Inclined shaft construction method and inclined shaft construction system

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of tunneling, and particularly provides a method for inclined shaft construction and an inclined shaft construction system. When a pilot tunnel is excavated, a plurality of sleeves are sequentially connected at the rear side of a pilot tunneling device as the pilot tunneling device excavates forward. After the pilot tunneling device excavates the pilot tunnel, the pilot tunneling device is disassembled, an expansion tunneling device is installed and connected with the frontmost sleeve directly or indirectly, and then the expansion tunneling device is pulled by a push-pull oil cylinder to expand backward. During the expansion process, the last sleeve is disassembled after every expansion of a sleeve, and the expansion is continued until the expansion is completed. The inclined shaft construction system is used to implement the above inclined shaft construction method. The application ingeniously uses the expansion and retraction of the sleeve to realize the backward expansion of the expansion tunneling device, and does not need to configure two independent tunneling device systems, thereby reducing the cost. Moreover, the sleeve can be recycled and used in other tunnel projects with the same diameter.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation and construction, in particular relates to a method for constructing an inclined shaft and a system for constructing an inclined shaft. BACKGROUND

[0002] Inclined shaft tunnels are widely used in the fields of pumped storage power generation and mining. The traditional construction of inclined shafts still mostly uses a reverse drilling machine to excavate a pilot tunnel, and then uses blasting to expand the excavation to achieve the required diameter. However, the quality of the tunnel formed by blasting is poor, the precision is not high, and there are also significant safety hazards.

[0003] The applicant's granted patent with the publication number CN112343609B provides a pilot tunnel expansion TBM, which includes the traditional TBM main machine structure of a support shoe, a main drive, a propulsion system, etc., and a cylindrical hollow passage is provided on the cutter head, which corresponds to the already formed pilot tunnel and can play a certain supporting and guiding role, improving the quality and stability of the inclined shaft expansion.

[0004] However, when using a mechanical method such as the above-mentioned TBM for construction, the pilot tunnel construction and the expansion drilling are independent of each other, and two completely independent construction devices are required, which results in a high actual investment cost. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for constructing an inclined shaft to solve the technical problem of high construction cost of inclined shaft tunnels caused by the need for two completely independent construction devices for pilot tunnel construction and expansion drilling in the prior art. The purpose of the present application is also to provide a system for constructing an inclined shaft to solve the same technical problem.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the method for constructing an inclined shaft provided by the present application is as follows:

[0007] A method for constructing an inclined shaft, when excavating a pilot tunnel, a plurality of sleeves are connected in sequence at the rear side of the pilot tunnel excavation equipment as the pilot tunnel excavation equipment excavates forward, until the pilot tunnel excavation equipment reaches the required distance, the pilot tunnel excavation equipment is removed, the expansion excavation equipment is installed and connected directly or indirectly to the frontmost sleeve, then a push-pull oil cylinder is arranged at the starting position or the push-pull oil cylinder arranged in advance at the starting position is connected to the last sleeve, the expansion excavation equipment is pulled in reverse by the push-pull oil cylinder, and after each sleeve is expanded by a distance, the last sleeve is removed and the above-mentioned operation is repeated until the expansion reaches the required distance.

[0008] The beneficial effect is that the application provides a pilot hole construction method of leading and then pulling. In the process of excavating the pilot hole, the sleeve is continuously extended with the continuous excavation of the pilot hole, so that the stability of the pilot hole during excavation can be ensured. After the pilot hole is excavated, the sleeve is retained, and only the expansion excavation equipment needs to be replaced. When the expansion excavation equipment expands one stroke of the push-pull cylinder, the last sleeve is removed. At this time, the sleeve acts as a force transmission component for the expansion excavation equipment to expand, and also plays a guiding role for the expansion excavation equipment, so that the accuracy of the expansion excavation of the inclined shaft can be ensured. Compared with the prior art, the application ingeniously uses the advance and retreat of the sleeve to realize reverse excavation of the expansion excavation equipment, without the need to configure two independent excavation equipment systems, which is low in cost. Moreover, the sleeve can be recycled and also used in other tunnel projects with the same diameter.

[0009] As a further improvement, the push-pull cylinder is arranged in the starting position in advance. When the pilot hole is excavated, the push-pull cylinder pushes all the sleeves to realize forward excavation. The push-pull cylinder is retracted every time the sleeve is excavated by a distance.

