A full-grain heavy medium ore dressing system and ore dressing method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of heavy medium ore dressing, in particular to a full grain size heavy medium ore dressing system and method, characterized in that the system comprises a classification unit, a heavy medium coarse grain size separation unit, a fine grain size desliming unit, a heavy medium fine grain size separation unit and a fine grain size desliming / dewatering unit; the classification unit is used for classifying materials into coarse grain size and fine grain size; the coarse grain size outlet of the classification unit is connected with the heavy medium coarse grain size separation unit; the fine grain size outlet of the classification unit is sequentially connected with the fine grain size desliming unit, the heavy medium fine grain size separation unit and the fine grain size desliming / dewatering unit; the present application breaks the disadvantage of the lower limit of heavy medium separation particle size, has the advantages of high comprehensive yield, good separation effect, small equipment investment, low production cost, energy saving and environmental protection and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heavy media mineral processing technology, specifically a full-size heavy media mineral processing system and method. Background Technology

[0002] As we all know, with the continuous exploitation of mineral resources, we are facing increasingly serious problems of resource depletion. At the same time, people's awareness of environmental protection is increasing, and the country is increasing its efforts in the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources year by year. The management and approval of tailings ponds in mineral processing plants are becoming increasingly stringent. Pre-selection processes are particularly important in the green and sustainable development of the mining industry. Among them, heavy media separation technology has advantages such as high separation accuracy, large ore processing capacity, high efficiency in discarding waste rock during pre-selection, and no wastewater generated during the separation process. Its application in the beneficiation of non-ferrous metal and non-metallic minerals is gradually increasing.

[0003] However, traditional heavy media beneficiation technology has always been constrained by problems such as a high lower limit of separation particle size, low separation accuracy of fine particles, and difficulty in dewatering and removing media from fine particles. Fine particles can only be screened out in advance and not allowed to enter the heavy media beneficiation system for separation. As a result, the whole-size process of heavy media beneficiation has not been perfected and the overall yield of heavy media beneficiation is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a full-scale heavy media beneficiation system and method that is simple, achieves effective fine-particle separation, has good separation effect, and has a high overall yield of heavy media beneficiation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A full-size heavy media mineral processing system is characterized by comprising a classification unit, a heavy media coarse-grained separation unit, a fine-grained desliming unit, a heavy media fine-grained separation unit, and a fine-grained desliming / dewatering unit. The classification unit separates the material into coarse and fine-grained grades. The coarse-grained outlet of the classification unit is connected to the heavy media coarse-grained separation unit, and the fine-grained outlet of the classification unit is sequentially connected to the fine-grained desliming unit, the heavy media fine-grained separation unit, and the fine-grained desliming / dewatering unit. The classification unit separates the selected material into two grades: coarse and fine-grained products. The coarse-grained material enters the heavy media coarse-grained separation unit for separation to obtain coarse-grained concentrate and coarse-grained tailings. The fine-grained material sequentially enters the fine-grained desliming unit, the heavy media fine-grained separation unit, and the fine-grained desliming / dewatering unit to obtain the final fine-grained concentrate and fine-grained tailings.

[0006] The grading unit of the present invention includes a feeding trough, a grading screen, a discharge trough, and an under-screen chute. The outlet of the feeding trough is connected to the inlet of the grading screen, the over-screen outlet of the grading screen is connected to the inlet of the discharge trough, the discharge trough is connected to the heavy medium coarse particle separation unit via the under-screen chute, the fine particle material outlet of the under-screen outlet of the grading screen is connected to the under-screen chute, and the under-screen chute is connected to the fine particle desliming unit via a pipeline.

[0007] The heavy media coarse-grained separation unit of this invention includes a first heavy media mixing tank, a coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone, a concentrate fixed screen, a concentrate desliming screen, a tailings fixed screen, a tailings desliming screen, and a magnetic separator. The inlet of the first heavy media mixing tank is connected to the discharge chute in the classification unit. The outlet of the first heavy media mixing tank is connected to the inlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone via a first slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone are respectively connected to the tailings fixed screen and the concentrate fixed screen via pipelines. The undersize products of the concentrate fixed screen and the tailings fixed screen are respectively... The tailings fixed screen and the concentrate fixed screen are connected to the first medium mixing tank via pipelines. The oversize product outlets of the tailings fixed screen and the concentrate fixed screen are connected to the tailings desliming screen and the concentrate desliming screen, respectively. The undersize product outlets of the tailings desliming screen and the concentrate desliming screen are connected to the magnetic separator. The magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator is connected to the first medium mixing tank via pipelines. The non-magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator is transported to the return water tank via pipelines. The oversize product outlet of the concentrate desliming screen is sold directly as coarse-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation. The oversize material of the tailings desliming screen is coarse-grained tailings for sale or storage.

[0008] The fine-particle desliming unit of the present invention includes a fine-particle feed trough, a first thickening hydrocyclone, and a first dewatering screen. The underflow outlet of the grading screen is connected to the fine-particle feed trough via a pipe. The outlet of the fine-particle feed trough is connected to the inlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone via a second slurry pump. The overflow of the first thickening hydrocyclone is connected to a thickener via a pipe. The underflow outlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone is connected to the overflow distributor of the first dewatering screen. The overflow product outlet of the first dewatering screen is connected to the heavy medium fine-particle separation unit. The underflow outlet of the first dewatering screen is connected to the fine-particle feed trough.

[0009] The heavy medium fine particle separation unit of the present invention includes a second heavy medium mixing tank and a fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone. The outlet of the first dewatering screen is connected to the second heavy medium mixing tank via a pipeline. The outlet of the second heavy medium mixing tank is connected to the inlet of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone via a third slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone are respectively connected to the fine particle dewatering / de-medium removal unit via pipelines.

[0010] The fine-particle heavy medium dewatering unit of this invention includes a concentrate collection tank, a tailings collection tank, a concentrate cleaning magnetic separator, a tailings cleaning magnetic separator, a concentrate scavenging magnetic separator, a tailings scavenging magnetic separator, a second thickening hydrocyclone, a third thickening hydrocyclone, a second dewatering screen, and a third dewatering screen. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine-particle heavy medium hydrocyclone are respectively connected to the tailings collection tank and the concentrate collection tank via pipelines. The tailings collection tank and the concentrate collection tank are respectively connected to the tailings cleaning magnetic separator and the concentrate cleaning magnetic separator via pipelines via a fourth slurry pump and a fifth slurry pump. The non-magnetic product outlets of the tailings cleaning magnetic separator and the concentrate cleaning magnetic separator are respectively connected to the tailings scavenging magnetic separator and the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator. The tailings cleaning magnetic separator, the concentrate cleaning magnetic separator, the tailings scavenging magnetic separator, and the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator are all connected to the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator. The magnetic material outlet of the magnetic separator is returned to the second heavy medium mixing tank; the non-magnetic outlet of the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator is connected to the second thickening hydrocyclone, the underflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone is connected to the second dewatering screen, and the overflow product of the second dewatering screen is sold directly as fine-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation; the overflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone and the underflow outlet of the second dewatering screen are connected to the concentrate collection tank via pipelines; the non-magnetic outlet of the tailings scavenging magnetic separator is connected to the third thickening hydrocyclone, the underflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone is connected to the inlet of the third dewatering screen, and the overflow product of the third dewatering screen is sold directly as fine-grained tailings or stockpiled; the overflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone and the underflow outlet of the third dewatering screen are returned to the tailings collection tank via pipelines.

