Machine tool spindle vibration detection method and related devices

Abstract

This application discloses a method and related apparatus for detecting the vibration state of a machine tool spindle. The method includes: in response to a reference tool being mounted on the machine tool spindle, acquiring reference spindle vibration parameters across the entire rotational speed range after the machine tool spindle starts, and acquiring reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle; constructing reference vibration data based on the reference spindle vibration parameters and the reference operating parameters, resulting in a vibration database composed of reference vibration data corresponding to multiple reference tools; wherein each reference tool corresponds to tool parameters, which at least include the size information and motion variables of the reference tool, and the reference vibration data is used to detect the vibration state of the test tool with the tool parameters on the machine tool spindle. This solution can improve the detection efficiency of the machine tool spindle vibration state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of metal cutting machine tools, and in particular to a method and related apparatus for detecting the vibration state of a machine tool spindle. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the core functional components of metal cutting machine tools, the vibration generated by the machine tool spindle during high-speed operation is transmitted to the machine tool. The vibration state of the machine tool spindle affects the machining efficiency and tool life of the machine tool. At the same time, abnormal vibration of the machine tool spindle can also significantly reduce the dynamic accuracy of the machine tool and the machining quality of the workpiece. Therefore, how to improve the detection efficiency of machine tool spindle vibration has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main technical problem addressed by this application is to provide a method and related apparatus for detecting the vibration state of a machine tool spindle, which can improve the detection efficiency of the vibration state of the machine tool spindle.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a first aspect of this application provides a method for detecting the vibration state of a machine tool spindle, comprising: in response to a reference tool being mounted on the machine tool spindle, acquiring reference spindle vibration parameters over the entire rotational speed range after the machine tool spindle is started, and acquiring reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle; constructing reference vibration data based on the reference spindle vibration parameters and the reference operating parameters, thereby obtaining a vibration database composed of the reference vibration data corresponding to multiple reference tools; wherein each reference tool corresponds to tool parameters, the tool parameters including at least the size information of the reference tool and the motion variables of the reference tool, and the reference vibration data being used to detect the vibration state of a test tool having the tool parameters on the machine tool spindle.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a second aspect of this application provides an electronic device comprising: a memory and a processor coupled to each other, wherein the memory stores program data, and the processor invokes the program data to execute the method described in the first aspect.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a third aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program data thereon, wherein the program data, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0007] The above scheme, in response to the reference tool being mounted on the machine tool spindle, acquires reference spindle vibration parameters across the entire speed range after the machine tool spindle starts, as well as reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle, to facilitate rapid acquisition of the machine tool spindle's vibration state. Based on the reference spindle vibration parameters and reference operating parameters, reference vibration data is constructed, resulting in a vibration database composed of reference vibration data corresponding to multiple reference tools. Each reference tool corresponds to tool parameters, which at least include the tool's dimensional information and motion variables to distinguish tool types. The reference vibration data is used to detect the vibration state of the test tool with the provided tool parameters on the machine tool spindle. By establishing the vibration database, the vibration state of the test tool on the machine tool spindle can be quickly viewed, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the machine tool spindle's vibration state. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0009] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of the machine tool spindle vibration state detection method of this application;

[0010] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A flowchart of an embodiment following step S103;

[0011] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the electronic device of this application;

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the computer-readable storage medium of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of the machine tool spindle vibration state detection method of this application. The method includes:

[0015] S101: In response to the reference tool being mounted on the machine tool spindle, acquire reference spindle vibration parameters over the entire speed range after the machine tool spindle starts, and acquire reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle.

[0016] Specifically, after the reference tool is installed on the machine tool spindle, the machine tool spindle is started, and the vibration parameters of the reference spindle within the full speed range after the machine tool spindle is started are obtained, as well as the reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle, so as to quickly obtain the vibration state of the machine tool spindle.

[0017] In one application, the machine tool control system integrates a data acquisition device. After the reference tool is installed on the machine tool spindle, the machine tool spindle is started. The data acquisition device is used to acquire the reference spindle vibration parameters within the full speed range after the machine tool spindle starts, as well as the reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle.

