Cultivation method for cucumbers by changing plants and extending harvest period

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of horticultural vegetable cultivation. The present invention provides a cultivation method for rotating cucumbers to extend the harvest period. The cultivation method includes cucumber sowing and seedling raising, planting methods, fertilizer and water management, plant management, and harvesting methods. Compared with traditional cucumber cultivation methods, the method of the present invention effectively compensates for the lack of greenhouse cucumber varieties in summer and autumn by rotating cucumbers in greenhouses, effectively regulates the contradiction between plant nutritional growth and fruit set, and improves light energy utilization. This method not only increases the early yield of greenhouse cucumbers, but also extends the harvest period, thereby increasing the total yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of horticultural vegetable cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method for cucumbers by rotating plants and extending the harvest period. Background Art

[0002] Cucumbers are warm-loving crops that are intolerant to both high and low temperatures, making them a staple vegetable grown in greenhouses. Different regions have different production models, suitable varieties, and crop rotations based on their specific light and heat requirements. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have distinct seasons, with low temperatures and limited sunshine in winter and long periods of high temperatures and strong sunlight in summer, resulting in a shorter growing season for cucumbers than in other areas. Cucumber greenhouse production in this region primarily involves two crops: winter and spring, and summer and autumn. The sowing period for greenhouse production in summer and autumn falls from August to the end of September. During this period, temperatures remain within the summer and autumn highs, and the temperature difference between day and night is small, which hinders the differentiation of cucumber flower buds into female flowers. Early on, cucumber plants produce fewer female flowers and more fruit, resulting in low yields. By mid-to-late November, the outside temperature drops rapidly, accompanied by drastic temperature fluctuations. During this period, cucumber plants weaken and their resistance declines. Major diseases such as powdery mildew and downy mildew spread rapidly, reducing photosynthesis and fruit set. Fruit set is difficult, fruit sets are frequent, and fruit deformities occur, ultimately leading to unproductive growth.

[0003] Therefore, during summer and autumn greenhouse cultivation, the ideal cucumber cultivar should possess a combination of desirable traits, including strong growth vigor, strong female sex, high fruit set rate, well-proportioned cucumbers, high quality, and resistance to multiple diseases and heat tolerance. However, in the region's many years of summer and autumn production, no cultivar has yet met these requirements, nor has the technology effectively addressed the conflict between growth vigor and fruit set. Existing varieties often exhibit high early yields but weak later growth and early disease susceptibility. Alternatively, to maintain plant vigor and reduce fruit set, early yield is sacrificed to extend the autumn harvest period and increase mid- to late-season yields.

[0004] On the other hand, the region enjoys abundant sunlight and temperatures during summer and autumn, necessitating the use of sunshade and other techniques during daily cultivation to improve the environment and mitigate the adverse effects of strong sunlight and high temperatures on cucumber plants. Considering the growth requirements of cucumbers throughout summer and autumn, the current cultivation model uses a low planting density, typically 1,800 to 2,200 plants per mu. Consequently, cucumbers have fewer branches and leaves in the early stages of growth, and low-density cultivation results in lower light energy interception, hindering early yield growth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cultivation method for cucumbers by rotating plants to extend the harvest period, so as to solve the technical problems of lack of cucumber varieties in summer and autumn and the contradiction between plant nutritional growth and fruit-bearing properties.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a cultivation method for cucumbers by rotating the plants to extend the harvest period, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Cucumber seeding and seedling raising: the first seedling raising was carried out from August 10 to August 20, and the second seedling raising was carried out from August 20 to the end of August;

[0009] (2) Planting method: Planting was carried out twice from late August to early September, with a total of 4 rows planted per bed. The first planting was done in the two outer rows, and the second planting was done in the two middle rows.

