A new type of detector that can automatically detect the coupling effect

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel detector capable of automatically detecting the coupling effect, including a device housing. An internal sensor is provided inside the device housing. A horizontal sensor and a buzzer are also provided inside the device housing. A depth sensor is provided at the bottom of the device housing. A through groove is formed at the center of the device housing. A pressing block is installed in the through groove. The lower end of the pressing block is connected to an outward expansion fixing component, and the lower end of the expansion fixing component is connected to a telescopic insertion cone component. The present invention can enable the detector to meet the coupling standard during use, and enable the detector tail vertebra to reach the buried depth, with firm fixation, more accurate detection, greatly reducing the existence of errors, thereby improving the quality of seismic acquisition data, and largely eliminating the problem of poor seismic data caused by poor coupling of the detector, greatly reducing the labor cost and time cost, and thus improving the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration, and specifically relates to a new type of geophone capable of automatically detecting coupling effect, involving multiple fields such as oil and gas exploration, geophysical exploration, observation system layout, mechanical devices, and automation systems. Background Art

[0002] In petroleum seismic exploration, a geophone is an electromechanical conversion device that converts seismic waves transmitted to the ground or water into electrical signals, and is a key component for field seismic data acquisition. The function of a geophone is to generate an electrical analog of a single component or multiple components of ground vibration with as little distortion as possible, and it is a device used to identify the presence or change of waves, oscillations, or signals, and can completely reflect and pick up the dynamic characteristics of seismic waves. During the development process of geophones, various types have emerged relying on different technologies, and geophones can be classified into different categories according to different criteria. Classified by power supply method, there are active geophones and passive geophones. Traditional mechanical moving coil geophones and eddy current geophones both belong to passive geophones. Classified by physical implementation principle, they are: ① electro-parametric geophones, such as resistive, inductive, and capacitive; ② magnetoelectric geophones, such as magnetoelectric induction, Hall, and magnetic grating; ③ piezoelectric geophones; ④ optoelectronic geophones, such as optoelectronic, grating, fiber optic, optical waveguide, laser, infrared, etc.; ⑤ wave geophones, such as ultrasonic and microwave; ⑥ semiconductor geophones; ⑦ compliant cylinder and Doppler technology geophones, etc. Classified by use, there are land, swamp, marine, and downhole geophones. Classified by working mode, there are shear wave, longitudinal wave, and three-component geophones. Classified by the type of output data, there are analog geophones and digital geophones.

[0003] The ground coupling of geophones has always been a concern in the field of geophysical exploration at home and abroad. Wash-burn and Wiley discovered in 1941 that coupling is a resonant phenomenon and proved that coupling can distort seismic signals by changing the amplitude and phase of high-frequency components. Fail et al. also measured the ground coupling of geophones in the laboratory and in the field in 1963. Published papers on the coupling measurement results of small modern geophones and horizontal geophones include those published by Hoover and O'Brien in 1980 and Kristen in 1985. In China, there is relatively little research on the resonant problem of the coupling between geophones and the earth, and there are no professional literatures. However, many domestic geophysical workers attach great importance to the coupling problem. Academician Li Qingzhong pointed out that the main source of high-frequency micro-vibration is the coupling problem between the geophone and the ground. When installing a geophone, it is very easy to cause a large coupling resonance effect due to improper placement methods.

[0004] Existing methods for reducing the coupling resonance of geophones generally start from two aspects: the tail vertebra structure of the geophone and the burial method of the geophone. In 1999, Xu Jinxi et al. proposed to increase the length of the geophone tail vertebra, with a deeper coupling depth with the ground, so as to reduce the resonance effect. Shi Zhanjie et al. used special coupled geophones to receive on the desert surface in 2005, and widened the data frequency band and increased the signal fidelity by designing a coupling matching filter. Yu Fuwen et al. carried out geophone burial tests at different depths in 2016. As the burial depth of the geophone increased, the equivalent damping of the equivalent natural frequency continuously increased, and the coupling effect was enhanced accordingly.

