A telescopic ignition device for a split adjustable gas turbine

Abstract

This invention discloses a retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine, relating to the field of gas turbine ignition devices. The key technical feature is that the split cylinder is divided into upper and lower chambers by a partition, and an ignition plug slides up and down through the split cylinder. A first vent hole is provided at the bottom of the split cylinder. The ignition plug consists of a first segment and a second segment from bottom to top. The first segment passes through the first vent hole and inserts into the combustion chamber. In the lower chamber, a piston is fitted onto the second segment, and the piston slides and seals against the side wall of the lower chamber. A second vent hole is provided on the partition; when the piston is in its highest position, the second vent hole is blocked by the piston. The second segment slides and seals against the wall of the first vent hole. In the upper chamber, a spring retaining ring is fitted onto the ignition plug. The spring is located between the spring retaining ring and the top surface of the upper chamber. During ignition, high-temperature, high-pressure gas from the combustion chamber casing enters the lower cylinder, lifting the piston and preventing the high-temperature gas from the lower cylinder from entering the upper cylinder, thus extending the spring's lifespan.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas turbine ignition devices, and more specifically, to a split-type adjustable telescopic ignition device for gas turbines. Background Technology

[0002] Ignition is a crucial step in the gas turbine startup process, and the performance of the igniter significantly impacts the ignition success rate. Ground-based gas turbines commonly utilize high-energy igniters to provide sufficient ignition energy. A high-energy electric arc ball generated at the igniter tip penetrates the air within the flame tube, transferring energy to the fuel-air mixture and igniting the fuel.

[0003] To avoid the impact of the high-temperature and high-pressure environment inside the combustion chamber on the lifespan of the ignition nozzle, gas turbines often employ retractable igniters. During ignition, the ignition pin can extend into the flame tube, closer to the concentration region of the fuel-air mixture suitable for ignition. This reduces the energy dissipation of the high-energy arc generated by the ignition pin during its penetration through the air, shortening the ignition delay time and improving the ignition success rate.

[0004] Conventional retractable igniters house the ignition pin, sealing structure, spring, and other components within a single chamber. Because the airflow between this chamber and the combustion chamber is interconnected, the temperature inside the chamber can reach as high as 600 degrees Celsius when the gas turbine is under high load. This negatively impacts the lifespan of the spring, significantly shortening its replacement cycle; alternatively, it necessitates the use of higher-grade materials to withstand the high temperatures, increasing costs.

[0005] For the reasons mentioned above, this application aims to provide a split adjustable telescopic ignition device for gas turbines to prevent the spring in the telescopic ignition device from directly contacting the high-temperature gas, thereby extending the life of the spring and reducing the frequency of replacement of the telescopic ignition device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a telescopic ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine, comprising a split-type cylinder, an ignition pin, a spring, a piston, a partition, and a spring retaining ring. The split-type cylinder is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a partition, and the ignition pin passes through the split-type cylinder vertically and is slidably connected to the split-type cylinder.

[0007] The split cylinder block has a first vent hole on its bottom surface. The ignition plug, located below the baffle, consists of a first segment and a second segment from bottom to top. The first segment passes through the first vent hole and can be inserted into the combustion chamber, where it slides and seals against the combustion chamber. The lower chamber exchanges gases with the space outside the combustion chamber through the first vent hole.

[0008] Inside the lower chamber, the piston is fitted and fixed on the second section. The inner ring of the piston is tightly fitted with the ignition plug, and the outer ring of the piston slides and seals against the side wall of the lower chamber. A second vent hole is provided on the partition. When the piston is in its highest position, the second vent hole is blocked by the piston. When the second vent hole is not blocked by the piston, the second section slides and seals against the wall of the first vent hole.

[0009] Inside the upper chamber, a spring retaining ring is fitted onto the ignition hydrant and fixedly connected to it. The spring is fitted onto the ignition hydrant and located between the spring retaining ring and the top surface of the upper chamber.

[0010] The invention is further configured such that the portion above the second segment of the ignition plug includes a third segment. The third segment passes through the second vent hole and does not contact the wall of the second vent hole. When the piston is in its highest position, the top surface of the second segment abuts against the partition plate.

[0011] The invention is further configured such that: the top edge of the piston is chamfered, and a sealing groove matching the shape of the piston top is formed on the bottom surface of the partition plate. When the piston is in its highest position, both the piston top surface and the chamfered surface are in close contact with the wall of the sealing groove.

[0012] The invention is further configured such that: two conical surfaces are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the piston, and the sides of the two conical surfaces near the lower chamber sidewall are inclined in the direction of mutual approach.