[0018] In another application, the machine tool control system has a corresponding data acquisition device. When the reference tool is installed on the machine tool spindle, the machine tool spindle is started, and the reference spindle vibration parameters within the full speed range after the machine tool spindle is started are acquired from the data acquisition device, as well as the reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle are uploaded by the data acquisition device.

[0019] In a specific application scenario, the machine tool control system has a coupled vibration sensor and a current sensor. When the reference tool is installed on the machine tool spindle, the machine tool control system starts the machine tool spindle and obtains reference spindle vibration parameters, which are composed of vibration velocity, vibration acceleration and vibration displacement in the full speed range after the machine tool spindle starts, collected and uploaded by the vibration sensor, and reference working parameters, which are composed of the working current of the spindle motor and servo motor driving the machine tool spindle, collected and uploaded by the current sensor.

[0020] S102: Based on the reference spindle vibration parameters and reference working parameters, construct reference vibration data to obtain a vibration database composed of reference vibration data corresponding to multiple reference tools; wherein, each reference tool has corresponding tool parameters, and the tool parameters include at least the size information of the reference tool and the motion variables of the reference tool. The reference vibration data is used to detect the vibration state of the test tool with tool parameters on the machine tool spindle.

[0021] Specifically, based on the acquired reference spindle vibration parameters and reference working parameters, reference vibration data is constructed to obtain a vibration database composed of reference vibration data corresponding to multiple reference tools. Each reference tool has its own tool parameters, which include at least the size information and motion variables of the reference tool to distinguish tool types. The size information includes the tool length and tool diameter, and the motion variables include the tool rotation and feed rate. The reference vibration data is used to detect the vibration state of the test tool with the tool parameters on the machine tool spindle. By establishing the vibration database, it is easy to quickly view the vibration state of the test tool on the machine tool spindle, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the machine tool spindle vibration state.

[0022] In one application method, a reference vibration data model matching the tool parameters corresponding to the reference tool is constructed based on the reference spindle vibration parameters and reference working parameters of the reference tool, resulting in a vibration database composed of multiple reference vibration data models.

[0023] In another application, the information of each reference tool is filled into a pre-established data table, and the obtained reference spindle vibration parameters and reference working parameters are filled into the data column of the corresponding reference tool to construct reference vibration data and obtain a vibration database composed of multiple reference vibration data.

[0024] In another application, reference vibration data is constructed using reference spindle vibration parameters and reference working parameters to obtain a vibration database composed of multiple reference vibration data. The tool parameters of the reference tool are used as index values ​​for the reference spindle vibration parameters and reference working parameters so that the corresponding reference vibration data can be found based on the tool parameters.

[0025] The above scheme, in response to the reference tool being mounted on the machine tool spindle, acquires reference spindle vibration parameters across the entire speed range after the machine tool spindle starts, as well as reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle, to facilitate rapid acquisition of the machine tool spindle's vibration state. Based on the reference spindle vibration parameters and reference operating parameters, reference vibration data is constructed, resulting in a vibration database composed of reference vibration data corresponding to multiple reference tools. Each reference tool corresponds to tool parameters, which at least include the tool's dimensional information and motion variables to distinguish tool types. The reference vibration data is used to detect the vibration state of the test tool with the provided tool parameters on the machine tool spindle. By establishing the vibration database, the vibration state of the test tool on the machine tool spindle can be quickly viewed, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the machine tool spindle's vibration state.

[0026] In one implementation scenario, the step S101 of obtaining the reference spindle vibration parameters within the full speed range after the machine tool spindle starts specifically includes: obtaining the vibration signal of the machine tool spindle from start-up to maximum speed; and obtaining the reference spindle vibration parameters based on the vibration signal; wherein the reference spindle vibration parameters are at least related to the vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, and vibration displacement of the machine tool spindle.

[0027] Specifically, the vibration signal of the machine tool spindle from startup to maximum speed is acquired, and the acquired vibration signal is calculated, converted, and processed. The data processing of the vibration signal includes filtering and gross error removal, so as to accurately obtain the reference spindle vibration parameters related to the vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, and vibration displacement of the machine tool spindle.

