An intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating working stroke of a rock drilling jumbo

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling jumbo. The device comprises a supporting cylinder, an adjusting mechanism, a drill rod and an impact piston, wherein the adjusting mechanism, the drill rod and the impact piston are located inside the supporting cylinder, the drill rod and the impact piston are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is used for receiving the impact pressure of the impact piston and then transmitting the impact pressure to the end face of the drill rod, and the adjusting mechanism comprises a shell, an elongation adjusting structure located in the shell and transmission rod members and adjusting plates located at the front and rear ends of the shell. Through the ingenious design and cooperation of the mechanical structure, the cavity, the gas and the fluid, the length of the length-adjusting transmission mechanism can be automatically adjusted, and the automatic adjustment can be realized independently and automatically without manual intervention and an external power source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transmission protection and automatic adjustment of working stroke of rock drilling rigs, specifically relating to an intelligent operation and maintenance device that automatically compensates for the working stroke of a rock drilling rig. Background Technology

[0002] A rock drilling rig is an important piece of large-scale engineering equipment, commonly used for chiseling rocks or digging holes. Due to the harsh and specific working environment of a rock drilling rig, it requires manual operation.

[0003] When manually operating a rock drilling rig, first bring the equipment close to the target rock, then turn on the drilling power so that the drill rod can strike the rock. During this process, manual operation is still required to advance the rig.

[0004] However, the precision of manual operation is difficult to control, making it hard to ensure that the distance between the drill rod and the target rock is at the optimal level. If the distance is too small, the impact force generated when the drilling power cuts in will be enormous, potentially exceeding the drilling rig's tolerance and damaging it. Conversely, if the distance is too large, the drilling power cannot be effectively transmitted to the rock, resulting in low equipment efficiency.

[0005] One effective solution to the above problems is to design an intelligent operation and maintenance device that can automatically adjust its working stroke according to actual needs, thus meeting the intelligent operation and maintenance requirements of large-scale engineering equipment. Intelligent operation and maintenance refers to the use of a scientific method to use, manage, and maintain the operation of equipment, especially the detection, early warning, and adaptive adjustment of the equipment's operating status. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, in order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a real-time early warning and adjustment device in the transmission process of a rock drilling rig. A transmission mechanism is designed and installed between the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the drill rod. The transmission mechanism can realize automatic adjustment of the working stroke, so that the working stroke of the drill rod is dynamically equal to or close to the optimal distance between the drill rod and the target rock in real time.

[0007] The present invention provides a method for real-time detection of whether the working stroke of a rock drilling rig is appropriate. It can automatically adjust the working stroke in real time. Specifically, it can automatically detect in real time whether the working stroke of the drill rod at the working end face is too short and automatically correct it according to the deviation of the stroke.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0009] The rock drilling rig includes a support cylinder, a transmission mechanism, a drill rod, and an impact piston. The transmission mechanism, the drill rod, and the impact piston are all located inside the support cylinder. The drill rod and the impact piston are located at the front and rear ends of the transmission mechanism, respectively. The transmission mechanism is used to receive the impact pressure of the impact piston and then transmit it to the end face of the drill rod.

[0010] The transmission mechanism includes a housing, an extension adjustment structure located within the housing, and transmission rods and adjustment plates located at the front and rear ends of the housing, respectively. An adjustment cavity is located in the rear of the housing, with its rear end connected to the outside atmosphere via a through hole on the rear end face of the housing. Multiple cylindrical holes are located in the front of the housing, evenly spaced along the circumference of the housing. The front ends of the cylindrical holes extend through the front end face of the housing, and their rear ends connect to the adjustment cavity. Adjustment plates are installed sequentially from front to back within the adjustment cavity; these plates can only move axially within the adjustment cavity and cannot rotate. A central cavity is located in the middle of the housing, with its rear end connected to the adjustment cavity. An extension adjustment structure is installed in the central cavity, with its rear end extending out of the central cavity and into the adjustment cavity, where it is threadedly connected to the adjustment plates. A transmission rod located at the front of the housing is used to contact and output pressure, and a portion of the transmission rod extends into the cylindrical holes and moves axially, thereby transmitting pressure changes in the cylindrical holes to the extension adjustment structure.

[0011] The transmission rod includes an impact disc, multiple transmission columns, and multiple isolation columns. The front end face of the impact disc is used to contact the external action surface and sense and receive the inclination of the external action surface. The front end of each transmission column is in contact with the rear end face of the impact disc. The rear end of each transmission column is axially movable and sealed into its corresponding cylindrical hole. An isolation column is axially movable and sealed in the middle of each cylindrical hole. The isolation column has a blind hole on its front end face facing forward as the inner cavity of the isolation column.

[0012] The outer circumferential surface of the adjusting plate is sealed to the cavity wall of the adjusting cavity, dividing the adjusting cavity into a pressure cavity at the front end of the adjusting plate and a free cavity at the rear end of the adjusting plate; the outer circumferential surface of the isolation column is sealed to the wall of the cylindrical hole, dividing the cylindrical hole into a compression cavity at the front and a transmission cavity at the rear; when the elongation adjusting structure is installed in the central cavity, it forms a relative seal with the rear cavity wall of the central cavity, so that the front cavity space of the central cavity forms a relatively independent motion cavity;

[0013] The motion chamber and free chamber are connected to the outside atmosphere; the compression chamber, transmission chamber and pressure chamber are not connected to the outside atmosphere and are relatively closed chambers. The compression chamber is filled with air and is called an air chamber, while the transmission chamber and pressure chamber are filled with oil and are called oil chambers.

[0014] The elongation adjustment structure includes an adjustment shaft and an adjustment assembly. The adjustment shaft is located on the central axis of the housing. One end of the adjustment shaft extends into the central cavity, and the other end extends out of the central cavity and into the adjustment cavity, where it is threadedly connected to the central hole of the adjustment plate. The middle part of the adjustment shaft is sealed to the inner wall of the rear end of the central cavity when it passes through the central cavity, and is rotatably supported by a bearing, so that the front part of the central cavity forms a relatively closed motion cavity. The adjustment assembly is installed at the front end of the adjustment shaft in the motion cavity. The isolation column is also provided with a connecting cavity and a connecting channel, through which the pressure of the cylindrical hole is transmitted to the motion cavity, thereby driving the adjustment assembly to rotate the adjustment shaft, which in turn drives the adjustment plate and the transmission rod to move towards the front end to achieve elongation.

