A semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk and its construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to a semi-prefabricated assembled pedestrian walkway and its construction method. The invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a semi-prefabricated assembled pedestrian walkway, the main body of which is a prefabricated block primarily made of permeable concrete, laid on a gravel cushion layer; a geomembrane inclined from both sides towards the center is provided within the prefabricated block, dividing the prefabricated block into an upper main permeable layer and a lower secondary permeable layer; a drainage guide plate extending downwards to the bottom of the prefabricated block is provided at the lowest point of the geomembrane; wherein, some prefabricated blocks have several pre-embedded through holes arranged in a front-to-back direction within the secondary permeable layer. The construction method includes the following steps: Step 1: Laying the gravel cushion layer; Step 2: Hoisting and laying the prefabricated blocks; Step 3: Constructing the pipeline area. The beneficial effects of this invention are: it integrates multiple functional areas of the original pedestrian walkway into the new prefabricated block, allowing the prefabricated block to replace the original multi-layer laying method, maximizing laying efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of municipal sidewalks, and in particular to a semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] The common sidewalk construction method in the market is as follows: First, the sidewalk area is identified by using paving stones and curb stones. Then, a gravel subbase and perforated drainage pipes are laid. After laying the gravel subbase, pre-buried pipes such as water pipes, gas pipes, and cable pipes are laid. After that, another gravel subbase is laid, and finally, permeable pavement bricks are laid. Based on the above technology, the steps or construction materials can be replaced. For example, the gravel subbase can be replaced with a permeable concrete layer. For example, CN210341550U mentions a permeable sidewalk structure, which consists of precast concrete paving slabs, a coarse sand layer, a permeable concrete layer, a recycled aggregate layer, and a graded crushed stone layer from top to bottom.

[0003] However, the traditional method and the improved method in the comparison document are used for laying, which requires construction layer by layer. Therefore, it still has the disadvantages of long laying time, slow work efficiency and inconvenient maintenance and repair. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk that is quick to construct and easy to maintain, and its construction method.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk, the main body of which is a prefabricated block made primarily of permeable concrete, the prefabricated block being laid on a gravel cushion layer;

[0006] A geomembrane is provided inside the precast block, which is inclined from both sides to the middle. The geomembrane divides the precast block into an upper main permeable layer and a lower secondary permeable layer. A guide drainage plate extending downward to the bottom of the precast block 1 is provided at the lowest point of the geomembrane.

[0007] Among them, some precast blocks have several pre-embedded through holes arranged in the front and back directions in the secondary permeable layer.

[0008] It also includes split precast blocks, which are divided into upper precast blocks and lower precast blocks, both of which are made of permeable concrete;

[0009] The bottom surface of the upper precast block is provided with a lower arc-shaped notch, and the top surface of the lower precast block is provided with an upper arc-shaped notch;

[0010] A lower drainage plate is provided on the side of the lower arc-shaped notch, extending downward from the top surface of the lower precast block;

[0011] The upper precast block is provided with a secondary geomembrane that is inclined from both sides to the middle, and a drainage board extending downward to the bottom surface of the upper precast block is provided at the lowest point of the secondary geomembrane.

[0012] When the upper precast blocks are attached to each other, the lower precast block, the lower arc-shaped notch and the upper arc-shaped notch are aligned to form a through hole for accommodating gas pipes or water pipes, and the upper drainage plate and the lower drainage plate are aligned with each other.

[0013] The upper surface of the precast block and the upper precast block is embedded with a cross-shaped steel channel, and the bottom of the steel channel is provided with a number of anchor rods extending into the precast block and the upper precast block; the upper surface of the four ends of the steel channel is provided with limiting plates.

[0014] It also includes steel channel hoisting accessories for disassembling and assembling with the steel channel; the steel channel hoisting accessories are also disassembled and connected to the crane;

[0015] The main body of the steel channel hoisting accessory is a cross bracket. The intersection of the cross brackets is provided with a connector for connecting to the crane. The four ends of the cross bracket are provided with limit holes, and pins are provided in the limit holes. The side wall of the limit hole is provided with an F-type limit slot, and the pin is connected to a limit rod that cooperates with the F-type limit slot.

