An electronic device

Abstract

This application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna's isolation bandwidth can be extended through a T-shaped circuit arranged between two feed points to meet communication requirements. The antenna includes a first inductor, a second inductor, and a capacitor. The first and second inductors are connected in series between the two feed points of the antenna. One end of the capacitor is located between the first and second inductors, and the other end of the capacitor is grounded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, second-generation (2G) mobile communication systems primarily supported voice calls. Electronic devices were simply tools for sending and receiving text messages and communicating via voice. Wireless internet access was extremely slow because data transmission relied on voice channels. Nowadays, in addition to making calls, sending text messages, and taking photos, electronic devices can be used for online music streaming, watching online movies, and real-time video, covering a wide range of applications in people's lives, including communication, entertainment, and e-commerce. Many of these applications require wireless networks for uploading and downloading data; therefore, high-speed data transmission has become extremely important.

[0003] Among numerous studies, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems are a widely adopted core technology. MIMO systems can simultaneously possess spatial diversity and spatial multiplexing, improving the spectral efficiency of communication systems by leveraging the spatial freedom provided by multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver, thereby achieving the goals of improving communication quality and increasing transmission rates. Currently, implementing multiple antennas for Long Term Evolution (LTE) / Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) MIMO systems within the increasingly compact layout of electronic devices presents significant challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna can extend its isolation bandwidth through a T-shaped circuit arranged between two feed points to meet communication needs.

[0005] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: an antenna including a radiator, the radiator including a first feed point and a second feed point; a ground plane, the antenna being grounded through the ground plane; wherein the antenna further comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first feed unit and a second feed unit, a first terminal of the first capacitor being electrically connected to the radiator at the first feed point, a second terminal of the first capacitor being electrically connected to the first feed unit, a first terminal of the second capacitor being electrically connected to the radiator at the second feed point, and a second terminal of the second capacitor being electrically connected to the second feed unit; the antenna further comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a third capacitor, a first terminal of the first inductor being located between the second terminal of the first capacitor and the first feed unit, the second terminal of the first inductor being electrically connected to the first terminal of the second inductor, the second terminal of the second inductor being located between the second terminal of the second capacitor and the second feed unit, a first terminal of the third capacitor being located between the second terminal of the first inductor and the first terminal of the second inductor, and a second terminal of the third capacitor being grounded.

[0006] According to embodiments of this application, the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode in the antenna can be adjusted using a first inductor and a second inductor connected in series. The impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode in the antenna can be adjusted using a third capacitor. Therefore, by adjusting the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode in the antenna using the first inductor and the second inductor connected in series, and by adjusting the impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode in the antenna using the third capacitor, the impedance curves corresponding to the CM mode and the DM mode are brought closer together, thereby improving the bandwidth of the antenna's isolation.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the capacitance value L1 of the first inductor satisfies: 1nH≤L1≤8nH; and / or, the capacitance value L2 of the second inductor satisfies: 1nH≤L2≤8nH; and / or, the capacitance value C3 of the third capacitor satisfies: 0.1pF≤C3≤5pF.

[0008] According to the embodiments of this application, for the sake of brevity, this application only uses the above-mentioned 5G frequency band as an example for explanation. In actual applications, the capacitance value of the capacitor and the inductance value of the inductor can be adjusted according to design requirements.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first feed point and the second feed point are symmetrical along the virtual axis of the radiator; the lengths of the radiators on both sides of the virtual axis are the same.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the inductance value of the first inductor is the same as the inductance value of the second inductor.

[0011] According to embodiments of this application, as the symmetry of the antenna structure increases, the antenna's radiation characteristics (e.g., bandwidth) improve accordingly.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, when the first feeding unit is powered, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, the resonant frequency of the first resonance being lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance; when the second feeding unit is powered, the antenna generates a third resonance and a fourth resonance, the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the third resonance being the same, and the resonant frequency bands of the second resonance and the fourth resonance being the same.

[0013] According to the embodiments of this application, the first feeding unit indirectly couples the fed-in electrical signal through the first capacitor, enabling the first antenna unit to operate in two different modes and generate two resonances, thereby expanding the antenna's operating bandwidth. The situation can be understood similarly, where the second feeding unit indirectly couples the fed-in electrical signal through the second capacitor.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF; and / or, the capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.

[0015] According to the embodiments of this application, this application only uses the above-mentioned 5G frequency band as an example for explanation. In actual applications, the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor and the second capacitor can be adjusted according to design requirements to adjust the electrical signal fed into the radiator.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor and a distributed capacitor; the second capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor and a distributed capacitor.

[0017] According to the embodiments of this application, the form of the first capacitor and the second capacitor can be adjusted according to the internal layout of the electronic device, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first capacitor includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer, the first metal layer and the second metal layer being spaced apart along a first direction, and the projections of the first metal layer and the second metal layer along the first direction onto the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlapping; the first metal layer is electrically connected to the radiator at a first feed point, and the second metal layer is electrically connected to the first feed unit; the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane where the floor is located. The second capacitor includes a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer, the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer being spaced apart along the first direction, and the projections of the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer along the first direction onto the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlapping; the third metal layer is electrically connected to the radiator at a second feed point, and the fourth metal layer is electrically connected to the second feed unit. A first end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer; a second end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the fourth metal layer.

[0019] According to the embodiments of this application, the radiation characteristics of the antenna can be adjusted by controlling the electrical parameters of the first capacitor (e.g., the relative permittivity of the dielectric filling between the first metal layer 1311 and the second metal layer 1312) or the electrical parameters of the second capacitor.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the operating frequency band of the antenna includes at least a portion of the following frequency bands: 3300MHz-42000MHz, 3300MHz-3800MHz, or 4400MHz-5000MHz.

[0021] According to embodiments of this application, the operating frequency band of the antenna may include at least a portion of the frequency bands selected from N77 (3300MHz-42000MHz), N78 (3300MHz-3800MHz), or N79 (4400MHz-5000MHz).

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes: a conductive frame having a first position and a second position, the frame having a first gap at the first position and a second gap at the second position, the frame between the first position and the second position being a first frame, and the first frame serving as the radiator.

[0023] According to embodiments of this application, the antenna can be a frame antenna within an electronic device.

[0024] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: an antenna including a radiator, the radiator including a slot, a first feed point and a second feed point, the slot being disposed between the first feed point and the second feed point; a ground plane, the antenna being grounded through the ground plane; wherein the antenna further comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first feed unit and a second feed unit, a first terminal of the first capacitor being electrically connected to the radiator at the first feed point, a second terminal of the first capacitor being electrically connected to the first feed unit, a first terminal of the second capacitor being electrically connected to the radiator at the second feed point, and a second terminal of the second capacitor being electrically connected to the second feed unit; the antenna further comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a third capacitor, a first terminal of the first inductor being located between the second terminal of the first capacitor and the first feed unit, the second terminal of the first inductor being electrically connected to the first terminal of the second inductor, the second terminal of the second inductor being located between the second terminal of the second capacitor and the second feed unit, a first terminal of the third capacitor being located between the second terminal of the first inductor and the first terminal of the second inductor, and a second terminal of the third capacitor being grounded.

[0025] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the capacitance value L1 of the first inductor satisfies: 1nH≤L1≤8nH; and / or, the capacitance value L2 of the second inductor satisfies: 1nH≤L2≤8nH; and / or, the capacitance value C3 of the third capacitor satisfies: 0.1pF≤C3≤5pF.

[0026] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first feed point and the second feed point are symmetrical along the virtual axis of the radiator; the lengths of the radiators on both sides of the virtual axis are the same.

[0027] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the gap is located in the central region of the radiator.

[0028] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the inductance value of the first inductor is the same as the inductance value of the second inductor.

[0029] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, when the first feeding unit is powered, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, the resonant frequency of the first resonance being lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance; when the second feeding unit is powered, the antenna generates a third resonance and a fourth resonance, the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the third resonance being the same, and the resonant frequency bands of the second resonance and the fourth resonance being the same.

[0030] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF; and / or, the capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.

[0031] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor and a distributed capacitor; the second capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor and a distributed capacitor.

[0032] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first capacitor includes a first metal layer, one end of which is electrically connected to the first feeding unit, and the first metal layer is indirectly coupled to the radiator at the first feeding point; the second capacitor includes a second metal layer, one end of which is electrically connected to the second feeding unit, and the second metal layer is indirectly coupled to the radiator at the second feeding point; a first end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first metal layer; and a second end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer.

[0033] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the operating frequency band of the antenna includes at least a portion of the following frequency bands: 3300MHz-42000MHz, 3300MHz-3800MHz, or 4400MHz-5000MHz.

[0034] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes: a conductive frame having a first position and a second position, the frame being grounded at the first position and the second position, the frame between the first position and the second position being a first frame, and the first frame serving as the radiator. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of a linear antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of a linear antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution.