[0010] The beneficial effect is that the push-pull cylinder can provide a pushing force for the forward extension of the sleeve, realizing one cylinder with two functions. At this time, a larger power source for pulling the sleeve does not need to be arranged in the pilot hole excavation equipment, thereby reducing the cost of the pilot hole excavation equipment and the whole. Moreover, when the pipe jacking equipment excavates the pilot hole forward, the push-pull cylinder can also provide a pushing force for the forward excavation of the pilot hole excavation equipment.

[0011] As a further improvement, a supporting device is connected between the pilot hole excavation equipment and the frontmost sleeve. When the pilot hole is excavated, the supporting device tightens the pilot hole wall to keep the sleeve in a certain position. When the pilot hole excavation equipment is removed and the expansion excavation equipment is installed, the expansion excavation equipment is connected with the supporting device, thereby indirectly connecting with the frontmost sleeve.

[0012] The beneficial effect is that the supporting device can support and stabilize the sleeve during the excavation of the pilot hole, thereby further improving the stability when the sleeves are connected step by step. Moreover, the supporting device does not need to be removed and can still be used to stabilize the sleeve during the expansion excavation, which is also universal.

[0013] As a further improvement, when the sleeve moves relative to the pilot hole, a friction-reducing liquid is injected between the sleeve and the pilot hole through a liquid injection channel arranged on the sleeve.

[0014] The beneficial effect is that the frictional resistance between the sleeve and the pilot hole is reduced, and the sleeve can move relative to the pilot hole.

[0015] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical scheme of the inclined shaft construction system provided by the application is as follows:

[0016] The application discloses a construction system for a slope shaft, which comprises a pilot tunneling device, an expansion tunneling device, a foundation bench, a plurality of sleeves capable of being connected in sequence and capable of being tunneled by the pilot tunneling device, and a holding device for stabilizing the sleeves in position.

[0017] The application provides a construction system capable of realizing pilot tunneling and then pulling a slope shaft.

[0018] As a further improvement, the holding device is a supporting device for being connected between the sleeve at the front end and the pilot tunneling device when the pilot tunneling device is used to excavate a pilot tunnel, the supporting device is provided with a detachable connecting structure for being connected with the pilot tunneling device, and the supporting device comprises a supporting device body and a supporting shoe arranged on the supporting device body and used for supporting a pilot tunnel wall.

[0019] The supporting device can support the sleeves when the pilot tunneling device is used to excavate a pilot tunnel, and the stability of the sleeves when the sleeves are connected in sequence is further improved.

[0020] As a further improvement, the sleeve is provided with a liquid injection channel used for injecting a friction-reducing liquid outward.

[0021] The friction-reducing liquid can be injected between the sleeve and the pilot tunnel during the pilot tunneling or the expansion tunneling, and the friction between the sleeve and the pilot tunnel is reduced.

[0022] As a further improvement, the expansion tunneling device comprises a rotary driving device and a rock breaking mechanism connected with the rotary driving device.

[0023] The rock breaking mechanism is a rotary mechanical rock breaking mechanism, and the cost is low.

[0024] As a further improvement, the rock breaking mechanism is a conical cutter.

[0025] The beneficial effect is that the conical cutter head has a certain guiding effect for the expanded tunnel and has high efficiency.

[0026] As a further improvement, the rock breaking mechanism is a variable-diameter expanding mechanism.

[0027] The beneficial effect is that the expanding and excavating equipment can adapt to the excavation of inclined shafts of different diameters, improving the versatility of the inclined shaft construction system for different engineering projects.

[0028] As a further improvement, the variable-diameter expanding mechanism includes a cutting and rock breaking mechanism swing-mounted on the rotary drive device, a swing cylinder for driving the cutting and rock breaking mechanism to swing is arranged between the cutting and rock breaking mechanism and the rotary drive device, and the variable-diameter expanding mechanism further includes a pushing cylinder for driving the cutting and rock breaking mechanism to crush rocks.

[0029] The beneficial effect is that the diameter of the variable-diameter expanding can be controlled by controlling the swing range of the cutting and rock breaking mechanism, and the cost is relatively low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the inclined shaft construction system in the invention when excavating a pilot tunnel;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the inclined shaft construction system in the invention when expanding an inclined shaft;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the inclined shaft construction system in the invention when expanding an inclined shaft; Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the middle support shield;

[0033] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the middle support shield; Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the sleeve;

[0034] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the sleeve; Figure 4 is a side view of the sleeve;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the inclined shaft construction system in the invention when expanding an inclined shaft;

[0036] Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of an embodiment of the cutting and rock breaking mechanism in the invention.