[0005] The coupling degree between the geophone and the earth is an important factor affecting the data quality in seismic exploration. Affected by the absorption attenuation near the surface, the seismic signals received by the geophone have changed. If the coupling between the geophone and the ground is not good, the recorded signals will be distorted. In actual production, the burial of the geophone is an important factor affecting the coupling effect, directly affecting the signal-to-noise ratio of the data. The geophone burial must meet the coupling standard of "flat, stable, correct, straight, and tight". However, due to the low professional quality of construction workers and poor industrial and agricultural relations, the actual construction quality usually fails to meet the coupling standard, and situations such as the geophone being inverted, skewed, the burial depth of the geophone tail vertebra being insufficient, and the geophone being buried loosely often occur, resulting in inaccurate monitoring and large errors during detection, which will distort the recorded signals. And during construction operations, the coupling effect of the geophone is generally ensured by manual channel-by-channel inspection. Manual inspection takes a long time and has a high cost, and some geophone construction areas are difficult to reach by manpower and are often overlooked during inspection. In response to this, we have proposed a new type of geophone that can automatically detect the coupling effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of geophone that can automatically detect the coupling effect, which can make the geophone meet the coupling standard during use, and make the geophone tail vertebra reach the burial depth, be firmly fixed, obtain more accurate detection, greatly reduce the existence of errors, thereby improving the quality of seismic acquisition data, and largely eliminating the problem of poor seismic data caused by poor geophone coupling, greatly reducing the labor cost and time cost, and thus improving the construction efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a new type of geophone that can automatically detect the coupling effect, including an equipment housing. An internal sensor is arranged inside the equipment housing. It is characterized in that a horizontal sensor and a buzzer are also arranged inside the equipment housing. A depth sensor is arranged at the bottom of the equipment housing, and a through groove is opened in the center of the equipment housing. A pressing block is installed in the through groove. The lower end of the pressing block is connected to an outward expansion fixing component, and the lower end of the outward expansion fixing component is connected to a telescopic insertion cone component.

[0008] Further, the outward expansion and fixing component includes a first connecting column, a fixed semi-cylindrical body, and a second connecting column. The first connecting column, the fixed semi-cylindrical body, and the second connecting column are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The interiors of the first connecting column and the second connecting column are hollow, and the pressing block penetrates through the first connecting column.

[0009] Further, the telescopic plug cone component includes a sliding column, a spring, a third connecting column, and a cone block. The upper end of the cone block is fixedly connected to the third connecting column. The upper end of the third connecting column is fixedly connected to the sliding column, and a spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the third connecting column. The sliding column, the spring, and the third connecting column are all located inside the second connecting column. A protruding block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding column, and a hole for the protruding block to expand and contract is provided on the second connecting column.

[0010] Furthermore, a slideway groove is provided on the fixed semi-cylindrical body. A slider that matches the slideway groove is fixedly connected to the protruding block. The protruding block is slidably matched with the slideway groove through the slider, and the protruding block is stably slid on the fixed semi-cylindrical body through the slider to prevent the protruding block from coming out.

[0011] Furthermore, a rotating pressing plate is rotatably connected to the upper end of the second connecting column. A plurality of insertion blocks are fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the rotating pressing plate. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the upper end of the protruding block. One end of the connecting rod away from the protruding block is rotatably connected to the rotating pressing plate. The rotating pressing plate is retracted and released through the cooperation between the connecting rod and the protruding block.

[0012] Furthermore, a slot for the connecting rod to rotate is provided in the upper part of the rotating pressing plate, and a slot for the connecting rod to rotate is also provided on the protruding block. Both ends of the connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected inside the slots on the rotating pressing plate and the protruding block.

[0013] Furthermore, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting column. The fixing ring is used to prevent the sliding column from coming out of the second connecting column.

[0014] Further, a pressing cap is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressing block. The diameter of the pressing block matches the diameter of the hole on the first connecting column. An extrusion rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressing block. The size of the extrusion rod matches the size of the protruding block and is connected to the telescopic block.

[0015] Further, a lifting rope is provided on the equipment housing.