[0010] The middle row is located in the middle of the bed, with a row spacing of 45 to 50 cm, and the outer rows are located outside the middle row, with a distance of 25 to 30 cm from the middle row; the plants in two adjacent rows are staggered;

[0011] (3) Fertilizer and water management: From the root melon expansion stage to the fruit-bearing stage, apply balanced fertilizer once every 5 to 7 days. After the fruit-bearing stage, apply high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer and balanced water-soluble fertilizer alternately. Apply 8 to 10 kg of water-soluble fertilizer or 5 to 8 kg of urea and 10 to 15 kg of compound fertilizer per mu each time, and spray 5500 to 6500 times of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer or 0.2% to 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves;

[0012] (4) Plant management: Use hanging vine cultivation. When the first batch of cucumber plants grow to 6-7 leaves, remove all flowers and side branches below 4-5 nodes. If there are side branches with melons, top the plants after leaving one leaf. When the plants grow to 15-16 leaves, top them. When the melons on the plants develop into commercial melons, harvest them and then remove the whole plants. Pull the branches of the second batch of plants to both sides of the bed, and change the pruning method to remove all flowers and side branches below 7-8 nodes.

[0013] (5) Harvesting method: The first batch of plants can be harvested after 7 to 10 days when the female flowers bloom after 4 to 5 nodes. Before the whole plant is removed, 4 to 5 commercial melons can be harvested from each plant. The second batch of plants start to retain melons after 8 to 9 nodes.

[0014] Preferably, the cucumber in step (1) is a strongly female or fully female plant, compact, disease-resistant, and high-temperature-resistant variety.

[0015] Preferably, the two plantings are performed 7 to 10 days apart, and the seedlings are in the state of having two leaves and one heart during planting.

[0016] The number of plants planted in the first planting is 1,800 to 2,200 plants per mu, and the number of plants planted in the second planting is 1,700 to 1,800 plants per mu, and the total number of the two plantings is 3,500 to 4,000 plants per mu.

[0017] Preferably, the spacing between the four rows of plants planted in step (2) is 30 to 35 cm.

[0018] Preferably, the time for the two planting and harvesting in step (2) is: the first planting of plants starts to be harvested in mid-to-late September, and the second planting and harvesting ends in late November.

[0019] Preferably, step (2) further comprises covering the inner bed surface of the facility with a black and white ground film, laying a drip irrigation tape with a drip hole spacing of 18 to 22 cm under the film, and laying two drip irrigation tapes per bed, positioned between two narrow rows.

[0020] Preferably, the water supply and topdressing of the fertilizer and water management in step (3) are carried out by drip irrigation, the high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is N: P2O5: K2O = 0.8-1.2: 0.6-1.0: 1.8-2.2, the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is N: P2O5: K2O = 0.8-1.2: 0.3-0.7: 0.8-1.2, and the water-soluble fertilizer is mainly prepared with urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate.

[0021] Preferably, the flow rate of the drip irrigation pipe for fertilizer and water management in step (3) is 1.1-1.3 L / h, and drip irrigation is performed once every 7-10 days before the flowering period of cucumbers, each time for 0.5-1.0 h; after entering the peak production period, drip irrigation is performed once every 3-5 days, each time for 1.0-1.5 h.

[0022] Preferably, step (4) further comprises the following steps: after the first batch of cucumber plants are pulled out, the water supply and topdressing time remain unchanged, the amount of fertilizer used in each drip irrigation is reduced by 30-50%, and the foliar topdressing remains unchanged.

[0023] Preferably, the harvesting in step (5) ensures that there are female flowers in almost every node, and the melon-retaining method adopts "3 melons in 4 nodes" or "2 melons in 3 nodes".

[0024] The present invention provides a cucumber rotation cultivation method for extending the harvest period. The method includes cucumber sowing and seedling raising, planting methods, fertilizer and water management, plant management, and harvesting methods. Compared with traditional cucumber cultivation methods, the present method can effectively compensate for the lack of greenhouse cucumber varieties in summer and autumn by rotating cucumbers in greenhouses, effectively regulate the conflict between plant nutritional growth and fruit set, and improve light energy utilization. This method not only increases the early yield of greenhouse cucumbers, but also extends the harvest period, thereby increasing the total yield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first batch of cucumber planting;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of planting two batches of cucumbers;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a picture of the first batch of cucumber plants after being pulled out and planted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention provides a cultivation method for cucumbers by rotating the plants to extend the harvest period, comprising the following steps:

[0029] (1) Cucumber seeding and seedling raising: the first seedling raising was carried out from August 10 to August 20, and the second seedling raising was carried out from August 20 to the end of August;

[0030] (2) Planting method: Planting was carried out twice from late August to early September, with a total of 4 rows planted per bed. The first planting was done in the two outer rows, and the second planting was done in the two middle rows.