[0038] Figure 4 This is the structure of the common-mode of the slot antenna provided in this application, and the corresponding distribution diagrams of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0039] Figure 5This is the structure of the differential mode of the slot antenna provided in this application, and the corresponding distribution diagrams of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure.

[0041] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in (a) are shown in the figure.

[0042] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in (b) are shown in the figure.

[0043] Figure 9 yes Figure 6 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in (c) are shown in the figure.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of current distribution provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of current distribution provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed capacitor provided in the embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another electronic device 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a set of antennas provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (a) are shown in the figure.

[0051] Figure 17 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna are shown in (b) above.

[0052] Figure 18 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (c) are shown in the figure.

[0053] Figure 19 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (d) are shown in the figure.

[0054] Figure 20 yes Figure 15 The simulation results of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna are shown in (d) in the figure.

[0055] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the impedance curve provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0057] Figure 23 yes Figure 21 The S-parameters of the antenna in the electronic device 200 shown.

[0058] Figure 24 yes Figure 21 The impedance curve of the antenna in the electronic device 200 shown.

[0059] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a set of antennas provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0060] Figure 26 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (a) are shown in the figure.

[0061] Figure 27 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna are shown in (b) above.

[0062] Figure 28 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (c) are shown in the figure.

[0063] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device 300 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0064] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0065] Figure 31 yes Figure 29 The antenna shown and Figure 30 The S-parameters of the antenna shown are given.

[0066] Figure 32 yes Figure 29 The antenna shown and Figure 30 The impedance curve of the antenna is shown from 2.5 GHz to 3 GHz.

[0067] Figure 33 yes Figure 29 The antenna shown and Figure 30 The impedance curve of the antenna is shown from 4.8 GHz to 5.8 GHz. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The following explains the terminology that may appear in the embodiments of this application.

[0069] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as a direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through a gap / non-contact method. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0070] Connection / linking: can refer to a mechanical or physical connection. For example, A and B being connected or linked can mean that there are fasteners (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or that A and B are in contact with each other and are difficult to separate.

[0071] Capacitor: can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitor elements; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive components separated by a certain gap.

[0072] Resonant / Resonant Frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. It refers to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna's input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency can have a range, that is, the range of frequencies where resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the point of strongest resonance is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic at the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0073] Resonant band / communication band / operating band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating band.

[0074] Electrical length: can be the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. Electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0075]

[0076] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0077] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency from 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0078] The definitions of position and distance mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "middle" or "middle position," are all relative to the current technological level, and not absolutely strict definitions in a mathematical sense. For example, the middle (position) of a conductor can be a section of the conductor including its midpoint, or a section of the conductor including its midpoint that is one-eighth of a wavelength. The wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point. As another example, the middle (position) of a conductor can be a section of the conductor that is less than a predetermined threshold (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint.

[0079] The limitations mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as symmetry (e.g., axial symmetry, or central symmetry), parallelism, perpendicularity, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.), are all relative to the current technological level, and are not absolutely strict definitions in a mathematical sense. For example, there may be a predetermined angle (e.g., ±5°, ±10°) deviation between two mutually parallel or perpendicular antenna elements.

[0080] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated into space by an antenna (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power - loss power; loss power mainly includes return loss power and ohmic loss power of metals and / or dielectric loss power. Radiation efficiency is a measure of an antenna's radiation capability; metal loss and dielectric loss are both factors affecting radiation efficiency.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, and there is a corresponding conversion relationship between it and dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0082] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port after passing through the antenna circuit to the transmit power at the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the higher the antenna's radiation efficiency. Conversely, the larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0083] Antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S-parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, and this parameter characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually negative. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, the less energy the antenna reflects back, which means more energy actually enters the antenna, and the higher the antenna's system efficiency. Conversely, the larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss, and the lower the antenna's system efficiency.

[0084] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as the standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, the antenna can be considered to be working normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0085] Ground, or floor: can refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, ground plane, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding components. "Ground" can be used for grounding components within an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board in an electronic device, or a grounding metal layer formed by a ground plane formed within the frame of the electronic device or a metal film formed beneath the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or components separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass or polymers. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a trace layer, with the trace layer and grounding layer electrically connected via vias. In one embodiment, components such as displays, touchscreens, input buttons, transmitters, processors, memory, batteries, charging circuits, and system-on-chip (SoC) architectures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board; or electrically connected to trace layers and / or ground layers in the circuit board. For example, an RF source is disposed on a trace layer.

[0086] Ideal electric conductor (PEC): On the surface of an ideal electric conductor, all electric fields are perpendicular to the PEC (and all magnetic fields are parallel to the PMC).

[0087] Ideal magnetic conductor (PMC): On the surface of an ideal magnetic conductor, all magnetic fields are perpendicular to the PMC (and all electric fields are parallel to the PMC).

[0088] It should be understood that the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances (also referred to as the same frequency, identical) mentioned in this article can be understood as any of the following:

[0089] The resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances include the same communication frequency band. For example, the first and second resonances can be applied to a MIMO antenna system. Since both the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances include the sub-6G frequency band in 5G, it can be considered that the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances are at the same frequency.

[0090] The resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances partially overlap. For example, the resonant frequency band of the first resonance includes B35 (1.85-1.91GHz) in LTE, and the resonant frequency band of the second resonance includes B39 (1.88-1.92GHz) in LTE. Since the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances partially overlap, it can be considered that the resonant frequency bands of the first and second resonances are at the same frequency.

[0091] Any of the aforementioned grounding layers, ground planes, or grounding metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin-plated copper, graphite-impregnated cloth, graphite-coated substrates, copper-plated substrates, brass-plated substrates, and aluminum-plated substrates. Those skilled in the art will understand that grounding layers / ground planes / grounding metal layers may also be made of other conductive materials.

[0092] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0093] like Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 may be a glass cover, but it may also be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass cover, a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) cover, etc.

[0094] The cover plate 13 can be set close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used to protect the display module 15 from dust.

[0095] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0096] The middle frame 19 mainly serves to support the entire machine. Figure 1 The diagram shows PCB 17 positioned between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, PCB 17 may also be positioned between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this application does not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric substrate, Rogers dielectric substrate, or a hybrid dielectric substrate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a designation for a flame-retardant material grade, and Rogers dielectric substrate is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. This metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, or for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. This metal layer can be called a ground plane, grounding plate, or grounding layer. In one embodiment, this metal layer can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any dielectric substrate in PCB 17. In one embodiment, the grounding metal layer can be located on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered as the edge of its ground plane. In one embodiment, the metal frame 19 can also be used for grounding the aforementioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other ground planes / grounding layers, as previously described, and will not be repeated here.

[0097] The electronic device 10 may also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15; this embodiment does not limit this. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a motherboard and a daughterboard, and the battery may be disposed between the motherboard and the daughterboard. The motherboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the daughterboard may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0098] The electronic device 10 may also include a bezel 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The bezel 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help secure the display module 15. In one implementation, the bezel 11 made of metal can be directly used as the metal bezel of the electronic device 10, forming a metal bezel appearance suitable for industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the outer surface of the bezel 11 may also be made of a non-metallic material, such as a plastic bezel, forming a non-metallic bezel appearance suitable for non-metallic ID.

[0099] The middle frame 19 may include the frame 11. The middle frame 19, including the frame 11, is a single unit that supports the electronic components in the device. The cover plate 13 and the rear cover 21 respectively cover the upper and lower edges of the frame to form the housing of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, and / or the middle frame 19 may be collectively referred to as the housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "housing" may refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19, or to any combination of the cover plate 13, the rear cover 21, the frame 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0100] The border 11 on the middle frame 19 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. This portion of the border serving as the radiator can have gaps between it and the rest of the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring a good radiation environment for the antenna radiator. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 can have an aperture at this portion of the border serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.

[0101] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to and integrally formed with the middle frame 19. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include inwardly extending protrusions to connect with the middle frame 19, for example, by means of spring clips, screws, welding, etc. The protrusions of the frame 11 can also be used to receive feed signals, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 acts as a radiator of the antenna to transmit / receive radio frequency signals. A gap may exist between this portion of the frame acting as the radiator and the middle frame 30, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, enabling the antenna to have good signal transmission capabilities.

[0102] The back cover 21 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive material, such as glass or plastic; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials.

[0103] The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be disposed within the frame 11. When the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 is made of a non-conductive material, the antenna radiator can be located within the electronic device 10 and positioned along the frame 11. For example, the antenna radiator can be positioned close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and to be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10, thereby achieving better signal transmission performance. It should be noted that "positioning the antenna radiator close to the frame 11" means that the antenna radiator can be positioned flush against the frame 11 or close to the frame 11, for example, there can be a small gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11.

