A method for prefabricating and installing the dock entrance of a dry dock

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and in particular to a prefabrication and installation method for a dry dock entrance, comprising the following steps: Step A, construction of an underground anti-seepage wall in the dry dock entrance area, layered and segmented construction of the dry dock entrance concrete, one-time pouring of concrete for the lower part of the dock sill and one-time pouring of concrete for the main body of the dock pier; Step B, design and prefabrication of dock sill stones and prefabricated dock pier stones; Step C, installation of the prefabricated dock sill stones and prefabricated dock pier stones. This invention features prefabricated dock sill stones and dock pier stones used in the construction of the dry dock entrance. The layered and segmented pouring method during construction effectively controls temperature cracks in the main concrete of the dry dock entrance; the stainless steel panels inlaid on the contact surfaces of the prefabricated dock sill stones and prefabricated dock pier stones with the dock gate greatly improve the flatness of the sealing surface; furthermore, the prefabricated structure effectively simplifies the construction process and reduces construction costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and in particular to a method for prefabricating and installing a dry dock entrance. Background Technology

[0002] In large dry dock projects, the dock entrance structure is typically a U-shaped structure composed of a dock sill and dock blocks. During shipbuilding and repair operations, the external water pressure is used to press the dock entrance firmly against the U-shaped structure, thus isolating the dock from the external waters and enabling dry operations within the dock. During dock operation, the dock entrance is mostly in the tidal range and underwater, directly bearing the pressure of thousands of tons transmitted by the dock entrance. Maintaining overall structural stability and ensuring no deformation or leakage is crucial. Any serious leakage issues necessitate the construction of a dam and pumping out for repairs, resulting in economic losses and adverse consequences. Therefore, dock entrance projects require high levels of stability, waterproofing, and durability, ensuring the structural integrity and preventing cracking or seepage.

[0003] In existing technologies, dry docks are typically constructed using direct concrete pouring. To meet the overall requirements for buoyancy stability, watertightness, and durability, a seamless, one-piece pouring method is usually required. The concrete volume at the dock entrance is large, and due to the concentrated release of heat from cement hydration in such large volumes, improper control of the internal and external temperature differences during the concrete setting process can easily lead to temperature cracks, thus affecting the quality of the project. Furthermore, improper control of the flatness of the contact surface between the dock entrance and the dock gate during concrete pouring can also impact future dock operations. If these issues are not properly controlled during construction, water seepage and leakage problems are likely to occur during later dock operations, requiring significant resources and incurring high costs for remedial repairs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To control cracks and enhance the sealing of the dock opening, this invention provides a method for prefabricating and installing the dock opening of a dry dock.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for prefabricating and installing a dry dock entrance, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for prefabricating and installing a dry dock entrance includes the following steps:

[0007] Step A: Construction of the underground seepage prevention wall in the dry dock area; layered and segmented concrete construction at the dry dock entrance; one-time concrete pouring construction of the lower part of the dock sill and one-time concrete pouring construction of the main body of the dock pier.

[0008] Step B: Design and prefabricate dock sill stones and dock pier stones;

[0009] Step C: Installation of precast dock sill stones and precast dock pier stones;

[0010] Step D: The dock sill and dock pier are connected as one unit, and the civil engineering and electromechanical installation of the dock sill structure and dock pier structure are integrated.

[0011] In the above steps, the construction of precast dock sill stones, precast dock pier stones, the initial pouring of concrete for the lower part of the dock sill, and the initial pouring of concrete for the main body of the dock pier are independent of each other and can be carried out separately. After the initial pouring of concrete for the lower part of the dock sill and the initial pouring of concrete for the main body of the dock pier are completed, the precast dock sill stones are then embedded and installed on top of the initial pouring of concrete for the lower part of the dock sill, and secondary pouring of concrete is poured between the two. Then, the precast dock pier stones are embedded and installed on top of the initial pouring of concrete for the main body of the dock pier, and secondary pouring of concrete is poured between the two. Finally, secondary pouring of concrete is poured into the pouring section between the initial pouring of concrete for the lower part of the dock sill and the initial pouring of concrete for the main body of the dock pier.