[0031] The middle row is located in the middle of the bed, and the row spacing is preferably 45-50 cm, more preferably 47-48 cm. The outer rows are located outside the middle row, and the distance from the middle row is preferably 25-30 cm, more preferably 27-28 cm. The plants in two adjacent rows are staggered.

[0032] (3) Fertilizer and water management: From the root melon expansion stage to the fruiting stage, it is preferred to apply balanced fertilizer once every 5 to 7 days, more preferably once every 6 days;

[0033] After entering the fruit-bearing period, high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer and balanced water-soluble fertilizer are applied alternately. Preferably, 8 to 10 kg of water-soluble fertilizer or 5 to 8 kg of urea and 10 to 15 kg of compound fertilizer are applied per mu each time, and 5500 to 6500 times of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer or 0.2% to 0.4% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are sprayed on the leaves. More preferably, 9 kg of water-soluble fertilizer or 7 kg of urea and 13 kg of compound fertilizer are applied per mu each time, and 6000 times of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer or 0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are sprayed on the leaves.

[0034] (4) Plant management: Use hanging vine cultivation. When the first batch of cucumber plants grow to 6-7 leaves, remove all flowers and side branches below 4-5 nodes. If there are side branches with melons, top the plants after leaving one leaf. When the plants grow to 15-16 leaves, top them. When the melons on the plants develop into commercial melons, harvest them and then remove the whole plants. Pull the branches of the second batch of plants to both sides of the bed, and change the pruning method to remove all flowers and side branches below 7-8 nodes.

[0035] (5) Harvesting method: The first batch of plants can be harvested after 7 to 10 days when the female flowers bloom after 4 to 5 nodes. Before the whole plant is removed, 4 to 5 commercial melons can be harvested from each plant. The second batch of plants start to retain melons after 8 to 9 nodes.

[0036] In the present invention, the cucumbers in step (1) are preferably strong female or fully female plants, compact, disease-resistant and high-temperature resistant varieties, and more preferably, the compact, disease-resistant and high-temperature resistant varieties are Jinyou 351 and Zhexiu 35 strong female varieties.

[0037] In the present invention, the time interval between the two plantings in step (2) is preferably 7 to 10 days, more preferably 8 days, and the seedlings are in the state of having two leaves and one heart during planting;

[0038] The number of the first planting is preferably 1800-2200 plants / mu, more preferably 2000 plants / mu, the number of the second planting is preferably 1700-1800 plants / mu, more preferably 1750 plants / mu, and the total number of the two plantings is preferably 3500-4000 plants / mu, more preferably 3750 plants / mu.

[0039] In the present invention, the spacing between the four rows of plants planted in step (2) is preferably 30 to 35 cm, more preferably 33 cm.

[0040] In the present invention, the time for the two planting and harvesting in step (2) is: the plants of the first planting start to be harvested in mid-to-late September, and the second planting and harvesting are completed in late November.

[0041] In the present invention, step (2) also includes covering the inner bed surface of the facility with black and white ground film, laying a drip irrigation tape under the film with a drip hole spacing preferably of 18 to 22 cm, more preferably 20 cm, and laying two drip irrigation tapes per bed, located between two narrow rows.

[0042] In the present invention, the water supply and topdressing of the fertilizer and water management in step (4) are carried out by drip irrigation, and the high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is preferably N: P2O5: K2O = 0.8 ~ 1.2: 0.6 ~ 1.0: 1.8 ~ 2.2, and more preferably N: P2O5: K2O = 1: 0.8: 2; the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is preferably N: P2O5: K2O = 0.8 ~ 1.2: 0.3 ~ 0.7: 0.8 ~ 1.2, and more preferably N: P2O5: K2O = 1: 0.5: 1; the water-soluble fertilizer is mainly prepared with urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate.