[0104] The antenna of electronic device 10 can also be housed inside the casing, such as a bracket antenna, millimeter-wave antenna, etc. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). The clearance of the antenna disposed within the housing can be obtained by a slot / aperture on any of the middle frame, and / or side frame, and / or back cover, and / or display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of them. The clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation performance of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive components within the electronic device 10, through which the antenna radiates signals to the external space. In one embodiment, the antenna 40 can be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), etc. In one embodiment, the antenna can also be a transparent structure embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10, making the antenna a transparent antenna unit embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10.

[0105] Figure 1 The electronic device 10 is shown only schematically, and the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0106] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the side where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front, the side where the back cover is located as the back, and the side where the frame is located as the side.

[0107] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, when a user holds (typically vertically and facing the screen) an electronic device, the orientation of the electronic device is considered to have a top, bottom, left side, and right side.

[0108] First, by Figures 2 to 5 This application will cover four antenna modes. Among them, Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of a linear antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of another line antenna provided in this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the common-mode structure of a slot antenna provided in this application, and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the differential mode structure of another slot antenna provided in this application, and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0109] 1. Common mode (CM) of a linear antenna

[0110] Figure 2 Figure (a) shows the radiator of the line antenna 40 connected to ground (e.g., a floor, which could be a PCB) via a feed line 42. The line antenna 40 is connected to a feed element (not shown) at a midpoint 41, employing symmetrical feeding. The feed element can be connected to the midpoint 41 of the line antenna 40 via the feed line 42. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feed element being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feed element and the radiator (the feed point) is located at the center of the radiator, which could be, for example, the midpoint of the assembly structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or a region within a certain range near the aforementioned midpoint).

[0111] The middle position 41 of the line antenna 40 may be, for example, the geometric center of the line antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, such as the connection point between the feed line 42 and the line antenna 40, which covers the middle position 41.

[0112] Figure 2 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 40. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the current exhibits an opposite distribution on both sides of the middle position 41, for example, a symmetrical distribution; the electric field exhibits a unidirectional distribution on both sides of the middle position 41. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 42 exhibits a unidirectional distribution. Based on the unidirectional current distribution at feeder line 42, Figure 2 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called the CM feed for a wire antenna. This is based on the symmetrical distribution of current on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 42. Figure 2 The line antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the CM mode of the line antenna (or simply the CM line antenna). Figure 2 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field of the CM mode of the linear antenna, respectively.

[0113] The current and electric field in CM mode of the line antenna are generated by the two stubs (e.g., two horizontal stubs) on either side of the center position 41 of the line antenna 40 as an antenna operating in quarter-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the center position 41 of the line antenna 40 and weak at both ends of the line antenna 40. The electric field is weak at the center position 41 of the line antenna 40 and strong at both ends of the line antenna 40.

[0114] 2. Differential mode (DM) of a linear antenna

[0115] like Figure 3 Image (a) shows two radiators of a line antenna 50 connected to ground (e.g., a floor, which could be a PCB) via a feed line 52. The line antenna 50 has a feed element at a midpoint 51 between the two radiators, employing an anti-symmetrical feed. One end of the feed element is connected to one of the radiators via the feed line 52, and the other end is connected to the other radiator via the feed line 52. The midpoint 51 can be the geometric center of the line antenna, or the gap formed between the radiators.

[0116] It should be understood that the "center-antisymmetric feeding" mentioned in this application can be interpreted as the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit being connected to two connection points near the midpoint of the radiator. The signals output from the positive and negative poles of the feeding unit have the same amplitude but opposite phase, for example, a phase difference of 180°±10°.

[0117] Figure 3 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 50. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current in the linear antenna 50 is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 51, for example, an asymmetrical distribution; the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 51. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the current at feeder line 52 exhibits a reverse distribution. Based on the reverse current distribution at feeder line 52, Figure 3 The type of feed shown in (a) can be called a DM feed for a wire antenna. This is based on the fact that the current exhibits an asymmetrical distribution (e.g., unidirectional distribution) on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 52. Figure 3 The line antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the DM mode of the line antenna (or simply the DM line antenna). Figure 3 The current and electric field shown in (b) can be referred to as the current and electric field of the DM mode of the wire antenna, respectively.

[0118] The current and electric field of the line antenna in DM mode are generated by the entire line antenna 50 operating in half-wavelength mode. The current is strong at the middle position 51 of the line antenna 50 and weak at both ends. The electric field is weak at the middle position 51 of the line antenna 50 and strong at both ends.

[0119] It should be understood that the radiator of a linear antenna can be considered as a metal structural component that generates radiation, and its quantity can be one, such as... Figure 2 As shown, or, it can be two items, such as Figure 3 As shown, adjustments can be made according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the CM mode of a wire antenna, it can also be adjusted as follows: Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the use of two radiators, positioned opposite each other with a gap between them. Symmetrical feeding is employed at the two ends closest to each other; for example, feeding the same feed source signal into both ends of the two radiators can achieve the same result as... Figure 2 The antenna structure shown achieves a similar effect. Correspondingly, for the DM mode of a line antenna, it can also be done as follows... Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a radiator with two feed points positioned at its center, using an anti-symmetrical feeding method. For example, by feeding signals of the same amplitude but opposite phase to the two symmetrical feed points on the radiator, a signal similar to [the one described above] can be obtained. Figure 3 The antenna structure shown has a similar effect.

[0120] 3. CM mode of slot antenna

[0121] Figure 4 The slot antenna 60 shown in (a) can be formed by having a slot or gap 61 in the radiator of the slot antenna, or it can be formed by the radiator of the slot antenna and ground (e.g., a floor, which can be a PCB) enclosing the slot or slot 61. The slot 61 can be formed by slotting in the floor. An opening 62 is provided on one side of the slot 61, and the opening 62 can be specifically located at the middle position of that side. The middle position of this side of the slot 61 can be, for example, the geometric midpoint of the slot antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, the area where the opening 62 is located on the radiator covers the middle position of this side. A feed unit can be connected to the opening 62, and an antisymmetric feed is used. It should be understood that antisymmetric feed can be understood as the positive and negative poles of the feed unit being connected to the two ends of the radiator, respectively. The signal amplitudes output by the positive and negative poles of the feed unit are the same, but the phases are opposite, for example, the phase difference is 180°±10°.

[0122] Figure 4 (b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the slot antenna 60. Figure 4As shown in (b), the current is unidirectionally distributed around slot 61 on the conductors (such as the floor and / or radiator 60) surrounding slot 61, the electric field is oppositely distributed on both sides of the middle position of slot 61, and the magnetic current is oppositely distributed on both sides of the middle position of slot 61. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the electric field at opening 62 (e.g., the feed point) is in the same direction, and the magnetic current at opening 62 (e.g., the feed point) is also in the same direction. Based on the fact that the magnetic current at opening 62 (the feed point) is in the same direction, Figure 4 The feeding method shown in (a) can be called slot antenna CM feeding. This is based on the asymmetric distribution (e.g., unidirectional distribution) of the current on the radiators on both sides of the opening 62, or on the unidirectional distribution of the current around the slot 61 on the conductor surrounding the slot 61. Figure 4 The slot antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the CM mode of the slot antenna (or simply CM slot antenna or CM slot antenna). Figure 4 The electric field, current, and magnetic current distribution shown in (b) can be referred to as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the CM mode of the slot antenna.

[0123] The current and electric field in CM mode of the slot antenna are generated by the slot antenna elements on both sides of the middle position of the slot antenna 60 as an antenna operating in half-wavelength mode. The magnetic field is weak at the middle position of the slot antenna 60 and strong at both ends of the slot antenna 60. The electric field is strong at the middle position of the slot antenna 60 and weak at both ends of the slot antenna 60.

[0124] 4. DM mode of slot antenna

[0125] like Figure 5 The slot antenna 70 shown in (a) can be formed by having a slot or gap 72 in the radiator of the slot antenna, or it can be formed by the radiator of the slot antenna and ground (e.g., a floor, which can be a PCB) enclosing the slot or slot 72. The slot 72 can be formed by slotting in the floor. A feed unit is connected at the middle position 71 of the slot 72, and symmetrical feeding is used. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feed unit being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feed unit and the radiator (feed point) is located at the center of the radiator, which can be, for example, the midpoint of the assembly structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or a certain range near the aforementioned midpoint). The positive terminal of the feed unit is connected at the middle position of one side of the slot 72, and the negative terminal of the feed unit is connected at the middle position of the other side of the slot 72. The middle position of the side of slot 72 can be, for example, the middle position of slot antenna 60 / the middle position of ground, such as the geometric midpoint of slot antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of radiator, such as the middle position 51 of the side covered by the connection between the feed unit and the radiator.