[0016] Further, the cone block is in a sharp cone shape and is made of alloy steel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] When people use the present invention, the device housing is placed on the ground, and the conical block is forcefully inserted into the soil. As the conical block is continuously inserted, the conical block is squeezed upward in the second connecting column, and at the same time drives the protrusion of the protruding block, drives the rotation and extrusion of the rotating extrusion plate, and is fixed in the soil. And due to the setting of the first connecting column, the second connecting column and the fixed semi-cylinder, the length of the detector tail vertebra is greatly increased, and the detector tail vertebra can be inserted into deeper soil. And through the extrusion of the rotating extrusion plate, the rotating extrusion plate is inserted into the soil, better fixing the detector in the soil. And a horizontal sensor is arranged inside the device housing. After the angle of the detector changes by more than 10 degrees, an electrical signal is transmitted to make the buzzer inside emit an alarm, telling people that the angle is tilted greatly, and letting people insert it vertically again, so that the detector can meet the coupling standard during use, and the detector tail vertebra can reach the buried depth, be firmly fixed, and obtain more accurate detection, greatly reducing the existence of errors. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the detector of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is the cross-sectional view of the detector of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the pressing block, the outer expansion fixing component and the telescopic insertion cone component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 and Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the outer expansion fixing component and the telescopic insertion cone component of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the fixed semi-cylinder of the present invention.

[0024] The labels in the figure are: 1, pressing block; 2, device housing; 3, buzzer; 4, outer expansion fixing component; 5, telescopic insertion cone component; 6, horizontal sensor; 7, internal inductor; 41, first connecting column; 42, fixed semi-cylinder; 43, protruding block; 44, second connecting column; 45, connecting rod; 46, insertion block; 47, rotating extrusion plate; 48, slideway groove; 51, sliding column; 52, spring; 53, third connecting column; 54, conical block. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Such as Figures 1 to 6As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a new type of geophone that can automatically detect the coupling effect, including an equipment housing 2. Inside the equipment housing 2, there are an internal inductor 7, a horizontal sensor 6, a buzzer 3, and an electric control component. The electric control component is electrically connected to the buzzer 3. The internal inductor 7 is electrically connected to an external wire. At the lower end of the equipment housing 2, there is an outward-expanding fixing component 4. The lower end of the outward-expanding fixing component 4 is fixedly connected to a telescopic insertion cone component 5. A through groove is provided on the equipment housing 2, and a pressing block 1 is arranged in the through groove. The pressing block 1 passes through the through groove on the equipment housing 2 and is connected to the outward-expanding fixing component 4.

[0027] The horizontal sensor 6 is electrically connected to the buzzer 3, and corresponding indicator lights can also be set. When the horizontal state meets the standard, the indicator light shows green, otherwise red. A depth sensor is provided at the bottom of the equipment housing 2, and the depth sensor is electrically connected to the buzzer 3. When people insert it not deep enough or not tightly enough, the buzzer 3 gives an alarm, and the indicator light shows red. When it meets the standard, the green light is on. Only when both lights show green can the geophone work properly. The depth sensor is a sensor based on infrared technology. It can obtain the depth information of an object through the reflection of infrared rays. It consists of an infrared emitter and an infrared receiver. The emitter emits a beam of infrared rays. When this beam of infrared rays irradiates an object, part of the infrared rays will be absorbed by the object, and part of the infrared rays will be reflected back. These reflected infrared rays will be received by the receiver. The depth sensor calculates the depth information of the object by measuring the reflection time of the infrared rays. When the infrared emitter emits a beam of infrared rays, it records the emission time. When the infrared receiver receives the reflected infrared rays, it records the reception time. By calculating the difference between the emission time and the reception time, the time for the infrared rays to travel from the emitter to the object and then to the receiver can be calculated, thereby calculating the depth information of the object. Its model is the kinect sensor.

[0028] The working principle of the internal inductor 7 is a single-degree-of-freedom vibration system. Among various types of vibration sensors, only the physical quantities of vibration they sense are different. There are displacement sensors, velocity sensors, and acceleration sensors. No matter which vibration sensor it is, it only senses one of these physical quantities. This is mainly because the output electrical signal is proportional to which physical quantity. The geophones used in seismic exploration are mainly two types: velocity geophones and acceleration geophones. As a sensor for sensing vibration, the seismic exploration geophone has the same principle as other vibration sensors, which is a mass-spring. The equipment can work when the insertion angle of the horizontal sensor 6 is within 10 degrees. After the insertion angle is greater than 10 degrees, an alarm is issued through an electrical signal transmitted to the buzzer 3.