[0037] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] 1, pilot tunneling equipment; 2, base rack; 3, support shield; 4, sleeve; 5, rotary drive device; 6, expansion cutterhead; 7, main beam; 8, swing cylinder; 201, fixed frame; 202, push-pull cylinder; 203, foundation; 301, fixed body; 302, support shoe cylinder; 303, support shoe; 304, connecting piece; 305, fixed body slag discharge channel; 401, friction-reducing liquid injection channel; 402, connecting lug plate; 403, connecting pin shaft; 404, sleeve slag discharge channel; 601, cutting head; 602, connecting arm; 603, cutting head drive device; 604, cutting pick; 701, jacking cylinder; 901, wheeled cutterhead; 902, mounting arm; 903, wheeled cutterhead drive device; 904, cutter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0040] In order to solve the problem of high cost caused by the need for two independent devices in the existing pilot expansion inclined shaft excavation construction, the basic technical concept of the present application is to design a pilot expansion inclined shaft construction method. First, when excavating the pilot tunnel, the sleeve is connected in sequence behind the rear side of the pilot tunneling equipment as the pilot tunneling equipment continuously advances forward (the pilot tunneling direction is defined as forward), until the required distance is reached, and then the pilot tunneling equipment is removed. The expansion tunneling equipment is installed on the sleeve or other equipment connected to the sleeve. Finally, the expansion tunneling equipment is pulled back by using the pre-installed push-pull cylinder at the starting position of the pilot tunnel or installing the push-pull cylinder at the starting position after the pilot tunneling is completed. The expansion tunneling equipment provides a pulling force for reverse tunneling. After one stroke of the push-pull cylinder, the last sleeve is removed. The steps are repeated until the expansion of the inclined shaft is completed.

[0041] During the pilot tunneling, the existing reverse drilling machine can be used for tunneling. At this time, a connecting rod can be arranged at the center of the drill rod of the reverse drilling machine cutterhead to pull the sleeve forward. Alternatively, a small TBM main machine can be used to tunnel the pilot tunnel, and the sleeve can be connected behind the TBM to pull the sleeve forward. Of course, a pipe jacking machine main machine can also be used. When the pipe jacking machine main machine is configured, the push-pull cylinder can also transmit the pushing force to the pipe jacking machine main machine through the sleeve.

[0042] The inclined shaft construction method and the inclined shaft construction system of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Specific embodiment 1 of the inclined shaft construction method provided by the present application:

[0044] Taking an inclined shaft excavated from the lower inclined to the upper as an example, the construction process of the present embodiment can refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The inclined shaft construction system mainly comprises a pilot tunneling device 1, an expansion tunneling device, a foundation rack 2 and a plurality of sleeves 4. The foundation rack 2 comprises a fixed frame 201, a push-pull oil cylinder 202 is installed on the fixed frame 201, and the fixed frame 201 can be fixed at a starting position through a foundation 203. The push-pull oil cylinder 202 can be connected to the last sleeve 4. The sleeves 4 can be connected in sequence in the axial direction, and the specific number is set according to the required distance of the project. In order to realize the forward and backward extension connection of the sleeves 4, the sleeves 4 should be provided with a connection structure capable of being connected with another sleeve 4. For the whole, as long as the sleeve 4 at one end is provided, the sleeve 4 at the other end can meet the requirement. For the sleeve 4 provided in the middle of the two ends, the connection structure capable of being connected with another sleeve 4 should be provided at both ends of the sleeve 4. In addition, the inclined shaft construction system further comprises a holding device, which can hold the sleeve 4 at a certain position to avoid the sleeve 4 from retreating. In this way, when the sleeve 4 is disassembled, the stability of the whole inclined shaft tunneling device can be realized.

[0045] In order to realize the pilot tunneling and expansion forming of the sleeve 4, an excavation device mounting position capable of mounting the expansion tunneling device should be provided on the sleeve 4 farthest from the push-pull oil cylinder 202 (the frontmost sleeve 4) or the related device connected to the sleeve 4, so as to play a role in transmitting the reverse expansion pulling force.