[0015] The adjusting shaft has a stepped shaft structure and is divided into five sections from front to rear: end section, clutch section, valve shaft section, long shaft section, and threaded section. The threaded section is provided with external threads, which are threaded into the center hole of the adjusting plate. The front part of the long shaft section is rotatably fitted into the rear end of the central cavity through a bearing. The valve shaft section is sealed in the central cavity. The clutch section is provided with a clutch surface for cooperating with the elongation adjustment structure. The end section is used to install the elongation adjustment structure.

[0016] The diameter of the clutch section of the adjusting shaft is larger than the diameter of the end section. A stepped surface is formed between the end section and the clutch section of the adjusting shaft. The stepped surface and the rear end surface of the ring sleeve are provided with a clutch surface that engages with each other, so that the stepped surface and the rear end surface of the ring sleeve form a coaxial rotating meshing connection when they are in close contact with each other.

[0017] The length adjustment assembly includes a ring sleeve, a shaped rod made of magnetic material, a ring magnet, a pull rod mechanism, and a stop. The ring sleeve is axially movable and rotatably fitted onto the end section. The ring magnet is fixedly fitted onto the end of the end section of the adjustment shaft. A radially upward-arranged shaped rod is fixedly arranged on the top circumference of the ring sleeve. A stop is fixedly provided on one side of the top of the motion cavity at the end of the end section of the adjustment shaft. The shaped rod is located on the side of the stop. A pull rod space is provided on the other side for the arrangement and movement of the pull rod mechanism. The pull rod mechanism is arranged inside the pull rod space. One end of the pull rod mechanism is movably inserted into the housing and connected to the cylindrical hole through a connecting cavity and a connecting channel. The side end face of the stop facing the pull rod mechanism and the pull rod space is set as a vertical plane. A square magnet is provided inside the stop for magnetically repelling the pull rod mechanism and magnetically attracting the shaped rod.

[0018] The pull rod mechanism includes a reciprocating rod, a magnet block, a first chuck, a second chuck, and a flat magnet. A magnet block for magnetically attracting the first chuck is fixedly installed at one end of the reciprocating rod. The first chuck is hinged to one end of the reciprocating rod via a horizontal pin, allowing the first chuck to swing and rotate up and down. A second chuck is hinged to one side of the first chuck via a vertical pin, forming a chuck clamping structure. The second chuck can swing and rotate horizontally left and right. A flat magnet for magnetic repulsion engagement with the square magnet is embedded inside the first chuck. A reset magnet for resetting the pull rod mechanism is embedded beside the housing into which the reciprocating rod of the pull rod mechanism extends.

[0019] The second claw is hinged to the first claw at its root, and one end of the second claw is fixedly connected to the support lug near its root. The other end of the support lug is connected to the middle of the first claw via a spring, so that under the action of the spring, the other end of the support lug abuts against the side of the first claw, thereby the second claw moves toward the first claw to maintain a clamping posture under normal conditions. Under normal conditions, there is a clamping gap between the second claw and the first claw with a width smaller than the outer diameter of the irregular rod for clamping the irregular rod.

[0020] The corner of the first jaw near the second jaw is formed by beveling. The beveled wedge is used to engage with and contact the irregular rod, and to drive the irregular rod to move backward.

[0021] The root of the first claw is hinged to the reciprocating rod. The root of the first claw is provided with a local magnetic component or magnetic material near the magnet block. The magnetic component or magnetic material and the magnet block attract each other to provide the overall swinging and rotating reset force of the first claw and the second claw.

[0022] The aforementioned tie rod space has an elongation movement channel on the side of the moving cavity wall away from the stop. The reciprocating rod seal of the tie rod mechanism is axially movable and inserted into one end of the elongation movement channel. The other end of the elongation movement channel is connected to the cylindrical hole through the connecting cavity and connecting channel on the isolation column.

[0023] The connecting cavity and connecting channel on the isolation column specifically include an elongated connecting cavity, an air hole, and an elongated connecting channel. The cylindrical hole wall at the isolation column is also provided with an annular elongated connecting cavity. The isolation column has an air hole on the inner wall of the isolation column, so that the inner cavity of the isolation column is connected to the elongated connecting cavity through the air hole. The elongated connecting cavity is connected to one end of the elongated connecting channel and the elongated movement channel opened inside the shell. The other end of the elongated movement channel is connected to the pull rod space.

[0024] The irregularly shaped rod mainly consists of a thick rod, a thin rod, and a positioning block. The thick rod and the thin rod are arranged coaxially at the top and bottom, respectively. The thick rod is used to cooperate with the pull rod mechanism and be driven to move. The lower end of the thin rod is fixed to the ring sleeve. A radially arranged positioning block is fixed between the bottom end of the thick rod and the thin rod. The positioning block is used to cooperate with the pull rod mechanism. In the pull rod mechanism, the second claw has a through groove machined near the root as a square empty slot. The square empty slot is used to cooperate with the positioning block of the irregularly shaped rod.

[0025] This invention designs an intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig, achieving the effect of automatic stroke extension. In practice, operators can control the equipment to approach the rock with a relatively large initial distance and start working. The device of this invention can mechanically provide feedback and automatically extend the working stroke, thereby gradually increasing the distance between the drill rod of the rock drilling rig and the rock to the optimal range. This avoids both the violent impact problem caused by too small an initial distance during manual operation and the low impact efficiency caused by too large an initial distance.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] This invention, through the ingenious design and coordination of mechanical structure, cavity, gas and fluid, can automatically extend the length of the transmission mechanism when the drill rod is too short, thus achieving adaptive length adjustment correction.

[0028] In particular, all adjustment functions of this invention are automatically realized by the mechanical structure, without the need for manual intervention or external power source. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the core component of the rock drilling rig containing the transmission mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing structure of the transmission mechanism;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an overall structural diagram of the elongation adjustment structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Three-dimensional and sectional views of the elongation adjustment structure;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the tie rod mechanism in the elongation adjustment structure;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the engagement relationship between the two jaws in the lever mechanism;

[0036] Figure 8This is a diagram showing the magnetic adsorption motion relationship of the magnet block in the lever mechanism;

[0037] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the connecting cavity and connecting channel on the isolation column of the elongation adjustment structure;

[0038] Figure 10 This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the initial state of the tie rod mechanism driving the irregular rod in the elongation adjustment structure.