[0012] Preferably, the specific construction steps for the layered and segmented construction of the dry dock entrance concrete in step A include:

[0013] Construction is carried out in several pouring layers along the height of the dry dock entrance structure, and in several pouring sections along the width of the dry dock entrance structure.

[0014] The specific construction steps for the one-time concrete pouring of the lower part of the dock sill and the one-time concrete pouring of the main body of the dock pier in step A include: each pouring layer is provided with several pouring sections, and a post-pouring section is left between each pouring section; the post-pouring section is poured to connect the corresponding pouring layers of concrete into one piece.

[0015] Preferably, the specific construction steps for designing and prefabricating dock embankment stones and prefabricated dock pier stones in step B include:

[0016] Design the structural drawings of the dock embankment and dock pier, and carry out concrete pouring construction of the dock embankment and dock pier according to the structural drawings to produce precast dock pier and dock pier.

[0017] Preferably, the specific construction steps for the installation of precast dock sill stones and precast dock pier stones in step C include:

[0018] 1) Customized leveling devices assist in the installation of precast dock sills and precast dock piers, controlling the leveling and alignment of the precast dock sills and precast dock piers;

[0019] 2) Construction of the first pouring of concrete for the lower part of the dock sill and the second pouring of concrete after leveling the precast dock sill stones; construction of the first pouring of concrete for the main body of the dock pier and the second pouring of concrete after leveling the precast dock pier stones.

[0020] In the above steps, according to different dry dock construction requirements, different specifications of drawings are selected to prefabricate dock sills and dock piers in advance, saving construction time. At the same time, the prefabricated dock sills enhance the flatness of the contact surface between the dock sill concrete structure and the dock gate, and the prefabricated dock piers enhance the flatness of the contact surface between the dock pier concrete structure and the dock gate. When the dry dock entrance and the dock gate are closed, the dock gate can fit tightly against the dry dock entrance, improving the airtightness of the dock entrance and avoiding problems with improper flatness control of dock sills and dock piers during pouring, thus avoiding impact on future dock operation.

[0021] Layered and segmented construction of the dry dock entrance concrete is beneficial for the release of heat from the concrete. Since the heat release of cement hydration in large-volume concrete is relatively concentrated, temperature cracks are likely to occur if the dry dock entrance concrete is poured directly. At the same time, the precast dock sills and precast dock blocks made of concrete are convenient for controlling the internal and external temperature difference during the concrete setting process, thus avoiding the problem of temperature cracks.

[0022] Preferably, the structure of the precast dock sill and the precast dock pier both include stainless steel plates. The structure of the precast dock sill also includes several precast modules. Each precast module has several ring-shaped steel bars and several trestle steel bars fixedly connected inside. Each ring-shaped steel bar includes horizontal ring-shaped steel bars and vertical ring-shaped steel bars. A portion of the stainless steel plates has several connecting columns fixedly connected to one side. The outer surface of each trestle steel bar is fixedly connected to the interior of the corresponding connecting column. The several precast modules are arranged linearly.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the staggered arrangement of ring steel bars and horseshoe steel bars helps to strengthen the internal structural strength of the precast dock slab and prevents the precast dock slab from collapsing and breaking directly after being subjected to strong vibration and impact.

[0024] Preferably, the structure of the precast dock pier further includes several main bodies, one side of each main body is fixedly connected to one side of a corresponding stainless steel plate, and the multiple main bodies are arranged in a linear arrangement with one side of each main body fixedly connected to one side of a corresponding stainless steel plate.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the specifications of prefabricated door piers can be changed, so that prefabricated door piers made of different sizes can be used in dry docks with different construction requirements. The contact surface between the prefabricated door piers and the dock gate is inlaid with stainless steel plates, which can greatly improve the flatness of the sealing surface.

[0026] Preferably, each of the leveling devices includes two support modules, the interior of each support module is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the corresponding vertical annular steel bar, and serrated blocks are provided on the top and one side of each support module.

[0027] Preferably, each of the leveling devices has two support plates, each support plate has an adjusting bolt threaded inside, and each adjusting bolt has a receiving plate fixedly connected to its end.