[0011] A mineral processing method for a full-scale heavy media mineral processing system, characterized by the following mineral processing steps: (1) Making a full-size heavy media mineral processing system: The system includes a classification unit, a heavy media coarse particle separation unit, a fine particle desliming unit, a heavy media fine particle separation unit, and a fine particle desliming / dewatering unit. The classification unit is a unit that separates the material into coarse and fine particles. The coarse particle outlet of the classification unit is connected to the heavy media coarse particle separation unit. The fine particle outlet of the classification unit is connected to the fine particle desliming unit, the heavy media fine particle separation unit, and the fine particle desliming / dewatering unit in sequence. The classification unit separates the selected material into two particle size products: coarse and fine particles. After the coarse particles enter the heavy media coarse particle separation unit for separation, coarse particles concentrate and coarse particles tailings are obtained. After the fine particles enter the fine particle desliming unit, the heavy media fine particle separation unit, and the fine particle desliming and dewatering unit in sequence, the final fine particles concentrate and fine particles tailings are obtained. The grading unit includes a feeding trough, a grading screen, a discharge trough, and an under-screen chute. The outlet of the feeding trough is connected to the inlet of the grading screen, the over-screen outlet of the grading screen is connected to the inlet of the discharge trough, the discharge trough is connected to the heavy medium coarse particle separation unit via the under-screen chute, the fine particle material outlet of the under-screen outlet of the grading screen is connected to the under-screen chute, and the under-screen chute is connected to the fine particle desliming unit via a pipeline. The heavy media coarse-grained separation unit includes a first heavy media mixing tank, a coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone, a concentrate fixed screen, a concentrate desliming screen, a tailings fixed screen, a tailings desliming screen, and a magnetic separator. The inlet of the first heavy media mixing tank is connected to the discharge chute in the classification unit. The outlet of the first heavy media mixing tank is connected to the inlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone via a first slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone are respectively connected to the tailings fixed screen and the concentrate fixed screen via pipelines. The undersize products from the concentrate fixed screen and the tailings fixed screen are respectively discharged through pipelines. The channel is connected to the first medium mixing tank. The oversize product outlets of the tailings fixed screen and the concentrate fixed screen are connected to the tailings desliming screen and the concentrate desliming screen, respectively. The undersize product outlets of the tailings desliming screen and the concentrate desliming screen are connected to the magnetic separator. The magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator is connected to the first medium mixing tank via a pipeline. The non-magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator is transported to the return water pool via a pipeline. The oversize product outlet of the concentrate desliming screen is sold directly as coarse-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation. The oversize material of the tailings desliming screen is coarse-grained tailings for sale or storage. The fine-particle desliming unit includes a fine-particle feed trough, a first thickening hydrocyclone, and a first dewatering screen. The underflow outlet of the grading screen is connected to the fine-particle feed trough via a pipe. The outlet of the fine-particle feed trough is connected to the inlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone via a second slurry pump. The overflow of the first thickening hydrocyclone is connected to a thickener via a pipe. The underflow outlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone is connected to the overflow distributor of the first dewatering screen. The overflow product outlet of the first dewatering screen is connected to the heavy medium fine-particle separation unit. The underflow outlet of the first dewatering screen is connected to the fine-particle feed trough. The heavy medium fine particle separation unit includes a second heavy medium mixing tank and a fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone. The screen outlet of the first dewatering screen is connected to the second heavy medium mixing tank via a pipeline. The discharge port of the second heavy medium mixing tank is connected to the inlet end of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone via a third slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone are respectively connected to the fine particle dewatering / dewatering unit via pipelines. The fine-particle heavy medium dewatering unit includes a concentrate collection tank, a tailings collection tank, a concentrate cleaning magnetic separator, a tailings cleaning magnetic separator, a concentrate scavenging magnetic separator, a tailings scavenging magnetic separator, a second thickening hydrocyclone, a third thickening hydrocyclone, a second dewatering screen, and a third dewatering screen. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine-particle heavy medium hydrocyclone are connected to the tailings collection tank and the concentrate collection tank via pipelines, respectively. The tailings collection tank and the concentrate collection tank are connected to the tailings cleaning magnetic separator and the concentrate cleaning magnetic separator via pipelines, respectively, via a fourth slurry pump and a fifth slurry pump. The non-magnetic product outlets of the tailings cleaning magnetic separator and the concentrate cleaning magnetic separator are connected to the tailings scavenging magnetic separator and the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator, respectively. The tailings cleaning magnetic separator, the concentrate cleaning magnetic separator, the tailings scavenging magnetic separator, and the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator are all connected to the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator. The magnetic material outlet of the separator returns to the second heavy medium mixing tank; the non-magnetic outlet of the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator is connected to the second thickening hydrocyclone, the underflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone is connected to the second dewatering screen, and the overflow product of the second dewatering screen is sold directly as fine-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation; the overflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone and the underflow outlet of the second dewatering screen are connected to the concentrate collection tank via pipelines; the non-magnetic outlet of the tailings scavenging magnetic separator is connected to the third thickening hydrocyclone, the underflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone is connected to the inlet of the third dewatering screen, and the overflow product of the third dewatering screen is sold directly as fine-grained tailings or stockpiled; the overflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone and the underflow outlet of the third dewatering screen are returned to the tailings collection tank via pipelines. (2) Select parameters and run the system according to step (1). The heavy medium in the first heavy medium mixing tank is ferrosilicon powder. The ferrosilicon powder has a magnetic content ≥90%, a fineness of -325 mesh ≥90% and a fineness of -400 mesh ≥85% and a density of 1.70-3.20 g / cm³. The overflow fineness of the hydrocyclone is -200 mesh ≥95%. The heavy medium in the second heavy medium mixing tank is ferrosilicon powder. The ferrosilicon powder has a magnetic content ≥95% and a fineness of -325 mesh. The content is 80%-85%, and the -400 mesh content is 60%-65%. The density of the concentrate collection tank and tailings collection tank is controlled at 1.10-1.35 g / cm3. The screen size of the first dewatering screen is 0.15-0.30 mm, the screen size of the second dewatering screen is 0.15-0.3 mm, and the screen size of the third dewatering screen is 0.15-0.3 mm. The pressure of the first slurry pump is 0.1 MPa-0.25 MPa, and the pressure of the third slurry pump is 0.1 MPa-0.25 MPa. The heavy medium suspension and ore are pumped through the slurry pump at a pressure of 0.1 MPa - 0. A heavy medium hydrocyclone is fed at 0.25 MPa, where it is separated under centrifugal force. The underflow product from the heavy medium hydrocyclone is further processed into heavy medium concentrate, while the overflow product is further processed into waste rock. The pressure of the second slurry pump is 0.08 MPa-0.15 MPa, the pressure of the fourth slurry pump is 0.02-0.04 MPa, and the pressure of the fifth slurry pump is 0.02-0.04 MPa. After the above parameters are selected, the system operates for separation. The first and third slurry pumps deliver... The first slurry pump delivers a mixture of heavy media and ore, with a relatively high overall density, requiring sufficient power to ensure effective separation of the target minerals. The second slurry pump delivers fine-grained materials with a relatively low overall density, which can achieve fine-grained concentration within this pressure range. The fourth and fifth slurry pumps deliver dilute media, and their conveying pressure must meet the conveying capacity while ensuring that the flow rate of the dilute media delivered by the fourth and fifth slurry pumps to the magnetic separator is within the effective operating range of the magnetic separator, thereby achieving the best operating effect of the magnetic separator.