[0046] The push-pull oil cylinder 202 can be installed at the starting position when reverse expansion is needed. At this time, the extension installation of the sleeve 4 can be completely realized by the pilot tunneling device 1, the sleeve 4 is pulled by the pilot tunneling device 1, and the push-pull oil cylinder 202 only plays a role in pulling the expansion tunneling device for reverse expansion. Of course, the foundation rack 2 can also be pre-installed at the starting position before the pilot tunneling, at this time, the push-pull oil cylinder can also play a role in pushing the sleeve 4 to move forward, which can simplify a part of the structure of the pilot tunneling device, realize one cylinder with multiple functions, and the push-pull oil cylinder can also play a role in pushing the whole pilot tunneling device to move forward. During the pilot tunneling, the push-pull oil cylinder 202 can be directly connected to the last sleeve; or it can not be connected, at this time, a detachable shoe plate can be provided, which can transmit the pushing force to the sleeve 4.

[0047] In addition, in the embodiment, the holding device is formed by a support device connected with the frontmost sleeve 4, the support device is provided with a connecting structure capable of being connected with the pilot tunneling device 1, and comprises a support device body and a support shoe provided on the support device body for bracing the pilot tunnel wall. Specifically, the support device can be a support shield 3 or a Kelly support shoe. Therefore, in actual pilot tunneling, the support shoe of the support shield 3 can brace the pilot tunnel wall, keep the rear sleeve in a determined position, keep the sleeve stable, and also avoid the pilot tunneling device 1 from sliding down accidentally when tunneling upward. After the pilot tunneling is completed, the pilot tunneling device 1 is only needed to be disassembled, and the expansion tunneling device is connected on the support shield 3, that is, the support shield 3 can keep the sleeve 4 during pilot tunneling and reverse expansion, and therefore has good versatility.

[0048] The support shield 3 in the embodiment can refer to Figure 3 , which comprises a circumferentially closed fixed body 301 and a support shoe, the support shoe is mounted on the fixed body 301, and specifically comprises a support shoe oil cylinder 302 and a support shoe 303, the support shoe 303 can pass through the fixed body 301 to brace the pilot tunnel wall, and is connected with the sleeve 4 through a connecting piece 304 to keep the sleeve 4 and the pilot tunneling device 1 in a stable state during step changing. The connecting piece 304 can be in various forms, such as a connecting hook, a connecting pin shaft, a bolt, etc.

[0049] Taking the example of installing the push-pull oil cylinder 202 in advance at the starting position and configuring the pipe jacking machine main machine as the pilot tunneling device, the embodiment mainly comprises the following processes during tunneling:

[0050] ①The installation and connection of the base rack 2, the support shield 3, the sleeve 4 and the pilot tunneling device 1 are completed at the starting position;

[0051] ②The support shield 3 is released from the supporting state, the push-pull oil cylinder 202 pushes the whole formed by the sleeve 4 and the pilot tunneling device 1 to excavate the pilot tunnel forward, and the tunneling of one sleeve 4 length stroke is completed;

[0052] ③The support shield 3 restores the supporting state to keep the fixed position of the sleeve 4, the push-pull oil cylinder 202 is retracted by one stroke distance, the next sleeve 4 is installed and connected, the tunneling of the next stroke is completed, and the process is repeated to complete the pilot tunneling;

[0053] ④After the pilot tunneling is completed, the pilot tunneling device 1 is disassembled, and the expansion tunneling device is installed, which can refer to Figure 2 During the expansion, the push-pull oil cylinder 202 is connected with the last sleeve 4, and is pulled back, the support shield 3 is also alternately supported, and the last sleeve 4 is repeatedly disassembled alternately until the inclined shaft is formed.

[0054] Through the analysis of the above structure and process, it is known that the base rack 2, the support shield 3 and the sleeve 4 in the embodiment are universal in the pilot hole excavation and expansion forming process, only different tunneling equipment main machines need to be correspondingly arranged, the cost is reduced, the sleeve 4 can be recycled, the overall cost is low, and the embodiment has good popularization prospect.

[0055] A specific embodiment 2 of the inclined shaft construction method provided by the application is as follows: the specific embodiment is to provide a specific implementation that does not need to arrange a push-pull oil cylinder 202 in advance. Taking the pilot hole tunneling equipment 1 as a reverse drilling machine equipment as an example, the reverse drilling machine equipment can independently upwardly reverse drilling, at this time, a connecting structure capable of connecting the sleeve can be arranged on the cutter head of the reverse drilling machine. For example, a non-rotating connecting rod is arranged at the center of the reverse drilling machine, the diameter of the connecting rod can be not greater than the diameter of the drill rod of the reverse drilling machine, and the connecting structure is arranged on the connecting rod to connect the sleeve 4 or the support device, so as to pull the sleeve 4 to extend forward.