[0028] Preferably, each of the leveling devices is provided with a support plate 2, and each support plate 2 is internally threaded with two adjusting bolts 2, and each adjusting bolt 2 is fixedly connected to a receiving plate 2 at its end.

[0029] Preferably, one part of the leveling device is located between the precast dock sill stone and the lower part of the dock sill's primary concrete pouring, while the other part of the leveling device is located between the precast dock pier stone and the main body of the dock pier's primary concrete pouring.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solutions, different leveling devices can be used to level and align the precast dock sills and precast dock piers according to the specific construction conditions. This facilitates the rapid leveling and alignment of the precast dock sills and precast dock piers through the leveling devices, which helps to reduce the construction period.

[0031] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] 1. In this invention, the concrete structure of the dry dock entrance is constructed using a layered and segmented pouring method. The precast dock sills and dock piers used in the construction of the dry dock entrance are all precast structures, which can be directly installed by pouring concrete during construction. The layered and segmented pouring method can effectively control temperature cracks in the main concrete of the dry dock entrance. The stainless steel panels embedded on the contact surfaces of the precast dock sills, precast dock piers and dock gate can greatly improve the flatness of the sealing surface. In addition, the precast structure can also effectively simplify the construction process and reduce construction costs. Through the leveling device, the precast dock sills and precast dock piers can be quickly leveled and aligned, strengthening the connection between the precast structure and the dock entrance, improving the airtightness of the dock entrance. When the dock gate is closed, the airtightness between the dock gate and the dock sills and dock piers is high, avoiding water seepage and leakage problems, and avoiding the phenomenon of high resource consumption and cost for remedial work.

[0033] 2. This invention utilizes a large number of prefabricated templates. The dock entrance structure template, prefabricated dock sill stones, and prefabricated dock pier stones are all made of prefabricated slabs. After the on-site reinforcement is erected, it is convenient to quickly assemble using lifting equipment, which helps to reduce the construction time of the overall structure and allows more time to prepare for severe weather. It avoids delays in construction progress due to severe weather such as strong winds, heavy rain, and extreme heat. Multiple prefabricated modules are connected by steel reinforcement binding and sleeves to form the dock entrance structure and the dock sill stone and dock pier stone structures. There is no need for major adjustments to the entire structure. Only the horizontal and vertical angles of one or a few templates that need to be adjusted need to be adjusted, which helps to reduce the construction difficulty and facilitates the rapid adjustment of prefabricated modules. The prefabricated modules are also suitable for mass production on assembly lines.

[0034] 3. In this invention, the main structure of the dry dock entrance is constructed in a layered and segmented manner from low to high. That is, the construction of the underground anti-seepage wall and drainage cushion layer of the dry dock is carried out first, then the drainage cushion layer of the dock sill is backfilled, the bottom sill concrete is poured, and finally the dock entrance structure cushion layer concrete is poured. The concrete of each segment rises continuously, which is conducive to simultaneous construction, simplifies the construction plan, and shortens the overall construction process. At the same time, the precast dock piers, which are connected to the dock pier main body to form the integral dock sill gate pier precast structure, can be constructed together with the dock pier main body in one-time concrete pouring, or they can be constructed separately. That is, the precast dock piers can be constructed first, or the dock pier main body can be constructed first in one-time concrete pouring. Different construction sequences can be selected according to the weather, materials and other conditions.

[0035] 4. In this invention, the vertical construction joint surfaces (including the post-cast strip surfaces) are sealed with quick-closing mesh and PVC waterstops are added. A PVC waterstop is also installed on the horizontal inter-layer construction joint surfaces, which helps to enhance the water-stopping effect and prevent "water seepage" and other sequelae from occurring on the vertical construction joint surfaces and the horizontal inter-layer construction joint surfaces. By using concrete mixer trucks, concrete pump trucks, plate vibrators, high-pressure screeding machines, flatbed trailers, water trucks, electric welding machines, and surface sprayers together with dock sills and dock piers, the cost of equipment and equipment transportation can be saved. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram illustrating the overall construction sequence of a prefabrication and installation method for a dry dock entrance according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a side view of the exploded structural diagram of the prefabricated dock sill stone in the prefabrication and installation method of the dry dock entrance of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a side view of the prefabricated dock sill stone in the prefabrication and installation method of the dry dock entrance of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling device in a prefabrication and installation method for a dry dock entrance according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated dock sill stone and the secondary pouring of the first-time poured concrete at the bottom of the dock sill in a prefabrication and installation method for a dry dock entrance according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the precast dock pier stone in the precast installation method of the dry dock entrance of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the precast dock pier stone and the dock pier body are connected by a single pour of concrete in a dry dock prefabrication and installation method of the present invention.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0044] 1. Precast modules; 2. Ring reinforcement; 3. Reinforcing bars; 4. Stainless steel plate;