[0126] Figure 5(b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the slot antenna 70. Figure 5 As shown in (b), on the conductors (such as the floor and / or radiator 60) surrounding slot 72, the current is distributed around slot 72, and the current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 71. The electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71, and the magnetic current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71. The magnetic current at the feed unit is distributed in opposite directions (not shown). Based on the opposite magnetic current distribution at the feed unit, Figure 5 The type of feeding shown in (a) can be referred to as slot antenna DM feeding. This is based on the current exhibiting a symmetrical distribution (e.g., reverse distribution) on both sides of the connection between the feed element and the radiator, or based on the current exhibiting a symmetrical distribution (e.g., reverse distribution) around slot 71. Figure 5 The slot antenna mode shown in (b) can be called the DM mode of the slot antenna (or simply DM slot antenna or DM slot antenna). Figure 5 The electric field, current, and magnetic current distribution shown in (b) can be referred to as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the slot antenna in DM mode.

[0127] The current and electric field in DM mode of the slot antenna are generated by the entire slot antenna 70 operating in one-wavelength mode. The current is weak at the middle of the slot antenna 70 and strong at both ends. The electric field is strong at the middle of the slot antenna 70 and weak at both ends.

[0128] In the field of antennas, antennas operating in CM mode and DM mode typically have high isolation. However, CM and DM mode antennas often operate in single-mode resonance, making it difficult to cover the numerous frequency bands required for communication. Especially with the decreasing space available for antenna structures in electronic devices, MIMO systems require a single antenna structure to achieve coverage of multiple frequency bands. Therefore, antennas with multi-mode resonance and high isolation have significant research and practical value.

[0129] It should be understood that the radiator of a slot antenna can be understood as a metal structural component that generates radiation (e.g., including a portion of the floor), and may include openings, such as... Figure 4 As shown, or it could be a complete ring, such as Figure 5 As shown, adjustments can be made according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the CM mode of a slot antenna, it can also be as follows: Figure 5 The diagram shows a complete annular radiator. Two feed points are positioned in the middle of the radiator on one side of slot 61, using an anti-symmetrical feeding method. For example, signals with the same amplitude but opposite phase can be fed into both ends of the original opening position to obtain signals similar to those shown. Figure 4 The antenna structure shown achieves a similar effect. Correspondingly, for the DM mode of the slot antenna, it can also be done as follows... Figure 4The diagram shows a radiator with an opening, and symmetrical feeding at both ends of the opening. For example, the same feed source signal can be fed into both ends of the radiator on both sides of the opening to obtain the same signal. Figure 5 The antenna structure shown has a similar effect.

[0130] Since the above antenna structures can generate two operating modes (the electric field is orthogonal (the electric field product in the far field is zero, which is an integral orthogonal distribution)) with symmetrical or antisymmetric electric field distribution, the isolation between the two operating modes of this antenna structure is good, and it can be applied to multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna systems in electronic devices.

[0131] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure.

[0132] It should be understood that the above-mentioned CM mode and DM mode can be generated by different feeding methods, so antennas operating in CM mode and DM mode can have good isolation.

[0133] like Figure 6 As shown in (a), by utilizing the CM and DM modes described above, when two feed points are simultaneously fed with electrical signals, although part of the radiator is reused, good isolation can still be maintained between the two feed points. Figure 7 As shown in (a), with S11 / S22 < -10dB as the boundary, the bandwidth of the first antenna element (the antenna element formed when an electrical signal is fed into feed port 1) and the second antenna element (the antenna element formed when an electrical signal is fed into feed port 2) is approximately 600MHz, and the isolation (S21 < -10dB) is approximately 1GHz. This cannot meet the communication requirements of N77 (3300MHz-42000MHz), N78 (3300MHz-3800MHz), or N79 (4400MHz-5000MHz) in 5G. In the communication frequency band, the mutual influence between the first and second antenna elements is significant, making it unsuitable for MIMO systems. Figure 7 As shown in (b) in the figure, the impedance curves corresponding to CM mode and DM mode in the antenna structure are far apart.

[0134] like Figure 6 As shown in (b) and (c) in the figure, in Figure 6 Based on the antenna structure shown in (a), the center of the radiator is directly grounded, or grounded through a capacitor. However, in this structure, the impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode changes, but the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode is not improved, such as... Figure 8 As shown in (b) (corresponding to) Figure 6Antenna shown in (b) and Figure 9 As shown in (b) (corresponding to) Figure 6 (The antenna shown in (c)). Furthermore, it doesn't significantly improve bandwidth (S11 / S22), as... Figure 8 As shown in (a) (corresponding to) Figure 6 Antenna shown in (b) and Figure 9 As shown in (a) (corresponding to) Figure 6 Antenna shown in (c)).

[0135] Therefore, in Figure 6 The antenna structure shown cannot provide a large isolation bandwidth (e.g., S21 < -10dB). In the 5G frequency band (e.g., N77 (3300MHz-42000MHz), N78 (3300MHz-3800MHz) or N79 (4400MHz-5000MHz)), the isolation between the first antenna element and the second antenna element cannot meet the communication requirements across the entire frequency band.

[0136] This application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna uses a portion of the conductive frame of the electronic device as the radiator. The isolation bandwidth of the antenna can be extended by a T-shaped circuit arranged between the two feed points of the antenna to meet communication needs.

[0137] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0138] like Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device may include a floor 110, a frame 11, and an antenna 120.

[0139] The frame 11 has a first position 101 and a second position 102. A first gap 103 is provided at the first position 101, and a second gap 104 is provided at the second position 102. The frame 11 between the first position 101 and the second position 102 is a first frame 105. The first frame 105 includes a grounding point 106, which is located in the central region of the first frame 105.

[0140] For the sake of brevity, this embodiment uses only a portion of the electronic device's frame as the radiator and the antenna 120 as a frame antenna for illustration. In practical applications, the radiator of the antenna 120 can also be any metal component within the electronic device, such as a metal component on the device's bracket, or a metal component mounted on the back cover of the electronic device using a floating metal (FLM) process. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0141] It should be understood that the central region of the first border 105 can be understood as the region within 5mm of the center of the first border 105, and the center of the first border 105 can be the center of the physical length (geometric center) or the center of the electrical length of the first border 105.

[0142] The antenna 120 may include a first frame 105, which serves as a radiator. The first frame 105 may include a first feed point 121 and a second feed point 122.

[0143] Antenna 120 may further include a first capacitor 131, a second capacitor 132, a first feed unit 141, and a second feed unit 142. A first terminal of the first capacitor 131 is electrically connected to the first frame 105 at a first feed point 121, and a second terminal of the first capacitor 131 is electrically connected to the first feed unit 141. A first terminal of the second capacitor 132 is electrically connected to the first frame 105 at a second feed point 122, and a second terminal of the second capacitor 132 is electrically connected to the second feed unit 142.

[0144] Antenna 120 may also include inductor 151, with the first end of inductor 151 located between the second end of the first capacitor 131 and the first feed unit 141, and the second end of inductor 151 located between the second end of the second capacitor 132 and the second feed unit 142.

[0145] It should be understood that in the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode in the antenna 120 can be adjusted by the inductor 151 so that it can move closer to the impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode, thereby improving the isolation bandwidth of the antenna 120.

[0146] In one embodiment, when fed by the first feeding unit 141, the antenna 120 can function as a first antenna element. The first antenna element can generate a first resonance and a second resonance, where the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. When fed by the second feeding unit 142, the antenna 120 can function as a second antenna element. The second antenna element can generate a third resonance and a fourth resonance, where the resonant frequency bands of the first and third resonances are the same (e.g., both the resonant frequency bands of the first and third resonances include the first frequency band), and the resonant frequency bands of the second and fourth resonances are the same (e.g., both the resonant frequency bands of the second and fourth resonances include the second frequency band).

[0147] It should be understood that when the first feeding unit 141 indirectly couples the fed-in electrical signal through the first capacitor 131, the first antenna unit is excited to generate a first resonance in the first frequency band and a second resonance in the second frequency band. By adjusting the capacitance value of the first capacitor 131, the first capacitor 131 can be made to be in an open-circuit state in the first frequency band and a short-circuit state in the second frequency band.

[0148] When the first capacitor 131 is in an open-circuit state, the current on the frame between the first and second positions is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the first feed point is a region of zero current, corresponding to a region of strong electric field, exhibiting a boundary condition of a large electric field. The first antenna element is a wire antenna structure and can operate in half-wavelength mode.

[0149] When the first capacitor 131 is short-circuited, the current on the frame between the first position and the first feed point is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, the first feed point is a region of high current, corresponding to a region of zero electric field, exhibiting a large current boundary condition. The first antenna element has a slotted structure and can operate in quarter-wavelength mode.

[0150] Therefore, by indirectly coupling the input electrical signal through the first feed unit 141 and the first capacitor 131, the first antenna unit can operate in two different modes, generating two resonances to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna 120. The situation can be similarly understood where the second feed unit 142 indirectly couples the input electrical signal through the second capacitor 132.