[0012] In step (1) of the present invention, the sieve aperture size of the grading sieve is 0.35-1mm, and the cone angle of the fine-particle heavy medium cyclone is 40°-150°.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) The heavy medium fine particle separation system can effectively separate fine-particle target minerals and gangue minerals, realize the effective separation of fine-particle materials, increase the comprehensive yield of the heavy medium system, break the disadvantage of the lower limit of the particle size of heavy medium separation, and has the advantages of high comprehensive yield, good separation effect, small equipment investment, low production cost, energy saving and environmental protection. (2) The fine-particle desliming system can deslim fine-particle-200 mesh materials, thereby reducing the mud content of the heavy medium suspension in the heavy medium fine-particle separation system and thus improving the accuracy of heavy medium fine-particle material separation.

[0014] (3) The heavy medium in the second heavy medium mixing tank is ferrosilicon powder with a magnetic content of ≥95%, a fineness of -325 mesh content of 80%-85%, and a fineness of -400 mesh content of 60%-65%. The purpose is to optimize the coarse particle size distribution of the heavy medium, reduce the viscosity of the heavy medium suspension, and thus improve the sorting accuracy of the fine particles of the heavy medium.

[0015] (4) The cone angle of the fine-particle heavy medium hydrocyclone is a large cone angle structure of 40°-150°. Its purpose is to reduce the required sorting density of fine-particle materials and reduce the shuttle resistance of fine-particle materials in the sorting process, thereby improving the sorting accuracy of heavy medium fine-particle materials.

[0016] (5) The overflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone and the screen of the second dewatering screen are returned to the concentrate collection tank through the pipeline, and the overflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone and the screen of the third dewatering screen are returned to the tailings collection tank through the pipeline. The purpose is to reduce the density of the medium in the concentrate collection tank and the tailings collection tank to 1.10-1.35 g / cm3, thereby meeting the working conditions of the magnetic separator and ensuring the demediation efficiency of the magnetic separator.

[0017] (6) The overflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone and the screen of the second dewatering screen are returned to the concentrate collection tank through the pipeline, and the overflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone and the screen of the third dewatering screen are returned to the tailings collection tank through the pipeline, which can improve the dry discharge rate of fine-grained concentrate and tailings after separation.

[0018] (7) The materials transported by the first slurry pump and the third slurry pump are a mixture of heavy medium and ore, with a relatively large overall density. Sufficient power can ensure the effective separation of the target mineral. (8) The material transported by the second slurry pump is fine-grained material with a relatively small overall specific gravity. Fine-grained concentration can be achieved within this pressure range. (9) The fourth and fifth slurry pumps transport dilute medium. While meeting the transport capacity, their transport pressure ensures that the flow rate of the dilute medium transported by the fourth and fifth slurry pumps to the magnetic separator is within the effective working range of the magnetic separator, thereby enabling the magnetic separator to achieve the best operating effect. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: As shown in the attached figure, a full-size heavy media mineral processing system is characterized by comprising a classification unit, a heavy media coarse-grained separation unit, a fine-grained desliming unit, a heavy media fine-grained separation unit, and a fine-grained desliming / dewatering unit. The classification unit separates the material into coarse and fine-grained grades. The coarse-grained outlet of the classification unit is connected to the heavy media coarse-grained separation unit, and the fine-grained outlet of the classification unit is sequentially connected to the fine-grained desliming unit, the heavy media fine-grained separation unit, and the fine-grained desliming / dewatering unit. The classification unit separates the selected material into two grades: coarse and fine-grained products. The coarse-grained material enters the heavy media coarse-grained separation unit for separation to obtain coarse-grained concentrate and coarse-grained tailings. The fine-grained material sequentially enters the fine-grained desliming unit, the heavy media fine-grained separation unit, and the fine-grained desliming / dewatering unit to obtain the final fine-grained concentrate and fine-grained tailings.

[0021] Furthermore, the grading unit includes a feeding trough, a grading screen 1, a discharge trough, and an under-screen chute. The outlet of the feeding trough is connected to the inlet of the grading screen 1, the over-screen outlet of the grading screen 1 is connected to the inlet of the discharge trough, the discharge trough is connected to the heavy medium coarse particle separation unit via the under-screen chute, the fine particle material outlet of the under-screen outlet of the grading screen 1 is connected to the under-screen chute, and the under-screen chute is connected to the fine particle desliming unit via a pipeline.

[0022] Furthermore, the heavy media coarse-grained separation unit includes a first heavy media mixing tank 2, a coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 3, a concentrate fixed screen 4, a concentrate desliming screen 5, a tailings fixed screen 6, a tailings desliming screen 7, and a magnetic separator 8. The inlet of the first heavy media mixing tank 2 is connected to the discharge chute in the classification unit, and the outlet of the first heavy media mixing tank 2 is connected to the inlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 3 via a first slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 3 are respectively connected to the tailings fixed screen 6 and the concentrate fixed screen 4 via pipelines. The undersize products of the concentrate fixed screen 4 and the tailings fixed screen 6 are separated into... The tailings fixed screen 6 and the concentrate fixed screen 4 are connected to the first medium mixing tank 2 via pipelines. The oversize product outlets of the tailings fixed screen 6 and the concentrate fixed screen 4 are connected to the tailings desliming screen 7 and the concentrate desliming screen 5, respectively. The undersize product outlets of the tailings desliming screen 77 and the concentrate desliming screen 5 are connected to the magnetic separator 8. The magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator 8 is connected to the first medium mixing tank 2 via a pipeline. The non-magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator 8 is transported to the return water pool via a pipeline. The oversize product outlet of the concentrate desliming screen 5 is sold directly as coarse-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation. The oversize material of the tailings desliming screen 7 is sold or stored as coarse-grained tailings.

[0023] Furthermore, the fine-particle desliming unit includes a fine-particle feed trough 9, a first thickening hydrocyclone 10, and a first dewatering screen 11. The underflow outlet of the grading screen 1 is connected to the fine-particle feed trough 9 via a pipe. The outlet of the fine-particle feed trough 9 is connected to the inlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 via a second slurry pump. The overflow of the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 is connected to a thickener via a pipe. The underflow outlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 is connected to the overflow distributor of the first dewatering screen 11. The overflow product outlet of the first dewatering screen 11 is connected to the heavy medium fine-particle separation unit. The underflow outlet of the first dewatering screen 11 is connected to the fine-particle feed trough 9.

[0024] Furthermore, the heavy medium fine particle separation unit includes a second heavy medium mixing tank 12 and a fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13. The over-screen outlet of the first dewatering screen 11 is connected to the second heavy medium mixing tank 12 via a pipeline. The discharge port of the second heavy medium mixing tank 12 is connected to the inlet end of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13 via a third slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13 are respectively connected to the fine particle dewatering / de-medium removal unit via pipelines.