[0045] 5. Leveling device; 51. Support plate one; 52. Adjusting bolt one; 53. Adjusting bolt two; 54. Support plate two; 55. Support module; 56. Serrated block; 57. Support plate one; 58. Support plate two;

[0046] 6. Foundation slab; 61. Side formwork; 62. Bottom formwork;

[0047] 7. Side formwork support assembly; 71. Side formwork support plate; 72. Fixing base; 73. Clamping bolts;

[0048] 8. Bottom formwork support assembly; 81. Top support frame; 82. Connecting frame; 83. Height adjustment bolts;

[0049] 9. Top screw; 91. Nut; 10. Main body;

[0050] 11. Fastening bolts; 12. Through holes; 13. Secondary concrete pouring; 14. Primary concrete pouring at the bottom of the dock sill;

[0051] 15. The main body of the dock pier is poured with concrete in one go. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-7 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0053] This invention discloses a method for prefabricating and installing the dock entrance of a dry dock.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 7 The operation includes the following steps;

[0055] Step A: Construction of the underground anti-seepage wall in the dry dock area. During the construction of the permanent anti-seepage wall, the foundation surfaces on both sides are excavated to the design elevation. The concrete at the top of the permanent anti-seepage wall that is contaminated by mud is removed. Construction of the inner drainage layer and the outer cushion layer concrete of the permanent anti-seepage wall. After the construction of the permanent anti-seepage wall, a waterstop is installed at the top of the permanent anti-seepage wall. The concrete at the dry dock is constructed in layers and sections. PVC waterstops are added along the outer contour of the cross section of the dock sill and outside the drainage corridor. The lower part of the dock sill is poured concrete in one go (14) and the main body of the dock pier is poured concrete in one go (15). The dock pier is the dock entrance pier. The formwork used in the layered and sectioned construction of the concrete at the dry dock is a precast structure.

[0056] Step B: Design and prefabricate dock sill stones and dock pier stones. According to the design requirements of the dry dock entrance, design and prefabricate dock sill stones and dock pier stones of different quantities and specifications.

[0057] Step C: Installation of precast dock sill stones and precast dock pier stones;

[0058] Step D: The dock sill and dock pier are connected as one unit, and the civil engineering and electromechanical installation of the dock sill structure and dock pier structure are integrated.

[0059] The construction of the dry dock entrance concrete in layers and sections requires the use of several metal embedded parts, several formwork, several side formwork, several steel pipes, several steel bars, and several stainless steel plates.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 The specific construction steps for the layered and segmented concrete construction of the dry dock entrance in step A include:

[0061] Construction is carried out in several pouring layers along the height of the dry dock entrance structure, and in several pouring sections along the width of the dry dock entrance structure.

[0062] The specific construction steps for the one-time pouring of concrete 14 at the lower part of the dock sill and the one-time pouring of concrete 15 at the main body of the dock pier in step A include: each pouring layer is set with several pouring sections, and a post-pouring section is left between each pouring section. The post-pouring section is poured to connect the corresponding pouring layer concrete into one piece. The vertical construction joint surface (including the vertical surface of the post-pouring strip) is sealed with quick-closing mesh and PVC waterstop is added. A PVC waterstop is set on the horizontal construction joint surface between layers, which helps to strengthen the water-stopping effect and prevent the appearance of sequelae such as "water seepage" on the vertical construction joint surface and the horizontal construction joint surface between layers.