[0151] In one embodiment, the first feed point 121 and the second feed point 122 are symmetrical about a virtual axis of the first frame 105, and the lengths of the first frame 105 on both sides of the virtual axis are the same (the virtual axis is the axis of symmetry of the first frame 105). It should be understood that as the symmetry of the antenna 120 structure increases, the radiation characteristics of the antenna 120 improve accordingly.

[0152] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of antenna 120 may include at least a portion of the frequency bands selected from N77 (3300MHz-42000MHz), N78 (3300MHz-3800MHz), or N79 (4400MHz-5000MHz).

[0153] In one embodiment, the capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor 131 satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF.

[0154] In one embodiment, the capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor 132 satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.

[0155] In one embodiment, the inductance value L1 of inductor 151 satisfies: 1nH≤L1≤8nH.

[0156] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, this application only uses the aforementioned 5G frequency band as an example for explanation. In practical applications, the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor and the second capacitor can be adjusted according to design requirements to adjust the electrical signal fed into the first frame 105.

[0157] In one embodiment, the first capacitor 131 includes at least one of a lumped capacitor element and a distributed capacitor element.

[0158] In one embodiment, the second capacitor 132 includes at least one of a lumped capacitor element and a distributed capacitor element.

[0159] In one embodiment, when the first capacitor is a distributed capacitor, the first capacitor includes a first metal layer 1311 and a second metal layer 1312, such as Figure 13 As shown in (a) of the diagram. The first metal layer 1311 and the second metal layer 1312 are spaced apart along a first direction, and the projections of the first metal layer 1311 and the second metal layer 1312 along the first direction onto the plane containing the floor 110 at least partially overlap. The first metal layer 1311 is electrically connected to the first frame 105 at the first feed point 121, as shown in (a). Figure 13 As shown in (b) above. The second metal layer 1312 is electrically connected to the first feed unit 141, as shown in (b). Figure 13 As shown in (c) in the diagram. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane where the floor 110 is located, such as the z-direction.

[0160] In one embodiment, when the second capacitor is a distributed capacitor, the second capacitor includes a third metal layer 1321 and a fourth metal layer 1322. The third metal layer 1321 and the fourth metal layer 1322 are spaced apart along a first direction, and their projections along the first direction onto the plane of the floor 110 at least partially overlap. The third metal layer 1321 is electrically connected to the first frame 105 at the second feed point 122, such as... Figure 13 As shown in (b) above. The fourth metal layer 1322 is electrically connected to the second feed unit 142, as shown in (b). Figure 13 As shown in (c) in the figure.

[0161] In one embodiment, the inductor 151 may be connected in series between the second metal layer 1312 and the fourth metal layer 1322.

[0162] It should be understood that the capacitance value of a distributed capacitor satisfies the following formula:

[0163]

[0164] Wherein, ε is the relative permittivity of the medium filling the space between the two plates (e.g., the first metal layer 1311 and the second metal layer 1312); δ is the absolute permittivity in vacuum; k is the electrostatic constant; S is the area of ​​the two plates facing each other, for example, the relative area of ​​the first metal layer 1311 and the second metal layer 1312 in this embodiment (the area of ​​the overlapping portion of the projections of the first metal layer 1311 and the second metal layer 1312 along the first direction onto the plane where the floor 110 is located); d is the vertical distance between the two plates, for example, the distance between the first metal layer 1311 and the second metal layer 1312 along the first direction (z direction) in this embodiment.

[0165] Therefore, the radiation characteristics of the antenna can be adjusted by controlling the electrical parameters of the first capacitor 131 or the second capacitor 132.

[0166] In one embodiment, the first metal layer 1311 and the third metal layer 1321 may be disposed on the first surface of the PCB 17. The second metal layer 1312 and the fourth metal layer 1322 may be disposed on the second surface of the PCB 17.

[0167] It should be understood that the first and second surfaces of PCB17 can be the upper and lower surfaces of PCB17, or any surface of multiple dielectric substrates stacked in the PCB (for example, the first metal layer can be disposed between any two adjacent dielectric substrates in PCB17). This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0168] In one embodiment, the antenna 120 may further include a first matching circuit 161 and a second matching circuit 162, such as Figure 14 As shown. A first matching circuit 161 can be disposed between the first capacitor 131 and the first feed unit 141, used to adjust the impedance of the antenna 120 at the first feed point, matching the impedance at the first feed point with the impedance of the circuit at the first feed unit 141, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 120 (first antenna element) when an electrical signal is fed into the first feed unit 141. A second matching circuit 162 can be disposed between the second capacitor 132 and the second feed unit 142, used to adjust the impedance of the antenna 120 at the second feed point, matching the impedance at the second feed point with the impedance of the circuit at the second feed unit 142, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna 120 (second antenna element) when an electrical signal is fed into the second feed unit 142.

[0169] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a set of antennas provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0170] like Figure 15As shown in (a) of the image, in this antenna, the radiator includes two feed points. Capacitors are placed between the radiator and the feed element at these two feed points, feeding electrical signals through indirect coupling. No grounding point is provided on the radiator. Figure 15 As shown in (b) above, compared to Figure 15 The antenna shown in (a) differs in that a grounding point is located in the central region of the radiator, and grounded through the floor at that location. Figure 15 As shown in (c), the antenna structure is similar to... Figure 10 The antenna 120 shown is the same (for the sake of brevity, this embodiment only uses the example of a first frame 105 with a length of 30.5mm, an antenna clearance (distance between frame 11 and ground plane 110) of 2mm, a ground plane 110 size of 80mm×30mm, and an inductance value of 3nH for illustration. The above electrical parameters can be adjusted according to the actual design, and this application does not impose any limitations on them). Compared to Figure 15 The antenna shown in (b) differs in that an inductor is placed between the two feed points. For example... Figure 15 As shown in (d) in the figure, compared to Figure 15 The antenna shown in (c) differs in that a matching circuit is added between the feed point and the radiator to improve the antenna's radiation performance.

[0171] Figures 16 to 19 yes Figure 15 The simulation results for multiple antennas are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 16 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (a) are shown in the figure. Figure 17 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna are shown in (b) above. Figure 18 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (c) are shown in the figure. Figure 19 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (d) are shown in the figure.

[0172] like Figure 16 As shown in (a), S21 < -10dB is the limit. Figure 15 The isolation bandwidth between the two antenna elements in the antenna shown in (a) is only 1000MHz.

[0173] like Figure 17 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 15 The antenna shown in (b) has a grounding point set in the central region of the radiator. This allows adjustment of the impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode, bringing it closer to the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode, thereby improving the bandwidth of the isolation between the two antenna elements. Figure 17As shown in (a) in the figure.

[0174] like Figure 18 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 15 The antenna shown in (c) can adjust the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode by placing an inductor between the two feed points, making it closer to the impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode, thereby improving the bandwidth of the isolation between the two antenna elements. Figure 18 As shown in (a) in the figure.

[0175] like Figure 19 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 15 The antenna shown in (d) is in Figure 15 Based on the antenna shown in (c), a matching circuit is added to optimize the antenna's radiation performance. Using S11 / S22 < -10dB as a boundary, the resonant frequency bands of both the first antenna element (when an electrical signal is fed into the first feed point) and the second antenna element (when an electrical signal is fed into the second feed point) can include 2.92GHz to 5.03GHz, and their operating frequency bands can both include the 5G N77, N78, and N79 bands. Furthermore, the impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode is closer to the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode, such as... Figure 19 As shown in (b) in the diagram. Figure 19 In the frequency range of 2.5 GHz to 5.5 GHz shown in (a), the isolation (S21) of the first antenna element and the second antenna element is greater than 12 dB, and the bandwidth of the isolation between the two antenna elements is greater than 3000 MHz.

[0176] As shown in the figure above, when the impedance curves corresponding to the CM mode and the DM mode in the antenna are close, the two antenna elements in the antenna can have better isolation.

[0177] Figure 20 yes Figure 15 The simulation results of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna are shown in (d) in the figure.

[0178] like Figure 20 As shown, within the aforementioned resonant frequency band (2.92GHz to 5.03GHz), the system efficiency (greater than -1dB) and radiation efficiency (greater than -1dB) of both the first and second antenna elements can meet the communication requirements.

[0179] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0180] like Figure 21 As shown, the electronic device may include a floor 210, a frame 11, and an antenna 220.

[0181] The frame 11 has a first position 201 and a second position 202. The frame 11 has a first gap 203 at the first position 201 and a second gap 204 at the second position 202. The frame 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202 is the first frame 205.

[0182] Antenna 220 may include a first frame 205, which serves as a radiator. The first frame 205 may include a first feed point 221 and a second feed point 222.