[0025] Furthermore, the fine-particle desliming / dewatering unit includes a concentrate collection tank 14, a tailings collection tank 15, a concentrate cleaning magnetic separator 15, a tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20, a concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16, a tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21, a second thickening hydrocyclone 17, a third thickening hydrocyclone 22, a second dewatering screen 18, and a third dewatering screen 23. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine-particle heavy media hydrocyclone 13 are respectively connected to the tailings collection tank 15 and the concentrate collection tank 16 via pipelines. The tailings collection tank 14 is connected to the concentrate collection tank 15. The tailings collection tank 15 and the concentrate collection tank 14 are respectively connected to the tailings fine magnetic separator 20 and the concentrate fine magnetic separator 15 via pipelines through the fourth slurry pump and the fifth slurry pump. The non-magnetic product outlets of the tailings fine magnetic separator 20 and the concentrate fine magnetic separator 15 are respectively connected to the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21 and the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16. The tailings fine magnetic separator 20, the concentrate fine magnetic separator 15, and the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 16 are connected to each other. The magnetic outlet of the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 8 is returned to the second heavy medium mixing tank 12; the non-magnetic outlet of the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16 is connected to the second thickening hydrocyclone 17, and the underflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 is connected to the second dewatering screen 18. The overflow product of the second dewatering screen 18 is sold directly as fine-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation. The overflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow outlet of the second dewatering screen 18 are connected to the concentrate collection tank 14 via pipelines; the non-magnetic outlet of the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21 is connected to the third thickening hydrocyclone 22, and the underflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 is connected to the inlet of the third dewatering screen 23. The overflow product of the third dewatering screen 23 is sold directly as fine-grained tailings or stockpiled. The overflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 and the underflow outlet of the third dewatering screen 23 are returned to the tailings collection tank 15 via pipelines. The mineral processing steps are as follows: (1) Making a full-size heavy media mineral processing system: The system includes a classification unit, a heavy media coarse particle separation unit, a fine particle desliming unit, a heavy media fine particle separation unit, and a fine particle desliming / dewatering unit. The classification unit is a unit that separates the material into coarse and fine particles. The coarse particle outlet of the classification unit is connected to the heavy media coarse particle separation unit. The fine particle outlet of the classification unit is connected to the fine particle desliming unit, the heavy media fine particle separation unit, and the fine particle desliming / dewatering unit in sequence. The classification unit separates the selected material into two particle size products: coarse and fine particles. After the coarse particles enter the heavy media coarse particle separation unit for separation, coarse particles concentrate and coarse particles tailings are obtained. After the fine particles enter the fine particle desliming unit, the heavy media fine particle separation unit, and the fine particle desliming and dewatering unit in sequence, the final fine particles concentrate and fine particles tailings are obtained. The grading unit includes a feeding trough, a grading screen 1, a discharge trough, and an under-screen chute. The outlet of the feeding trough is connected to the inlet of the grading screen 1, the over-screen outlet of the grading screen 1 is connected to the inlet of the discharge trough, the discharge trough is connected to the heavy medium coarse particle separation unit via the under-screen chute, the fine particle material outlet of the under-screen outlet of the grading screen 1 is connected to the under-screen chute, and the under-screen chute is connected to the fine particle desliming unit via a pipeline. The heavy media coarse-grained separation unit includes a first heavy media mixing tank 2, a coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 3, a concentrate fixed screen 4, a concentrate desliming screen 5, a tailings fixed screen 6, a tailings desliming screen 7, and a magnetic separator 8. The inlet of the first heavy media mixing tank 2 is connected to the discharge chute in the classification unit. The outlet of the first heavy media mixing tank 2 is connected to the inlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 3 via a first slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 3 are respectively connected to the tailings fixed screen 6 and the concentrate fixed screen 4 via pipelines. The undersize products from the concentrate fixed screen 4 and the tailings fixed screen 6 are respectively processed through... The pipeline is connected to the first heavy medium mixing tank 2. The oversize product outlets of the tailings fixed screen 6 and the concentrate fixed screen 4 are respectively connected to the tailings desliming screen 7 and the concentrate desliming screen 5. The undersize product outlets of the tailings desliming screen 77 and the concentrate desliming screen 5 are connected to the magnetic separator 8. The magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator 8 is connected to the first heavy medium mixing tank 2 via a pipeline. The non-magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator 8 is transported to the return water pool via a pipeline. The oversize product outlet of the concentrate desliming screen 5 is sold directly as coarse-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation. The oversize material of the tailings desliming screen 7 is sold or stored as coarse-grained tailings. The fine-particle desliming unit includes a fine-particle feed trough 9, a first thickening hydrocyclone 10, and a first dewatering screen 11. The underflow outlet of the grading screen 1 is connected to the fine-particle feed trough 9 via a pipe. The outlet of the fine-particle feed trough 9 is connected to the inlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 via a second slurry pump. The overflow of the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 is connected to a thickener via a pipe. The underflow outlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 is connected to the overflow distributor of the first dewatering screen 11. The overflow product outlet of the first dewatering screen 11 is connected to the heavy medium fine-particle separation unit. The underflow outlet of the first dewatering screen 11 is connected to the fine-particle feed trough 9. The heavy medium fine particle separation unit includes a second heavy medium mixing tank 12 and a fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13. The screen outlet of the first dewatering screen 11 is connected to the second heavy medium mixing tank 12 via a pipeline. The discharge port of the second heavy medium mixing tank 12 is connected to the inlet end of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13 via a third slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13 are respectively connected to the fine particle dewatering / de-medium separation unit via pipelines. The fine-particle dewatering / demediuming unit includes a concentrate collection tank 14, a tailings collection tank 15, a concentrate cleaning magnetic separator 15, a tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20, a concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16, a tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21, a second thickening hydrocyclone 17, a third thickening hydrocyclone 22, a second dewatering screen 18, and a third dewatering screen 23. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine-particle heavy media hydrocyclone 13 are respectively connected to the tailings collection tank 15 and the concentrate collection tank 15 via pipelines. The tailings collection tank 15 and the concentrate collection tank 14 are connected to each other via pipelines through the fourth slurry pump and the fifth slurry pump, respectively. The non-magnetic product outlets of the tailings collection magnetic separator 20 and the concentrate collection magnetic separator 15 are respectively connected to the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21 and the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16. The tailings collection magnetic separator 20, the concentrate collection magnetic separator 15, and the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 16 are connected to each other. 1. The magnetic outlet of the concentrate sweeping magnetic separator 8 is returned to the second heavy medium mixing tank 12; the non-magnetic outlet of the concentrate sweeping magnetic separator 16 is connected to the second thickening hydrocyclone 17, the underflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 is connected to the second dewatering screen 18, and the overflow product of the second dewatering screen 18 is sold directly as fine-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation; the overflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow outlet of the second dewatering screen 18 are connected to the concentrate collection tank 14 via pipelines; the non-magnetic outlet of the tailings sweeping magnetic separator 21 is connected to the third thickening hydrocyclone 22, the underflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 is connected to the inlet of the third dewatering screen 23, and the overflow product of the third dewatering screen 23 is sold directly as fine-grained tailings or stockpiled; the overflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 and the underflow of the third dewatering screen 23 are returned to the tailings collection tank 15 via pipelines. (2) According to step (1), the system selects parameters and runs. The heavy medium in the first heavy medium mixing tank 2 is ferrosilicon powder, the magnetic content of the ferrosilicon powder is ≥90%, the proportion of -325 mesh is 90%-97%, and the content of -400 mesh is 85%-90%. The density of the heavy medium suspension in the first heavy medium mixing tank 2 is 1.70-3.20 g / cm³. The overflow fineness of the hydrocyclone is -200 mesh ≥95%. The heavy medium in the second heavy medium mixing tank 12 is ferrosilicon powder, the magnetic content of the ferrosilicon powder is ≥95%, and the content of -325 mesh is 85%-90%. The concentrate content is 80%-85%, and the -400 mesh content is 60%-65%. The density of the concentrate collection tank 14 and tailings collection tank 15 is controlled at 1.10-1.35 g / cm3. The screen size of the first dewatering screen 11 is 0.15-0.30 mm, the screen size of the second dewatering screen 18 is 0.15-0.3 mm, and the screen size of the third dewatering screen 23 is 0.15-0.3 mm. The pressure of the first slurry pump is 0.1 MPa-0.25 MPa, and the pressure of the third slurry pump is 0.1 MPa-0.25 MPa. The heavy medium suspension and ore are pumped through the slurry pump at a pressure of 0.1 MPa - 0. A heavy medium hydrocyclone is fed at 0.25 MPa, where it is separated under centrifugal force. The underflow product from the heavy medium hydrocyclone is further processed into heavy medium concentrate, while the overflow product is further processed into waste rock. The pressure of the second slurry pump is 0.08 MPa-0.15 MPa, the pressure of the fourth slurry pump is 0.02-0.04 MPa, and the pressure of the fifth slurry pump is 0.02-0.04 MPa. After the above parameters are selected, the system operates for separation. The first and third slurry pumps deliver... The first slurry pump delivers a mixture of heavy media and ore, with a relatively high overall density, requiring sufficient power to ensure effective separation of the target minerals. The second slurry pump delivers fine-grained materials with a relatively low overall density, which can achieve fine-grained concentration within this pressure range. The fourth and fifth slurry pumps deliver dilute media, and their conveying pressure must meet the conveying capacity while ensuring that the flow rate of the dilute media delivered by the fourth and fifth slurry pumps to the magnetic separator is within the effective operating range of the magnetic separator, thereby achieving the best operating effect of the magnetic separator.