[0016] A construction method for a semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Lay a sand and gravel cushion layer, and pre-embed a plum blossom-shaped drainage pipe in the sand and gravel cushion layer, wherein the plum blossom-shaped drainage pipe is connected to the rainwater outlet;

[0018] Step 2: Hoist the precast blocks and lay them out according to whether there are pre-embedded through holes. Ensure that the precast blocks with pre-embedded through holes are arranged in a front-to-back downward sequence so that the pre-embedded through holes are connected in the front-to-back direction.

[0019] Step 3: Carry out pipeline construction, place the lower precast blocks, and after all the lower precast blocks are laid, lay and connect the gas pipes or water pipes. After the connection is completed, lay the upper precast blocks or carry out pipeline construction, lay a gravel bedding layer, then lay and connect the gas pipes or water pipes. After the connection is completed, lay another gravel bedding layer to cover the gas pipes or water pipes, and finally lay the precast blocks.

[0020] Compared with previous technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. It integrates multiple functional areas of the original sidewalk into the new precast blocks, allowing the precast blocks to replace the original multi-layer paving method, thus maximizing paving efficiency.

[0022] 2. Precast blocks reserve space for some pipes, which can facilitate the later laying of pipelines and ensure a stable space for the pipelines.

[0023] 3. Setting steel channels and steel channel hoisting accessories in the precast blocks or upper precast blocks can facilitate the quick loading and unloading of the precast blocks or upper precast blocks and improve installation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the precast block structure;

[0025] Figure 2 In order to be in Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure with pre-embedded through holes added to the basic structure;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a modular precast block;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a rendering of the invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a rendering of the invention paired with a modular prefabricated block.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a drainage board structure with a water guide pipe.

[0031] Figure 8 A top view of a precast block with steel channels;

[0032] Figure 9 A side sectional view of a precast block with a steel channel;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a top view of the steel channel hoisting accessories.

[0034] Labeling Explanation: 1-Precast block, 11-Geomembrane, 12-Main permeable layer, 13-Secondary permeable layer, 14-Guiding drainage board, 15-Pre-embedded through hole, 2-Split precast block, 21-Upper precast block, 22-Lower precast block, 23-Lower arc notch, 24-Upper arc notch, 25-Lower drainage board, 26-Upper drainage board, 27-Secondary geomembrane, 31-Gravel cushion layer, 32-Cutting stone, 33-Flat stone, 34-Plum blossom hole drainage pipe, 35-Rainwater inlet, 4-Steel channel, 41-Anchor rod, 42-Limiting plate, 5-Cross bracket, 51-Connector, 52-Limiting hole, 53-Pin, 54-F-type limiting slot, 55-Limiting rod, 9-Water guide pipe, 91-Rubber hose, 92-Drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] like Figure 1-6As shown: A semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk, the main body of which is a prefabricated block 1 mainly made of permeable concrete, the prefabricated block 1 being laid on a gravel cushion layer 31;

[0037] A geomembrane 11 is provided inside the precast block 1, which is inclined from both sides to the middle. The geomembrane 11 divides the precast block 1 into an upper main permeable layer 12 and a lower secondary permeable layer 13. A guide drainage plate 14 extending downward to the bottom of the precast block 1 is provided at the lowest point of the geomembrane 11.

[0038] Among them, the secondary permeable layer 13 of some precast blocks 1 is provided with a number of pre-embedded through holes 15 arranged in the front and back directions. Here, the original area where the gravel cushion layer 31 is laid is directly replaced with the precast blocks 1, which reduces the amount of gravel cushion layer 31 used. Only a small amount of gravel cushion layer 31 needs to be laid at the bottom of the area where the precast blocks 1 are laid.

[0039] The geomembrane 11 here is used to guide water flow, directing the water through a designated path to a designated area.

[0040] The sidewalk also includes a split precast block 2, which is divided into an upper precast block 21 and a lower precast block 22, both of which are made of permeable concrete.

[0041] The bottom surface of the upper precast block 21 is provided with a lower arc-shaped notch 23, and the top surface of the lower precast block 22 is provided with an upper arc-shaped notch 24.