[0039] Figure 11 This is the second schematic diagram showing the initial state of the tie rod mechanism driving the irregular rod in the elongation adjustment structure.

[0040] Figure 12 This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the final state of the tie rod mechanism driving the irregular rod in the elongation adjustment structure.

[0041] Figure 13 This is the second schematic diagram showing the final state of the pull rod mechanism driving the irregular rod in the elongation adjustment structure.

[0042] Figure 14 A diagram showing the state changes during the complete process of the tie rod mechanism driving the irregular rod in the elongation adjustment structure.

[0043] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the square slot fitting in a non-shaped rod and tie rod mechanism;

[0044] Figure 16 The diagram shows the state changes during the complete process of the irregular rod moving through the square vacant slot under extreme conditions.

[0045] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the final elongation movement of the elongation adjustment structure.

[0046] In the picture:

[0047] 0. Transmission mechanism;

[0048] 1. Housing: 101 Adjustment cavity, 102 Cylindrical hole, 104 Central cavity, 108 Rod space, 110 Elongated connecting cavity, 111 Elongated connecting channel;

[0049] 2. Tilt adjustment structure:

[0050] 4. Transmission rods: 401 Impact disc, 402 Transmission column, 403 Isolation column, 406 Air hole, 407 Isolation column inner cavity;

[0051] 5 Adjustment Plates: S1 Compression Chamber, S2 Transmission Chamber, S3 Motion Chamber, S5 Pressure Chamber, S6 Free Chamber;

[0052] 6. Extension adjustment structure: 31 Adjustment shaft, 32 Bearing, 61 Extension adjustment assembly: 611 Ring sleeve, 612 Irregular rod, 613 Square magnet, 614 Ring magnet, 615 Pull rod mechanism, 616 Stop, 617 Reset magnet;

[0053] 615 Pull-rod mechanism: 6151 reciprocating rod, 6152 magnet block, 6153 first pawl, 6154 second pawl, 6155 spring, 6156 flat magnet, 6157 square slot, 6158 support lug, 6159 inclined wedge surface;

[0054] 612 Irregular rods: 6121 thick rod, 6122 thin rod, 6123 positioning block;

[0055] 7 Impact piston; 8 Support cylinder; 9 Drill rod. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, a detailed description is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the rock drilling rig includes a support cylinder 8, a transmission mechanism 0, a drill rod 9, and an impact piston 7.

[0058] The transmission mechanism 0, the drill rod 9, and the impact piston 7 are all located inside the support cylinder 8. The drill rod 9 and the impact piston 7 are located at the front and rear ends of the transmission mechanism 0, respectively. The transmission mechanism 0 is used to receive the impact pressure of the impact piston 7 and then smoothly transmit it to the end face of the drill rod 9.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmission mechanism 0 includes a housing 1, an extension adjustment structure 6 located inside the housing 1, and transmission rods 4 and adjustment plates 5 located at the front and rear ends of the housing 1, respectively.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, an adjustment cavity 101 is provided in the rear part of the housing 1. The rear end of the adjustment cavity 101 is connected to the outside atmosphere through a through hole on the rear end face of the housing 1. A plurality of cylindrical holes 102 are provided in the front part of the housing 1. The plurality of cylindrical holes 102 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the housing 1. The front end of the cylindrical holes 102 extends through the front end face of the housing 1, and the rear end of the cylindrical holes 102 is connected to the adjustment cavity 101.

[0061] An adjustment plate 5 is installed sequentially from front to back inside the adjustment cavity 101. The adjustment plate 5 can only move axially within the adjustment cavity 101 and cannot rotate. In a specific implementation, a cylindrical boss can be fixedly provided at the rear end of the adjustment plate 5. The cylindrical boss of the adjustment plate 5 can be axially movably inserted into the through hole opened at the rear end of the housing 1, so that the adjustment plate 5 can be freely guided and moved along the axial direction of the housing 1, but cannot rotate.

[0062] The housing 1 has a relatively independent central cavity 104 in the middle. The rear end of the central cavity 104 is connected to the adjustment cavity 101. An extension adjustment structure 6 is installed in the central cavity 104. The rear end of the extension adjustment structure 6 extends out of the central cavity 104 and into the adjustment cavity 101, and is connected to the adjustment plate 5 by a thread.

[0063] The transmission rod 4 is located at the front end of the housing 1 to contact the output pressure, and a part of the transmission rod 4 extends into the cylindrical hole 102 and moves axially, thereby driving the pressure change in the cylindrical hole 102 to be transmitted to the extension adjustment structure 6. The rear end face of the housing 1 is used to receive the external pressure.

[0064] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmission rod 4 includes at least an impact disc 401, multiple transmission columns 402, and multiple isolation columns 403; the impact disc 401 is made of magnetic material, and the front end face of the impact disc 401 is used to contact the external action surface and sense the inclination of the receiving external action surface.

[0065] The number of transmission pillars 402, isolation pillars 403, and cylindrical holes 102 are the same and correspond one-to-one. The front end of each transmission pillar 402 is in contact with the rear end face of the impact disc 401. The rear end of each transmission pillar 402 is axially movable and sealed into its corresponding cylindrical hole 102. An isolation pillar 403 is axially movable and sealed in the middle of each cylindrical hole 102. The isolation pillar 403 has a blind hole on its front end face facing forward as an inner cavity 407.

[0066] More specifically, the transmission rod 4 can also be equipped with a guide post, with the center of the rear end face of the impact disk 401 and the front end of the guide post being ball-jointed. The rear end of the guide post is axially movable and sealed into the guide hole; the impact disk 401 achieves axial guided movement through the guide post. Furthermore, a guide magnet can be embedded in the front end of each transmission post 402 for magnetic attraction to the impact disk 401, which is made of magnetic material. The guide magnet is used to magnetically attract the front end of the transmission post 402 to the impact disk 401.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer peripheral surface of the adjusting plate 5 is sealed to the cavity wall of the adjusting cavity 101. The adjusting cavity 101 is divided into a pressure cavity S5 located at the front end of the adjusting plate 5 and a free cavity S6 located at the rear end of the adjusting plate 5 by the adjusting plate 5. The outer peripheral surface of the isolation column 403 is sealed to the wall of the cylindrical hole 102. The cylindrical hole 102 is divided into a compression cavity S1 at the front and a transmission cavity S2 at the rear by the isolation column 403.