[0026] Furthermore, in step (1), the size of the sieve hole of the grading sieve 1 is 0.35-1mm, and the cone angle of the fine-particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13 is 40°-150°.

[0027] In the above scheme, controlling the mud content of -200 mesh in the fine-grained material aims to reduce the mud content of the heavy medium suspension in the heavy medium fine-grained separation system, thereby improving the separation accuracy of the heavy medium fine-grained material.

[0028] The purpose of controlling the coarse particle size distribution of the heavy medium in the second heavy medium mixing tank 12 is to reduce the viscosity of the heavy medium suspension, thereby improving the sorting accuracy of the fine particles of the heavy medium.

[0029] The purpose of optimizing the cone angle of the fine-particle heavy medium cyclone separator 13 is to reduce the required sorting density of fine-particle materials, weaken the shuttle resistance of fine-particle materials during the sorting process, and thus improve the sorting accuracy of fine-particle materials in heavy media.

[0030] The overflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the overflow from the second dewatering screen 18 are returned to the concentrate collection tank 14 via pipelines, and the overflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 and the overflow from the third dewatering screen 23 are returned to the tailings collection tank 15 via pipelines. The purpose is to reduce the density of the medium in the concentrate collection tank and the tailings collection tank 15 to 1.10-1.35 g / cm3, thereby meeting the operating requirements of the magnetic separator 8 and ensuring the desliming efficiency of the magnetic separator 8.

[0031] Controlling the overflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the overflow from the second dewatering screen 18 to return to the concentrate collection tank 14 via pipeline, and controlling the overflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 and the overflow from the third dewatering screen 23 to return to the tailings collection tank 15 via pipeline, can improve the dry discharge rate of the fine-grained concentrate and tailings after separation.

[0032] Example 1: A spodumene mine in Australia has a raw ore Li₂O grade of 1.50% and a particle size of -8mm. The specific steps are as follows: A full-size heavy media separation system is used to separate the spodumene. The specific steps are as follows: First, the raw ore is fed from the feed silo into the classifying screen 1 via the feed belt. Products below -8mm are screened. After screening, 0.5-8mm particle size (85% yield) and -0.5mm particle size (15% yield) are obtained. The 0.5-8mm particle size product is used as the feed for the heavy media coarse particle separation system, and the -0.5mm particle size product is fed into the fine particle desliming unit.

[0033] In the first heavy medium mixing tank 2, ferrosilicon powder (magnetic content ≥90%, fineness of -325 mesh 90%-97%, and -400 mesh 85%-90%) is mixed with water to form a heavy medium suspension with a density of 2.40 g / m3. After being mixed evenly with the 0.5-8mm particle size raw ore on the grading screen 1, it is transported to the coarse-grained heavy medium hydrocyclone 3 by the first slurry pump at a pressure of 0.15 MPa for separation to obtain the sediment product and the overflow product. The sorted sand products pass sequentially through a fixed concentrate screen 4 and a concentrate desliming screen 5. After being washed with water to remove the heavy media, the oversize product of the concentrate desliming screen 5 becomes gravity concentrate with a grade of 5.50%. The recovery rate of this operation reaches 20%. The overflow products after sorting pass sequentially through a fixed tailings screen 6 and a tailings desliming screen 7. After being washed with water to remove the heavy media, the oversize product of the tailings desliming screen 7 becomes gravity tailings with a grade of 0.55%.

[0034] -0.5mm fine-grained material is fed into the fine-grained feed trough 9 and pumped at 0.1 MPa by the second slurry pump to the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 for classification and concentration. The underflow from the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 is dewatered by the first dewatering screen 11 to obtain fine-grained spodumene material (yield of 10%), which is then fed into the heavy medium fine-grained separation unit. The overflow fineness of the first thickening hydrocyclone is -200 mesh (98%), which is then fed into the thickener.

[0035] In the second heavy medium mixing tank 12, ferrosilicon powder (magnetic content ≥95%, fineness -325 mesh content 80%-85%, -400 mesh content 60%-65%) is mixed with water to form a heavy medium suspension with a density of 2.00 g / m3. After being mixed evenly with the fine-particle material on the first dewatering screen 11, it is transported to the fine-particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13 at a pressure of 0.15 MPa by the third slurry pump for separation, to obtain the sediment product and the overflow product.

[0036] The sediment product after separation by the fine-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 13 is fed into the concentrate collection tank with a density of 2.35 g / cm3. Through an automatic water replenishment system, a slurry suspension of 1.35 g / cm3 is prepared and transported to the concentrate refining magnetic separator 15 at a pressure of 0.03 MPa by the third slurry pump. The non-magnetic material outlet of the concentrate refining magnetic separator 15 is connected to the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16. The non-magnetic material outlet of the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16 is connected to the second thickening hydrocyclone 17. The underflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 is fed into the second dewatering screen 18. The fine-grained concentrate on the second dewatering screen 18 has a grade of 5.25% and a yield of 2.5%, which can be sold directly or fed into the mill for flotation. The overflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow of the second dewatering screen 18 are returned to the water replenishment system of the concentrate collection tank 14 through pipelines.

[0037] The overflow product after separation by the fine-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 13 is fed into the tailings collection tank 19. The density is 1.56 g / cm3. Through the automatic water replenishment system, a slurry suspension of 1.15 g / cm3 is prepared and transported to the tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20 at a pressure of 0.03 MPa by the fourth slurry pump. The non-magnetic material outlet of the tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20 is connected to the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21. The non-magnetic material of the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21 is connected to the third thickening hydrocyclone 22. The underflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 is fed into the third dewatering screen 23. The overflow of the third dewatering screen 23 is fine-grained tailings with a grade of 0.45%. The overflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow of the third dewatering screen 18 are returned to the water replenishment system of the tailings collection tank 19 through pipelines.

