobile aquaculture system. The mobile photovoltaic unit can adaptively adjust its position and tilt angle, so that the solar photovoltaic panels are in the optimal state for power generation and shading. The refrigerant circulation loop includes a water source heat exchanger first heat exchange channel, an electronic expansion valve, an air source heat exchanger, an axial flow fan, a four-way reversing valve and a compressor connected in sequence by copper pipes. The inlet and outlet of the compressor are respectively connected to two ports of the four-way reversing valve, and the other two ports of the four-way reversing valve are respectively connected to one end of the water source heat exchanger first heat exchange channel and one end of the refrigerant heat exchange channel of the air source heat exchanger. The four-way reversing valve can change the heating / cooling mode of the heat pump by changing the connection between the compressor and the water source heat exchanger and the air source heat exchanger. In heating mode, the interface in the four-way reversing valve connected to the compressor exhaust end and the interface connected to the first heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger are interconnected, and the interface in the four-way reversing valve connected to the compressor intake end and the interface connected to the air source heat exchanger are interconnected. In cooling mode, the interface in the four-way reversing valve connected to the compressor discharge end and the interface connected to the refrigerant heat exchange channel of the air source heat exchanger are interconnected, and the interface in the four-way reversing valve connected to the compressor suction end and the interface connected to the first heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger are interconnected. The mobile photovoltaic unit includes a solar photovoltaic panel, an inverter control unit, and a photovoltaic meter connected in sequence. The mobile photovoltaic unit also includes an energy storage device electrically connected to the solar photovoltaic panel. The solar photovoltaic panel is also equipped with a displacement control component, which includes a support frame, a photovoltaic sun tracker, a lifting column, a connecting bearing, a mechanical buckle, and a mechanical moving belt. The solar photovoltaic panels are mounted on a support frame above a plastic greenhouse above a pond. The photovoltaic sun tracker is connected to one side of the support frame to monitor the angle of illumination and irradiance. The top of the lifting column is hinged to the lower surface of the support frame via a connecting bearing, and the bottom of the lifting column is fixedly connected to the mechanical moving belt via a mechanical buckle. The mechanical moving belt is installed inside the ground on both sides of the pond and fixedly connected to the ground. The mechanical moving belt can drive the lifting column to move horizontally by rotating gears. The displacement control component also includes an integrated control box, which contains a power distribution mechanism, a lifting control mechanism, and a moving belt control mechanism. The output end of the power distribution mechanism is connected to the inverter control unit and the energy storage device. The output end of the lifting control mechanism is connected to the lifting column, and the angle of the solar photovoltaic panel can be changed by adjusting the height of the lifting column. The output end of the moving belt control mechanism is connected to the mechanical moving belt. By adjusting the rotation of the gears of the mechanical moving belt, the horizontal position of the solar photovoltaic panel can be changed. The displacement control component calculates the real-time solar altitude angle and azimuth angle based on the geographical location and local time of the breeding site, so that the angle between the solar photovoltaic panel and the sunlight approaches 90°. Combined with the pond temperature, the required shading area of ​​the pond is calculated. Then, by controlling the lifting mechanism and the moving belt control mechanism in the integrated control box, the solar photovoltaic panel is made to reach the optimal tilt angle and horizontal displacement, thereby ensuring that the solar photovoltaic panel is in the optimal state for power generation and shading.

2. The mobile aquaculture system of photoelectric-air source heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air circulation loop includes the outer wall of the air source heat exchanger and an axial flow fan. After the ambient air exchanges heat with the outer wall of the air source heat exchanger, it is directly transported back to the environment by the axial flow fan. The refrigerant circulation loop includes a second heat exchange channel of a water source heat exchanger, a buffer tank, a first shut-off valve, a hot water pipe, a second shut-off valve, and a water pump connected in sequence. The outlet of the water pump is connected to the inlet of the second heat exchange channel of the water source heat exchanger to form a closed loop for refrigerant flow. The hot water pipe extends to the bottom of the pond to ensure sufficient heat exchange.

