A soil microbial-mediated gas flux monitoring system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a soil microorganism-mediated gas flux monitoring system, comprising a housing, a control module, an environmental condition control module, a soil disturbance structure, a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing and storage module, a deep learning module, etc. The environmental condition control module comprises a temperature control device, a precipitation simulation device, and a natural light simulation device; the soil disturbance structure comprises a rotary tillage simulation rod and a plurality of filaments. The monitoring system of the present invention can accurately simulate the growth of soil microorganisms in a real soil environment, facilitate intelligent regulation of a variety of environmental conditions and simulated soil disturbance, monitor the changes in gas flux mediated by soil microbial activities in real time, and can study the growth of soil microorganisms under different environmental conditions and their ecological impact on the soil in the laboratory, solving the problems of low monitoring accuracy of the impact of soil microorganisms on soil ecology at a larger spatial scale and asynchronous monitoring of changes in gas flux mediated by soil microorganisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial cultivation and ecological monitoring, and in particular relates to a soil microbial-mediated gas flux monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Small changes in soil organic carbon storage can significantly affect atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and climate change. Soil microorganisms play an important role in the earth's ecosystem and can affect processes such as soil organic carbon decomposition, nutrient cycling, and gas emissions. Especially in the field of soil gas flux research, soil microbial activity plays a key role in the production and consumption of gases such as methane, nitrous oxide, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. The changes in gas flux mediated by soil microorganisms have an important impact on greenhouse gas emissions and soil carbon and nitrogen cycles. In-depth research on the relationship between soil carbon and nitrogen cycles and soil microorganisms can accurately estimate and reveal the current and future soil carbon storage and its spatiotemporal variation characteristics, which can provide a scientific reference for the formulation of ecosystem carbon reduction measures. Therefore, the study of soil microorganisms and the gas fluxes they affect is of great significance in agriculture, ecology, environmental science and other fields.

[0003] Soil microorganisms have a great influence on changes in soil gas flux. For example, in rice field ecosystems, studies have found that soil microorganisms play a key role in methane emissions, which mainly depends on the dynamic balance process of methane production by methanogens and consumption by methanotrophs. The emission of methane from rice fields has an important impact on global warming. In forest ecosystems, soil microorganisms can accelerate the decomposition of litter, leading to increased emissions of carbon dioxide in the soil, causing changes in the air gas flux above the soil. Under the current climate warming scenario, soil heterotrophic respiration mediated by soil microorganisms is enhanced, which also accelerates the emission of carbon dioxide in the soil into the atmosphere, forming a positive feedback and exacerbating climate warming. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct in-depth research on the relationship between soil microorganisms and changes in gas fluxes mediated by them.

[0004] However, traditional soil microbial culture and soil microbial-mediated gas flux monitoring methods have some technical and operational limitations. Current soil microbial culture methods are usually based on liquid culture or plate culture of culture media. These methods may not accurately simulate the growth of soil microorganisms in real soil environments, resulting in differences between culture results and actual conditions. In addition, traditional soil gas flux monitoring methods may require a large amount of field sampling and experimental operations, which are cumbersome and costly. The application of existing technologies in intelligence is relatively limited, and there is a lack of integrated solutions for intelligent cultivation of soil microorganisms and gas flux monitoring. In addition, traditional methods cannot monitor the changes in gas flux caused by the metabolic activities of microorganisms in the soil in real time, which limits the in-depth understanding of the interaction between soil microorganisms and the environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a soil microorganism-mediated gas flux monitoring system, which aims to realize soil microorganism-mediated gas flux monitoring in combination with soil microorganism cultivation, and at the same time realize efficient cultivation of soil microorganisms based on environmental conditions, soil biological and physical disturbances, and gas composition regulation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A soil microorganism-mediated gas flux monitoring system includes a box;

[0008] The box body is a closed structure, a door is provided on the outer shell of the box body, and the interior is divided into three sections: upper, middle and lower;

[0009] An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on one side wall of the upper part of the box body. The air inlet is located below the air outlet. A gas flux measurement cavity and a temperature and humidity sensor are provided between the air inlet and the air outlet from bottom to top. A plurality of gas monitoring sensors are integrated in the gas flux measurement cavity. A natural light simulation device and a precipitation simulation device are provided on the inner wall of the top of the box body.