[0028] In one application scenario, vibration sensors are used to collect vibration signals from the machine tool spindle from startup to maximum speed. The collected vibration signals are then calculated, converted, and processed to obtain reference spindle vibration parameters.

[0029] Furthermore, acquiring the vibration signal of the machine tool spindle from startup to maximum speed specifically includes: acquiring multiple speed values ​​of the machine tool spindle preset from startup to maximum speed; acquiring the rotation time corresponding to each speed value of the machine tool spindle, and acquiring multiple vibration signals within the corresponding speed value interval based on each rotation time.

[0030] Specifically, the machine tool spindle acquires multiple preset speed values ​​from startup to maximum speed, and acquires the rotation time corresponding to each speed value, and acquires multiple vibration signals within the corresponding rotation time period for each speed value.

[0031] In one implementation scenario, after obtaining the vibration parameters of the reference spindle based on the vibration signal, the process further includes: obtaining the vibration characteristic curve of the reference spindle based on the vibration parameters of the reference spindle, each rotation speed value, and each rotation time; wherein, the vibration characteristic curve of the reference spindle includes at least the relationship curve between the rotation speed value and the vibration velocity of the reference spindle, the relationship curve between the rotation speed value and the vibration acceleration of the reference spindle, the relationship curve between the rotation speed value and the vibration displacement of the reference spindle, the relationship curve between the rotation time and the vibration velocity of the reference spindle, the relationship curve between the rotation time and the vibration acceleration of the reference spindle, and the relationship curve between the rotation time and the vibration displacement of the reference spindle.

[0032] Specifically, the reference spindle vibration parameters are related to the vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, and vibration displacement of the machine tool spindle. That is, the reference spindle vibration parameters include vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, and vibration displacement. A relationship curve is constructed between the vibration velocity and rotational speed values ​​and the vibration velocity of the reference spindle; a relationship curve is constructed between the vibration acceleration and rotational speed values ​​and the vibration acceleration of the reference spindle; a relationship curve is constructed between the vibration displacement and rotational speed values ​​and the vibration displacement of the reference spindle; a relationship curve is constructed between the rotational time and the vibration velocity of the reference spindle; a relationship curve is constructed between the rotational time and the vibration acceleration of the reference spindle; and a relationship curve is constructed between the rotational time and the vibration displacement of the reference spindle. The reference spindle vibration characteristic curve, composed of these various relationship curves, allows operators to more intuitively observe the vibration state of the machine tool spindle, thereby improving the efficiency of machine tool spindle vibration state detection.

[0033] Among them, the curves showing the relationship between the rotational speed and the vibration velocity of the reference spindle, the curves showing the relationship between the rotational speed and the vibration acceleration of the reference spindle, and the curves showing the relationship between the rotational speed and the vibration displacement of the reference spindle are the frequency domain characteristic curves of the reference spindle vibration. The curves showing the relationship between the rotational time and the vibration velocity of the reference spindle, the curves showing the relationship between the rotational time and the vibration acceleration of the reference spindle, and the curves showing the relationship between the rotational time and the vibration displacement of the reference spindle are the time domain characteristic curves of the reference spindle vibration.

[0034] Furthermore, in step S102, constructing reference vibration data based on reference spindle vibration parameters and reference operating parameters specifically includes: constructing reference vibration data based on reference spindle vibration characteristic curves and reference operating parameters.

[0035] Specifically, reference vibration data is constructed based on the reference spindle vibration characteristic curve and reference operating parameters to enable operators to more quickly detect the vibration status of the machine tool spindle.

[0036] In one application scenario, the values ​​of the reference working parameters are set on each of the relationship curves in the vibration characteristic curve of the reference spindle to obtain reference vibration data. The relationship curves correspond to curve graphs, and the values ​​of the reference working parameters are set at preset corners of the curve graphs to facilitate comparison between the relationship curves and the reference working parameters.

[0037] In another application scenario, based on reference working parameters and rotation time, parameter curves of reference working parameters and rotation time are obtained. These parameter curves are then superimposed on the rotation time-related curves in the reference spindle vibration characteristic curve to obtain reference vibration data, which facilitates correlation analysis of the changing relationships.