[0068] When the elongation adjustment structure 6 is installed in the central cavity 104, it forms a relative seal with the rear cavity wall of the central cavity 104, so that the front cavity space of the central cavity 104 forms a relatively independent and relatively closed motion cavity S3. The elongation adjustment structure 6 is completely installed in the motion cavity S3.

[0069] In this invention, the motion chamber S3 and the free chamber S6 are connected to the outside atmosphere; the compression chamber S1, the transmission chamber S2, and the pressure chamber S5 are not connected to the outside atmosphere and are relatively closed chambers. The compression chamber S1 is filled with air and is a gas chamber, while the transmission chamber S2 and the pressure chamber S5 are filled with oil and are oil chambers.

[0070] A tilt adjustment structure 2 can also be installed inside the housing 1 of the transmission mechanism 0. The tilt adjustment structure 2 and the adjustment plate 5 are installed sequentially from front to back in the adjustment cavity 101. The front end of the tilt adjustment structure 2 extends into each cylindrical hole 102, and the rear end face is separated from the adjustment plate 5 by the pressure cavity S5. The rear end of the adjustment shaft 31 of the extension adjustment structure 6 extends out of the central cavity 104 and then passes through the tilt adjustment structure 2 in a sealed manner before connecting with the adjustment plate 5. The pressure change in the cylindrical hole 102 can also be transmitted to the tilt adjustment structure 2, and the tilt of the impact disc 401 of the transmission mechanism 0 can be adjusted through the tilt adjustment structure 2.

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, the elongation adjustment structure 6 includes an adjustment shaft 31 and an adjustment component 61.

[0072] The adjusting shaft 31 is located on the central axis of the housing 1. One end of the adjusting shaft 31 extends into the central cavity 104, and the other end of the adjusting shaft 31 passes through the central cavity 104 and extends into the adjusting cavity 101. It then passes through the inclined adjusting structure 2 and the central hole of the adjusting plate 5 and is threadedly connected. When the middle part of the adjusting shaft 31 passes through the central cavity 104, it is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the rear end of the central cavity 104. It is rotatably supported by the bearing 32, so that the front part of the central cavity 104 forms a relatively closed motion cavity S3. The front end of the adjusting shaft 31 in the motion cavity S3 in front of the bearing 32 is equipped with an adjusting length component 61. The bearing 32 is a double row angular contact ball bearing.

[0073] The isolation column 403 is also provided with a connecting cavity and a connecting channel. The pressure of the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column of the cylindrical hole 102 is transmitted to the motion cavity S3 through the connecting cavity and the connecting channel, thereby driving the length adjustment component 61 to drive the adjustment shaft 31 to rotate, thereby driving the adjustment plate 5 and the transmission rod 4 to move towards the front end to achieve elongation.

[0074] like Figure 2As shown, when the length of the transmission rod 4 extending out of the housing 1 is too short, each time the transmission rod 4 presses into the housing 1, the pressure is transmitted to the cylindrical hole 102, and then transmitted to the length adjustment component 61 through the connecting cavity and connecting channel on the isolation column 403. This drives the length adjustment component 61 to move and rotate the adjustment shaft 31. The rotation of the adjustment shaft 31 then drives the adjustment plate 5 to move axially towards the front end through the threaded sliding pair, thereby reducing the volume of the pressure chamber S5. After the pressure in the pressure chamber S5 increases, the pressure is transmitted and finally causes the transmission rod 4 to move towards the front end, thus completing the adaptive elongation movement.

[0075] like Figure 4 As shown, the adjusting shaft 31 has a stepped shaft structure and is divided into five sections from the front end to the rear end: end section 3101, clutch section 3102, valve shaft section 3103, long shaft section 3104, and threaded section 3105. The threaded section 3105 is provided with external threads, and the external threads of the threaded section 3105 are threadedly fitted into the center hole of the adjusting plate 5. The front part of the long shaft section 3104 is rotatably fitted into the rear end of the central cavity 104 through the bearing 32. The valve shaft section 3103 is sealedly fitted into the middle part of the central cavity 104. The clutch section 3102 is provided with a clutch surface for cooperating with the elongation adjustment structure 6, and the end section 3101 is used to install the elongation adjustment structure 6.

[0076] The diameter of the clutch section 3102 of the adjusting shaft 31 is larger than the diameter of the end section 3101. A stepped surface is formed between the end section 3101 and the clutch section 3102 of the adjusting shaft 31. The stepped surface and the rear end face of the ring sleeve 611 are provided with a clutch surface that engages and disengages with each other, so that the stepped surface and the rear end face of the ring sleeve 611 form a coaxial rotational meshing connection when they are in close contact with each other, that is, the ring sleeve 611 and the adjusting shaft 31 rotate coaxially.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, the length adjustment assembly 61 includes a ring sleeve 611, a shaped rod 612 made of magnetic material, a ring magnet 614, a pull rod mechanism 615, and a stop 616.

[0078] The ring sleeve 611 is axially movable and rotatably fitted onto the end section 3101 near the end. The ring magnet 614 is fixedly fitted onto the end section 3101 of the adjusting shaft 31. The ring sleeve 611 is located between the ring magnet 614 and the clutch section 3102. A radially upward-arranged irregular rod 612 is fixedly provided on the top circumferential surface of the ring sleeve 611. The irregular rod 612 and the ring sleeve 611 move together in a fixed manner.

[0079] A stop 616 is fixed on one side of the top of the motion cavity S3 at the end of the end section 3101 of the adjusting shaft 31. The irregular rod 612 is located on the side of the stop 616. The stop 616 is fixed to the housing 1. A rod space 108 is provided on the other side for the arrangement and movement of the rod mechanism 615. The rod mechanism 615 is arranged inside the rod space 108. One end of the rod mechanism 615 is movably inserted into the housing 1 and is connected to the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column of the cylindrical hole 102 through the connecting cavity and the connecting channel.

[0080] The side end face of the baffle 616 facing the tie rod mechanism 615 and the tie rod space 108 is set as a vertical plane, and a square magnet 613 is provided inside the baffle 616 for magnetically repelling the internal structure of the tie rod mechanism 615 and magnetically adsorbing the irregular rod 612.