[0038] The advantages of traditional heavy media separation processes and the full-size heavy media mineral processing system proposed in this application are compared in Table 1 below: Conclusion: As shown in Table 1, the ore feed yield of this invention is 10% higher than that of the traditional heavy media separation process, producing a fine-grained concentrate product with a yield of 2.5% and a grade of 5.25%, which can be sold as a direct product. The overall concentrate recovery rate is 82%, which is 8.67% higher than that of the traditional process, resulting in significant economic benefits.

[0039] Example 2: In a lead-zinc mine in Guangxi, the raw ore has a Pb+Zn grade of 4.5% and a particle size of -15mm. The specific steps are as follows: A full-size heavy media separation system is used to separate the spodumene. The specific steps are as follows: First, the raw ore is fed into the classifying screen 1 from the feed silo via the feed belt. Products below -8mm are screened. After screening, 0.75-15mm particle size (80% yield) and -0.75mm particle size (20% yield) are obtained. The 0.5-15mm particle size product is used as the feed for the heavy media coarse particle separation system, and the -0.75mm particle size product is fed into the fine particle desliming unit.

[0040] In the first heavy medium mixing tank 2, ferrosilicon powder (magnetic content ≥90%, fineness of -325 mesh 90%-97%, and -400 mesh 85%-90%) is mixed with water to form a heavy medium suspension with a density of 2.35 g / m3. After being mixed evenly with the 0.75-15mm particle size raw ore on the grading screen 1, it is transported to the coarse-grained heavy medium hydrocyclone 3 by the first slurry pump at a pressure of 0.15 MPa for separation to obtain the sediment product and the overflow product. The sorted sand products pass sequentially through a fixed concentrate screen 4 and a concentrate desliming screen 5. After being washed with water to remove the heavy media, the oversize product of the concentrate desliming screen 5 becomes gravity concentrate with a grade of 7.50%. The recovery rate of this operation reaches 40%. The overflow products after sorting pass sequentially through a fixed tailings screen 6 and a tailings desliming screen 7. After being washed with water to remove the heavy media, the oversize product of the tailings desliming screen 7 becomes gravity tailings with a grade of 0.35%.

[0041] -0.75mm fine-grained material is fed into the fine-grained feed trough 9 and pumped by the second slurry pump to the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 for classification and concentration. The underflow from the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 is dewatered by the first dewatering screen 11 to obtain fine-grained lead-zinc ore material (yield of 15%), which is then fed into the heavy media fine-grained separation unit. The overflow fineness of the first thickening hydrocyclone is -200 mesh (95%), which is then fed into the thickener.

[0042] In the second heavy medium mixing tank 12, ferrosilicon powder (magnetic content ≥95%, fineness -325 mesh content 80%-85%, -400 mesh content 60%-65%) is mixed with water to form a heavy medium suspension with a density of 1.98 g / m3. After being mixed evenly with the fine-particle material on the first dewatering screen 11, it is transported to the fine-particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13 at a pressure of 0.15 MPa by the second slurry pump for separation, to obtain the sediment product and the overflow product.

[0043] The sediment product after separation by the fine-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 13 is fed into the concentrate collection tank with a density of 2.30 g / cm3. Through an automatic water replenishment system, a slurry suspension of 1.35 g / cm3 is prepared and transported to the concentrate refining magnetic separator 15 at a pressure of 0.03 MPa by the third slurry pump. The non-magnetic material outlet of the concentrate refining magnetic separator 15 is connected to the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16. The non-magnetic material of the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16 is connected to the second thickening hydrocyclone 17. The underflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 is fed into the second dewatering screen 18. The fine-grained concentrate on the second dewatering screen 18 has a grade of 7.00% and a yield of 8%, which can be sold directly or fed into the mill for flotation. The overflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow of the second dewatering screen 18 are returned to the water replenishment system of the concentrate collection tank 14 through pipelines.

[0044] The overflow product after separation by the fine-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 13 is fed into the tailings collection tank 19. The density is 1.52 g / cm3. Through the automatic water replenishment system, a slurry suspension of 1.15 g / cm3 is prepared and transported to the tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20 at a pressure of 0.03 MPa by the fourth slurry pump. The non-magnetic material outlet of the tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20 is connected to the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21. The non-magnetic material of the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21 is connected to the third thickening hydrocyclone 22. The underflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 is fed into the third dewatering screen 23. The overflow of the third dewatering screen 23 is fine-grained tailings with a grade of 0.45%. The overflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow of the third dewatering screen 18 are returned to the water replenishment system of the tailings collection tank 19 through pipelines.

[0045] The advantages of traditional heavy media separation processes and the full-size heavy media mineral processing system proposed in this application are compared in Table 2 below: Conclusion: As shown in Table 2, the ore yield of this invention is 15% higher than that of the traditional heavy media separation process, producing a fine-grained concentrate product with a yield of 8.0%, and the grade of the fine-grained concentrate is 7.0%. It can be used as a direct product for grinding and flotation, reducing the amount of fine-grained material entering the ball mill. The overall concentrate recovery rate is 79.11%, which is 12.45% higher than that of the traditional process, resulting in significant economic benefits.

[0046] Example 3: A fluorite mine in Zhejiang Province has a raw ore CaF2 grade of 35% and a particle size of -20mm. The specific steps are as follows: A full-size heavy media separation system is used to separate the spodumene. The specific steps are as follows: First, the raw ore is fed into the classifying screen 1 from the feed silo via the feed belt. The product below -20mm is screened. After the classifying screen, the 1-20mm particle size (75% yield) and the -1mm particle size (25% yield) are obtained. The 1-20mm particle size product is used as the feed for the heavy media coarse particle separation system, and the -1mm particle size product is fed into the fine particle desliming unit.

[0047] In the first heavy medium mixing tank 2, ferrosilicon powder (magnetic content ≥90%, fineness of -325 mesh 90%-97%, and -400 mesh 85%-90%) is mixed with water to form a heavy medium suspension with a density of 2.00 g / m3. After being mixed evenly with the 1-20mm particle size raw ore on the grading screen 1, it is transported to the coarse-grained heavy medium hydrocyclone 3 by the first slurry pump at a pressure of 0.15 MPa for separation to obtain the sediment product and the overflow product. After separation, the sand products pass through the concentrate fixed screen 4 and the concentrate desliming screen 5 in sequence. After being washed with water, the heavy media are removed. The oversize product of the concentrate desliming screen 5 is the gravity concentrate with a grade of 75%. The recovery rate of this operation is 30%. The overflow products after separation pass through the tailings fixed screen 6 and the tailings desliming screen 7 in sequence. After being washed with water, the heavy media are removed. The oversize product of the tailings desliming screen 7 is the gravity tailings with a grade of 6%.

[0048] -1mm fine-grained material is fed into the fine-grained feed trough 9 and pumped by the second slurry pump to the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 for classification and concentration. The underflow from the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 is dewatered by the first dewatering screen 11 to obtain fine-grained fluorite ore material (yield of 20%), which is then fed into the heavy media fine-grained separation unit. The overflow fineness of the first thickening hydrocyclone is -200 mesh (95%), which is then fed into the thickener.