[0038] In one implementation scenario, obtaining the reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle in step S101 specifically includes: obtaining the first current of the spindle motor driving the machine tool spindle to rotate and the second current of the servo motor driving the machine tool spindle to move; wherein, the first current and the second current constitute the reference operating parameters.

[0039] It should be noted that the spindle motor is mainly responsible for driving the machine tool spindle to rotate and driving the tool mounted on the spindle to rotate, while the servo motor is mainly responsible for the machine tool's feed and driving the tool mounted on the spindle to move towards the workpiece. The reference operating parameters are obtained by acquiring the first current of the spindle motor and the second current of the servo motor, so that the operator can obtain the operating status of the spindle motor and the servo motor according to the reference operating parameters, thereby ensuring that the machine tool can operate normally.

[0040] Further, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 for Figure 1 A flowchart of an embodiment following step S103 is shown. Step S103 specifically includes:

[0041] S201: In response to the tool under test being mounted on the machine tool spindle, acquire the vibration parameters of the spindle under test within at least a portion of its rotational speed range after the machine tool spindle is started, and acquire the operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle.

[0042] Specifically, after the tool to be tested is installed on the machine tool spindle, the machine tool spindle is started, and the vibration parameters of the spindle to be tested within at least a part of the rotational speed range after the machine tool spindle is started are obtained, as well as the operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle are obtained, so as to quickly obtain the vibration state of the machine tool spindle.

[0043] S202: Construct the vibration data to be measured based on the vibration parameters of the spindle to be measured and the operating parameters to be measured.

[0044] Specifically, vibration data is constructed based on the vibration parameters of the spindle to be measured and the operating parameters to be measured.

[0045] S203: Based on the vibration data to be tested and the vibration database, detect the vibration state of the tool under test on the machine tool spindle.

[0046] Specifically, based on the vibration data to be tested and the vibration database, the vibration state of the tool under test on the machine tool spindle is detected to ensure the normal operation of the machine tool after the tool under test is installed on the machine tool spindle.

[0047] In one application method, the tool parameters of the tool under test are obtained, reference vibration data of the tool parameters are extracted from the vibration database, and the vibration state of the tool under test on the machine tool spindle is determined based on the reference vibration data and the vibration data of the same tool parameters.

[0048] In a specific application scenario, after the tool under test is installed on the machine tool spindle, the machine tool spindle is started, and the vibration parameters of the spindle under test within the full speed range after the machine tool spindle is started are acquired. The operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle are also acquired, and the vibration data under test is constructed. The acquired vibration data within the full speed range is saved, and the saved vibration data and vibration database are provided to the R&D personnel to facilitate the subsequent R&D and improvement of the machine tool.

[0049] In another specific application scenario, after the tool to be tested is installed on the machine tool spindle, the machine tool spindle is started, and the vibration parameters of the spindle to be tested after the spindle rotates and the working parameters of the motor driving the spindle to be tested are acquired in real time to construct the vibration data to be tested. This allows the operator to monitor the vibration state of the machine tool spindle in real time, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the machine tool.

[0050] Optionally, after constructing the vibration data to be measured based on the vibration parameters of the spindle to be measured and the working parameters to be measured, the method further includes: in response to the tool parameters of the tool to be measured being different from the tool parameters of all reference tools, adding the vibration data to be measured as reference vibration data to the vibration database to update the vibration database, and using the tool to be measured as the reference tool.

[0051] Specifically, when the tool parameters of the tool under test are different from the tool parameters of all reference tools in the vibration database, the acquired vibration data under test is added to the vibration database as reference vibration data to update the vibration database, and the tool under test is used as a new reference tool, thereby improving the performance of the vibration database.

[0052] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the electronic device of this application. The electronic device 30 includes a memory 303 and a processor 300 coupled to each other. The memory 303 stores program data, and the processor 300 calls the program data to execute the data transmission method of any of the above embodiments. For related explanations, please refer to the detailed description of the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0053] It should be noted that processor 300 can also be referred to as CPU (Center Processing Unit). Processor 300 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. Processor 300 can also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. Furthermore, processor 300 can be implemented using integrated circuit chips.