[0029] In this embodiment, the externally expandable fixing component 4 includes a first connecting column 41, a fixed semi-cylindrical body 42 and a second connecting column 44. The telescopic plug cone component 5 includes a sliding column 51, a spring 52, a third connecting column 53 and a cone block 54. The first connecting column 41 is fixedly connected to the fixed semi-cylindrical body 42, and the fixed semi-cylindrical body 42 is fixedly connected to the second connecting column 44. The inside of the first connecting column 41 is hollow, and the pressing block 1 passes through the first connecting column 41. The spring 52 is in an extended state when the device is not in use and is compressed and contracted when the device is in use.

[0030] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the second connecting column 44 is hollow. The upper surface of the cone block 54 is fixedly connected to the third connecting column 53. The upper surface of the third connecting column 53 is fixedly connected to a sliding column 51. The outer wall of the third connecting column 53 is sleeved with a spring 52. The sliding column 51, the spring 52 and the third connecting column 53 are all located inside the second connecting column 44. The upper surface of the sliding column 51 is fixedly connected to a protruding block 43. A hole for the telescopic movement of the protruding block 43 is formed in the second connecting column 44. The fixed semi-cylindrical body 42 is located on the upper surface of the second connecting column 44, and the fixed semi-cylindrical body 42 is in the shape of a semi-cylindrical block for supporting and connecting.

[0031] In this embodiment, a rotating pressing plate 47 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the second connecting column 44. A plurality of insertion blocks 46 are fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the rotating pressing plate 47. One end of a connecting rod 45 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the protruding block 43, and the other end of the connecting rod 45 away from the protruding block 43 is rotatably connected to the rotating pressing plate 47. The rotating pressing plate 47 is retracted and extended through the cooperation between the connecting rod 45 and the protruding block 43. A slot for the rotation of the connecting rod 45 is formed in the upper part of the rotating pressing plate 47, and a slot for the rotation of the connecting rod 45 is also formed in the protruding block 43. Both ends of the connecting rod 45 are respectively rotatably arranged inside the slots on the rotating pressing plate 47 and the protruding block 43.

[0032] In this embodiment, a slideway groove 48 is formed in the fixed semi-cylindrical body 42. A sliding block matching the slideway groove 48 is fixedly connected to the protruding block 43. The protruding block 43 slides on the fixed semi-cylindrical body 42 through the sliding block. Through the arrangement of the sliding block, the protruding block 43 stably slides on the fixed semi-cylindrical body 42 and the situation of the protruding block 43 coming out is prevented.

[0033] In this embodiment, a pressing cap is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressing block 1. A lifting rope is arranged on the equipment housing 2. The pressing cap can facilitate people to quickly press, and the lifting rope can facilitate people to conveniently move the geophone.

[0034] In this embodiment, the diameter of the pressing block 1 matches the diameter of the hole on the first connecting column 41. A pressing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressing block 1, and the size of the pressing rod matches the size of the protruding block 43. When the device is in use, the tapered block 54 pushes the protruding block 43 upward through extrusion. When the device is not in use, the sliding column 51 is naturally pushed open under the action of the spring. When insertion is required, people press the pressing block 1 in advance to contract the pressing plate 47. A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting column 44, and the fixing ring is used to prevent the sliding column 51 from disengaging from the second connecting column 44. The tapered block 54 is in a sharp cone shape and is made of alloy steel. The tapered block 54 has high strength and can better insert the geophone into the soil through extrusion, and can greatly improve the service life. When the pressing block 1 is pressed downward, it does not block the downward movement of the protruding block 43, contracts the connecting rod 45, and through the setting of the inserting block 46, the inserting block 46 can be dispersed and inserted into the soil, greatly improving the fixing stability.