[0043] In the present invention, the flow rate of the drip irrigation pipe for fertilizer and water management in step (4) is preferably 1.1-1.3 L / h, more preferably 1.2 L / h; before the flowering period of cucumber, it is preferably drip irrigation once every 7-10 days, each time for 0.5-1.0 h, more preferably drip irrigation once every 8 days, each time for 0.8 h; after entering the peak production period, it is preferably drip irrigation once every 3-5 days, each time for 1.0-1.5 h, more preferably drip irrigation once every 4 days, each time for 1.2 h.

[0044] In the present invention, step (4) also includes that after the first batch of cucumber plants are pulled out, the water supply and topdressing time remain unchanged, the amount of fertilizer used in each drip irrigation is preferably reduced by 30-50%, more preferably by 40%, and the foliar topdressing remains unchanged.

[0045] In the present invention, the harvesting in step (5) ensures that there are female flowers in almost every node, and the melon-retaining method adopts "3 melons in 4 nodes" or "2 melons in 3 nodes".

[0046] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The 2020 summer and autumn trials were carried out at the Tongxiang test base in Zhejiang.

[0049] Conventional planting: Plant the 'Zhexiu 35' variety with a plant spacing of 35 cm and a row spacing of 75 cm. Sow on August 12, plant on August 22, start harvesting on September 15, and end harvest on November 23.

[0050] New planting technology: The first batch of plants, 'Zhexiu 35', was planted with a 35cm spacing between plants and a 100cm spacing between rows. Planting took place on August 5th, transplanting began on August 15th, and harvesting began on September 3rd, with the final harvest date being September 13th. All plants were removed after harvest. The second batch, also 'Zhexiu 35', was planted with a 35cm spacing between plants and a 50cm spacing between rows. Planting took place on August 12th, transplanting began on August 22nd, and harvesting began on September 17th, with the final harvest date being December 5th. The second batch of plants were staggered with the first batch in adjacent rows.

[0051] Land preparation and ridge making: Before planting, plow the land in the greenhouse to a depth of more than 25 cm. Combined with land preparation, evenly apply 3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 60 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. Then make small raised ridges with a width of 1.8 meters including furrows and a height of 25 cm. Each greenhouse can have 4 ridges with a furrow width of 0.5 m. The ridge surface is covered with black and white ground film.

[0052] Fertilizer and water management: Watering and topdressing were carried out via drip irrigation. From the root and cucumber expansion stage to the peak fruiting period, balanced fertilizer was applied frequently and in small amounts, with one application every seven days. After the fruiting period, alternating applications of high-potassium (N:P2O5:K2O=1:0.8:2) and balanced (N:P2O5:K2O=1:0.5:1) water-soluble fertilizers (primarily composed of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate) were applied. 10 kg of water-soluble fertilizer, or 8 kg of urea and 15 kg of Kingenta compound fertilizer, were applied per mu (approximately 1.5 kg) via drip irrigation. Foliar spraying of 6,000 times diluted BASF amino acid water-soluble fertilizer was also performed. After the first batch of cucumber plants were removed, the watering and topdressing schedules remained unchanged, but the amount of fertilizer used per drip irrigation session was reduced by 50%, while foliar topdressing remained the same.

[0053] Conventional planting and plant management: Use hanging vine cultivation and single-stem cucumber pruning. Remove flowers and side branches below 8 nodes during the early growth phase. After the fruit-bearing period begins, leave fruits every 3 nodes and remove excess flowers. At the end of the harvest, leave 2 side branches and top them to promote regeneration.

[0054] Plant management using the new technology planting model: Hanging vine cultivation is adopted, and cucumbers are pruned on a single pole. This is to increase the ability of plants in the greenhouse to obtain light and heat in the early stages. When the first batch of cucumber plants grow to 7 leaves, all flowers and side branches below 5 nodes are removed. After that, only "flowers are left with melons" may be left at the nodes. If there are side branches with melons, the leaves are topped after the melons are left. When the plants grow to 16 leaves, they are topped. Once the melons on the plants have developed into commercial melons, they are harvested and the entire plant is removed. At this time, the branches and vines of the second batch of plants are stretched to both sides of the bed to facilitate the branches and leaves of the second batch of plants to obtain more light and ventilation and light transmission in the later stage. The plant pruning method is changed to removing all flowers and side branches below 8 nodes to ensure that the plants have sufficient functional leaves and healthy growth potential. After the second batch of plants enter the melon-bearing period, the melon retention method adopts "3 nodes 2 melons" and is adjusted according to the nutritional conditions of the plants.