[0056] At this time, in the specific construction, the sleeve 4 extends forward to tunnel entirely by relying on the pilot hole tunneling equipment 1. After the pilot hole tunneling is completed, the pilot hole tunneling equipment 1 is removed, the push-pull oil cylinder 202 is installed, the expansion tunneling equipment is installed, and reverse expansion is performed. The specific reverse expansion process can be consistent with that in the specific embodiment 1.

[0057] A specific embodiment 3 of the inclined shaft construction method provided by the application is as follows: the specific embodiment is to provide an implementation that utilizes other structures to keep the sleeve position and directly connects the expansion tunneling equipment and the sleeve 4. In the specific embodiment, a stop hole can be arranged on the sleeve, a stop pin or a stop hook is arranged on the fixed frame of the base rack, the stop pin or the stop hook cooperates with the stop hole arranged on the sleeve, and the sleeve can be supported.

[0058] Specifically, during the pilot hole tunneling, the stop pin or the stop hook can be inserted into the stop hole of the last sleeve 4 every time the sleeve 4 extends forward by a distance, then the last sleeve 4 is connected with the next sleeve, and the stop pin or the stop hook is removed before the next stroke tunneling. During the reverse expansion tunneling, the stop pin or the stop hook can be inserted into the stop hole of the second last sleeve 4 every time the sleeve 4 reversely expands by a distance, then the last sleeve 4 is removed, and the stop pin or the stop hook is removed before the next stroke tunneling. At this time, the expansion tunneling equipment can be directly connected with the sleeve 4.

[0059] The specific embodiment 4 of the inclined shaft construction method provided in the present application: on the basis of any one of the embodiments 1-3, considering that the friction between the sleeve 4 and the pilot hole may increase the power consumption in long distance tunneling, in this embodiment, the sleeve is provided with a friction-reducing liquid injection channel 401, which can inject friction-reducing slurry, such as lubricating grease, mud water and the like. The movement of the sleeve 4 relative to the pilot hole here includes the processes of pilot hole tunneling and reverse expansion, and in actual use, the friction-reducing slurry can be injected in either process or both processes as needed. Of course, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that for the pilot hole tunneling with a certain overbreak, the diameter of the pilot hole is slightly larger than the diameter of the sleeve, and at this time, in short distance tunneling, the sleeve 4 can also move relative to the pilot hole even without injecting the friction-reducing slurry.

[0060] The specific embodiment 1 of the inclined shaft construction system in the present application:

[0061] The inclined shaft construction system provided in this embodiment can realize the inclined shaft construction method of leading first and pulling later, which mainly comprises a pilot hole tunneling device 1, an expansion tunneling device, a foundation rack 2 and a plurality of sleeves 4. The foundation rack 2 comprises a fixed frame 201, a push-pull oil cylinder 202 is installed on the fixed frame 201, and the fixed frame 201 can also be fixed at the starting position through a foundation 203. The push-pull oil cylinder 202 can be connected to the last sleeve 4. The sleeves 4 can be connected in sequence in the axial direction, and the specific number is set according to the required distance of the project. In order to realize the front and rear extension connection of the sleeves 4, the sleeves 4 should be provided with a connection structure capable of connecting with another sleeve 4. For the whole, as long as the sleeve 4 at one end is provided, the sleeve 4 at the other end can also meet the requirements. For the sleeves 4 arranged in the middle of the two ends, the connection structure capable of connecting with another sleeve 4 needs to be arranged at both ends of the sleeve 4. In addition, the inclined shaft construction system also comprises a retaining device, which can retain the sleeve 4 at a certain position to avoid the sleeve 4 from retreating. In this way, when the sleeve 4 is disassembled, the stability of the whole inclined shaft tunneling device can be realized.

[0062] In order to realize the sleeve 4 driving the pilot hole tunneling and expansion forming, the tunneling device mounting position capable of mounting the expansion tunneling device should be arranged on the sleeve 4 farthest from the push-pull oil cylinder 202 (the frontmost sleeve 4) or the related device connected to the sleeve 4, so as to play the role of transmitting the reverse expansion pulling force.