[0042] A lower drainage plate 25 is provided on the side of the lower arc-shaped notch 23, extending downward from the top surface of the lower precast block 22;

[0043] The upper precast block 21 is provided with a secondary geomembrane 27 that is inclined from both sides to the middle. At the lowest point of the secondary geomembrane 27, a drainage plate 26 extending downward to the bottom surface of the upper precast block 21 is provided.

[0044] When the upper precast blocks 21 are attached to each other, the lower precast blocks 22, the lower arc-shaped notch 23 and the upper arc-shaped notch 24 are aligned to form a through hole for accommodating gas pipes or water pipes, and the upper drainage plate 26 and the lower drainage plate 25 are aligned with each other.

[0045] The upper precast block 21 and the lower precast block 22 are set up here, mainly to form the area for pipe laying and improve the efficiency of pipe laying in the later stage.

[0046] like Figure 7 As shown: The bottom of the precast block 1 is provided with a water guide pipe 9 embedded in the precast block 1. The water guide pipe 9 is arranged in a front-to-back direction. The guide drainage plate and the lower drainage plate 25 extend into the water guide pipe 9. The front end of any water guide pipe 9 is connected to a rubber tube 91 with an outer diameter similar to the inner diameter of the water guide pipe 3.

[0047] Part of the water pipe 3 is equipped with a drain pipe 92 that is connected and extends downward.

[0048] The drainage structure has been further optimized to maximize rainwater diversion.

[0049] like Figure 8-9 As shown: The upper surfaces of the precast block 1 and the upper precast block 21 are embedded with a cross-shaped steel groove 4, and the bottom of the steel groove 4 is provided with a number of anchor rods 41 extending into the precast block 1 and the upper precast block 21; the upper surfaces of the four ends of the steel groove 4 are provided with limiting plates 42.

[0050] Generally speaking, a complete precast block 1 weighs 700-800kg. If it is handled manually, it will consume a lot of manpower and the laying efficiency will be low. If it is hoisted, it is also a laborious task to fix the precast block 1 with ropes. Therefore, a steel channel is added here, and the supporting equipment makes it easy to connect to the crane, which facilitates the crane to lift.

[0051] like Figure 10 As shown: The aforementioned supporting equipment mainly consists of steel channel hoisting accessories, used for disassembly and assembly with the steel channel 4; the steel channel hoisting accessories are also disassembled and connected to the crane;

[0052] The main body of the steel channel hoisting accessory is a cross bracket 5. The cross bracket 5 has a connector 51 for connecting with the crane at the intersection. The four ends of the cross bracket 5 have limiting holes 52, and the limiting holes 52 have pins 53. The side wall of the limiting hole 52 has an F-type limiting slot 54, and the pin 53 is connected to a limiting rod 55 that cooperates with the F-type limiting slot 54.

[0053] The connection or separation of the steel channel hoisting accessories and the steel channel is achieved through the extension and limiting of the pin 53. Later, the crane can lift the precast block 1 by lifting the steel channel hoisting accessories. After the crane has lifted the precast block 1 to the designated position, the operator only needs to apply a lateral force to the precast block 1 through the push rod to fine-tune its position, ensuring the accuracy of the precast block 1's landing point. Currently, the connector 51 mainly uses a lifting ring structure.

[0054] It should be noted that steel channels are not suitable for the lower precast blocks, so they are not provided. However, since the weight of the lower precast block is relatively small compared to the thickness of the upper precast block, as long as the total thickness of the lower and upper precast blocks is kept constant, increasing the thickness of the upper precast block will reduce the thickness of the lower precast block, thereby reducing its weight to below 150kg and facilitating its installation.

[0055] Furthermore, the use of a cross-shaped bracket and a cross-shaped steel channel 4 is primarily for stability during hoisting. Using only one or two hoisting points could easily lead to tilting of the precast block 1 and upper precast block 21 during hoisting due to instability, causing inconvenience in later placement. For example, CN 218436435U discloses a reusable precast concrete temporary pavement structure with two blind hoisting holes. Since precast block 1 and upper precast block 21 are cast in place, their center of gravity may not be their geometric center of gravity. Designing only two blind hoisting holes could result in some precast block 1 and upper precast block 21 tilting. Of course, simple lifting rings within the blind hoisting holes are also unsuitable for this invention, specifically because the final structure is embodied in the pavement, which would affect the pavement's smoothness.

