A biomass fuel production line

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of biomass fuel production technology and discloses a biomass fuel production line, including a raw material silo, a pellet mill, a material elevator, and a finished product silo. The raw material silo is connected to the pellet mill via a first conveying device, the pellet mill to the material elevator via a second conveying device, and the material elevator to the raw material silo via a third conveying device. Each of the pellet mill, material elevator, third conveying device, and finished product silo is equipped with ducts connected to a dust removal device. The dust removal equipment of this invention removes dust particles generated during pellet mill operation and material transport through a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The dust particles fall into a collection box, and clean air is discharged, thus protecting the environment and the health of operators. The suction fan, while drawing in air and creating airflow, also removes heat from the pellets and the raw material silo, achieving a cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass fuel production technology, specifically to a biomass fuel production line. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass briquettes are made primarily from agricultural and forestry residues. The process involves slicing, crushing, impurity removal, refining, screening, mixing, softening, conditioning, extrusion, drying, cooling, quality inspection, and packaging to produce environmentally friendly briquettes. This clean, low-carbon renewable energy source offers a long combustion time, high furnace temperature, and is economical and environmentally friendly, making it a superior alternative to conventional fossil fuels. Biomass briquettes can be used in the processing of textiles, dyeing, papermaking, food, rubber, plastics, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals to provide hot water for heating, bathing, air conditioning, and domestic use in businesses, government offices, hotels, schools, restaurants, and service industries.

[0003] Compared with other production methods, biomass solidification molding has the advantages of simple production processes and equipment, ease of operation, and ease of industrialization and large-scale use. If crop straw solidification molding is effectively developed and utilized to replace raw coal, it will be of great significance for effectively alleviating energy shortages, controlling organic waste pollution, protecting the ecological environment, and promoting harmonious development between humans and nature.

[0004] Chinese patent CN108211991A discloses a straw biomass pellet production line, including a raw material inlet, a raw material bin, a pulse dust collector bin, a main feeding auger, a distribution auger, a buffer bin, a small auger, at least one biomass pellet mill, a cyclone dust collector bin, a finished product conveyor belt, and a finished product bin. Heating elements are provided above and / or below the ring die assembly of the biomass pellet mill. The heating elements are located in grooves and are circular, coinciding with the axis of the ring die assembly. Furthermore, the biomass pellet mill internally includes a control system comprising a heating control mechanism, a pellet mill control mechanism, a feeding machine control mechanism, and a main start button. The heating control mechanism, pellet mill control mechanism, and feeding machine control mechanism are electrically connected in parallel, and the heating control mechanism, pellet mill control mechanism, and feeding machine control mechanism are electrically connected in series with the main start button. The heating control mechanism contains a temperature sensor, a temperature control resistor, and heating elements. In current actual production processes, a large amount of dust particles are generated, which has an adverse effect on the environment and the health of operators. At the same time, it can also penetrate into the equipment and cause damage. In addition, there are heat dissipation problems during the production and storage processes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A biomass fuel production line includes a raw material silo, a pellet mill, a material elevator, and a finished product silo. The raw material silo and the pellet mill are connected by a first conveying device, the pellet mill and the material elevator are connected by a second conveying device, and the material elevator and the raw material silo are connected by a third conveying device. Each of the pellet mill, material elevator, third conveying device, and finished product silo is equipped with ducts connected to a dust removal device. The third conveying device is a scraper conveyor, which includes an outer shell. A conveying plate is provided in the upper part of the outer shell. Drive rollers are provided between both ends of the outer shell. One end of one drive roller is connected to a drive mechanism, which is located on the outer shell. The two drive rollers are connected by a drive chain. Several scraper assemblies are evenly distributed on the drive chain. An outwardly inclined guide plate is provided at the top of the conveying plate. A baffle is vertically installed on the outer side of the plate. An upper guard plate is installed on the inward side of the top of the baffle. The upper guard plate has an L-shaped structure. A chain channel is formed between the upper guard plate, the baffle, and the guide plate. The transmission chain passes through the chain channel. The scraper assembly includes a mounting plate. The two sides of the mounting plate are detachably connected to the transmission chain. Scraping brushes are also inclinedly installed on the lower part of the two sides of the mounting plate. The lower bristles of the scraping brushes are in contact with the guide plate. A scraper strip is detachably connected to the lower end of the mounting plate. The upper surface of the scraper strip is inclined. The two sides of the front end of the scraper strip are provided with protrusions. A guide plate is vertically installed on the outer side of the protrusions. The rear part of the bottom surface of the scraper strip is provided with a concave step surface. Several sets of figure-eight brush strips are provided on the step surface. The end with the larger opening faces the forward direction of the scraper assembly. The several sets of figure-eight brush strips are symmetrically arranged around the center line of the scraper strip.

[0007] Furthermore, both the first conveying device and the second conveying device are skirt conveyors.