[0010] The middle part of the box is filled with soil microorganism culture matrix; a soil disturbance structure is arranged inside the soil microorganism culture matrix, and a temperature and humidity sensor is fixed on the side wall; the soil disturbance structure comprises a rotary tillage simulation rod and a plurality of filaments, the plurality of filaments are vertically buried in the lower part of the soil microorganism culture matrix, the rotary tillage simulation rod is wavy or a straight rod with spiral leaves, and is horizontally buried in the upper part of the soil microorganism culture matrix;

[0011] A power device, a control module, a deep learning module and a data preprocessing and storage module are provided at the bottom of the box, and a temperature control device and a wireless transmission device are provided on the outer wall; the power device is used to supply power to the electrical device, the data preprocessing and storage module receives data collected by the gas monitoring sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor for analyzing the growth of soil microorganisms in the box and the changes in gas flux mediated by them, the deep learning module establishes a growth model based on the analysis results of the data preprocessing and storage module, determines the optimal growth parameters, and controls the temperature control device, the natural light simulation device, the precipitation simulation device and the soil disturbance structure through the control module to adjust the culture environment in the box; the internal device modules are closed and integrated at the bottom of the box, and have no contact with the soil microorganism culture matrix in the middle layer, and the data preprocessing and storage module and the deep learning module are wirelessly connected to the smart device terminal through the wireless transmission device.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the outer shell of the box body is composed of an inner wall and an outer wall, and a first wiring cavity is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall for wiring of wired electrical devices;

[0013] A support frame fixedly connecting the inner and outer walls is provided at the corner structure of the box shell.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, a support base is provided at the bottom of the box body, and the support base is a telescopic structure. A roller is provided in the support base, and the start and stop of the roller is controlled by a control module.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, when soil microorganisms are cultivated, gas is introduced through the air inlet and discharged through the air outlet to achieve the regulation simulation of the gas composition in the box and the collection of gas samples;

[0016] The air inlet is connected to a steel cylinder storing a mixture of air and carbon dioxide through a vent pipe. The vent pipe is provided with an air valve, and the gas is introduced as needed through the opening and closing control of the air valve. As an optional embodiment, the air inlet is connected to a steel cylinder storing a mixture of 95% air and 5% carbon dioxide through a vent pipe, which is used to supplement the gas required by soil microorganisms in the box under certain circumstances and adjust the ratio of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Under normal circumstances, the air valve is closed to keep the box in a closed environment at all times.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the soil microorganism culture matrix is ​​a soil sample collected from the research area, and the soil microorganisms include one or more of soil bacteria, fungi, and archaea.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the temperature control device includes a compressor, a thermal resistance wire, a condenser and a soaking plate, and the thermal resistance wire, the soaking plate and the condenser are arranged in the first wiring cavity around the box;

[0019] The compressor is arranged outside the box, and an interface is arranged on the outer wall of the box to electrically connect the compressor with the power device and the control module to control the operation of the condenser;

[0020] The temperature control device regulates the temperature inside the box, the temperature range is -20.0°C to 40.0°C, and the control accuracy is 0.1°C.

[0021] The precipitation simulation device includes a water supply device, a water pipe and a water outlet. A plurality of water outlets are provided on the inner wall at the top of the box body. Each water outlet is connected to an external water supply device via a water pipe through an interface provided on the outer wall of the box body. Precipitation of different intensities and modes is simulated by adjusting the flow of the water supply device and opening and closing the water outlets.