[0013] The invention is further configured such that: the spring retaining ring is divided into upper and lower parts with collinear axes, the upper part having a smaller diameter than the lower part, and the outer side of the lower part fitting against the side wall of the upper chamber. The bottom end of the spring is located between the outer side of the upper part and the side wall of the upper chamber.

[0014] The invention is further configured to include a limiting pin, with a limiting hole formed in the side wall of the upper chamber. The limiting pin passes through the limiting hole and is blocked below the spring retaining ring. Multiple sets of limiting holes are arranged longitudinally, with at least one limiting hole in each set.

[0015] The invention is further configured such that: each group of limiting holes has multiple limiting holes, and all limiting holes in the same group are distributed around the axis of the split cylinder block. Multiple limiting pins are provided, each limiting pin is inserted into one limiting hole, and all limiting pins are located in the same group of limiting holes.

[0016] The invention is further configured such that the portion above the third segment of the ignition plug is the fourth segment. The third segment penetrates the top surface of the upper chamber and is slidably connected to the split cylinder body, and the fourth segment is coaxial with the third segment, with a diameter smaller than that of the third segment.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that: the split cylinder body includes a top plate, an upper cylinder body, and a lower cylinder body. Both the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body have openings at the top; the bottom plate of the upper cylinder body is detachably connected to the lower cylinder body; the top plate is detachably connected to the upper cylinder body; and the partition plate is the bottom plate of the upper cylinder body.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: the bottom plate of the upper cylinder body is connected to the lower cylinder body by a threaded connector, and the top plate is connected to the upper cylinder body by a threaded connector.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages compared to the prior art:

[0020] 1. This invention has two cylinders, upper and lower, each with an upper and lower chamber. The piston and spring are located in the lower and upper cylinders, respectively. High-temperature and high-pressure gas from the combustion chamber enters the lower cylinder and lifts the piston. The partition plate presses against the piston to form an effective seal, preventing the high-temperature gas from the lower cylinder from entering the upper cylinder and extending the life of the spring.

[0021] 2. In this invention, the upper cylinder block is provided with a limiting hole and a limiting pin, which can adjust the insertion depth of the ignition plug. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the igniter in the combustion chamber;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the igniter in the ejected position;

[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of region A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of region B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the position when the igniter is inserted to its minimum depth;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position when the igniter is inserted to its maximum depth.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Split cylinder block; 11. Top plate; 12. Upper cylinder block; 121. Second vent hole; 122. Sealing groove; 123. Limiting hole; 13. Lower cylinder block; 131. First vent hole; 14. Threaded connector mounting hole; 2. Ignition plug; 21. First section; 22. Second section; 23. Third section; 24. Fourth section; 3. Spring; 4. Spring retaining ring; 41. Upper part; 42. Lower part; 5. Piston; 51. Conical surface; 6. Limiting pin; 7. Casing; 71. Combustion chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0031] Example

[0032] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine includes a split-type cylinder 1, an ignition pin 2, a spring 3, a piston 5, a partition, and a spring retaining ring 4. The split-type cylinder 1 is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a partition, and the ignition pin 2 passes through the split-type cylinder 1 vertically and is slidably connected to it.

[0033] The split cylinder block 1 has a first vent hole 131 on its bottom surface. The portion of the ignition plug 2 located below the partition includes a first segment 21 and a second segment 22 from bottom to top. The first segment 21 passes through the first vent hole 131 and can be inserted into the combustion chamber 71. The first segment 21 and the combustion chamber 71 are slidably sealed. The lower chamber exchanges gases with the space outside the combustion chamber 71 through the first vent hole 131.

[0034] Inside the lower chamber, piston 5 is fitted and fixed on the second section 22. The inner ring of piston 5 is tightly fitted with ignition plug 2, and the outer ring of piston 5 slides and seals against the side wall of the lower chamber. A second vent hole 121 is provided on the partition. When piston 5 is in its highest position, the second vent hole 121 is blocked by piston 5. When the second vent hole 121 is not blocked by piston 5, the second section 22 slides and seals against the wall of the first vent hole 131.

[0035] Inside the upper chamber, the spring retaining ring 4 is sleeved on the ignition hydrant 2 and fixedly connected to it. The spring 3 is sleeved on the ignition hydrant 2 and located between the spring retaining ring 4 and the top surface of the upper chamber.