[0063] In addition, the support device in this embodiment is also arranged at the same position as the inclined shaft construction method in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, and the support device plays the role of retaining the position of the sleeve, that is, the retaining device is formed by the support device.

[0064] The specific construction process can be consistent with the process in the above-mentioned inclined shaft construction method, and will not be described in detail.

[0065] As for the expansion excavation equipment, a rotary mechanical rock breaking method shown in FIG. Figure 2 may be selected, which includes a rotary driving device 5 and a rock breaking mechanism, such as an expansion cutter head 6, connected to the rotary driving device 5. In order to improve the expansion efficiency and the guiding accuracy, the expansion cutter head 6 can be selected as a conical cutter head. Of course, a circular cutter head is also a usable solution.

[0066] In order to realize the quick installation of the expansion excavation equipment and the reserved expansion amount, the embodiment further includes a main beam 7, one end of which can be connected to the support shield 3 to realize the installation of the expansion excavation equipment.

[0067] In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of the sludge discharge of the inclined construction, the fixed body 301 is further provided with a fixed body sludge discharge channel 305 at the lower part, and the sludge of the pilot hole excavation and expansion can slide down through the fixed body sludge discharge channel 305, which realizes the efficient sludge discharge without bringing more cost. Of course, in other embodiments, even if the fixed body sludge discharge channel 305 is not provided at the lower part of the fixed body 301, it is also not impossible to discharge the sludge, and the setting of a multi-stage belt conveyor, a screw conveyor and other equipment is also a feasible sludge discharge solution. Of course, as a correspondence, the sleeve sludge discharge channel 404 is correspondingly provided on the sleeve 4.

[0068] In addition, in actual application, considering that the sleeve 4 will slide and rub with the pilot hole, the specific structure of the sleeve 4 is designed in the embodiment, which can be referred to Figure 4 The sleeve 4 is provided with a friction-reducing liquid injection channel 401, and the friction-reducing slurry can be injected between the sleeve 4 and the pilot hole through the friction-reducing liquid injection channel 401 to reduce the friction.

[0069] In addition, in order to meet the front-to-back connection of the sleeve 4, the embodiment provides a pin shaft ear plate connection solution, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 When the connecting ear plates 402 of the adjacent two sleeves 4 are correspondingly matched, the connecting pin shaft 403 can be inserted to realize a stable connection. In other embodiments, hooks or bolts and other connection methods can also be used, which is a technical solution that can be understood by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail.

[0070] The difference between the specific embodiment 2 of the inclined shaft construction system provided by the application and the embodiment 1 is mainly that, according to different tunnel construction project requirements, individual inclined shafts need to be excavated out of different diameters at different sections. The expansion excavation equipment in the inclined shaft construction system used in the embodiment is provided with a variable-diameter rock breaking mechanism on the rotary driving device 5. As an embodiment of the variable-diameter rock breaking mechanism, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the cutting and breaking mechanism can be swingably mounted on the rotary drive device 5, and a swing cylinder 8 is provided between the rotary drive device 5 and the cutting and breaking mechanism to drive the cutting and breaking mechanism to swing. In this case, a pushing cylinder is required to drive the cutting and breaking mechanism to push and break the rock. Specifically, this embodiment is equipped with a telescopic main beam 7, and the pushing cylinder 701 pushes the main beam 7 to extend and retract to achieve cutting and pushing rock breaking. Of course, in other embodiments, the pushing cylinder can also be installed in other locations, such as a connecting arm, to similarly transmit the pushing force to achieve rock breaking.

[0071] The cutting and breaking rock mechanism can be Figure 6 As shown, it includes a cutting head 601, a connecting arm 602, a cutting head driving device 603 and a cutting tooth set on the cutting head 601. Its specific working principle is similar to that of a cantilever type tunnel boring machine and will not be described in detail. The cutting head 601 in the cutting and rock breaking mechanism can also be replaced by Figure 7 The wheel cutter disc structure shown, specifically, includes a wheel cutter disc 901, a mounting arm 902, a wheel cutter disc drive device 903, and a tool 904 arranged on the wheel cutter disc 901, etc. Its specific working principle is also the existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0072] In fact, in order to achieve variable diameter excavation, there is not only the cutting rock breaking mechanism, but also the variable diameter cutter head is also a feasible solution. For example, in Figure 2 On the basis of the excavation expansion cutter disc 6 shown, a diameter-changing cutter is provided which can swing relative to the rotation center line of the cutter disc, and thus can also realize diameter-changing excavation.