[0054] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium 40 according to one embodiment of the present application. The computer-readable storage medium 40 stores program data 400, which is used to implement the data transmission method described in any of the above embodiments. For further details on related content, please refer to the detailed description of the above method embodiments; it will not be repeated here.

[0055] It should be noted that the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0056] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0057] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0058] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the vibration state of a machine tool spindle, characterized in that, include: In response to the reference tool being mounted on the machine tool spindle, reference spindle vibration parameters are acquired over the entire speed range after the machine tool spindle is started, and reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle are acquired. Based on the reference spindle vibration parameters and the reference working parameters, reference vibration data is constructed to obtain a vibration database composed of reference vibration data corresponding to multiple reference tools; wherein, each reference tool corresponds to tool parameters, the tool parameters include at least the size information of the reference tool and the motion variables of the reference tool, and the reference vibration data is used to detect the vibration state of the test tool with the tool parameters on the machine tool spindle; The step of obtaining reference spindle vibration parameters across the entire rotational speed range after the machine tool spindle starts includes: Acquire the vibration signal of the machine tool spindle from startup to maximum speed; Based on the vibration signal, the vibration parameters of the reference spindle are obtained; wherein the vibration parameters of the reference spindle are at least related to the vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, and vibration displacement of the machine tool spindle. The acquisition of the vibration signal of the machine tool spindle from startup to maximum speed includes: Obtain multiple preset speed values ​​of the machine tool spindle from startup to the maximum speed; The rotation time corresponding to each rotation speed value of the machine tool spindle is obtained, and based on each rotation time, multiple vibration signals within the corresponding rotation speed value interval are obtained; After obtaining the reference spindle vibration parameters based on the vibration signal, the method further includes: Based on the reference spindle vibration parameters, each rotational speed value, and each rotational time, a reference spindle vibration characteristic curve is obtained; wherein, the reference spindle vibration characteristic curve includes at least the relationship curves between the rotational speed value and the vibration velocity of the reference spindle, the relationship curves between the rotational speed value and the vibration acceleration of the reference spindle, the relationship curves between the rotational speed value and the vibration displacement of the reference spindle, the relationship curves between the rotational time and the vibration velocity of the reference spindle, the relationship curves between the rotational time and the vibration acceleration of the reference spindle, and the relationship curves between the rotational time and the vibration displacement of the reference spindle. The step of obtaining the reference operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle includes: The first current of the spindle motor that drives the machine tool spindle to rotate and the second current of the servo motor that drives the machine tool spindle to move are obtained; wherein the first current and the second current constitute the reference operating parameters.

2. The method for detecting the vibration state of a machine tool spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of reference vibration data based on the reference spindle vibration parameters and the reference operating parameters includes: The reference vibration data is constructed based on the reference spindle vibration characteristic curve and the reference operating parameters.

3. The method for detecting the vibration state of a machine tool spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that, After constructing reference vibration data based on the reference spindle vibration parameters and the reference working parameters to obtain a vibration database composed of reference vibration data corresponding to multiple reference tools, the method further includes: In response to the tool under test being mounted on the machine tool spindle, the vibration parameters of the spindle under test within at least a portion of its rotational speed range are acquired after the machine tool spindle is started, and the operating parameters of the motor driving the machine tool spindle are acquired. Based on the vibration parameters of the spindle to be measured and the operating parameters to be measured, the vibration data to be measured is constructed. Based on the vibration data to be tested and the vibration database, the vibration state of the tool under test on the machine tool spindle is detected.

4. The method for detecting the vibration state of a machine tool spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that, After constructing the vibration data based on the vibration parameters of the spindle to be measured and the operating parameters to be measured, the method further includes: In response to the fact that the tool parameters of the tool under test are different from the tool parameters of all the reference tools, the vibration data to be tested is added to the vibration database as the reference vibration data to update the vibration database, and the tool under test is used as the reference tool.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor are coupled to each other, wherein the memory stores program data, and the processor invokes the program data to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. A computer-readable storage medium storing program data thereon, characterized in that, When the program data is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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