3. The mobile aquaculture system based on a photoelectric-air source heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile heat pump unit also includes a support frame for supporting the refrigerant circulation loop, the air circulation loop and the refrigerant circulation loop. The top of the support frame is provided with an air outlet for discharging the air after heat exchange with the air source heat exchanger; a dust cover is installed on the top of the air outlet to prevent dust from falling into the unit when it stops working. The support frame is equipped with filters on the front and rear sides of the upper end to filter impurities in the intake air and prevent impurities from adsorbing onto the surface of the heat exchanger and reducing heat exchange performance; the base of the support frame is equipped with casters to facilitate the movement of the heat pump unit.

4. A mobile aquaculture system based on a photoelectric-air source heat pump according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mobile aquaculture system of the photovoltaic-air source heat pump also includes a monitoring and control subsystem; The monitoring and control subsystem includes a control box, a water temperature monitoring probe, and a water quality monitoring probe; The control box is electrically connected to the compressor, axial flow fan, blower, water pump and integrated control box respectively. By receiving data from the water temperature monitoring probe and water quality monitoring probe, it controls the opening and closing of the compressor, axial flow fan, blower, water pump and power distribution mechanism in the integrated control box. The water temperature monitoring probe and the water quality monitoring probe are placed inside the pond at one end and connected to the control box at the other end.

5. A mobile aquaculture system based on a photoelectric-air source heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control box, four-way reversing valve, and integrated control box enable the adjustment of four working modes for aquaculture: oxygenation, power generation, heating, and cooling. In oxygenation mode, aquaculture ponds have an oxygenation requirement throughout the year. The blower will remain in operation throughout the year. When the oxygen content data detected by the water quality monitoring probe is lower than the set value, the control box will turn on the blower power. Air will be transported to the bottom of the pond through the air duct for oxygenation until the oxygen content reaches the set value and then the blower will stop. In the power generation mode, the breeding area will be supplied with solar energy except in cloudy and rainy weather. Therefore, the mobile photovoltaic unit will continue to work throughout the year except in cloudy and rainy weather.

6. A mobile aquaculture system based on a photoelectric-air source heat pump according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the mobile photovoltaic unit, the solar photovoltaic panel completes the conversion of solar energy to electrical energy based on the semiconductor photoelectric effect. The resulting DC power first flows through the inverter control unit to be converted into AC power required by electrical equipment. The photovoltaic meter measures the power generated by the solar photovoltaic panel and stores it in the energy storage device. The power generated by the solar photovoltaic panels is preferentially used for electrical equipment in the system. When the power generation is greater than the total power consumption of the electrical equipment, all the power required by the electrical equipment is provided by the solar photovoltaic panels, and the remaining power is all output to the grid. When the power generation is less than the total power consumption of the electrical equipment, all the power generated by the solar photovoltaic panels is used for the electrical equipment in the system, and the insufficient part is supplied by the grid.

7. A mobile aquaculture system based on a photoelectric-air source heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the water temperature detected by the water temperature monitoring probe is lower than the set value, the four-way reversing valve is switched to heating mode; in the displacement control component, the system first calculates the required shading area of ​​the pond based on the pond temperature, and finally executes the optimal tilt angle and horizontal displacement through the lifting mechanism and moving belt control mechanism in the integrated control box to ensure the optimal shading state to match the actual heating demand; in the mobile heat pump unit, the refrigerant circulation loop, air circulation loop and refrigerant circulation loop are working normally; When the water temperature detected by the water temperature monitoring probe is higher than the set value, the four-way reversing valve is switched to cooling mode; in the displacement control component, the system first calculates the required shading area of ​​the pond based on the pond temperature, and finally executes the optimal tilt angle and horizontal displacement through the lifting mechanism and moving belt control mechanism in the integrated control box to ensure the optimal shading state to match the actual cooling requirements; the refrigerant circulation loop, air circulation loop and refrigerant circulation loop in the mobile heat pump unit are working normally.

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