[0183] Antenna 220 may further include a first capacitor 231, a second capacitor 232, a first feed unit 241, and a second feed unit 242. A first terminal of the first capacitor 231 is electrically connected to the first frame 205 at a first feed point 221, and a second terminal of the first capacitor 231 is electrically connected to the first feed unit 241. A first terminal of the second capacitor 232 is electrically connected to the first frame 205 at a second feed point 222, and a second terminal of the second capacitor 232 is electrically connected to the second feed unit 242.

[0184] Antenna 220 may further include a first inductor 251, a second inductor 252, and a third capacitor 233. The first terminal of the first inductor 251 is located between the second terminal of the first capacitor 231 and the first feed unit 241. The second terminal of the first inductor 251 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second inductor 252. The second terminal of the second inductor 252 is located between the second terminal of the second capacitor 232 and the second feed unit 242 (the first inductor 251 and the second inductor 252 are connected in series between the first feed point 221 and the second feed point 222). The first terminal of the third capacitor 233 is located between the second terminals of the first inductor 251 and the second inductor 252, and the second terminal of the third capacitor 233 is grounded.

[0185] It should be understood that Figure 21 The antenna 220 shown is Figure 10 The difference in the antenna 120 shown is that no grounding point is provided on the first frame 205. Instead, a T-shaped structure formed by the first inductor 251, the second inductor 252, and the third capacitor 233 is used to replace the series-connected inductors. Since no grounding point is needed on the first frame 205, the actual structure of the antenna 220 is simpler.

[0186] exist Figure 21 In the illustrated electronic device 200, the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode in the antenna 220 can be adjusted using the first inductor 251 and the second inductor 252 connected in series, such as... Figure 22 As shown in (a) above. The impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode in antenna 220 is adjusted using the third capacitor 233, as follows: Figure 22As shown in (b) in the figure. Therefore, the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode in the antenna 220 can be adjusted by the first inductor 251 and the second inductor 252 connected in series, and the impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode in the antenna 220 can be adjusted by the third capacitor 233, so that the impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode and the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode are closer, thereby improving the bandwidth of the isolation of the antenna 220.

[0187] In one embodiment, when fed by the first feeding unit 241, the antenna 220 can function as a first antenna element. The first antenna element can generate a first resonance and a second resonance, where the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. When fed by the second feeding unit 242, the antenna 220 can function as a second antenna element. The second antenna element can generate a third resonance and a fourth resonance, where the resonant frequency bands of the first and third resonances are the same (e.g., both the resonant frequency bands of the first and third resonances include the first frequency band), and the resonant frequency bands of the second and fourth resonances are the same (e.g., both the resonant frequency bands of the second and fourth resonances include the second frequency band).

[0188] It should be understood that when the first feed unit 241 indirectly couples the feed signal through the first capacitor 231, the first antenna element is excited to generate a first resonance in the first frequency band and a second resonance in the second frequency band. By adjusting the capacitance value of the first capacitor 231, it can be made to be in an open-circuit state in the first frequency band and a short-circuit state in the second frequency band. Therefore, the first feed unit 241, by indirectly couples the feed signal through the first capacitor 231, can enable the first antenna element to operate in two different modes, generating two resonances, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna 220. The situation where the second feed unit 242 indirectly couples the feed signal through the second capacitor 232 can also be understood accordingly.

[0189] In one embodiment, the first feed point 221 and the second feed point 222 are symmetrical about a virtual axis of the first frame 205, and the lengths of the first frame 205 on both sides of the virtual axis are the same (the virtual axis is the axis of symmetry of the first frame 205). It should be understood that as the symmetry of the antenna 220 structure increases, the radiation characteristics of the antenna 220 improve accordingly.

[0190] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the antenna 220 may include at least a portion of the frequency bands of N77 (3300MHz-42000MHz), N78 (3300MHz-3800MHz), or N79 (4400MHz-5000MHz).

[0191] In one embodiment, the capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor 231 satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF.

[0192] In one embodiment, the capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor 232 satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.

[0193] In one embodiment, the inductance value L1 of the first inductor 251 satisfies: 1nH≤L1≤8nH.

[0194] In one embodiment, the inductance value L2 of the second inductor 252 satisfies: 1nH≤L1≤8nH.

[0195] In one embodiment, the capacitance value C3 of the third capacitor 233 satisfies: 0.1pF≤C2≤5pF.

[0196] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, this application only uses the aforementioned 5G frequency band as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the capacitance value of the capacitor and the inductance value of the inductor can be adjusted according to design requirements.

[0197] In one embodiment, the inductance value L1 of the first inductor 251 and the inductance value L2 of the second inductor 252 can be the same.

[0198] In one embodiment, the first capacitor 231 includes at least one of a lumped capacitor element and a distributed capacitor element.

[0199] In one embodiment, the second capacitor 232 includes at least one of a lumped capacitor element and a distributed capacitor element.

[0200] In one embodiment, when the first capacitor is a distributed capacitor, the first capacitor includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer. The first metal layer and the second metal layer are spaced apart along a first direction, and the projections of the first metal layer and the second metal layer along the first direction onto the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap. The first metal layer is electrically connected to a first frame at a first feed point. The second metal layer is electrically connected to a first feed unit. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane where the floor is located, such as the z-direction.

[0201] In one embodiment, when the second capacitor is a distributed capacitor, the second capacitor includes a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer. The third metal layer and the fourth metal layer are spaced apart along a first direction, and their projections along the first direction onto the plane containing the floor at least partially overlap. The third metal layer is electrically connected to the first frame at the second feed point. The fourth metal layer is electrically connected to the second feed unit.

[0202] In one embodiment, the first inductor and the second inductor may be connected in series between the second metal layer and the fourth metal layer.

[0203] It should be understood that the capacitance value of a distributed capacitor satisfies the following formula:

[0204]

[0205] Wherein, ε is the relative permittivity of the medium filling the space between the two plates (e.g., the first metal layer and the second metal layer); δ is the absolute permittivity in vacuum; k is the electrostatic constant; S is the area of ​​the two plates facing each other, for example, the relative area of ​​the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the embodiment of this application (the area of ​​the overlapping portion of the projections of the first metal layer and the second metal layer along the first direction onto the plane where the floor is located); d is the vertical distance between the two plates, for example, the distance between the first metal layer and the second metal layer along the first direction (z direction) in the embodiment of this application.

[0206] Therefore, the radiation characteristics of the antenna can be adjusted by controlling the electrical parameters of the first capacitor or the second capacitor.

[0207] In one embodiment, the first metal layer and the third metal layer may be disposed on a first surface of the PCB of the electronic device. The second metal layer and the fourth metal layer may be disposed on a second surface of the PCB.

[0208] It should be understood that the first and second surfaces of the PCB can be the upper and lower surfaces of the PCB, or any surface of multiple dielectric substrates stacked in the PCB (for example, the first metal layer can be disposed between any two adjacent dielectric substrates in the PCB). The embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0209] In one embodiment, antenna 220 may further include a first matching circuit and a second matching circuit. The first matching circuit may be disposed between the first capacitor and the first feed unit, and is used to adjust the impedance of the antenna at the first feed point, so that the impedance at the first feed point matches the impedance of the circuit at the first feed unit, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna (first antenna element) when an electrical signal is fed into the first feed unit. The second matching circuit may be disposed between the second capacitor and the second feed unit, and is used to adjust the impedance of the antenna at the second feed point, so that the impedance at the second feed point matches the impedance of the circuit at the second feed unit, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna (second antenna element) when an electrical signal is fed into the second feed unit.

[0210] Figure 23 and Figure 24 yes Figure 21 The simulation results of the antenna in the electronic device 200 are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 23 yes Figure 21 The S-parameters of the antenna in the electronic device 200 shown. Figure 24 yes Figure 21 The impedance curve of the antenna in the electronic device 200 shown.

[0211] It should be understood that the inductance value L1 of the first inductor 251 and the inductance value L2 of the second inductor 252 are both 2.5nH, and the capacitance value C3 of the third capacitor 233 is 1.8pF. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment only uses the above electrical parameters as an example for illustration. In actual design, adjustments can be made according to requirements.

[0212] like Figure 23 As shown, with S11 / S22<-10dB as the boundary, the resonant frequency bands of the first antenna element (when the first feed point is fed with an electrical signal) and the second antenna element (when the second feed point is fed with an electrical signal) can both include 2.92GHz to 5.03GHz, and their operating frequency bands can both include the N77, N78 and N79 frequency bands of 5G.

[0213] Furthermore, the impedance curves corresponding to the CM mode are closer to those corresponding to the DM mode, such as... Figure 24 As shown. In Figure 23 In the frequency range of 2.6 GHz to 5.5 GHz shown, the isolation (S21) of the first antenna element and the second antenna element is greater than 10 dB, and the bandwidth of the isolation between the two antenna elements is greater than 2900 MHz.