[0073] Specific embodiment 3 of the inclined shaft construction system provided by the present invention: This embodiment provides an excavation and tunneling equipment that uses non-mechanical rock breaking. At this time, the excavation and tunneling equipment may not include a rotary drive device 5, but instead uses supercritical carbon dioxide, hydraulic jet, laser rock breaking and other solutions to break the rock, which can also achieve the expansion of the guide tunnel.

[0074] Specific embodiment 4 of the inclined shaft construction system provided by the present invention: This embodiment provides another form of retaining device. Specifically, the retaining device may include a retaining pin or retaining hook provided on the base frame. In this case, a retaining hole may be provided on the sleeve, and the retaining pin or retaining hook may be inserted into the retaining hole to prevent retreat, thereby also achieving a retaining effect.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without departing from the spirit and principle of the present application, or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalent features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of constructing an inclined shaft, characterized in that, When excavating the pilot hole, the pilot hole excavating equipment excavates forwardly, and a plurality of sleeves are connected in sequence at the rear side of the pilot hole excavating equipment until the pilot hole is excavated to the required distance, then the pilot hole excavating equipment is removed, the expansion excavating equipment is installed and connected with the frontmost sleeve directly or indirectly, then the push-pull oil cylinder is arranged at the starting position or connected with the last sleeve by the push-pull oil cylinder arranged at the starting position in advance, the expansion excavating equipment is pulled backward by the push-pull oil cylinder to expand backwardly, and the above operation is repeated until the expansion is excavated to the required distance.

2. The inclined shaft construction method according to claim 1, characterized by, The push-pull oil cylinder is arranged at the starting position in advance, and the push-pull oil cylinder pushes all the sleeves to excavate forwardly when excavating the pilot hole, and the push-pull oil cylinder is recovered and the next sleeve is connected after excavating a sleeve distance.

3. The inclined shaft construction method according to claim 1, characterized by, A supporting device is connected between the pilot hole excavating equipment and the frontmost sleeve, the supporting device is tightened against the pilot hole wall to keep the sleeve in a certain position when excavating the pilot hole, and the expansion excavating equipment is connected with the supporting device when the pilot hole excavating equipment is removed and the expansion excavating equipment is installed, thereby indirectly connecting with the frontmost sleeve.

4. The method of in-slope construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, When the sleeve moves relative to the pilot hole, the sleeve is injected with friction-reducing liquid through the liquid injection channel arranged on the sleeve.

5. A system for construction of an inclined shaft, characterized in that The device comprises a pilot hole excavating equipment, an expansion excavating equipment, a foundation rack, a plurality of sleeves capable of being excavated with the pilot hole excavating equipment and being connected in sequence, and a retaining device for stabilizing the sleeve in a certain position, the foundation rack is provided with a push-pull oil cylinder, the push-pull oil cylinder can be connected with the last sleeve, the frontmost sleeve or the related equipment installed on the sleeve is provided with an excavating equipment mounting position capable of mounting the expansion excavating equipment, and the push-pull oil cylinder can pull the expansion excavating equipment backwardly through the sleeve after the expansion excavating equipment is installed.

6. The slope construction system according to claim 5, characterized in that The retaining device is a supporting device connected between the frontmost sleeve and the pilot hole excavating equipment when excavating the pilot hole, the supporting device is provided with a detachable connecting structure for connecting with the pilot hole excavating equipment, and the supporting device comprises a supporting device body and a supporting shoe arranged on the supporting device body for tightening against the pilot hole wall.

7. The slope construction system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The sleeve is provided with a liquid injection channel for injecting friction-reducing liquid outwardly.

8. The slope construction system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The expansion excavating equipment comprises a rotary driving device and a rock breaking mechanism connected with the rotary driving device.

9. The slope construction system according to claim 8, characterized in that The rock breaking mechanism is a conical cutter head.

10. The slope construction system according to claim 8, characterized in that The rock breaking mechanism is a variable-diameter expansion mechanism.

11. The slope construction system according to claim 10, characterized in that The variable-diameter expansion mechanism comprises a cutting rock breaking mechanism swingingly mounted on the rotary driving device, a swing oil cylinder arranged between the cutting rock breaking mechanism and the rotary driving device for driving the cutting rock breaking mechanism to swing, and a pushing oil cylinder for driving the cutting rock breaking mechanism to extrude rocks.

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