[0036] The igniter works as follows: When combustion chamber 71 is not ignited, the air pressure inside casing 7 is low, and the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of piston 5 is small. Spring 3 pushes spring retaining ring 4 downward to its lower limit position, simultaneously causing ignition pin 2 to slide downward. The end of ignition pin 2 inserts into the flame tube, reaching the ignition position. After successful ignition, the pressure inside casing 7 rises rapidly, the pressure difference between the two sides of piston 5 gradually increases, and the high-pressure air inside casing 7 pushes piston 5 upward until the second vent hole 121 is blocked by piston 5. At this time, the end of ignition pin 2 withdraws from the flame area, as... Figure 2As shown, as the gas turbine load gradually increases, the air pressure and temperature in casing 7 further rise. The baffle plate presses against piston 5, forming an effective seal that prevents the high-temperature air in the lower chamber from entering the upper chamber.

[0037] Specifically, the portion above the second section 22 of the ignition plug 2 includes the third section 23. The third section 23 passes through the second vent hole 121 and does not contact the wall of the second vent hole 121. When the piston 5 is in its highest position, the top surface of the second section 22 abuts against the partition plate to prevent the piston 5 from being damaged by impacting the edge of the second vent hole 121, thereby improving the service life of the piston 5.

[0038] Specifically, the top edge of the piston 5 is chamfered, and the chamfer is either a rounded corner or a beveled corner. A sealing groove 122 matching the shape of the top of the piston 5 is provided on the bottom surface of the partition plate. When the piston 5 is in its highest position, the top surface of the piston 5 and the arc or beveled surface of the chamfer are in close contact with the groove wall of the sealing groove 122, increasing the contact area between the partition plate and the piston 5 and further improving the sealing effect of the piston 5.

[0039] Specifically, the piston 5 is provided with two conical surfaces 51 on the top and bottom respectively. The sides of the two conical surfaces 51 near the lower chamber sidewall are inclined in the direction of mutual approach to reduce the frictional contact between the piston 5 and the lower chamber sidewall and accelerate the sealing speed of the piston 5.

[0040] Specifically, the spring retaining ring 4 is divided into upper and lower parts with collinear axes. The diameter of the upper part 41 is smaller than that of the lower part 42, and the outer side of the lower part 42 is in contact with the side wall of the upper chamber. The bottom end of the spring 3 is located between the outer side of the upper part 41 and the side wall of the upper chamber.

[0041] This embodiment also includes a limiting pin 6, and a limiting hole 123 is formed in the side wall of the upper chamber. The limiting pin 6 is used to pass through the limiting hole 123 and block the lower part of the spring retaining ring 4. Multiple sets of limiting holes 123 are arranged longitudinally, with at least one limiting hole 123 in each set. In this embodiment, four sets of limiting holes 123 are provided. By changing the limiting hole 123 into which the limiting pin 6 is inserted, the lower limit position of the spring retaining ring 4 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the depth to which the end of the ignition hydrant 2 is inserted into the flame tube. Figure 5 , Figure 6 The diagrams shown illustrate the cases with the minimum and maximum insertion depths, respectively.

[0042] Specifically, multiple limiting holes 123 are provided in each group, and all limiting holes 123 in the same group are distributed around the axis of the split cylinder body 1. Multiple limiting pins 6 are provided, each limiting pin 6 is inserted into one limiting hole 123, and all limiting pins 6 are located in the same group of limiting holes 123. In this embodiment, all limiting holes 123 in the same group are evenly distributed around the axis of the split cylinder body 1, and two limiting holes 123 are provided in each group.

[0043] Specifically, the part above the third segment 23 of the ignition hydrant 2 is the fourth segment 24. The third segment 23 passes through the top surface of the upper chamber and is slidably connected to the split cylinder 1. The fourth segment 24 is coaxial with the third segment 23, and the diameter of the fourth segment 24 is smaller than that of the third segment 23, so as to facilitate the installation of the ignition hydrant 2 onto the split cylinder 1 from bottom to top.

[0044] Specifically, the split cylinder body 1 includes a top plate 11, an upper cylinder body 12, and a lower cylinder body 13. Both the upper cylinder body 12 and the lower cylinder body 13 have openings at the top. The bottom plate of the upper cylinder body 12 is detachably connected to the lower cylinder body 13, and the top plate 11 is detachably connected to the upper cylinder body 12 to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the piston 5, the spring 3, and the spring retaining ring 4. The partition plate is the bottom plate of the upper cylinder body 12.

[0045] Specifically, the bottom plate of the upper cylinder body 12 is connected to the lower cylinder body 13 by a threaded connector, and the top plate 11 is connected to the upper cylinder body 12 by a threaded connector.