[0214] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a set of antennas provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0215] like Figure 25 As shown in (a) of the diagram, in this antenna, the radiator includes two feed points. A first capacitor and a second capacitor are respectively positioned between the radiator and the feed element at these two feed points, feeding electrical signals through indirect coupling. Figure 25 As shown in (b) above, compared to Figure 25 The antenna shown in (a) differs in that a first inductor and a second inductor are connected in series between the two feed points. Figure 25 As shown in (c) in the middle, compared to Figure 25 The antenna shown in (b) differs in that a third capacitor connected in parallel to ground is added between the first and second inductors, which are connected in series, to improve the antenna's radiation performance.

[0216] Figures 26 to 28 yes Figure 25 The simulation results for multiple antennas are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 26 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (a) are shown in the figure. Figure 27 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna are shown in (b) above. Figure 28 yes Figure 15 The S-parameters and impedance curves of the antenna shown in (c) are shown in the figure.

[0217] like Figure 26 As shown in (b) of the diagram, the impedance curves corresponding to the CM mode and the DM mode of the antenna are quite different. Figure 26 As shown in (a), with S21 < -10dB as the boundary, Figure 25 In the antenna shown in (a), the isolation bandwidth between the two antenna elements is relatively narrow.

[0218] like Figure 27 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 25 The antenna shown in (b) uses a first inductor and a second inductor connected in series between the two feed points. This allows the impedance curve of the antenna in DM mode to be adjusted, making it closer to the impedance curve of CM mode. Figure 27 As shown in (a), with S21 < -10 dB as the boundary, compared to Figure 25 The antenna shown in (a) in the figure represents a bandwidth improvement in the isolation between two antenna elements.

[0219] like Figure 28 As shown in (b), adding a third capacitor connected in parallel to ground between the first and second inductors set in series can adjust the impedance curve of the antenna corresponding to the CM mode, making it closer to the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode. Figure 28 As shown in (a), with S21 < -10 dB as the boundary, compared to Figure 25 The antenna shown in (b) further improves the bandwidth of the isolation between the two antenna elements.

[0220] As shown in the diagram above, the impedance curve corresponding to the DM mode in the antenna can be adjusted by using the first and second inductors connected in series, and the impedance curve corresponding to the CM mode in the antenna can be adjusted by using the third capacitor. When the impedance curves corresponding to the CM mode and the DM mode in the antenna are close to each other, the two antenna elements in the antenna can have better isolation.

[0221] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device 300 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0222] like Figure 29 As shown in (a), the electronic device 300 may include a floor 310, a frame 11, and an antenna 320.

[0223] The frame 11 has a first position 301 and a second position 302. The frame 11 is grounded through the ground 310 at the first position 301 and the second position 302. The frame 11 between the first position 301 and the second position 302 is the first frame 303.

[0224] Antenna 320 may include a first frame 303, and antenna 320 forms a slot antenna by the gap between the first frame 303 and the ground plane 310. The first frame 303 includes a slot 304, a first feed point 321 and a second feed point 322, and the slot 304 is disposed between the first feed point 321 and the second feed point 322.

[0225] Antenna 320 may further include a first capacitor 331, a second capacitor 332, a first feed unit 341, and a second feed unit 342. A first terminal of the first capacitor 331 is electrically connected to the first frame 303 at a first feed point 321, and a second terminal of the first capacitor 331 is electrically connected to the first feed unit 341. A first terminal of the second capacitor 332 is electrically connected to the first frame 303 at a second feed point 322, and a second terminal of the second capacitor 332 is electrically connected to the second feed unit 342.

[0226] Antenna 320 may further include a first inductor 351, a second inductor 352, and a third capacitor 333. The first terminal of the first inductor 351 is located between the second terminal of the first capacitor 331 and the first feed unit 341. The second terminal of the first inductor 351 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second inductor 352. The second terminal of the second inductor 352 is located between the second terminal of the second capacitor 332 and the second feed unit 342 (the first inductor 351 and the second inductor 352 are connected in series between the first feed point 321 and the second feed point 322). The first terminal of the third capacitor 333 is located between the second terminals of the first inductor 351 and the second inductor 352, and the second terminal of the third capacitor 333 is grounded.

[0227] It should be understood that the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied not only to the structure of line antennas (e.g., Figure 10 and Figure 21 The structure of the antenna shown can also be applied to... Figure 29 The structure of the slot antenna is shown.

[0228] In one embodiment, when fed by the first feeding unit 341, the antenna 320 can function as a first antenna element. The first antenna element can generate a first resonance and a second resonance, where the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. When fed by the second feeding unit 342, the antenna 320 can function as a second antenna element. The second antenna element can generate a third resonance and a fourth resonance, where the resonant frequency bands of the first and third resonances are the same (e.g., both the resonant frequency bands of the first and third resonances include the first frequency band), and the resonant frequency bands of the second and fourth resonances are the same (e.g., both the resonant frequency bands of the second and fourth resonances include the second frequency band).

[0229] It should be understood that when the first feed unit 341 indirectly couples the feed signal through the first capacitor 331, the first antenna element is excited to generate a first resonance in the first frequency band and a second resonance in the second frequency band. By adjusting the capacitance value of the first capacitor 331, it can be made to be in an open-circuit state in the first frequency band and a short-circuit state in the second frequency band. Therefore, the first feed unit 341 indirectly couples the feed signal through the first capacitor 331, which allows the first antenna element to operate in two different modes, generating two resonances to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna 320. The situation where the second feed unit 342 indirectly couples the feed signal through the second capacitor 332 can also be understood accordingly.

[0230] In one embodiment, the first feed point 321 and the second feed point 322 are symmetrical along the virtual axis of the first frame 303, and the lengths of the first frame 303 on both sides of the virtual axis are the same (the virtual axis is the axis of symmetry of the first frame 303).

[0231] In one embodiment, the gap 304 may be located in the central region of the first frame 303.

[0232] It should be understood that as the symmetry of the antenna 320 structure increases, the radiation characteristics of the antenna 320 improve accordingly.

[0233] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of antenna 320 may include at least a portion of the frequency bands of N77 (3300MHz-42000MHz), N78 (3300MHz-3800MHz), or N79 (4400MHz-5000MHz).

[0234] In one embodiment, the capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor 331 satisfies: 0.3pF≤C1≤1pF.

[0235] In one embodiment, the capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor 332 satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.

[0236] In one embodiment, the inductance value L1 of the first inductor 351 satisfies: 1nH≤L1≤8nH.

[0237] In one embodiment, the inductance value L2 of the second inductor 352 satisfies: 1nH≤L1≤8nH.

[0238] In one embodiment, the capacitance value C3 of the third capacitor 333 satisfies: 0.1pF≤C2≤5pF.

[0239] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, this application only uses the aforementioned 5G frequency band as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor and the second capacitor can be adjusted according to design requirements.

[0240] In one embodiment, the inductance value L1 of the first inductor 351 and the inductance value L2 of the second inductor 352 can be the same.

[0241] In one embodiment, the first capacitor 331 includes at least one of a lumped capacitor element and a distributed capacitor element.

[0242] In one embodiment, the second capacitor 332 includes at least one of a lumped capacitor element and a distributed capacitor element.

[0243] In one embodiment, when the first capacitor is a distributed capacitor, the first capacitor includes a first metal layer 3311, such as... Figure 29 As shown in (b) in the figure. One end of the first metal layer 3311 is electrically connected to the first power supply unit 341, and the first metal layer 3311 is indirectly coupled to the first frame 303 at the first power supply point.

[0244] The first metal layer 3311 and the first frame 303 are spaced apart along a first direction, and the projections of the first metal layer 3311 and the first frame 303 onto the plane of the floor along the first direction at least partially overlap. A first capacitor is formed between the first metal layer 3311 and the first frame 303. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane of the floor, such as the z-direction.

[0245] In one embodiment, when the second capacitor is a distributed capacitor, the second capacitor includes a second metal layer 3321, such as... Figure 29 As shown in (b) above. One end of the second metal layer 3321 is electrically connected to the second feed unit 342, and the second metal layer 3321 is indirectly coupled to the first frame 303 at the second feed point. The second metal layer 3321 and the first frame 303 are spaced apart along a first direction, and the projections of the second metal layer 3321 and the first frame 303 along the first direction onto the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap. A second capacitor is formed between the second metal layer 3321 and the first frame 303.

[0246] In one embodiment, the first inductor 351 and the second inductor 352 may be connected in series between the first metal layer 3311 and the second metal layer 3321.