[0081] The square magnet 613 of this invention has two functions: one is to magnetically attract the irregularly shaped rod 612, and the other is to magnetically repel the flat magnet 6156 in the pull rod mechanism 615, thus achieving a dual function and effect. Under normal conditions, the irregularly shaped rod 612 is attracted by the square magnet 613 and pressed tightly against the vertical plane of the baffle 616.

[0082] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the lever mechanism 615 includes a reciprocating lever 6151, a magnet block 6152, a first pawl 6153, a second pawl 6154, and a flat magnet 6156. One end of the reciprocating lever 6151 is fixedly fitted with a magnet block 6152 for magnetically attracting the first pawl 6153 to return it to its horizontal position. The other end of the reciprocating lever 6151 is inserted into the housing 1 of the lever space 108. One end of the reciprocating lever 6151 is hinged to the first pawl 6153 via a horizontal pin, allowing the first pawl 6153 to swing and rotate up and down around the horizontal pin. A second pawl 6154 is hinged to one side of the first pawl 6153 via a vertical pin, forming a scissor-like clamping structure. The second pawl 6154 can swing and rotate horizontally left and right around the vertical pin. A flat magnet 6156 is embedded inside the first pawl 6153 for magnetically repelling engagement with the square magnet 613.

[0083] A reset magnet 617 for resetting the pull rod mechanism 615 is embedded beside the housing 1 into which the reciprocating rod 6151 of the pull rod mechanism 615 extends. In a specific implementation, a reset magnet 617 for providing reset power is also provided, and the reset magnet 617 can be installed in... Figure 5The marked location. The function of the reset magnet 617 is: when the pressure in the elongated connecting channel 111, the elongated connecting cavity 110, and the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column decreases, the reset magnet 617 attracts the magnet block 6152, thereby driving the entire pull rod mechanism 615 to reset. The magnet block 6152 also has two functions, enabling it to be used for multiple purposes.

[0084] The second claw 6154 is hinged to the first claw 6153 at its root, and one end of the second claw 6154 is fixedly connected to the support lug 6158 near its root. The other end of the support lug 6158 is connected to the middle of the first claw 6153 via a spring 6155, so that under the action of the spring 6155, the other end of the support lug 6158 abuts against the side of the first claw 6153, so that the second claw 6154 moves toward the first claw 6153 to maintain a clamping posture under normal conditions. Under normal conditions, there is a clamping gap between the second claw 6154 and the first claw 6153 with a width smaller than the outer diameter of the shaped rod 612 for clamping the shaped rod 612.

[0085] like Figure 7 As shown, the corner of the outer end of the first jaw 6153 near the second jaw 6154 is formed by beveling to form a wedge surface 6159. The wedge surface 6159 is used to engage with and contact the irregular rod 612 and drive the irregular rod 612 to move backward.

[0086] like Figure 8 As shown, the root of the first jaw 6153 is hinged to the reciprocating rod 6151. A localized magnetic element or material is provided at the root of the first jaw 6153 near the magnet block 6152. The magnetic element or material attracts the magnet block 6152, providing the first jaw 6153 and the second jaw 6154 with an overall swing-rotational reset force. This allows the magnet block 6152 to magnetically attract the magnetic element or material, ensuring that the first jaw 6153 and the second jaw 6154 return to a horizontal position after swinging and rotating. In the initial state, under the action of the magnet block 6152, both the first jaw 6153 and the second jaw 6154 remain horizontal with the reciprocating rod 6151.

[0087] like Figure 5 As shown, the pull rod space 108 has an elongation movement channel on the wall of the motion cavity S3 on the side away from the stop 616. The reciprocating rod 6151 of the pull rod mechanism 615 is axially movable and sealed in one end of the elongation movement channel. The other end of the elongation movement channel is connected to the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column of the cylindrical hole 102 through the connecting cavity and the connecting channel on the isolation column 403.

[0088] like Figure 9As shown, the connecting cavity and connecting channel on the isolation column 403 specifically include an elongated connecting cavity 110, an air hole 406, and an elongated connecting channel 111. An annular elongated connecting cavity 110 is also provided on the wall of the cylindrical hole 102 at the isolation column 403. At least one isolation column 403 has an air hole 406 on at least one side wall of its inner cavity 407, allowing the inner cavity 407 to connect with the elongated connecting cavity 110 via the air hole 406. The elongated connecting cavity 110 is connected to one end of the elongated moving channel via the elongated connecting channel 111 inside the housing 1, and the other end of the elongated moving channel connects to the pull rod space 108. This allows the gas pressure inside the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column to be transmitted sequentially through the air hole 406, the elongated connecting cavity 110, and the elongated connecting channel 111 to the elongated moving channel, pushing the reciprocating rod 6151 in the elongated moving channel towards the irregular rod 612 and the baffle 616. When the reciprocating rod 6151 moves toward the irregular rod 612, the stop blocks the irregular rod 612, and the ring sleeve 611 does not rotate.

[0089] like Figure 15 As shown, the irregular rod 612 is mainly composed of a thick rod 6121, a thin rod 6122, and a positioning block 6123. The thick rod 6121 and the thin rod 6122 are arranged coaxially at the top and bottom respectively. The thick rod 6121 is used to cooperate with the pull rod mechanism 615 and be driven to move. The lower end of the thick rod 6121 and the upper end of the thin rod 6122 are coaxially connected. The lower end of the thin rod 6122 is fixed on the ring sleeve 611. A positioning block 6123 is fixedly installed between the bottom end of the thick rod 6121 and the thin rod 6122, and is arranged radially perpendicular to the thick rod 6121 and the thin rod 6122. The positioning block 6123 is used to cooperate with the square empty slot 6157 in the pull rod mechanism 615. The size of the positioning block 6123 is slightly smaller than the size of the square empty slot 6157. The lower plane of the positioning block 6123 coincides with the lower plane of the thick rod 6121.

[0090] The positioning block 6123 is used to abut the claws of the pull rod mechanism 615 at the appropriate time. The function of the positioning block 6123 is: when the square magnet 613 and the flat magnet 6156 generate repulsive force, the first claw 6153 and the second claw 6154 tend to rotate downward. The positioning block 6123 is used to abut the second claw 6154, thereby preventing the two claws from rotating downward at an inappropriate time.

[0091] During operation, the thick rod 6121 is positioned in the gap between the second chuck 6154 and the first chuck 6153, and is clamped by the second chuck 6154 and the first chuck 6153, thus driving its movement.