[0022] As a preferred implementation, the natural light simulation device simulates natural light by adjusting the light intensity and radiation intensity in the box.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, a cavity communicating with the wiring cavity inside the box is provided between the soil microorganism culture matrix and the integrated module at the bottom of the box as the second wiring cavity;

[0024] A planar connecting rod mechanism is arranged in the second wiring cavity;

[0025] The bottom of the filament is a telescopic structure, and the bottom of the telescopic structure is connected to the planar connecting rod mechanism. The planar connecting rod mechanism is controlled by a control module to drive the filament to be telescoped and moved.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the rotary tillage simulation rod is made of TPU, TPE or silicone, or the main body is titanium alloy and is wrapped with polypropylene on the outside.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, the power device includes a motor and a battery module. The motor is powered by an AC power supply, and the battery module is used to power the system in the event of a power outage to ensure the normal operation of the system.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) The monitoring system of the present invention can be used to study and verify the growth of soil microorganisms and their ecological impact on the soil under different environmental conditions in the laboratory, including temperature, humidity, gas environment and soil disturbance simulation, to solve the problems of low monitoring accuracy of the impact of soil microorganisms on soil ecology at a larger spatial scale and asynchronous monitoring of changes in soil microorganisms and gas fluxes mediated by them.

[0030] (2) The monitoring system of the present invention can accurately simulate the microbial growth environment in the soil, realize the intelligent cultivation of soil microorganisms, and can monitor the changes in gas flux mediated by soil microorganisms in real time and non-destructively to meet the needs of research on soil microbial activities and soil gas emissions.

[0031] (3) The monitoring system of the present invention can wirelessly communicate with an intelligent device terminal (which can be a mobile terminal, computer, etc.), and can display the collected data and analysis results in real time through the intelligent device terminal and perform subsequent analysis and processing. It can also intelligently control various environmental conditions and simulate soil disturbances through the terminal or integrated module, and simultaneously monitor the changes in gas emission flux during soil microbial activity in real time. It can also measure different indicators by replacing different sensors to achieve the research purpose. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1-box, 2-power device, 3-control module, 4-deep learning module, 5-wireless transmission device, 6-support base, 7-soil microorganism culture matrix, 8-rotary tillage simulation rod, 9-gas flux measurement cavity, 10-precipitation simulation device, 11-filament, 12-temperature control device, 13-temperature and humidity sensor, 14-natural light simulation device, 15-air outlet, 16-air inlet, 17-roller, 18-data preprocessing and storage module, 19-first row of wire cavity, 20-second row of wire cavity. Implementation

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] The application principle of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

[0036] like Figure 1 The soil microorganism-mediated gas flux monitoring system comprises a box 1, a power device 2, a control module 3, an environmental condition control module, a soil disturbance structure, a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing and storage module 18, a deep learning module 4 and a wireless transmission device 5.

[0037] The power device 2 includes a motor and a battery module, which supplies power to the electrical device through an AC power supply and switches to the battery module for power supply when the power is off; the data acquisition module includes multiple gas flux measurement cavities 9 and a temperature and humidity sensor 13; the environmental condition control module includes a temperature control device 12, a precipitation simulation device 10 and a natural light simulation device 14; the soil disturbance structure includes a rotary tillage simulation rod 8 and a plurality of filaments 11.

[0038] The box body 1 is a closed structure, and a door is provided on the outer shell of the box body 1. The interior of the box body 1 is divided into three sections: an upper part, a middle part and a lower part. The outer shell of the box body 1 is composed of an inner wall and an outer wall. Between the inner wall and the outer wall is a first wiring cavity 19 for wiring of wired electrical devices; a support frame is provided at the corner structure of the outer shell of the box body 1 to fix the inner and outer walls.