[0055] Table 1 Comparison of technical implementation effects

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Example 2

[0059] It will be implemented at the Haining base in Zhejiang in the summer and autumn of 2021.

[0060] Conventional planting: Plant the variety 'Jinyou 351' with a plant spacing of 35 cm and a row spacing of 75 cm. Sow on August 15, plant on August 28, start harvesting on September 24, and end harvest on November 23.

[0061] New planting technology: The first batch of plants was the 'Biyu No. 2' variety, with a plant spacing of 35 cm and a row spacing of 100 cm. Planting took place on August 5th, transplanting was done on August 16th, and harvesting began on September 12th, with the final harvest date being September 25th. All plants were removed after harvest. The second batch was the 'Jinyou 351' variety, with a plant spacing of 35 cm and a row spacing of 50 cm. Planting took place on August 15th, transplanting was done on August 28th, and harvesting began on September 26th, with the final harvest date being December 3rd. The second batch of 'Jinyou 351' plants were staggered with 'Biyu No. 2' plants in adjacent rows.

[0062] Land preparation and ridge making: Before planting, plow the land in the greenhouse to a depth of more than 25 cm. Combined with land preparation, evenly apply 2500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 50 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, and then make small raised ridges with a width of 1.8 meters including furrows and a height of 20 cm. Each greenhouse can have 4 ridges with a furrow width of 0.5 m. The ridge surface is covered with black and white ground film.

[0063] Fertilizer and water management: Watering and topdressing were carried out via drip irrigation. From the root and cucumber expansion stage to the peak fruiting period, balanced fertilizer was applied frequently, in small amounts, every five days. After the fruiting period, alternating applications of high-potassium (N:P2O5:K2O = 1:0.8:2) and balanced (N:P2O5:K2O = 1:0.5:1) water-soluble fertilizers (primarily composed of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and potassium sulfate) were applied. 8 kg of water-soluble fertilizer, or 5 kg of urea and 10 kg of Kingenta compound fertilizer, were applied per mu (approximately 1.5 kg) via drip irrigation. Foliar spraying of 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was also performed. After the first batch of cucumber plants were removed, the watering and topdressing schedules remained unchanged, but the amount of fertilizer used per drip irrigation session was reduced by 30%. Foliar topdressing remained the same.

[0064] Conventional planting and plant management: Use hanging vine cultivation and single-stem pruning for cucumbers. Remove flowers and side branches below six nodes in the early growth stage. After the fruit-bearing period begins, leave fruit every two nodes and remove excess flowers. At the end of the harvest, leave two side branches and pinch and top them to promote regeneration.

[0065] Plant management using the new technology planting model: using hanging vine cultivation and single-pole cucumber pruning. This is to increase the ability of plants in the greenhouse to obtain light and heat in the early stages. When the first batch of cucumber plants grow to 6 leaves, all flowers and side branches below 3 nodes are removed. After that, only "flowers are left with melons" may be allowed at the nodes. If there are side branches with melons, the leaves are topped after the melons are left. When the plants grow to 15 leaves, they are topped. When the melons on the plants develop into commercial melons, they are harvested and the entire plant is removed. At this time, the branches and vines of the second batch of plants are stretched to both sides of the bed to facilitate the branches and leaves of the second batch of plants to obtain more light and ventilation and light transmission in the later stage. The plant pruning method is changed to removing all flowers and side branches below 7 nodes to ensure that the plants have enough functional leaves and healthy growth potential. After the second batch of plants enter the melon-bearing period, melons are left every 2 nodes, and the nutrition conditions of the plants are adjusted.