[0092] In the lever mechanism 615, the second claw 6154 has a vertical through groove machined near the root as a square empty slot 6157, which is used to cooperate with the positioning block 6123 of the irregular rod 612.

[0093] Specifically, when the lever mechanism 615 is radially pushed to its limit and moves close to the irregular rod 612 and the stop 616, the square magnet 613 magnetically repels the flat magnet 6156, causing the first claw 6153 and the second claw 6154 to swing downward as a whole. This allows the positioning block 6123 of the irregular rod 612 to freely pass through the square empty slot 6157 and pass through the second claw 6154 without being blocked.

[0094] Whenever the length of the transmission rod 4 extending out of the housing 1 is too short, the following extension length adjustment is performed, and the specific extension movement process is as follows:

[0095] In its original state, the ring sleeve 611 and the irregular rod 612 are magnetically attracted and fixed by the annular magnet 614 at the far end of the adjusting shaft 31. At the same time, the irregular rod 612, made of magnetic material, is magnetically attracted and pressed against the side of the baffle 616 by the square magnet 613 inside the baffle 616. The magnet block 6152 of the pull rod mechanism 615 will magnetically attract the root of the first claw 6153, so that the first claw 6153 and the second claw 6154 cannot rotate and remain horizontally arranged.

[0096] like Figure 14 As shown, the working status is as follows:

[0097] Each time the transmission rod 4 presses into the housing 1, the pressure is transmitted through the cylindrical hole 102 to the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column 403. The gas pressure in the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column is transmitted sequentially through the air hole 406, the elongation connecting cavity 110, and the elongation connecting channel 111 to the elongation movement channel, pushing the reciprocating rod 6151 and the overall tie rod mechanism 615 in the elongation movement channel to move closer to the irregular rod 612 and the stop 616.

[0098] If the pull rod mechanism 615 moves toward the irregular rod 612, the irregular rod 612 will first contact the inclined wedge surface 6159 of the first pawl in the pull rod mechanism 615, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, it slides into the clamping gap between the first jaw 6153 and the second jaw 6154 and is clamped by the jaws, and then pulled by the clamping gap. The specific process is as follows:

[0099] First, the wedge surface 6159 pushes the irregular rod 612 towards the rear end. The irregular rod 612 and its ring sleeve 611, as a whole, overcome the magnetic attraction force of the ring magnet 614 and move towards the rear end until they mesh and engage with the stepped surface of the clutch section 3102 of the adjusting shaft 31. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the ring sleeve 611 and the adjusting shaft 31 are connected to rotate synchronously;

[0100] Then, with the ring sleeve 611 and the adjusting shaft 31 maintaining an engaged connection, the shaped rod 612 has slid into the clamping gap between the first jaw 6153 and the second jaw 6154 and is clamped by the jaws. The pull rod mechanism 615 continues to move towards the shaped rod 612, and the shaped rod 612 continues to move horizontally deeper into the clamping gap. At this time, the shaped rod 612 overcomes friction in the clamping gap and is blocked by the stop 616, preventing it from moving, thus keeping the ring sleeve 611 stationary. At this time, the first jaw 6153 and the second jaw 6154 maintain a horizontal posture, and the positioning block 6123 of the shaped rod 612 will always remain below the second jaw 6154.

[0101] like Figure 14 As shown, the return state:

[0102] When the transmission rod 4 moves back to the outer position of the housing 1, the pressure in the cylindrical hole 102 and the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column is significantly reduced and released. Under the magnetic attraction of the magnet block 6152 of the pull rod mechanism 615 by the reset magnet 617, the pull rod mechanism 615 moves back to its original position. The pressure in the extension movement channel is relatively high. After passing through the extension connecting channel 111, the extension connecting cavity 110, and the air hole 406 in sequence, it returns to the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column and is lowered and released, thereby driving the reciprocating rod 6151 to make a return movement, so that the pull rod mechanism 615 is pulled back.

[0103] When the pull rod mechanism 615 is returned to its original position, the irregular rod 612 remains clamped within the clamping gap and maintains a certain horizontal depth. Since there are no obstructions such as the stop 616, the return of the pull rod mechanism 615 will also pull the irregular rod 612 away from the stop 616 and closer to the pull rod space 108. At this time, the movement of the irregular rod 612 drives the overall rotation of the irregular rod 612 and the ring sleeve 611, thereby driving the adjusting shaft 31 to rotate synchronously. Then, the rotation of the adjusting shaft 31 drives the adjusting plate 5 to move axially towards the front end via the threaded sliding pair, realizing the reduction of the pressure chamber S5. After the pressure in the pressure chamber S5 increases, the pressure is transmitted through the cylindrical hole 102, ultimately causing the transmission rod 4 to move towards the front end. Figure 17 As shown, the total length LX of the transmission mechanism 0 increases, thereby completing the adaptive elongation motion and compensating for the working stroke.

[0104] Therefore, the thread direction relationship between the adjusting shaft 31 and the adjusting plate 5 should be such that when the adjusting shaft 31 is driven to rotate by the ring sleeve 611, the adjusting plate 5 is limited and cannot rotate, but can move forward.

[0105] Then, when the shaped rod 612 overcomes the frictional force of the clamping gap and disengages from the clamping gap, it is released from the clamping gap. Once the shaped rod 612 is released, the shaped rod 612 and the ring sleeve 611 are magnetically attracted in two directions by the square magnet 613 and the ring magnet 614 inside the stop 616, respectively. At the same time, the ring sleeve 611 disengages from the step surface of the clutch section 3102 of the adjusting shaft 31, and the shaped rod 612 is attracted to the side of the stop 616 and returns to its position for the next operation.

[0106] It should be noted that the entire process described above is automatically adjusted by the system.

[0107] By repeating the above actions multiple times, the length of the transmission mechanism can be adjusted multiple times.