[0046] In summary, this embodiment has two cylinders, upper and lower, each forming an upper and lower chamber. The piston 5 and spring 3 are located in the lower cylinder 13 and upper cylinder 12, respectively. High-temperature, high-pressure gas from the combustion chamber 71 (casing 7) enters the lower cylinder 13, lifting the piston 5. The partition plate presses against the piston 5 to form an effective seal, preventing the high-temperature gas from the lower cylinder 13 from entering the upper cylinder 12 and extending the life of the spring 3. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper cylinder 12 is provided with a limiting hole 123 and a limiting pin 6, allowing adjustment of the insertion depth of the ignition plug 2.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine, characterized in that: It includes a split cylinder body (1), an ignition plug (2), a spring (3), a piston (5), a partition and a spring retaining ring (4); the split cylinder body (1) is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a partition, and the ignition plug (2) passes through the split cylinder body (1) from top to bottom and is slidably connected to the split cylinder body (1); The split cylinder block (1) has a first vent hole (131) on its bottom surface; the ignition plug (2) located below the partition includes a first segment (21) and a second segment (22) from bottom to top. The first segment (21) passes through the first vent hole (131) and can be inserted into the combustion chamber. The first segment (21) slides and seals with the combustion chamber. The lower chamber exchanges gas with the space outside the combustion chamber through the first vent hole (131). In the lower chamber, the piston (5) is fitted and fixed on the second section (22). The inner ring surface of the piston (5) is tightly fitted with the ignition plug (2), and the outer ring surface of the piston (5) slides and seals with the side wall of the lower chamber. A second vent hole (121) is provided on the partition. When the piston (5) is in the highest position, the second vent hole (121) is blocked by the piston (5). When the second vent hole (121) is not blocked by the piston (5), the second section (22) slides and seals with the wall of the first vent hole (131). Inside the upper chamber, the spring retaining ring (4) is sleeved on the ignition hydrant (2) and fixedly connected to the ignition hydrant (2); the spring (3) is sleeved on the ignition hydrant (2) and located between the spring retaining ring (4) and the top surface of the upper chamber.

2. The retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The part above the second section (22) of the ignition hydrant (2) includes the third section (23); the third section (23) passes through the second vent (121) and does not contact the wall of the second vent (121); when the piston (5) is in the highest position, the top surface of the second section (22) abuts against the partition.

3. The retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top edge of the piston (5) is chamfered, and a sealing groove (122) matching the shape of the top of the piston (5) is opened on the bottom surface of the partition. When the piston (5) is in the highest position, the top surface and the chamfered surface of the piston (5) are tightly fitted with the groove wall of the sealing groove (122).

4. A retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The piston (5) has two conical surfaces (51) on its upper and lower sides respectively. The sides of the two conical surfaces (51) near the lower chamber sidewall are inclined in the direction of mutual approach.

5. A retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The spring retaining ring (4) is divided into two parts with collinear axes. The diameter of the upper part (41) is smaller than that of the lower part (42). The outer side of the lower part (42) is in contact with the side wall of the upper chamber. The bottom end of the spring (3) is located between the outer side of the upper part (41) and the side wall of the upper chamber.

6. A retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: It also includes a limiting pin (6), and a limiting hole (123) is opened on the side wall of the upper chamber. The limiting pin (6) is used to pass through the limiting hole (123) and block the lower part of the spring retaining ring (4). Multiple sets of the limiting holes (123) are arranged longitudinally, and each set is provided with at least one limiting hole (123).

7. A retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: Multiple limit holes (123) are provided in each group, and all limit holes (123) in the same group are distributed around the axis of the split cylinder body (1); multiple limit pins (6) are provided, and each limit pin (6) is inserted into a limit hole (123), and all limit pins (6) are located in the same group of limit holes (123).

8. A retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The part above the third section (23) of the ignition hydrant (2) is the fourth section (24); the third section (23) passes through the top surface of the upper chamber and is slidably connected to the split cylinder (1); the fourth section (24) is coaxial with the third section (23); the diameter of the fourth section (24) is smaller than the diameter of the third section (23).

9. A retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The split cylinder body (1) includes a top plate (11), an upper cylinder body (12) and a lower cylinder body (13); both the upper cylinder body (12) and the lower cylinder body (13) have openings at the top, the bottom plate of the upper cylinder body (12) is detachably connected to the lower cylinder body (13), the top plate (11) is detachably connected to the upper cylinder body (12), and the partition is the bottom plate of the upper cylinder body (12).

10. A retractable ignition device for a split-type adjustable gas turbine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the upper cylinder body (12) is connected to the lower cylinder body (13) by a threaded connector, and the top plate (11) is connected to the upper cylinder body (12) by a threaded connector.

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