A robust bistable trigger

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bistable trigger with robustness, comprising: an input port, an output port, a resistor, 4N+1 nonlinear resonators and a plurality of coupling elements, N being a positive integer, wherein the 4N+1 nonlinear resonators are connected through a plurality of coupling elements to form a chain circuit structure; a first end of the resistor is connected to the input port, and a second end is respectively connected to the output port and an intermediate node of the chain circuit structure, wherein the intermediate node divides the chain circuit structure into a first branch including 2N nonlinear resonators and a second branch including 2N+1 nonlinear resonators; and a circuit topology structure of the bistable trigger is a Su‑Schrieffer‑Heeger model with domain walls in condensed matter physics. In the bistable trigger with robustness of the present invention, the bistable characteristic of the circuit is derived from the topological interface state, and the robustness of the topological interface state makes the bistable characteristic of the circuit, i.e., the triggering function, robust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of triggers, and in particular relates to a bistable trigger with robustness. Background Art

[0002] At present, triggers are mainly composed of logic gate circuits, and their robustness is usually poor, which is mainly reflected in three aspects. First, the existing triggers are composed of a large number of circuit components, and the circuit structure is often very complex. The processing errors of the components themselves can easily lead to the failure of the trigger function. Secondly, the existing triggers contain active devices such as transistors, which are sensitive to external noise. The noise of the power supply and ground may cause the trigger to output erroneous signals. Finally, circuit welding, changes in external temperature and humidity, etc. may cause the circuit components to deviate from the set values, thereby affecting the performance of the existing triggers.

[0003] Generally speaking, there are three main ways to improve the robustness of circuit devices. The first is to use high-reliability, high-precision circuit components. The second is to add digital modules to the circuit and use algorithms to remove signal noise. The third is to introduce analog circuit modules, such as filters, low-noise amplifiers, etc.

[0004] However, high-reliability and high-precision circuit components are often expensive. Using high-reliability and high-precision circuit components will greatly increase the cost of the device. Moreover, there is an upper limit to the current circuit component accuracy. For example, the minimum accuracy of capacitors is 1%. Using high-precision circuit components may face the problem that current production technology cannot meet the demand. The introduction of digital modules or analog circuit modules increases the complexity of circuit devices. In addition, both the trigger itself and the introduced circuit module have component errors caused by component processing, circuit welding, external environment, etc. The introduction of circuit modules may bring additional effects to device performance. Secondly, the introduced digital circuit module or analog circuit module usually contains active devices such as transistors, and the noise of the power supply and ground may bring additional effects to the performance of the trigger. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a bistable trigger with robustness. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention provides a bistable trigger with robustness, comprising: an input port, a resistor, an output port, 4N+1 nonlinear resonators and a plurality of coupling elements, where N is a positive integer, wherein:

[0007] The 4N+1 nonlinear resonators are connected through the plurality of coupling elements to form a chain circuit structure;

[0008] The first end of the resistor is connected to the input port, and the second end is respectively connected to the output port and an intermediate node of the chain circuit structure, wherein the intermediate node divides the chain circuit structure into a first branch including 2N nonlinear resonators and a second branch including 2N+1 nonlinear resonators;

[0009] The coupling element comprises a first coupling element and a second coupling element, and in the first branch and the second branch, the first coupling element and the second coupling element are arranged alternately;

[0010] One end of the nonlinear resonator is connected between two adjacent coupling elements, and the other end is connected to the ground end;

[0011] A first nonlinear resonator of a first branch close to the middle node is connected to a first nonlinear resonator of a second branch via the first coupling element;

[0012] A first nonlinear resonator of a second branch close to the middle node is connected to a second nonlinear resonator via the first coupling element;

[0013] An end of the first branch and an end of the second branch away from the intermediate node are both connected to the ground terminal through the first coupling element.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] In the robust bistable trigger of the present invention, all circuit elements are passive devices, no external DC bias is required, and no external noise is introduced. The bistable characteristic of the circuit is derived from the topological interface state, and the robustness of the topological interface state makes the bistable characteristic of the circuit, that is, the trigger function, robust. The trigger circuit has a certain tolerance for component errors, which reduces the requirements for component processing, circuit welding, external environment, etc. during device production and use.

[0016] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following specifically cites a preferred embodiment and describes it in detail with the accompanying drawings as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a robust bistable trigger provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a bistable trigger with robustness provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3It is a voltage-frequency relationship diagram of an output signal and a voltage distribution diagram of a topological interface state provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is another voltage-frequency relationship diagram of an output signal and a relationship diagram of an output voltage-input voltage provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a relationship diagram between output voltage and input voltage after a ±5% error is introduced into the coupling capacitor provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, a robust bistable trigger proposed according to the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0023] The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are clearly presented in the following detailed description of the specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Through the description of the specific implementation modes, the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood. However, the attached drawings are only for reference and explanation purposes and are not used to limit the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0024] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a robust bistable trigger provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the robust bistable trigger of this embodiment includes an input port 1, an output port 2, a resistor 3, 4N+1 nonlinear resonators and multiple coupling elements, where N is a positive integer. Among them, the 4N+1 nonlinear resonators are connected through multiple coupling elements to form a chain circuit structure.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the first end of the resistor 3 is connected to the input port 1, and the second end is respectively connected to the output port 2 and the intermediate node of the chain circuit structure, wherein the intermediate node divides the chain circuit structure into a first branch I including 2N nonlinear resonators and a second branch II including 2N+1 nonlinear resonators.