[0063] Each pouring layer includes the construction of the pre-embedded steel bars for the walls and columns of the next layer during the steel bar binding process. After the metal structural components of the current layer are installed, concrete is poured, and then the construction of the next layer is carried out until the top layer is capped.

[0064] Reference Figure 1 The specific construction steps for designing and prefabricating dock embankment stones and prefabricated dock pier stones in step B include:

[0065] Design the structural drawings of the dock embankment and dock pier, and carry out concrete pouring construction of the dock embankment and dock pier according to the structural drawings to produce precast dock pier and dock pier.

[0066] Reference Figure 7 The specific construction steps for the installation of precast dock sill stones and precast dock pier stones in step C include:

[0067] 1) Customized leveling device 5 assists in the installation of precast dock sill stones and precast dock pier stones, and controls the leveling and alignment of precast dock sill stones and precast dock pier stones;

[0068] 2) Construction of the first-time pouring of concrete 14 at the lower part of the dock sill and the second-time pouring of concrete 13 after leveling the precast dock sill stones; construction of the first-time pouring of concrete 15 at the main body of the dock pier and the second-time pouring of concrete 13 after leveling the precast dock pier stones.

[0069] Each precast dock sill and each precast dock pier is equipped with a lifting lug at the top. Steel cables and other lifting ropes pass through the lug. Tower cranes and other lifting equipment lift the precast structure. When it is necessary to loosen the adjusting bolts 52 and 53 by half a thread or a few threads, the lifting equipment lifts the precast structure. After adjusting bolts 52 and 53 are adjusted, the precast structure below is lifted until it is completely leveled and aligned. Then the lifting lug is cut off, and secondary concrete 13 is poured. The leveled precast dock sill is connected to the primary concrete 14 at the bottom of the dock sill, and the leveled precast dock pier is connected to the primary concrete 15 of the dock pier body.

[0070] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 6 Both the precast dock sill and the precast dock pier structures include stainless steel plates 4. The precast dock sill structure also includes several precast modules 1. Each precast module 1 has several ring-shaped steel bars 2 and several stirrup steel bars 3 fixedly connected inside. Each ring-shaped steel bar 2 includes horizontal and vertical ring-shaped steel bars. A portion of the stainless steel plates 4 has several connecting columns fixedly connected to one side. The outer surface of each stirrup steel bar 3 is fixedly connected to the interior of the corresponding connecting column. The precast modules 1 are arranged linearly. Each leveling device... The top of each of the 5 is attached to the bottom of the corresponding precast module 1. Multiple precast modules 1 are connected to stainless steel plates 4 by reinforcing bars 3. Through a portion of the stainless steel plates 4, multiple precast modules 1 form an integral precast dock sill. Then, the precast dock sill is adjusted by the leveling device 5, thereby adjusting the angle between it and the concrete 14 poured at the bottom of the dock sill. This makes the precast dock sill fit the dry dock entrance better, and when the dock gate is closed, it strengthens the airtightness between the dry dock entrance and the dock gate.

[0071] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3The precast dock slab has a through hole 12 pre-drilled inside during its fabrication. The fastening bolt 11 is fixed during the construction of the first-time concrete pour 14 at the bottom of the dock slab. The fastening bolt 11 passes through the through hole 12 inside the precast dock slab, and the precast dock slab is then fastened to the first-time concrete pour 14 at the bottom of the dock slab by the fastening bolt. Two limiting plates are inserted into the outer surface of the fastening bolt 11. By tightening the nut, the nut is locked onto one side of the corresponding limiting plate. The fastening bolt 11 strengthens the connection between the precast dock slab and the first-time concrete pour 14 at the bottom of the dock slab.