[0056] For the reasons stated above, when necessary, the upper surfaces of precast block 1 and upper precast block 21 are also provided with anti-slip textures 6. The steel channel 4 overlaps or intersects with the anti-slip textures 6 to form decorative patterns. Here, the steel channel is visually hidden by the anti-slip textures 6. If necessary, cross-shaped filler blocks can be additionally placed in the steel channel.

[0057] A construction method for a semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk includes the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Lay a sand and gravel cushion layer, and pre-embed a plum blossom-shaped drainage pipe in the sand and gravel cushion layer, wherein the plum blossom-shaped drainage pipe is connected to the rainwater outlet;

[0059] Step 2: Hoist the precast block 1 and lay the precast block 1 according to whether there is a pre-embedded through hole 15. Ensure that the precast blocks 1 with pre-embedded through holes 15 are arranged in front and back in sequence, so that the pre-embedded through holes 15 can be connected in the front and back directions.

[0060] Step 3: Carry out pipeline construction, place the lower precast blocks 22, and after all the lower precast blocks 22 have been laid, lay and connect the gas pipes or water pipes. After the connection is completed, lay the upper precast blocks 21; or

[0061] Construction is carried out in the pipeline area, and a gravel bedding layer 31 is laid. Then, the gas pipe or water pipe is laid and connected. After the connection is completed, another gravel bedding layer 31 is laid to cover the gas pipe or water pipe. Finally, the precast blocks 1 are laid.

[0062] The specific hoisting process for either precast block 1 in step 2 or precast block 21 in step 3 is as follows:

[0063] Procedure 1: Connect the connector 51 of the steel channel hoisting accessory to the crane. Then the crane moves the steel channel hoisting accessory to the position of the steel channel 4 of the precast block 1 or the upper precast block 21 and places it into the steel channel 4.

[0064] Procedure 2: Hold the limiting rod 55 and move the pin 53 so that the pin 53 extends out of the limiting hole 52. Then rotate the limiting rod 55 so that the limiting rod 55 falls into the transverse slot outside the F-type limiting slot 54. At this time, the pin 53 is located below the limiting plate 42.

[0065] Step 3: Start the crane and lift the steel channel hoisting accessory; since the pin 53 of the steel channel hoisting accessory is located below the limit plate 42; the steel channel hoisting accessory will lift the precast block 1 or the upper precast block 21 together; then place it in the placement area;

[0066] Step 4: Control the crane to slowly lower the steel channel hoisting accessories; during the descent, the staff will hold the push rod to gently push the precast block 1 or the upper precast block 21 to adjust the position. After the position is appropriate, control the crane to lower the steel channel hoisting accessories further to complete the laying of the gently pushed precast block 1 or the upper precast block 21.

[0067] Step 5: Repeat steps 1-4 to lay other precast blocks 1 or upper precast blocks 21.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk, characterized in that: Its main body is a precast block (1) mainly made of permeable concrete, which is laid on a gravel cushion layer (31); A geomembrane (11) is provided inside the precast block (1) and is inclined from both sides to the middle. The geomembrane (11) divides the precast block (1) into an upper main permeable layer (12) and a lower secondary permeable layer (13). A guide drainage board (14) extending downward to the bottom of the precast block (1) is provided at the lowest point of the geomembrane (11). Among them, some precast blocks (1) have a number of pre-embedded through holes (15) arranged in the front and back directions in the secondary permeable layer (13). It also includes a split precast block (2), which is divided into an upper precast block (21) and a lower precast block (22), both of which are made of permeable concrete; The bottom surface of the upper precast block (21) is provided with a lower arc-shaped notch (23), and the top surface of the lower precast block (22) is provided with an upper arc-shaped notch (24). A lower drainage plate (25) is provided on the side of the lower arc-shaped notch (23), extending downward from the top surface of the lower precast block (22). The upper precast block (21) is provided with a secondary geomembrane (27) that is inclined from both sides to the middle. At the lowest point of the secondary geomembrane (27), a drainage board (26) extending downward to the bottom surface of the upper precast block (21) is provided. The upper precast block (21) and the lower precast block (22) fit together, the lower arc-shaped notch (23) and the upper arc-shaped notch (24) hug each other to form a through hole for accommodating gas pipes or water pipes, and the upper drainage plate (26) and the lower drainage plate (25) are aligned with each other; The upper surfaces of the precast block (1) and the upper precast block (21) are provided with a cross-shaped steel groove (4), and the bottom of the steel groove (4) is provided with a number of anchor rods (41) extending into the precast block (1) and the upper precast block (21); the upper surfaces of the four ends of the steel groove (4) are provided with limiting plates (42). It also includes steel channel hoisting accessories for disassembling and connecting with the steel channel (4); the steel channel hoisting accessories are also disassembled and connected to the crane; The main body of the steel channel hoisting accessory is a cross bracket (5). The cross bracket (5) has a connector (51) for connecting with the crane at the intersection. The four ends of the cross bracket (5) are provided with limiting holes (52). The limiting holes (52) are provided with pins (53). The side wall of the limiting hole (52) is provided with an F-type limiting slot (54). The pin (53) is connected to a limiting rod (55) that cooperates with the F-type limiting slot (54).