[0026] In this embodiment, the external input signal is input from the input port 1, and the resistor 3 adopts a relatively large resistance value, such as 100 kilo-ohms, so that the input circuit signal has a constant current.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the coupling element includes a first coupling element 7 and a second coupling element 8. In the first branch I and the second branch II, the first coupling element 7 and the second coupling element 8 are arranged alternately. One end of the nonlinear resonator is connected between two adjacent coupling elements, and the other end is connected to the ground end;

[0028] In this embodiment, the first nonlinear resonator of the first branch I near the middle node is connected to the first nonlinear resonator of the second branch II through the first coupling element 7; the first nonlinear resonator of the second branch II near the middle node is connected to the second nonlinear resonator through the first coupling element 7. The end of the first branch I and the end of the second branch II far from the middle node are both connected to the ground through the first coupling element 7.

[0029] That is, starting from the middle node of the chain circuit structure connected to the second end of the resistor 3, the coupling elements from the middle to the left and right sides are respectively arranged alternately with the first coupling element 7 and the second coupling element 8, the last coupling element of the first branch I and the second branch II are both the first coupling element 7, and the first coupling elements 7 at the ends of the two branches are grounded.

[0030] The circuit topology of the bistable trigger of this embodiment is a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with domain walls in condensed matter physics. In other embodiments, other topology models in condensed matter physics can also be selected as the circuit topology of the bistable trigger.

[0031] Optionally, the nonlinear resonator includes a grounded capacitor 4, a grounded inductor 5 and a plurality of nonlinear elements 6 connected in parallel. The nonlinear element 6 may be a common cathode varactor diode, a rectifier diode or a variable inductor. Figure 2 The circuit diagram of a robust bistable trigger provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the nonlinear element 6 in the nonlinear resonator is a common cathode varactor diode.

[0032] Since the capacitance value of the nonlinear element 6 is related to the amplitude of the voltage signal, the nonlinear effect can be enhanced and the parasitic resistance can be reduced by connecting the nonlinear elements 6 in parallel. Then, the resonant frequency of the nonlinear resonator composed of the grounding capacitor 4, the grounding inductor 5 and the plurality of nonlinear elements 6 is related to the amplitude of the voltage signal.

[0033] In the chain circuit structure of this embodiment, the coupling between the nonlinear resonators on both sides of the first coupling element 7 is smaller than the coupling between the nonlinear resonators on both sides of the second coupling element 8. Optionally, the coupling element is a coupling capacitor (such as Figure 2 shown) or coupled inductors.

[0034] It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the coupling between the nonlinear resonators on both sides of the first coupling element 7 is smaller than the coupling between the nonlinear resonators on both sides of the second coupling element 8, when the coupling element is a coupling capacitor, the capacitance of the first coupling capacitor is smaller than the capacitance of the second coupling capacitor; when the coupling element is a coupling inductor, the inductance of the first coupling inductor is greater than the inductance of the second coupling inductor.

[0035] Further Figure 2 Taking the circuit diagram of the bistable trigger with robustness shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the working principle of the bistable trigger with robustness of this embodiment is described.

[0036] The voltage and frequency relationship of the output signal of the bistable trigger of this embodiment is in the form of a resonance peak, and the resonance peak corresponds to the topological interface state. Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 It is a voltage-frequency relationship diagram of an output signal and a voltage distribution diagram of a topological interface state provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 It is another voltage-frequency relationship diagram of an output signal and a relationship diagram of an output voltage-input voltage provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] When the voltage of the input signal is small (i.e., does not exceed the bistable threshold voltage), Figure 3 As shown in Figure a, the voltage-frequency relationship of the output signal shows a significant resonance peak, which corresponds to the topological interface state. At this time, the maximum value of the output voltage in the chain circuit structure is located at the middle node, and the voltage value from the middle node to the left and right nodes gradually oscillates and decreases, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 As shown in Figure b.

[0038] When the voltage of the input signal is large (i.e., exceeds the bistable threshold voltage), the voltage-frequency relationship of the output signal exhibits a bistable characteristic, that is, there are two output voltages at one frequency, such as Figure 4 As shown in Figure a. In the bistable state, if the frequency of the input signal is fixed and the voltage of the input signal is changed, the output voltage-input voltage exhibits a bistable characteristic, as shown in Figure a. Figure 4 As shown in Figure b.

[0039] That is, when the input voltage gradually increases from 0, the output voltage slowly increases along the lower branch. At this time, the output voltage can be considered to be a low level. When the input voltage is greater than V b When the input voltage changes from greater than V b When the input voltage starts to decrease gradually, the output voltage decreases slowly along the upper branch. At this time, the output voltage can be considered to be a high level. When the input voltage is less than V aWhen the output voltage suddenly changes to the lower branch, the output voltage can be considered to be at a low level. It can be seen that the input and output of the circuit structure exhibit a bistable characteristic, realizing a function similar to that of a Schmitt trigger.