[0049] In the second heavy medium mixing tank 12, ferrosilicon powder (magnetic content ≥95%, fineness -325 mesh content 80%-85%, -400 mesh content 60%-65%) is mixed with water to form a heavy medium suspension with a density of 1.80 g / m3. After being mixed evenly with the fine-particle material on the first dewatering screen 11, it is transported to the fine-particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13 at a pressure of 0.15 MPa by the second slurry pump for separation, to obtain the sediment product and the overflow product.

[0050] The sediment product after separation by the fine-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 13 is fed into the concentrate collection tank with a density of 2.00 g / cm3. Through an automatic water replenishment system, a slurry suspension of 1.30 g / cm3 is prepared and transported to the concentrate refining magnetic separator 15 at a pressure of 0.03 MPa by the third slurry pump. The non-magnetic material outlet of the concentrate refining magnetic separator 15 is connected to the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16. The non-magnetic material of the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16 is connected to the second thickening hydrocyclone 17. The underflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 is fed into the second dewatering screen 18. The fine-grained concentrate with a grade of 72% and a yield of 8% is found on the second dewatering screen 18 and can be sold directly or fed into the mill for flotation. The overflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow of the second dewatering screen 18 are returned to the water replenishment system of the concentrate collection tank 14 through pipelines.

[0051] The overflow product after separation by the fine-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 13 is fed into the tailings collection tank 19 with a density of 1.35 g / cm3. Through the automatic water replenishment system, a slurry suspension of 1.15 g / cm3 is prepared and transported to the tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20 at a pressure of 0.03 MPa by the fourth slurry pump. The non-magnetic material outlet of the tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20 is connected to the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21. The non-magnetic material of the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21 is connected to the third thickening hydrocyclone 22. The underflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 is fed into the third dewatering screen 23. The overflow of the third dewatering screen 23 is fine-grained tailings with a grade of 5.5%. The overflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow of the third dewatering screen 18 are returned to the water replenishment system of the tailings collection tank 19 through pipelines.

[0052] The advantages of traditional heavy media separation processes and the full-size heavy media mineral processing system proposed in this application are compared in Table 3 below: Conclusion: As shown in Table 3, the ore feed yield of this invention is 20% higher than that of the traditional heavy media separation process, producing a fine-grained concentrate product with a yield of 8.0% and a grade of 72%, which can be sold as a direct product. The overall concentrate recovery rate is 80.74%, which is 16.45% higher than that of the traditional process, resulting in significant economic benefits.

[0053] Example 4: A tungsten mine in Jiangxi Province has a WO3 grade of 0.2% and a particle size of -10mm in its raw ore. The specific steps are as follows: A full-size heavy media separation system is used to separate the spodumene. The specific steps are as follows: First, the raw ore is fed into the classifying screen 1 from the feed silo via the feed belt. Products below -10mm are screened. After screening, 0.5-10mm particle size (75% yield) and -0.5mm particle size (25% yield) are obtained. The 0.5-10mm particle size product is used as the feed for the heavy media coarse particle separation system, and the -0.5mm particle size product is fed into the fine particle desliming unit.

[0054] In the first heavy medium mixing tank 2, ferrosilicon powder (magnetic content ≥90%, fineness of -325 mesh 90%-97%, and -400 mesh 85%-90%) is mixed with water to form a heavy medium suspension with a density of 1.80 g / m3. After being mixed evenly with the 0.5-10mm particle size raw ore on the grading screen 1, it is transported to the coarse-grained heavy medium hydrocyclone 3 by the first slurry pump at a pressure of 0.15 MPa for separation to obtain the sediment product and the overflow product. The sorted sand products pass sequentially through a fixed concentrate screen 4 and a concentrate desliming screen 5. After being washed with water to remove the heavy media, the oversize product of the concentrate desliming screen 5 is obtained as gravity concentrate with a grade of 0.55%. The recovery rate of this operation reaches 30%. The overflow products after sorting pass sequentially through a fixed tailings screen 6 and a tailings desliming screen 7. After being washed with water to remove the heavy media, the oversize product of the tailings desliming screen 7 is obtained as gravity tailings with a grade of 0.03%.

[0055] -1mm fine-grained material is fed into the fine-grained feed trough 9 and pumped by the second slurry pump to the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 for classification and concentration. The underflow from the first thickening hydrocyclone 10 is dewatered by the first dewatering screen 11 to obtain fine-grained ore material (yield of 20%), which is then fed into the heavy media fine-grained separation unit. The overflow fineness of the first thickening hydrocyclone is -200 mesh (95%), which is then fed into the thickener.

[0056] In the second heavy medium mixing tank 12, ferrosilicon powder (magnetic content ≥95%, fineness -325 mesh content 80%-85%, -400 mesh content 60%-65%) is mixed with water to form a heavy medium suspension with a density of 1.60 g / m3. After being mixed evenly with the fine-particle material on the first dewatering screen 11, it is transported to the fine-particle heavy medium hydrocyclone 13 at a pressure of 0.15 MPa by the second slurry pump for separation, to obtain the sediment product and the overflow product.

[0057] The sediment product after separation by the fine-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 13 is fed into the concentrate collection tank with a density of 2.00 g / cm3. Through an automatic water replenishment system, a slurry suspension of 1.30 g / cm3 is prepared and transported to the concentrate refining magnetic separator 15 at a pressure of 0.03 MPa by the third slurry pump. The non-magnetic material outlet of the concentrate refining magnetic separator 15 is connected to the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16. The non-magnetic material of the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator 16 is connected to the second thickening hydrocyclone 17. The underflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 is fed into the second dewatering screen 18. The fine-grained concentrate with a grade of 0.45% and a yield of 6% is found on the second dewatering screen 18 and can be sold directly or fed into the mill for flotation. The overflow of the second thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow of the second dewatering screen 18 are returned to the water replenishment system of the concentrate collection tank 14 through pipelines.

[0058] The overflow product after separation by the fine-grained heavy media hydrocyclone 13 is fed into the tailings collection tank 19 with a density of 1.30 g / cm3. Through the automatic water replenishment system, a slurry suspension of 1.15 g / cm3 is prepared and transported to the tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20 at a pressure of 0.03 MPa by the fourth slurry pump. The non-magnetic material outlet of the tailings cleaning magnetic separator 20 is connected to the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21. The non-magnetic material of the tailings scavenging magnetic separator 21 is connected to the third thickening hydrocyclone 22. The underflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 22 is fed into the third dewatering screen 23. The overflow of the third dewatering screen 23 is fine-grained tailings with a grade of 0.035%. The overflow of the third thickening hydrocyclone 17 and the underflow of the third dewatering screen 18 are returned to the water replenishment system of the tailings collection tank 19 through pipelines.

[0059] The advantages of traditional heavy media separation processes and the full-size heavy media mineral processing system proposed in this application are compared in Table 4 below: Conclusion: As shown in Table 4, the ore yield of this invention is 20% higher than that of the traditional heavy media separation process, producing a fine-grained concentrate product with a yield of 6.0%, and the grade of the fine-grained concentrate is 0.4%, which can be used as a direct product for grinding and flotation, reducing the amount of fine-grained material entering the ball mill. The overall concentrate recovery rate is 94.50%, which is 12% higher than that of the traditional process, resulting in significant economic benefits.