[0008] Furthermore, a buffer raw material bin is provided between the first conveying device and the pellet mill, and a stirring cage conveyor is provided at the outlet of the buffer raw material bin. The other end of the stirring cage conveyor is connected to the feed inlet of the pellet mill.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust removal device includes a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The air inlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the inner cavity of the pellet mill through an air duct. The air outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the air inlet of the suction fan through an air duct. The air outlet of the suction fan is connected to the air inlet of the bag filter. A collection box is provided below the discharge port of the cyclone separator and the bag filter.

[0010] Furthermore, the material hoist, the third conveying device, and the finished product warehouse are all equipped with air inlets for connecting to the cyclone separator via air ducts.

[0011] Furthermore, a weighing device is installed on the first conveying device, and both the weighing device and the drive motor of the first conveying device are connected to the control system.

[0012] Furthermore, an electrically controlled valve is installed at the discharge port of the raw material silo, and the electrically controlled valve is connected to the control system.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the biomass fuel production line provided by this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the dust removal equipment of this invention allows dust particles generated during the production process, including those produced by the pellet mill and those stirred up during material transport by the material elevator and scraper conveyor, to be drawn into the inlet of the cyclone separator. Under the action of centrifugal force, the particles are thrown against the wall of the separator. Once the dust particles come into contact with the wall, they lose their inertial force and fall along the wall surface due to the momentum of their downward axial velocity near the wall, entering the ash discharge pipe at the lower end and falling into the collection box from the discharge port. The rotating and descending outer swirling airflow continuously flows into the center of the separator during its descent, forming a centripetal radial airflow. This part of the airflow constitutes the rotating and upward inner swirling flow. The rotation directions of the inner and outer swirling flows are the same. Finally, the purified gas is discharged from the separator through the exhaust pipe, and some of the finer dust particles that were not separated also escape with it. Another small portion of the gas flowing in from the inlet pipe passes through the top cover of the cyclone separator and flows downwards along the outside of the exhaust pipe. When it reaches the lower end of the exhaust pipe, it merges with the rising inner swirling airflow and enters the exhaust pipe. Fine particles dispersed in this upward swirling airflow are also carried away and finally enter the bag filter for further dust removal. The dust particles fall into the collection box, and clean air is discharged, protecting the environment and the health of operators. The dust particles in the collection box can be fed back into the raw material silo for further production of biomass fuel pellets. The suction fan, while drawing in air and creating airflow, also carries away heat from the pellets and raw material silo, thus cooling the area. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dust removal equipment and duct layout structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third conveying device structure in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a side view of the scraper assembly in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a top view of the scraper assembly in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the scraper assembly in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0023] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, in this embodiment, a biomass fuel production line includes a raw material silo 1, a pellet mill 2, a material elevator 3, and a finished product silo 7. One end of a first conveying device 4 is located below the discharge port of the raw material silo 1. A buffer raw material silo 14 is provided between the first conveying device 4 and the pellet mill 2. The discharge end of the first conveying device 4 is located above the inlet of the buffer raw material silo 14. A stirring conveyor 9 is provided at the discharge port of the buffer raw material silo 14, and the other end of the stirring conveyor 9 is connected to the inlet of the pellet mill 2. The first conveying device 4 transports material from the raw material silo 1 to the buffer raw material silo 14. One end of a second conveying device 5 is located below the discharge port of the pellet mill 2, and the other end of the second conveying device 5 is connected to the inlet of the material elevator 3. In this embodiment, both the first conveying device 4 and the second conveying device 5 are skirt conveyors. The skirt conveyor features a large material conveying angle, large conveying capacity, higher lifting height, smooth transition from horizontal to inclined or vertical, and suitability for conveying easily falling powdery, granular, small lump, paste, and liquid materials. The discharge port of the material elevator 3 is connected to the inlet of the third conveying device 6. In this embodiment, the third conveying device 6 is located on the top of the plant and has multiple discharge ports, all located above the inlet of the raw material silo 1. In this embodiment, the third conveying device 6 is a scraper conveyor. Scraper conveyors have advantages such as simple structure, arbitrary feeding or unloading along the conveying length, robust overall structure, and sealed casing, which can prevent dust from flying and polluting the environment during material conveying. In this embodiment, the dust removal device includes a cyclone separator 10 and a bag filter 11. The air inlet of the cyclone separator 10 is connected to the inner cavity of the pellet mill 2, the material elevator 3, the third conveying device 6, and the finished product silo 7 through an air duct 8. The air outlet of the cyclone separator 10 is connected to the air inlet of the suction fan 12 through an air duct 8. The air outlet of the suction fan 12 is connected to the air inlet of the bag filter 11. A collection box 13 is provided below the discharge ports of the cyclone separator 10 and the bag filter 11.