[0039] An air inlet 16 and an air outlet 15 are arranged on one side wall of the upper part of the box body 1. The air inlet 16 is located below the air outlet 15. A gas flux measurement cavity 9 and a temperature and humidity sensor 13 are arranged between the air inlet 16 and the air outlet 15 from bottom to top. The air inlet 16 is connected to a cylinder storing a mixture of air and carbon dioxide through a vent pipe, and a gas valve is arranged on the vent pipe. Multiple gas monitoring sensors are integrated in the gas flux measurement cavity 9; a natural light simulation device 14 and a precipitation simulation device 10 are arranged on the top inner wall of the box body 1.

[0040] The middle part of the box body 1 is filled with a soil microorganism culture matrix 7; a rotary tillage simulation rod 8 and a plurality of filaments 11 are arranged inside the soil microorganism culture matrix 7, and a temperature and humidity sensor 13 is fixed on the side wall; the plurality of filaments 11 are vertically buried in the lower part of the soil microorganism culture matrix 7, and the rotary tillage simulation rod 8 is wavy or a straight rod with spiral leaves, and is horizontally buried in the upper part of the soil microorganism culture matrix 7.

[0041] The power device 2, control module 3, deep learning module 4 and data preprocessing and storage module 18 are arranged at the bottom of the box body 1, and the temperature control device 12 and wireless transmission device 5 are arranged on the outer wall. The power device 2 is electrically connected to the control module 3, the control module 3 is electrically connected to the deep learning module 4, the environmental condition control module, the soil disturbance structure and the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is electrically connected to the data preprocessing and storage module 18, the data preprocessing and storage module 18 is electrically connected to the wireless transmission device 5, and the wireless transmission device 5 is wirelessly connected to the smart device terminal.

[0042] The data preprocessing and storage module 18 receives data collected by the gas monitoring sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor 13 for analyzing the growth of soil microorganisms in the box and the changes in gas flux mediated by them. The deep learning module 4 establishes a growth model based on the analysis results of the data preprocessing and storage module 18, determines the optimal growth parameters, and controls the temperature control device 12, the natural light simulation device 14, the precipitation simulation device 10 and the disturbance module through the control module 3 to adjust the culture environment in the box 1; the internal device modules are closed and integrated at the bottom of the box 1, and have no contact with the soil microorganism culture matrix 7 in the middle layer. The data preprocessing and storage module 18 and the deep learning module 4 are wirelessly connected to the smart device terminal through the wireless transmission device 5.

[0043] A support base 6 is provided at the bottom of the outer shell of the box body 1 . The support base 6 is a telescopic structure. A roller 17 is provided in the support base 6 . The start and stop of the roller 17 is controlled by the control module 3 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the temperature control device 12 includes a compressor, a thermal resistor wire, a condenser tube and a heat sink, and the thermal resistor wire, the heat sink and the condenser tube are arranged in the first wiring cavity 19 around the box body 1; the compressor is arranged outside the box body 1, and the compressor is electrically connected to the power device 2 and the control module 3 by arranging an interface on the outer wall of the box body 1 to control the operation of the condenser tube; the refrigerant is arranged in the condenser tube, and the compressor compresses the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant to promote the circulation of the refrigerant in the temperature control system, thereby realizing the refrigeration of the system. Specifically, after power is turned on, the compressor works, sucking in the low-pressure, low-temperature gaseous refrigerant that has absorbed heat in the evaporator, and after compression, it forms high-pressure, high-temperature steam and enters the condenser; due to the throttling of the capillary tube, the pressure drops sharply; because the pressure in the evaporator is lower than the condenser pressure, the liquid refrigerant immediately boils and evaporates, absorbing the heat in the box and turning into low-pressure, low-temperature steam. When in use, the temperature control device 12 regulates the temperature inside the box 1, the temperature range is -20.0 ° C to 40.0 ° C, and the control accuracy is 0.1 ° C.