[0066] Table 2 Comparison of technical implementation effects

[0067]

[0068] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a cultivation method for rotating cucumbers to extend the harvest period, the cultivation method comprising cucumber sowing and seedling raising, field planting methods, fertilizer and water management, and plant arrangement. Compared with traditional cucumber cultivation methods, the method of the present invention can effectively compensate for the lack of greenhouse cucumber varieties in summer and autumn by rotating cucumbers in greenhouses through this method, effectively regulate the contradiction between plant nutritional growth and fruit setting, and improve light energy utilization. This not only increases the early yield of greenhouse cucumbers, but also extends the harvest time and increases the total yield.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for cucumbers to extend the harvest period by rotating the cucumbers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Cucumber seeding and seedling raising: the first seedling raising was carried out from August 10 to August 20, and the second seedling raising was carried out from August 20 to the end of August; (2) Planting method: Planting was carried out twice from late August to early September, with a total of 4 rows planted per bed. The first planting was done in the two outer rows, and the second planting was done in the two middle rows. The middle row is located in the middle of the bed, with a row spacing of 45 to 50 cm, and the outer rows are located outside the middle row, with a distance of 25 to 30 cm from the middle row; the plants in two adjacent rows are staggered; (3) Fertilizer and water management: From the root melon expansion stage to the fruit-bearing stage, apply balanced fertilizer once every 5 to 7 days. After the fruit-bearing stage, apply high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer and balanced water-soluble fertilizer alternately. Apply 8 to 10 kg of water-soluble fertilizer or 5 to 8 kg of urea and 10 to 15 kg of compound fertilizer per mu each time, and spray the leaves with 5500 to 6500 times of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer or 0.2% to 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate; (4) Plant management: Use hanging vine cultivation. When the first batch of cucumber plants grow to 6-7 leaves, remove all flowers and side branches below 4-5 nodes. If there are side branches with melons, top the plants after leaving one leaf. When the plants grow to 15-16 leaves, top them. When the melons on the plants develop into commercial melons, harvest them and then remove the whole plants. Pull the branches of the second batch of plants to both sides of the bed, and change the pruning method to remove all flowers and side branches below 7-8 nodes. (5) Harvesting method: The first batch of plants can be harvested after 7 to 10 days when the female flowers bloom after 4 to 5 nodes. Before the whole plant is removed, 4 to 5 commercial melons can be harvested from each plant. The second batch of plants start to retain melons after 8 to 9 nodes.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The cucumbers described in step (1) are strong female or fully female plants, compact, disease-resistant and high-temperature-resistant varieties.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The two plantings in step (2) are performed 7 to 10 days apart, and the seedlings have two leaves and one heart during planting; The number of plants planted in the first planting is 1,800 to 2,200 plants per mu, and the number of plants planted in the second planting is 1,700 to 1,800 plants per mu, and the total number of the two plantings is 3,500 to 4,000 plants per mu.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The spacing between the four rows of plants planted in step (2) is 30 to 35 cm.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The time for the two planting and harvesting in step (2) is: the plants of the first planting start to be harvested in mid-to-late September, and the second planting ends in late November.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Step (2) also includes covering the inner bed surface of the facility with black and white ground film, laying a drip irrigation tape with a drip hole spacing of 18 to 22 cm under the film, and laying two drip irrigation tapes per bed, each positioned between two narrow rows.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The water supply and topdressing of the fertilizer and water management in step (3) are carried out by drip irrigation. The high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is N: P2O5: K2O = 0.8-1.2: 0.6-1.0: 1.8-2.2, and the balanced water-soluble fertilizer is N: P2O5: K2O = 0.8-1.2: 0.3-0.7: 0.8-1.

2. The water-soluble fertilizer is mainly prepared with urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The flow rate of the drip irrigation pipe for fertilizer and water management in step (3) is 1.1-1.3 L / h. Drip irrigation is carried out once every 7-10 days before the flowering period of cucumber, and each time lasts for 0.5-1.0 h; after entering the peak production period, drip irrigation is carried out once every 3-5 days, and each time lasts for 1.0-1.5 h.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Step (4) also includes the following steps: after the first batch of cucumber plants are pulled out, the water supply and topdressing time remain unchanged, the amount of fertilizer used in each drip irrigation is reduced by 30-50%, and the foliar topdressing remains unchanged.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The harvesting in step (5) ensures that there are female flowers in almost every node, and the melon-retaining method adopts "3 melons in 4 nodes" or "2 melons in 3 nodes".

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