2. The semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the precast block (1) is provided with a water pipe (9) embedded in the guide drainage plate (14). The water pipe (9) is arranged in a front-to-back direction. The guide drainage plate and the lower drainage plate (25) extend into the water pipe (9). The front end of any water pipe (9) is connected to a rubber tube (91) whose outer diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the water pipe (9). Part of the water pipe (9) is equipped with a connected and downward-extending drain pipe (92).

3. A semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the precast block (1) and the upper precast block (21) is also provided with anti-slip texture (6), and the steel groove (4) overlaps or intersects with the anti-slip texture (6) to form decorative texture.

4. A construction method for a semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Lay a sand and gravel cushion layer, and pre-embed a plum blossom-shaped drainage pipe in the sand and gravel cushion layer, wherein the plum blossom-shaped drainage pipe is connected to the rainwater outlet; Step 2: Hoist the precast blocks (1), and lay the precast blocks (1) according to whether there are pre-embedded through holes (15), so that the precast blocks (1) with pre-embedded through holes (15) are arranged in front and back in sequence, so that the pre-embedded through holes (15) can be connected in the front and back directions; Step 3: Carry out pipeline construction, place the lower precast blocks (22), and after all the lower precast blocks (22) are laid, lay and connect the gas pipes or water pipes. After the connection is completed, hoist and lay the upper precast blocks (21) or Pipeline area construction is carried out, gravel bedding layer (31) is laid, gas pipe or water pipe is laid and connected, gravel bedding layer (31) is laid again to cover gas pipe or water pipe after connection is completed, and finally precast blocks (1) are laid.

5. The construction method of a semi-prefabricated assembled sidewalk according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific hoisting process for either hoisting the precast block (1) in step 2 or hoisting the precast block (21) in step 3 is as follows: Process 1: Connect the connector (51) of the steel channel hoisting accessory to the crane. Then the crane moves the steel channel hoisting accessory to the position of the steel channel (4) of the precast block (1) or the upper precast block (21) and places it into the steel channel (4). Procedure 2: Hold the limiting rod (55), move the pin (53) to extend the pin (53) out of the limiting hole (52), then rotate the limiting rod (55) so that the limiting rod (55) falls into the transverse slot outside the F-type limiting slot (54). At this time, the pin (53) is located below the limiting plate (42). Process 3: Start the crane and lift the steel channel hoisting accessory; since the pin (53) of the steel channel hoisting accessory is located below the limit plate (42); the steel channel hoisting accessory will lift the precast block (1) or the upper precast block (21) together; then place it in the placement area; Process 4: Control the crane to slowly lower the steel channel hoisting accessories; during the descent, the staff will hold the push rod to gently push the precast block (1) or the upper precast block (21) to adjust the position. After the position is appropriate, control the crane to lower the steel channel hoisting accessories further to complete the laying of the gently pushed precast block (1) or the upper precast block (21). Step 5: Repeat steps 1-4 to lay other precast blocks (1) or upper precast blocks (21).

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