Claims

1. A mineral processing method for a full-scale heavy media separation system, characterized in that... The mineral processing steps are as follows: (1) Making a full-size heavy media mineral processing system: The system includes a classification unit, a heavy media coarse particle separation unit, a fine particle desliming unit, a heavy media fine particle separation unit, and a fine particle desliming / dewatering unit. The classification unit is a unit that separates the material into coarse and fine particles. The coarse particle outlet of the classification unit is connected to the heavy media coarse particle separation unit. The fine particle outlet of the classification unit is connected to the fine particle desliming unit, the heavy media fine particle separation unit, and the fine particle desliming / dewatering unit in sequence. The classification unit separates the selected material into two particle size products: coarse and fine particles. After the coarse particles enter the heavy media coarse particle separation unit for separation, coarse particles concentrate and coarse particles tailings are obtained. After the fine particles enter the fine particle desliming unit, the heavy media fine particle separation unit, and the fine particle desliming and dewatering unit in sequence, the final fine particles concentrate and fine particles tailings are obtained. The grading unit includes a feeding trough, a grading screen, a discharge trough, and an under-screen chute. The outlet of the feeding trough is connected to the inlet of the grading screen, the over-screen outlet of the grading screen is connected to the inlet of the discharge trough, the discharge trough is connected to the heavy medium coarse particle separation unit via the under-screen chute, the fine particle material outlet of the under-screen outlet of the grading screen is connected to the under-screen chute, and the under-screen chute is connected to the fine particle desliming unit via a pipeline. The heavy media coarse-grained separation unit includes a first heavy media mixing tank, a coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone, a concentrate fixed screen, a concentrate desliming screen, a tailings fixed screen, a tailings desliming screen, and a magnetic separator. The inlet of the first heavy media mixing tank is connected to the discharge chute in the classification unit. The outlet of the first heavy media mixing tank is connected to the inlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone via a first slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the coarse-grained heavy media hydrocyclone are respectively connected to the tailings fixed screen and the concentrate fixed screen via pipelines. The undersize products from the concentrate fixed screen and the tailings fixed screen are respectively processed through... The pipeline is connected to the first medium mixing tank. The oversize product outlets of the tailings fixed screen and the concentrate fixed screen are connected to the tailings desliming screen and the concentrate desliming screen, respectively. The undersize product outlets of the tailings desliming screen and the concentrate desliming screen are connected to the magnetic separator. The magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator is connected to the first medium mixing tank via a pipeline. The non-magnetic product outlet of the magnetic separator is transported to the return water tank via a pipeline. The oversize product outlet of the concentrate desliming screen is sold directly as coarse-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation. The oversize material of the tailings desliming screen is sold or stored as coarse-grained tailings. The fine-particle desliming unit includes a fine-particle feed trough, a first thickening hydrocyclone, and a first dewatering screen. The underflow outlet of the grading screen is connected to the fine-particle feed trough via a pipe. The outlet of the fine-particle feed trough is connected to the inlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone via a second slurry pump. The overflow of the first thickening hydrocyclone is connected to a thickener via a pipe. The underflow outlet of the first thickening hydrocyclone is connected to the overflow distributor of the first dewatering screen. The overflow product outlet of the first dewatering screen is connected to the heavy medium fine-particle separation unit. The underflow outlet of the first dewatering screen is connected to the fine-particle feed trough. The heavy medium fine particle separation unit includes a second heavy medium mixing tank and a fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone. The screen outlet of the first dewatering screen is connected to the second heavy medium mixing tank via a pipeline. The discharge port of the second heavy medium mixing tank is connected to the inlet end of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone via a third slurry pump. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine particle heavy medium hydrocyclone are respectively connected to the fine particle dewatering / dewatering unit via pipelines. The fine-particle heavy medium dewatering unit includes a concentrate collection tank, a tailings collection tank, a concentrate cleaning magnetic separator, a tailings cleaning magnetic separator, a concentrate scavenging magnetic separator, a tailings scavenging magnetic separator, a second thickening hydrocyclone, a third thickening hydrocyclone, a second dewatering screen, and a third dewatering screen. The overflow outlet and underflow outlet of the fine-particle heavy medium hydrocyclone are connected to the tailings collection tank and the concentrate collection tank via pipelines, respectively. The tailings collection tank and the concentrate collection tank are connected to the tailings cleaning magnetic separator and the concentrate cleaning magnetic separator via pipelines, respectively, via a fourth slurry pump and a fifth slurry pump. The non-magnetic product outlets of the tailings cleaning magnetic separator and the concentrate cleaning magnetic separator are connected to the tailings scavenging magnetic separator and the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator, respectively. The tailings cleaning magnetic separator, the concentrate cleaning magnetic separator, the tailings scavenging magnetic separator, and the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator are all connected to the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator. The magnetic material outlet of the separator returns to the second heavy medium mixing tank; the non-magnetic outlet of the concentrate scavenging magnetic separator is connected to the second thickening hydrocyclone, the underflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone is connected to the second dewatering screen, and the overflow product of the second dewatering screen is sold directly as fine-grained concentrate or fed into the mill for flotation; the overflow outlet of the second thickening hydrocyclone and the underflow outlet of the second dewatering screen are connected to the concentrate collection tank via pipelines; the non-magnetic outlet of the tailings scavenging magnetic separator is connected to the third thickening hydrocyclone, the underflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone is connected to the inlet of the third dewatering screen, and the overflow product of the third dewatering screen is sold directly as fine-grained tailings or stockpiled; the overflow outlet of the third thickening hydrocyclone and the underflow outlet of the third dewatering screen are returned to the tailings collection tank via pipelines. (2) Select parameters and run the system according to step (1). The heavy medium in the first heavy medium mixing tank is ferrosilicon powder. The ferrosilicon powder has a magnetic content ≥90%, a fineness of -325 mesh ≥90% and a fineness of -400 mesh ≥85% and a density of 1.70-3.20 g / cm³. The overflow fineness of the hydrocyclone is -200 mesh ≥95%. The heavy medium in the second heavy medium mixing tank is ferrosilicon powder. The ferrosilicon powder has a magnetic content ≥95% and a fineness of -325 mesh. The content is 80%-85%, and the -400 mesh content is 60%-65%. The density of the concentrate collection tank and tailings collection tank is controlled at 1.10-1.35 g / cm3. The screen size of the first dewatering screen is 0.15-0.30 mm, the screen size of the second dewatering screen is 0.15-0.3 mm, and the screen size of the third dewatering screen is 0.15-0.3 mm. The pressure of the first slurry pump is 0.1 MPa-0.25 MPa, and the pressure of the third slurry pump is 0.1 MPa-0.25 MPa. The heavy medium suspension and ore are pumped through the slurry pump at a pressure of 0. The heavy medium is fed into the hydrocyclone at a pressure of 0.1 MPa to 0.25 MPa, where it is separated under centrifugal force. The underflow product from the heavy medium hydrocyclone is further processed to become heavy medium concentrate, while the overflow product is further processed to become waste rock. The pressure of the second slurry pump is 0.08 MPa to 0.15 MPa, the pressure of the fourth slurry pump is 0.02 to 0.04 MPa, and the pressure of the fifth slurry pump is 0.02 to 0.04 MPa.

2. The mineral processing method of a full-size heavy media mineral processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that... In step (1), the sieve aperture size of the grading sieve is 0.35-1mm, and the cone angle of the fine-particle heavy medium cyclone is 40°-150°.

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