[0040] It should be noted that the value of the bistable threshold voltage is related to the specific circuit structure parameters. For example, for the following parameters: N = 6, the capacitance of the first coupling capacitor is 56pF, the capacitance of the second coupling capacitor is 150pF, the capacitance of the grounding capacitor in the nonlinear resonator is 1nF, the inductance of the grounding inductor in the nonlinear resonator is 1mH, the parasitic resistance of the grounding inductor in the nonlinear resonator is 1Ω, the model of the common cathode varactor diode is BB201 (parameters can be found in the component manual), and the resistance of resistor 3 is 100kΩ, then the bistable threshold voltage is 0.28V.

[0041] In this embodiment, the bistable characteristic of the bistable trigger circuit is derived from the topological interface state, and the robustness of the topological interface state makes the bistable characteristic of the circuit, ie, the trigger function, robust.

[0042] For further information, see Figure 5 The relationship diagram of the output voltage-input voltage after the coupling element provided by the embodiment of the present invention introduces an error of ±5%. It can be seen from the figure that after the error of ±5% is introduced through the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor, the bistable characteristic of the circuit, that is, the trigger function, still exists, which shows that the bistable trigger of this embodiment has a certain tolerance for component errors, reducing the requirements for component processing, circuit welding, external environment, etc. during device production and use.

[0043] In the robust bistable trigger of the embodiment of the present invention, all circuit elements are passive devices, no external DC bias is required, and no external noise is introduced. The bistable characteristic of the circuit is derived from the topological interface state. The robustness of the topological interface state makes the bistable characteristic of the circuit, that is, the trigger function, robust. The trigger circuit has a certain tolerance for component errors, which reduces the requirements for component processing, circuit welding, external environment, etc. during device production and use.

[0044] It is noteworthy that the circuit structure of the embodiment of the present invention uses a one-dimensional chain circuit structure. In other embodiments, a two-dimensional or three-dimensional circuit structure may also be used. The trigger circuit of the analog topological insulator of the present invention may also be applied to a trigger microwave device, a trigger optical device or a trigger acoustic device of an analog topological insulator.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "include", "comprise" or any other variant is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the article or device including the elements. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The orientation or position relationship indicated by "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0046] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bistable trigger with robustness, characterized in that: include: An input port, an output port, a resistor, 4N+1 nonlinear resonators and a plurality of coupling elements, where N is a positive integer, wherein: The 4N+1 nonlinear resonators are connected through the multiple coupling elements to form a chain circuit structure; the first end of the resistor is connected to the input port, and the second end is respectively connected to the output port and the intermediate node of the chain circuit structure, wherein the intermediate node divides the chain circuit structure into a first branch including 2N nonlinear resonators and a second branch including 2N+1 nonlinear resonators; The coupling element comprises a first coupling element and a second coupling element, and in the first branch and the second branch, the first coupling element and the second coupling element are arranged alternately; one end of the nonlinear resonator is connected between two adjacent coupling elements, and the other end is connected to a ground end; the first nonlinear resonator of the first branch close to the intermediate node is connected to the first nonlinear resonator of the second branch through the first coupling element; the first nonlinear resonator of the second branch close to the intermediate node is connected to the second nonlinear resonator through the first coupling element; the end of the first branch far from the intermediate node and the end of the second branch are both connected to a ground end through the first coupling element.

2. The bistable trigger with robustness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nonlinear resonator includes: a grounding capacitor, a grounding inductor and a plurality of nonlinear elements connected in parallel.

3. The bistable trigger with robustness according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nonlinear element is a common cathode varactor diode, a rectifier diode or a variable inductor.

4. The bistable trigger with robustness according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the chain circuit structure, the coupling between the nonlinear resonators on both sides of the first coupling element is smaller than the coupling between the nonlinear resonators on both sides of the second coupling element.

5. The bistable trigger with robustness according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coupling element is a coupling capacitor, and the capacitance of the first coupling capacitor is smaller than the capacitance of the second coupling capacitor.

6. The bistable trigger with robustness according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coupling element is a coupled inductor, and the inductance of the first coupled inductor is greater than the inductance of the second coupled inductor.

7. The bistable trigger with robustness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage-frequency relationship of the output signal of the bistable trigger is in the form of a resonance peak, and the resonance peak corresponds to a topological interface state.

8. The bistable trigger with robustness according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the chain circuit structure, the output voltage of the middle node is the largest, and the output voltage of the node gradually oscillates and decreases from the middle node to the left and right sides.

9. The bistable trigger with robustness according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the voltage of the input signal exceeds the bistable threshold voltage, the voltage and frequency relationship of the output signal presents a bistable characteristic; in the bistable state, the frequency of the input signal is fixed, and the voltage of the input signal is changed, and the voltage of the output signal presents a bistable characteristic with the voltage of the input signal.

10. The bistable trigger with robustness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit topology of the bistable trigger is a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with domain walls in condensed matter physics.

Images