[0024] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0025] In this embodiment, rice husks are used as the production raw material. After being crushed and dried, the rice husks are transported to the raw material silo 1 for storage via a material conveyor. During biomass fuel production, the crushed rice husks, hereinafter referred to as the material, fall through the discharge port located below the raw material silo 1 onto the skirted conveyor belt. The skirted conveyor belt transports the material to the buffer raw material silo 14, and then to the pellet mill 2 via the stirring conveyor 9, where the material is processed into biomass fuel pellets. The biomass fuel pellets are then lifted by the material elevator 3 and transported to the scraper conveyor belt on the roof of the workshop. The scraper conveyor belt then transports the pellets to the finished product silo 7 in another workshop for storage. During production, the suction fan 12 is turned on, drawing air in from the outlet of the cyclone separator 10. This creates a negative pressure inside the cyclone separator 10, drawing in dust particles generated by the pellet mill 2 and those stirred up during material transport by the material elevator 3 and scraper conveyor. The dust-laden airflow typically enters the cyclone separator 10 at a speed of 12-30 m / s through the inlet pipe, where it changes from linear to circular motion. The majority of the rotating airflow spirals downwards along the wall from the cylindrical body towards the cone. Furthermore, under centrifugal force, particles are thrown towards the wall. Once in contact with the wall, the dust particles lose inertia and, propelled by their downward axial velocity near the wall, fall along the wall surface, entering the lower ash discharge pipe and falling into the collection box 13 through the outlet. The descending outer swirling airflow continuously flows towards the center of the separator, forming a centripetal radial airflow. This portion of the airflow constitutes the upward rotating inner swirling flow. The inner and outer swirls rotate in the same direction. Finally, the purified gas exits through the exhaust pipe, along with some of the finer dust particles that were not separated. Another small portion of gas flowing in from the inlet pipe passes through the top cover of the cyclone separator 10 and flows downwards along the outside of the exhaust pipe. When it reaches the lower end of the exhaust pipe, it merges with the rising inner swirling airflow and enters the exhaust pipe. The fine particles dispersed in this upward swirling airflow are also carried away, finally entering the bag filter 11 for further dust removal. The dust particles fall into the collection box 13, and clean air is discharged. The dust particles falling into the collection box 13 can be fed back into the raw material silo 1 for further production of biomass fuel pellets. The suction fan 12, while drawing in air and creating airflow, also carries away heat from the pellets and the raw material silo 1, thus cooling the airflow. Example 2

[0026] Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a weighing device is installed at the bottom of the discharge port of the raw material silo 1. Both the weighing device and the drive motor of the first conveying device 4 are connected to the control system. An electrically controlled valve is also installed at the discharge port of the raw material silo 1, and this valve is connected to the control system. In this embodiment, the weighing transfer device is a weighing feeder.

[0027] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0028] In this embodiment, a weighing device is installed at the bottom of the discharge port of the raw material silo 1 to weigh the raw materials falling into the silo 1 during the feeding process. This allows for accurate determination of the raw material's mass. By comparing the actual mass of the raw material with a set value (the mass of material falling per unit time), if the mass is smaller than the set value, the control system adjusts the opening of the electrically controlled valve and the rotation speed of the drive motor of the first conveying device 4 to accelerate the conveying process. Conversely, if the mass is larger, the control system adjusts the opening of the electrically controlled valve and the rotation speed of the drive motor of the first conveying device 4 to accelerate the conveying process. This achieves the benefit of variable frequency conveying and feeding. The entire process is highly automated, improving production efficiency. It avoids both insufficient raw material supply leading to a decrease in output and excessive feeding, which could result in raw material overflow and waste. Example 3

[0029] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the third conveying device 6 includes a housing 6-1, with a feed inlet and several air vents on the upper surface of the housing 6-1. The air vents are connected to the air intake of the suction machine via air ducts 8. Two discharge outlets are provided on the lower surface of the housing 6-1. A conveying plate 6-2 is provided in the upper part of the housing 6-1. A drive roller 6-3 is provided between both ends inside the housing 6-1. One end of one drive roller 6-3 is connected to a drive mechanism 6-5. The drive mechanism 6-5 is located on the housing 6-1. The two drive rollers 6-3... -3 is connected on both sides by a transmission chain 6-4. Several scraper assemblies 6-6 are evenly distributed on the transmission chain 6-4. The top two sides of the conveyor plate 6-2 are respectively provided with outwardly inclined guide plates 6-7. A baffle 6-8 is vertically provided on the outer side of the guide plate 6-7. An upper guard plate 6-9 is provided on the inward side of the top of the baffle 6-8. The upper guard plate 6-9 has an L-shaped structure. There is a gap between the lower end of the upper guard plate 6-9 and the guide plate 6-7. A chain channel is formed between the upper guard plate 6-9, the baffle 6-8 and the guide plate 6-7. The transmission chain 6-4 passes through the chain channel.