[0035] The working principle and usage process of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] When people use the present invention, place the device housing 2 on the ground and forcefully insert the tapered block 54 into the soil. As the tapered block 54 is continuously inserted, the tapered block 54 is extruded upward in the second connecting column 44, simultaneously driving the protrusion of the protruding block 43, driving the rotation and extrusion of the rotating pressing plate 47, and fixing it in the soil for use. It is monitored by the internal sensor 7. And due to the setting of the first connecting column 41, the second connecting column 44 and the fixed semi-cylinder 42, the length of the geophone tail vertebra is greatly increased, and the geophone tail vertebra can be inserted into deeper soil. And through the extrusion of the rotating pressing plate 47, the rotating pressing plate 47 is inserted into the soil to better fix the geophone in the soil. And a horizontal sensor 6 is arranged inside the device housing 2. After the angle of the geophone changes by more than 10 degrees, an electrical signal is transmitted to make the internal buzzer 3 emit an alarm, telling people that the angle is tilted greatly, and asking people to insert it vertically again, so that the geophone can meet the coupling standard during use, and the geophone tail vertebra can reach the buried depth, be firmly fixed, and more accurately obtain detection, greatly reducing the existence of errors. When people need to take out the geophone, people press the pressing block 1, press the pressing block 1 against the protruding block 43, press out the third connecting column 53 in the second connecting column 44, drive the retraction of the rotating pressing plate 47, and pull out the geophone from the soil, which is fast and convenient.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present invention in any form. Any technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent replacement and the like all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by using the prior art.

Claims

1. A new type of detector that can automatically detect the coupling effect, including a device housing, and an internal inductor is arranged inside the device housing, characterized in that, Inside the device housing, there is also a horizontal sensor and a buzzer. At the bottom of the device housing, there is a depth sensor, and a through groove is provided at the center of the device housing. A pressing block is installed in the through groove. The lower end of the pressing block is connected to an outward-expanding fixing component, and the lower end of the outward-expanding fixing component is connected to a telescopic insertion cone component. The outward-expanding fixing component includes a first connecting column, a fixed semi-cylinder, and a second connecting column. The first connecting column, the fixed semi-cylinder, and the second connecting column are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The interiors of the first connecting column and the second connecting column are hollow, and the pressing block penetrates through the first connecting column. The telescopic insertion cone component includes a sliding column, a spring, a third connecting column, and a cone block. The upper end of the cone block is fixedly connected to the third connecting column. The upper end of the third connecting column is fixedly connected to the sliding column, and a spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the third connecting column. The sliding column, the spring, and the third connecting column are all located inside the second connecting column. The upper end of the sliding column is fixedly connected to a protruding block, and a hole for the protruding block to expand and contract is provided on the second connecting column. The upper end of the second connecting column is rotatably connected to a rotating pressing plate. A plurality of insertion blocks are fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the rotating pressing plate. The upper end of the protruding block is rotatably connected to a connecting rod. The end of the connecting rod away from the protruding block is rotatably connected to the rotating pressing plate. The rotating pressing plate is retracted and extended through the cooperation between the connecting rod and the protruding block. The upper end of the pressing block is fixedly connected to a pressing cap. The diameter of the pressing block matches the diameter of the hole on the first connecting column. The bottom end of the pressing block is fixedly connected to a pressing rod. The size of the pressing rod matches the size of the protruding block and is connected to the telescopic block.

2. The novel detector capable of automatically detecting the coupling effect according to claim 1, wherein A slideway groove is provided on the fixed semi-cylinder. A slider matching the slideway groove is fixedly connected to the protruding block. The protruding block is slidably matched with the slideway groove through the slider, and the protruding block is stably slid on the fixed semi-cylinder through the slider to prevent the protruding block from coming out.

3. The novel detector capable of automatically detecting the coupling effect according to claim 1, wherein A slot for the connecting rod to rotate is provided on the upper part of the rotating pressing plate, and a slot for the connecting rod to rotate is also provided on the protruding block. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected inside the slots on the rotating pressing plate and the protruding block.

4. A novel detector capable of automatically detecting the coupling effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second connecting column, and the fixing ring is used to prevent the sliding column from coming out of the second connecting column.

5. A novel detector capable of automatically detecting the coupling effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, A lifting rope is provided on the device housing.

6. The novel detector capable of automatically detecting the coupling effect according to claim 1, wherein, The cone block is in a sharp cone shape and is made of alloy steel.

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