[0072] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 The structure of the precast dock pier also includes several main bodies 10. One side of each main body 10 is fixedly connected to one side of a corresponding stainless steel plate 4. The contact surface between the precast dock pier and the dock gate is inlaid with stainless steel plates 4, which can greatly improve the flatness of the sealing surface. Multiple main bodies 10 are arranged linearly with one side fixedly connected to one side of a corresponding stainless steel plate 4. According to the construction requirements, the quantity and specifications of the precast dock pier are selected. First, a portion of the leveling devices 5 are placed on the one-time poured concrete 15 of the dock pier main body. Workers use lifting devices to lift the pier to be installed. One of the main bodies 10 is hoisted onto the top of the leveling device 5. The flatness between the main body 10 and the first-cast concrete 15 of the dock pier is checked. If it is not flat, the leveling device 5 is operated to level and align the main body 10 until it is leveled. The next layer of main body 10 is hoisted onto the top of the leveled main body 10. Then, the second-cast concrete 13 is poured between the main body 10 of this layer and the first-cast concrete 15 of the dock pier. This cycle is repeated until the precast dock pier stone and the first-cast concrete 15 of the dock pier are sealed.

[0073] Reference Figure 3 Each leveling device 5 includes two support modules 55. Each support module 55 is a cement mortar pad. The interior of each support module 55 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the corresponding vertical ring steel bar. Each support module 55 has a serrated block 56 on its top and one side. The top of the serrated block 56 is placed on the bottom of the corresponding main body 10 and precast module 1. The main body 10 and precast module 1 are aligned by grinding the serrated block 56 of the support module 55, that is, grinding the top and surrounding serrated blocks 56 of the cement mortar pad. After leveling and alignment, concrete is poured between the ground serrated block 56 and the main body 10 and precast module 1.

[0074] Reference Figure 4Each leveling device 5 has two support plates 51. Each support plate 51 has an adjusting bolt 52 threaded inside. Each adjusting bolt 52 has a receiving plate 57 fixedly connected to its end. When the top of the receiving plate 57 and the top of the receiving plate 54 are placed at the bottom of the corresponding main body 10 and prefabricated module 1, the adjusting bolt 52 or adjusting bolt 53 is turned by half a screw or a few screws to adjust the height of a part of the main body 10 and prefabricated module 1.

[0075] Reference Figure 5 Each leveling device 5 is equipped with a support plate 2 58. Each support plate 2 58 has two adjusting bolts 2 53 threaded inside. Each adjusting bolt 2 53 has a receiving plate 2 54 fixedly connected to its end. When multiple main bodies 10 and multiple prefabricated modules 1 are used to form prefabricated dock sill stones and prefabricated dock pier stone structures, using support plate 2 58 for leveling and alignment can save raw materials compared to using receiving plate 1 57. Using receiving plate 1 57 for leveling and alignment, compared to using support plate 2 58, allows for small-scale adjustment of the angle between the prefabricated dock sill stone and the lower part of the dock sill concrete 14 and the prefabricated dock pier stone and the main body of the dock pier concrete 15 in multiple areas, making the angle adjustment zones of the prefabricated dock sill stone and prefabricated dock pier stone more specific and precise.

[0076] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 One part of the leveling device 5 is located between the precast dock sill stone and the first-cast concrete 14 at the bottom of the dock sill, and the other part of the leveling device 5 is located between the precast dock pier stone and the first-cast concrete 15 at the main body of the dock pier. After the leveling device 5 levels the precast dock sill stone and the first-cast concrete 14 at the bottom of the dock sill and the precast dock pier stone and the first-cast concrete 15 at the main body of the dock pier, the second-cast concrete 13 is poured into the corresponding structure. The cement mortar of the same grade as the concrete is laid at the junction of the new and old concrete to ensure that the bottom corner line is straight and to avoid the phenomenon of rotten roots.

[0077] The concrete construction of the dry dock entrance structure mainly utilizes the construction roads already formed during the excavation. The foundation pits are lowered from both sides of the dry dock cofferdam and then connected within the foundation pits to form a single-loop construction road, which helps to reduce time consumption.

[0078] Concrete equipment includes concrete mixer trucks, concrete pump trucks, power trowels, vibrators, plate vibrators, and high-pressure screeding machines; lifting equipment includes truck cranes and tower cranes; transportation equipment includes flatbed trailers and water trucks; other small equipment includes cutting machines, welding machines, and surface sprayers. Among these, the construction equipment such as concrete mixer trucks, concrete pump trucks, plate vibrators, high-pressure screeding machines, flatbed trailers, water trucks, welding machines, and surface sprayers are shared by the pump room, dock entrance structure, and dock sill, which helps to save capital costs and reduce transportation costs.