[0030] In this embodiment, the scraper assembly 6-6 includes a mounting plate 6-61, with both sides of the mounting plate 6-61 detachably connected to the transmission chain 6-4. Scraping brushes 6-62 are also obliquely arranged on the lower parts of both sides of the mounting plate 6-61, with the lower bristles of the scraping brushes 6-62 contacting the guide plate 6-7. A scraper strip 6-63 is detachably connected to the lower end of the mounting plate 6-61, with the upper surface of the scraper strip 6-63 being inclined. The front end has protrusions 6-64 on both sides, and guide plates 6-65 are vertically arranged on the outer side of the protrusions 6-64. The rear part of the bottom surface of the scraper strip 6-63 has a concave step surface 6-66. Six sets of figure-eight brush strips 6-67 are arranged on the step surface 6-66, with the larger opening facing the forward direction of the scraper assembly 6-6. The six sets of figure-eight brush strips 6-67 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the scraper strip 6-63.

[0031] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concept, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel production line, characterized in that, The system includes a raw material silo (1), a pellet mill (2), a material elevator (3), and a finished product silo (7). The raw material silo (1) and the pellet mill (2) are connected by a first conveying device (4). The pellet mill (2) and the material elevator (3) are connected by a second conveying device (5). The material elevator (3) and the raw material silo (1) are connected by a third conveying device (6). The pellet mill (2), the material elevator (3), the third conveying device (6), and the finished product silo (7) are all equipped with air ducts (8) connected to dust removal devices. The third conveying device (6) is a scraper conveyor. The third conveying device (6) includes a housing (6-1), a conveying plate (6-2) located in the upper part of the housing (6-1), and drive rollers (6-3) arranged between both ends of the housing (6-1). One end of one drive roller (6-3) is connected to a drive mechanism (6-5), which is located on the housing (6-1). The two drive rollers (6-3) are connected by a transmission chain (6-4). A plurality of scraper assemblies (6-6) are evenly distributed on the transmission chain (6-4). An outwardly inclined guide plate (6-7) is provided at the top of the conveyor plate (6-2). A baffle (6-8) is vertically arranged on the outer side of the guide plate (6-7). An upper guard plate (6-9) is provided on the inward-facing side of the top of the baffle (6-8). The upper guard plate (6-9) has an L-shaped structure. A chain channel is formed between the upper guard plate (6-9), the baffle (6-8), and the guide plate (6-7). The transmission chain (6-4) passes through the chain channel. The scraper assembly (6-6) includes a mounting plate (6-61), both sides of which are detachably connected to the transmission chain (6-4). Scraping brushes (6-62) are also obliquely arranged on the lower parts of both sides of the mounting plate (6-61), with the lower bristles of the scraping brushes (6-62) contacting the guide plate (6-7). A scraper strip (6-63) is detachably connected to the lower end of the mounting plate (6-61). The upper surface of the scraper strip (6-63) is inclined, and the front end of the scraper strip (6-63)... Both sides are provided with protrusions (6-64), and the outer side of the protrusions (6-64) is vertically provided with guide plates (6-65). The rear part of the bottom surface of the scraper strip (6-63) is provided with a concave step surface (6-66). Several sets of figure-eight brush strips (6-67) are provided on the step surface (6-66), and the end with the larger opening faces the forward direction of the scraper assembly (6-6). The several sets of figure-eight brush strips (6-67) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the scraper strip (6-63).

2. The biomass fuel production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first conveying device (4) and the second conveying device (5) are skirt conveyors.

3. The biomass fuel production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, A buffer raw material bin (14) is provided between the first conveying device (4) and the pellet mill (2). A stirring cage conveyor (9) is provided at the outlet of the buffer raw material bin (14). The other end of the stirring cage conveyor (9) is connected to the feed inlet of the pellet mill (2).

4. A biomass fuel production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal device includes a cyclone separator (10) and a bag filter (11). The air inlet of the cyclone separator (10) is connected to the inner cavity of the pellet mill (2) through the air pipe (8). The air outlet of the cyclone separator (10) is connected to the air inlet of the suction fan (12) through the air pipe (8). The air outlet of the suction fan (12) is connected to the air inlet of the bag filter (11). A collection box (13) is provided below the discharge ports of the cyclone separator (10) and the bag filter (11).

5. A biomass fuel production line according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material hoist (3), the third conveying device (6), and the finished product warehouse (7) are all connected to the air inlet of the cyclone separator (10) by air ducts (8).

6. A biomass fuel production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conveying device (4) is equipped with a weighing device, and both the weighing device and the drive motor of the first conveying device (4) are connected to the control system.

7. A biomass fuel production line according to claim 6, characterized in that, An electrically controlled valve is installed at the discharge port of the raw material silo (1), and the electrically controlled valve is connected to the control system.

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