[0247] It should be understood that the capacitance value of a distributed capacitor satisfies the following formula:

[0248]

[0249] Wherein, ε is the relative permittivity of the medium filling the space between the two plates (e.g., the first metal layer 3311 and the first frame 303); δ is the absolute permittivity in vacuum; k is the electrostatic constant; S is the area of ​​the two plates facing each other, for example, the relative area of ​​the first metal layer 3311 and the first frame 303 in this embodiment (the area of ​​the overlapping portion of the projections of the first metal layer 3311 and the first frame 303 along the first direction onto the plane of the floor); d is the vertical distance between the two plates, for example, the distance between the first metal layer 3311 and the first frame 303 along the first direction (z direction) in this embodiment.

[0250] Therefore, the radiation characteristics of the antenna can be adjusted by controlling the electrical parameters of the first capacitor or the second capacitor.

[0251] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0252] like Figure 30 As shown, it is similar to Figure 29 The only difference in the antenna of the electronic device 300 shown is that it does not have a T-shaped circuit (first inductor, second inductor 352 and third capacitor 333).

[0253] Figures 31 to 33 yes Figure 29 The antenna and in the electronic device 300 shown Figure 30 The simulation results of the antenna are shown in the figure. Among them, Figure 31 yes Figure 29 The antenna shown and Figure 30 The S-parameters of the antenna shown are given. Figure 32 yes Figure 29 The antenna shown and Figure 30 The impedance curve of the antenna is shown from 2.5 GHz to 3 GHz. Figure 33 yes Figure 29 The antenna shown and Figure 30 The impedance curve of the antenna is shown from 4.8 GHz to 5.8 GHz.

[0254] It should be understood that, Figure 29In the illustrated electronic device 300, the inductance values ​​L1 of the first inductor 351 and L2 of the second inductor 352 are both 4nH, the capacitance value C3 of the third capacitor 333 is 0.1pF, the dimensions of the ground plane 310 are 80mm × 40mm, the dimensions of the gap 304 are 3mm × 3mm, the distance between the first metal layer 3311 and the first frame 303 is 0.2mm (coupling spacing), the distance between the first frame 303 and the ground plane 310 is 2mm, and the length of the first frame 303 is 28mm. For the sake of brevity, this embodiment only uses the above electrical parameters as examples. In actual design, adjustments can be made according to requirements.

[0255] like Figure 31 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 30 The figure shows the S-parameters of the antenna, which can resonate near 3 GHz and 5.3 GHz.

[0256] like Figure 31 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 29 The figure shows the S-parameters of the antenna. Taking S11 / S22 < -6dB as the boundary, the resonant frequency bands of the first antenna element (when an electrical signal is fed into the first feed point) and the second antenna element (when an electrical signal is fed into the second feed point) can both include the 2.4G and 5G frequency bands of WiFi, and can also include the N79 frequency band of 5G.

[0257] like Figure 32 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 30 The figure shows the impedance curves for the antenna in CM mode and DM mode in the 2.5GHz to 3GHz frequency band. Figure 32 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 29 The figure shows the impedance curves for the antenna in CM mode and DM mode in the 2.5GHz to 3GHz frequency band. Figure 33 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 30 The figure shows the impedance curves for the antenna in CM mode and DM mode in the 4.8 GHz to 5.8 GHz frequency band. Figure 33 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 29 The figure shows the impedance curves for the antenna in CM mode and DM mode in the 4.8 GHz to 5.8 GHz frequency band.

[0258] As shown in the figure above, by adding a T-shaped circuit (first inductor, second inductor 352 and third capacitor 333) to the antenna, the impedance curves corresponding to the CM mode and the DM mode in the antenna are close to each other in the 2.5GHz to 3GHz and 4.8GHz to 5.8GHz frequency bands. In this frequency band, the isolation between the two antenna elements is significantly improved by more than 10dB (S21<-10dB).

[0259] Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0260] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0261] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the direct coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0262] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: An antenna, the antenna including a radiator, the radiator including a first feed point and a second feed point; The antenna is grounded through the floor; The antenna further includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first feed unit, and a second feed unit. The first end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the radiator at the first feed point, the second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first feed unit, the first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the radiator at the second feed point, and the second end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the second feed unit. The antenna further includes a first inductor, a second inductor, and a third capacitor. The first end of the first inductor is located between the second end of the first capacitor and the first feed unit. The second end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the second inductor. The second end of the second inductor is located between the second end of the second capacitor and the second feed unit. The first end of the third capacitor is located between the second end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor. The second end of the third capacitor is grounded.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitance value L1 of the first inductor satisfies: 1nH ≤ L1 ≤ 8nH; and / or, The capacitance value L2 of the second inductor satisfies: 1nH ≤ L2 ≤ 8nH; and / or, The capacitance value C3 of the third capacitor satisfies: 0.1pF≤C3≤5pF.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first feed point and the second feed point are symmetrical along the virtual axis of the radiator; The radiators on both sides of the virtual axis are of the same length.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The inductance value of the first inductor is the same as the inductance value of the second inductor.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, When the first feeding unit is powered, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, wherein the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. When the second feeding unit is powered, the antenna generates a third resonance and a fourth resonance. The resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the third resonance are the same, and the resonant frequency bands of the second resonance and the fourth resonance are the same.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF ≤ C1 ≤ 1pF; and / or, The capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.

7. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor and a distributed capacitor; The second capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor and a distributed capacitor.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first capacitor includes a first metal layer and a second metal layer, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are spaced apart along a first direction, and the projections of the first metal layer and the second metal layer along the first direction on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap. The first metal layer is electrically connected to the radiator at a first feed point, and the second metal layer is electrically connected to the first feed unit. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to the plane where the floor is located. The second capacitor includes a third metal layer and a fourth metal layer, the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer are spaced apart along the first direction, and the projections of the third metal layer and the fourth metal layer along the first direction on the plane where the floor is located at least partially overlap. The third metal layer is electrically connected to the radiator at the second feed point, and the fourth metal layer is electrically connected to the second feed unit. The first end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer; The second end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the fourth metal layer.

9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The antenna operates in frequency bands including at least a portion of the following frequency bands: 3300MHz-42000MHz, 3300MHz-3800MHz, or 4400MHz-5000MHz.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes: a conductive frame having a first position and a second position, the frame having a first gap at the first position and a second gap at the second position, the frame between the first position and the second position being a first frame, and the first frame serving as the radiator.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: An antenna, the antenna including a radiator, the radiator including a slot, a first feed point and a second feed point, the slot being disposed between the first feed point and the second feed point; The antenna is grounded through the floor; The antenna further includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first feed unit, and a second feed unit. The first end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the radiator at the first feed point, the second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the first feed unit, the first end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the radiator at the second feed point, and the second end of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the second feed unit. The antenna further includes a first inductor, a second inductor, and a third capacitor. The first end of the first inductor is located between the second end of the first capacitor and the first feed unit. The second end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first end of the second inductor. The second end of the second inductor is located between the second end of the second capacitor and the second feed unit. The first end of the third capacitor is located between the second end of the first inductor and the first end of the second inductor. The second end of the third capacitor is grounded.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The capacitance value L1 of the first inductor satisfies: 1nH ≤ L1 ≤ 8nH; and / or, The capacitance value L2 of the second inductor satisfies: 1nH ≤ L2 ≤ 8nH; and / or, The capacitance value C3 of the third capacitor satisfies: 0.1pF≤C3≤5pF.

13. The electronic device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The first feed point and the second feed point are symmetrical along the virtual axis of the radiator; The radiators on both sides of the virtual axis are of the same length.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The slit is located in the central region of the radiator.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that, The inductance value of the first inductor is the same as the inductance value of the second inductor.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that, When the first feeding unit is powered, the antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, wherein the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance. When the second feeding unit is powered, the antenna generates a third resonance and a fourth resonance. The resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the third resonance are the same, and the resonant frequency bands of the second resonance and the fourth resonance are the same.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that, The capacitance value C1 of the first capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF ≤ C1 ≤ 1pF; and / or, The capacitance value C2 of the second capacitor satisfies: 0.3pF≤C2≤1pF.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that, The first capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor and a distributed capacitor; The second capacitor includes at least one of a lumped capacitor and a distributed capacitor.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that, The first capacitor includes a first metal layer, one end of which is electrically connected to the first feeding unit, and the first metal layer is indirectly coupled to the radiator at the first feeding point; The second capacitor includes a second metal layer, one end of which is electrically connected to the second feeding unit, and the second metal layer is indirectly coupled to the radiator at the second feeding point; The first end of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first metal layer; The second end of the second inductor is electrically connected to the second metal layer.

20. The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that, The antenna operates in frequency bands including at least a portion of the following frequency bands: 3300MHz-42000MHz, 3300MHz-3800MHz, or 4400MHz-5000MHz.

21. The electronic device according to any one of claims 11 to 20, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes: a conductive frame having a first position and a second position, the frame being grounded at the first position and the second position, the frame between the first position and the second position being a first frame, and the first frame serving as the radiator.

Images