[0079] When pouring concrete in layers at the dock entrance of a dry dock, multiple concrete equipment can be used to pour multiple layers or sections simultaneously, which helps to shorten the overall construction process. This also allows for pouring concrete into different layers separately, and while curing any layer of concrete, other layers can be poured.

[0080] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for prefabricating and installing a dry dock entrance, characterized in that, The operation steps include the following; Step A: Construction of the underground seepage prevention wall in the dry dock area; layered and segmented concrete construction at the dry dock entrance; one-time concrete pouring construction of the lower part of the dock sill and one-time concrete pouring construction of the main body of the dock pier. Step B: Design and prefabricate dock sill stones and dock pier stones; Step C, installation of precast dock sill stones and precast dock pier stones, includes the following specific steps: 1) Customized leveling device (5) to assist in the installation of precast dock sill stones and precast dock pier stones, and to control the leveling and alignment of precast dock sill stones and precast dock pier stones; Each of the leveling devices (5) includes two support modules (55), the interior of each support module (55) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the corresponding vertical ring steel bar, and the top and one side of each support module (55) are provided with serrated blocks (56). Alternatively, each of the leveling devices (5) is provided with two support plates (51), each of the support plates (51) is threaded with an adjusting bolt (52), and each of the adjusting bolts (52) is fixedly connected to a receiving plate (57) at its end. 2) Construction of the first pouring of concrete for the lower part of the dock sill and the second pouring of concrete for the leveled precast dock sill stones; construction of the first pouring of concrete for the main body of the dock pier and the second pouring of concrete for the leveled precast dock pier stones. Step D: The dock sill and dock pier are connected as one unit, and the civil engineering and electromechanical installation of the dock sill structure and dock pier structure are integrated.

2. The method for prefabrication and installation of a dry dock entrance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific construction steps for the layered and segmented concrete construction of the dry dock entrance in step A include: Construction is carried out in several pouring layers along the height of the dry dock entrance structure, and in several pouring sections along the width of the dry dock entrance structure. The specific construction steps for the one-time concrete pouring of the lower part of the dock sill and the one-time concrete pouring of the main body of the dock pier in step A include: each pouring layer is provided with several pouring sections, and a post-pouring section is left between each pouring section; the post-pouring section is poured to connect the corresponding pouring layers of concrete into one piece.

3. The method for prefabrication and installation of a dry dock entrance according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific construction steps for designing and prefabricating dock embankment stones and prefabricated dock pier stones as described in step B include: Design the structural drawings of the dock embankment and dock pier, and carry out concrete pouring construction of the dock embankment and dock pier according to the structural drawings to produce precast dock pier and dock pier.

4. The method for prefabrication and installation of a dry dock entrance according to claim 3, characterized in that: The structure of the precast dock sill and the precast dock pier both include stainless steel plates (4). The structure of the precast dock sill also includes several precast modules (1). Each precast module (1) is fixedly connected with several ring steel bars (2) and several trestle steel bars (3). Each ring steel bar (2) includes horizontal ring steel bars and vertical ring steel bars. A portion of the stainless steel plates (4) are fixedly connected to several connecting columns on one side. The outer surface of each trestle steel bar (3) is fixedly connected to the interior of the corresponding connecting column. The several precast modules (1) are arranged linearly.

5. The method for prefabrication and installation of a dry dock entrance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The structure of the precast dock pier also includes several main bodies (10), one side of each main body (10) is fixedly connected to one side of the corresponding stainless steel plate (4), and the multiple main bodies (10) are all fixedly connected to one side of the corresponding stainless steel plate (4) in a linear arrangement.

6. The method for prefabrication and installation of a dry dock entrance according to claim 1, characterized in that: One part of the leveling device (5) is located between the precast dock sill stone and the first-time poured concrete of the lower part of the dock sill, and the other part of the leveling device (5) is located between the precast dock pier stone and the first-time poured concrete of the dock pier body.

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