[0108] like Figure 16 As shown, the limiting state:

[0109] When the transmission rod 4 presses into the housing 1 each time, if the pressure transmitted to the cylindrical hole 102 via the impact disc 401 and the transmission column 402 is too high, the excessive pressure in the cylindrical hole 102 will be transmitted sequentially through the inner cavity 407 of the isolation column, the air hole 406, the elongation connecting cavity 110, and the elongation connecting channel 111 to the elongation movement channel. This will push the reciprocating rod 6151 and the overall tie rod mechanism 615 in the elongation movement channel to move towards the extreme position close to the irregular rod 612 and the stop 616. That is, the irregularly shaped rod 612 extends horizontally into the innermost part of the clamping gap. In this case, the flat magnet 6156 inside the first claw 6153 of the pull rod mechanism 615 is located directly below the square magnet 613 inside the stop 616, and the fixed square magnet 613 will generate a repulsive force on the flat magnet 6156. This causes the first claw 6153 and the second claw 6154 to overcome the magnetic force of the magnet block 6152 and swing rapidly downward in the pull rod mechanism 615. During the swinging process,

[0110] The positioning block 6123 on the irregular rod 612 will pass through the square slot 6157 on the second claw 6154. Figure 15 , Figure 16After the positioning block 6123 passes through the square empty slot 6157, the pull rod mechanism 615 returns to its original position. During the return movement of the pull rod mechanism 615, the positioning block 6123 will always remain on the second jaw 6154. This prevents the thicker part 6121 of the irregular rod 612 from being in the clamping gap between the first jaw 6153 and the second jaw 6154, while the thinner part 6122 of the irregular rod 612 has a diameter smaller than the initial gap between the first jaw 6153 and the jaw 6154. Therefore, the irregular rod 612 cannot be clamped and moved. As a result, when the pressure in the cylindrical hole 102 is too high, it is impossible to drive the irregular rod 612 and the ring sleeve 611 to rotate, and thus it is impossible to drive the adjusting plate 5 to move axially to the front end and perform an elongation movement. This avoids the situation where the pressure in the pressure chamber S5 continuously increases, ensures the safety of operation, and effectively solves the pressure problem in the extreme state.

[0111] The effect achieved under the above extreme conditions is that when the length of the transmission mechanism is appropriate, although the lever mechanism 615 still reciprocates, it will not clamp the irregular rod 612 to rotate, and therefore will not drive the adjusting shaft 31 to rotate, and thus will not adjust the length of the transmission mechanism.

Claims

1. An intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig, characterized in that: The rock drilling rig includes a support cylinder (8), a transmission mechanism (0), a drill rod (9), and an impact piston (7). The transmission mechanism (0), the drill rod (9), and the impact piston (7) are all located inside the support cylinder (8). The drill rod (9) and the impact piston (7) are located at the front and rear ends of the transmission mechanism (0), respectively. The transmission mechanism (0) is used to receive the impact pressure of the impact piston (7) and then transmit it to the end face of the drill rod (9). The transmission mechanism (0) includes a housing (1), an elongation adjustment structure (6) located inside the housing (1), and transmission rods (4) and adjustment plates (5) located at the front and rear ends of the housing (1), respectively; an adjustment cavity (101) is provided in the rear part of the housing (1), and the rear end of the adjustment cavity (101) is connected to the outside atmosphere through a through hole on the rear end face of the housing (1); Multiple cylindrical holes (102) are provided in the front part of the housing (1). The multiple cylindrical holes (102) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the housing (1). The front end of the cylindrical hole (102) extends through the front end face of the housing (1), and the rear end of the cylindrical hole (102) is connected to the adjustment cavity (101). An adjustment plate (5) is installed in the adjustment cavity (101) from front to back. The adjustment plate (5) can only move axially within the adjustment cavity (101) and cannot rotate. The housing (1) has a central cavity (104) in the middle. The rear end of the central cavity (104) is connected to the adjustment cavity (101). An extension adjustment structure (6) is installed in the central cavity (104). The rear end of the extension adjustment structure (6) extends out of the central cavity (104) and into the adjustment cavity (101), and is connected to the adjustment plate (5) by a thread. The transmission rod (4) is located at the front end of the housing (1) for contacting the output pressure. A part of the transmission rod (4) extends into the cylindrical hole (102) and moves axially, thereby driving the pressure change in the cylindrical hole (102) to be transmitted to the extension adjustment structure (6). The elongation adjustment structure (6) includes an adjustment shaft (31) and an adjustment assembly (61); the adjustment assembly (61) includes a ring sleeve (611), a shaped rod (612) of magnetic material, a ring magnet (614), a pull rod mechanism (615), and a stop (616); the ring sleeve (611) is axially movable and rotatably fitted on the end section (3101), the ring magnet (614) is fixedly fitted on the end of the end section (3101) of the adjustment shaft (31), and a shaped rod (612) arranged radially upward is fixedly provided on the top circumferential surface of the ring sleeve (611); the top of the motion cavity (S3) at the end of the end section (3101) of the adjustment shaft (31) has a... A baffle (616) is fixed on one side, and the irregular rod (612) is located on the side of the baffle (616). A rod space (108) for arranging and moving the rod mechanism (615) is provided on the other side. The rod mechanism (615) is arranged inside the rod space (108). One end of the rod mechanism (615) is movably inserted into the housing (1) and connected to the cylindrical hole (102) through the connecting cavity and the connecting channel. The side end face of the baffle (616) facing the rod mechanism (615) and the rod space (108) is set as a vertical plane. A square magnet (613) for magnetically repelling the rod mechanism (615) and magnetically attracting the irregular rod (612) is provided inside the baffle (616).

2. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission rod (4) includes an impact disc (401), multiple transmission columns (402), and multiple isolation columns (403); the front end face of the impact disc (401) is used to contact the external action surface and sense the inclination of the external action surface; the front end of each transmission column (402) is in contact with the rear end face of the impact disc (401), and the rear end of each transmission column (402) is axially movable and sealed into its corresponding cylindrical hole (102). The middle part of each cylindrical hole (102) is axially movable and sealed with an isolation column (403), and the isolation column (403) has a blind hole on its front end face facing forward as the inner cavity (407) of the isolation column.

3. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the regulating plate (5) is sealed to the cavity wall of the regulating cavity (101). The regulating cavity (101) is divided into a pressure cavity (S5) at the front end of the regulating plate (5) and a free cavity (S6) at the rear end of the regulating plate (5) by the regulating plate (5). The outer peripheral surface of the isolation column (403) and the wall of the cylindrical hole (102) are sealed together, and the cylindrical hole (102) is divided into a front compression chamber (S1) and a rear transmission chamber (S2) by the isolation column (403). When the elongation adjustment structure (6) is installed in the central cavity (104), it forms a relative seal between itself and the rear cavity wall of the central cavity (104), so that the front cavity space of the central cavity (104) forms a relatively independent motion cavity (S3). The motion chamber (S3) and free chamber (S6) are both connected to the outside atmosphere; the compression chamber (S1), transmission chamber (S2), and pressure chamber (S5) are not connected to the outside atmosphere and are relatively closed chambers. The compression chamber (S1) is filled with air and is called an air chamber, while the transmission chamber (S2) and pressure chamber (S5) are filled with oil and are called oil chambers.

4. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting shaft (31) is located on the central axis of the housing (1). One end of the adjusting shaft (31) extends into the central cavity (104), and the other end of the adjusting shaft (31) passes through the central cavity (104) and extends into the adjusting cavity (101), where it is threadedly connected to the central hole of the adjusting plate (5). When the middle part of the adjusting shaft (31) passes through the central cavity (104), it is sealed to the inner wall of the rear end of the central cavity (104) and is rotatably supported by a bearing (32), so that the central cavity... (104) A relatively closed motion cavity (S3) is formed at the front. An adjustment component (61) is installed at the front end of the adjustment shaft (31) in the motion cavity (S3). The isolation column (403) is also provided with a connecting cavity and a connecting channel. The pressure of the cylindrical hole (102) is transmitted to the motion cavity (S3) through the connecting cavity and the connecting channel, thereby driving the adjustment component (61) to drive the adjustment shaft (31) to rotate, thereby driving the adjustment plate (5) and the transmission rod (4) to move towards the front end to achieve elongation.

5. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting shaft (31) has a stepped shaft structure and is divided into five sections from the front end to the rear end: end section (3101), clutch section (3102), valve shaft section (3103), long shaft section (3104), and threaded section (3105). The threaded section (3105) is provided with external threads, and the external threads of the threaded section (3105) are threaded into the center hole of the adjusting plate (5). The front part of the long shaft section (3104) is rotatably fitted into the rear end of the central cavity (104) through the bearing (32). The valve shaft section (3103) is sealed in the central cavity (104). The clutch section (3102) is provided with a clutch surface for cooperating with the elongation adjustment structure (6). The end section (3101) is used to install the elongation adjustment structure (6). The diameter of the clutch section (3102) of the adjusting shaft (31) is larger than the diameter of the end section (3101). A stepped surface is formed between the end section (3101) and the clutch section (3102) of the adjusting shaft (31). The stepped surface and the rear end surface of the ring sleeve (611) are provided with a clutch surface that engages with each other, so that the stepped surface and the rear end surface of the ring sleeve (611) form a coaxial rotational meshing connection when they are in close contact with each other.

6. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned lever mechanism (615) includes a reciprocating rod (6151), a magnet (6152), a first pawl (6153), a second pawl (6154), and a flat magnet (6156). A magnet (6152) for magnetically attracting the first pawl (6153) is fixedly mounted at one end of the reciprocating rod (6151), and the first pawl (6153) is hinged to the other end of the reciprocating rod (6151) via a horizontal pin, allowing the first pawl (6153) to swing and rotate up and down. One side of the first pawl (6153) is connected via... A second pawl (6154) is hinged to a vertical pin shaft. A pawl clamping structure is formed between the first pawl (6153) and the second pawl (6154). The second pawl (6154) can swing and rotate horizontally. A flat magnet (6156) for magnetic repulsion engagement with a square magnet (613) is embedded inside the first pawl (6153). A reset magnet (617) for resetting the pull rod mechanism (615) is embedded next to the housing (1) into which the reciprocating rod (6151) of the pull rod mechanism (615) extends. The second claw (6154) is hinged to the first claw (6153) at its root, and one end of the support lug (6158) is fixedly connected to the second claw (6154) near its root. The other end of the support lug (6158) is connected to the middle of the first claw (6153) via a spring (6155), so that under the action of the spring (6155), the other end of the support lug (6158) abuts against the side of the first claw (6153), so that under normal conditions, the second claw (6154) moves closer to the first claw (6153) to maintain a clamping posture; under normal conditions, there is a clamping gap between the second claw (6154) and the first claw (6153) with a width smaller than the outer diameter of the shaped rod (612) for clamping the shaped rod (612); The corner of the end of the first claw (6153) near the second claw (6154) is formed by beveling to form a wedge surface (6159). The wedge surface (6159) is used to engage with and contact the shaped rod (612) and drive the shaped rod (612) to move backward.

7. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 6, characterized in that: The root of the first claw (6153) is hinged to the reciprocating rod (6151). The root of the first claw (6153) is provided with a local magnetic material near the magnet block (6152). The magnetic material and the magnet block (6152) attract each other to provide the overall swing rotation and reset force of the first claw (6153) and the second claw (6154).

8. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pull rod space (108) has an elongation movement channel on the wall of the motion cavity (S3) on the side away from the stop (616). The reciprocating rod (6151) of the pull rod mechanism (615) is axially and movably inserted into one end of the elongation movement channel. The other end of the elongation movement channel is connected to the cylindrical hole (102) through the connecting cavity and connecting channel on the isolation column (403). The connecting cavity and connecting channel on the isolation column (403) specifically include an elongated connecting cavity (110), an air hole (406) and an elongated connecting channel (111). The cylindrical hole (102) at the isolation column (403) is also provided with an annular elongated connecting cavity (110). The isolation column (403) has an air hole (406) on the side wall of the inner cavity (407) of the isolation column, so that the inner cavity (407) of the isolation column is connected to the elongated connecting cavity (110) through the air hole (406). The elongated connecting cavity (110) is connected to one end of the elongated connecting channel (111) opened inside the shell (1) and the elongated movement channel. The other end of the elongated movement channel is connected to the pull rod space (108).

9. The intelligent operation and maintenance device for automatically compensating the working stroke of a rock drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irregular rod (612) is mainly composed of a thick rod (6121), a thin rod (6122), and a positioning block (6123). The thick rod (6121) and the thin rod (6122) are arranged coaxially at the top and bottom respectively. The thick rod (6121) is used to cooperate with the pull rod mechanism (615) and be driven to move. The lower end of the thin rod (6122) is fixed on the ring sleeve (611). A radially arranged positioning block (6123) is fixed between the bottom end of the thick rod (6121) and the thin rod (6122). The positioning block (6123) is used to cooperate with the pull rod mechanism (615). In the lever mechanism (615), the second claw (6154) has a through groove near the root as a square empty slot (6157), which is used to cooperate with the positioning block (6123) of the irregular rod (612).

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