[0045] The precipitation simulation device 10 includes a water supply device, a water pipe and a water outlet. A plurality of water outlets are arranged on the inner wall at the top of the box 1. Each of the water outlets is connected to the external water supply device through a water pipe through an interface arranged on the outer wall of the box 1. The flow regulation of the water supply device and the opening and closing of the water outlet simulate precipitation of different intensities and modes. Several feasible implementation methods are: a heat spreader arranged at the top covers the water outlet and a hole is punched for the water pipe to pass through; or the heat spreader at the top is arranged as a non-integrated plate, but is connected by a plurality of independent heat spreaders, and water outlets and water pipes are arranged between the connecting gaps of the heat spreaders. A valve is arranged on the connecting water pipe of each water outlet, and the opening and closing of different valves are controlled by the control module 3, so that water outlets of different numbers and positions can work, and the water output is adjusted by the flow regulation of the water supply device, so as to simulate precipitation of different intensities and modes (local rainfall, total rainfall).

[0046] The natural light simulation device 14 can not only set the light intensity (the unit is generally lux) Lux , you can switch the units on the intelligent terminal or analog system digital display board), and you can also set the radiation intensity (the unit is usually candela cd , the unit can be switched on the intelligent terminal or the analog system digital display board), by adjusting the light intensity and radiation intensity in the box 1 to simulate natural light as much as possible.

[0047] A cavity communicating with the wiring cavity 19 inside the box is provided between the soil microorganism culture matrix 7 and the integrated module at the bottom of the box 1 as the second wiring cavity 20; a planar linkage mechanism is arranged in the second wiring cavity 20; the bottom of the filament 11 is a telescopic structure, and the bottom of the telescopic structure is connected to the planar linkage mechanism, and the planar linkage mechanism is controlled by the control module 3 to drive the filament to stretch and move, so as to adjust the length and curvature of the filament 11. The planar linkage mechanism can be a Chebyshev linkage mechanism or a Crane linkage mechanism, etc. The planar linkage mechanism is a mechanism formed by connecting a number of rigid components with a low pair (slewing pair, moving pair), which can realize the transformation between multiple motion forms and the requirements of multiple motion trajectories.

[0048] The rotary tillage simulation rod 8 is made of TPU, TPE or silicone, or the main body is titanium alloy, and the outside is wrapped with polypropylene. The filaments 11 can be made of similar materials, and the filaments 11 need to be bendable, so they are not made of rigid materials. The direct contact surface between the rotary tillage simulation rod 8 and the filaments 11 and the soil is made of materials that are not usable by microorganisms.

[0049] By using the control module 3 to control the disturbance mode (such as the translation disturbance caused by the change in the length of the filament 11, the disturbance caused by the change in curvature, and the different disturbance modes of the rotary tillage simulation rod 8) and the disturbance frequency, it is possible to effectively simulate the mechanical rotary tillage of agricultural activities and the disturbance of soil animals to the soil. Similarly, the disturbance parameters (mode, frequency) can be adjusted at the intelligent device terminal according to the experimental disturbance intensity requirements. The disturbance mode can be preset. For example, the soil animal simulation filament 11 can simulate the activities of soil animals such as earthworms in the soil microbial culture matrix 7 to achieve a more realistic soil animal simulation disturbance of the soil, change the soil porosity, habitat conditions, etc., which has a greater impact on the growth and reproduction of soil microorganisms, thereby affecting the changes in gas flux in the monitoring system; the disturbance of the rotary tillage simulation rod 8 can simulate the regular mechanical rotary tillage of the soil in the study area, which has a greater impact on the soil porosity, soil bulk density, soil microbial habitat, etc., and thus affects the changes in gas flux mediated by soil microorganisms in the study area. The above two disturbance modes can be used to simulate soil biological disturbance and physical disturbance.

[0050] The sensor in the gas flux measurement chamber 9 can be set according to the needs of methane (CH 4 ) sensor, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) sensor, nitrous oxide (N 2 O) sensor, nitric oxide (NO) sensor, ammonia (NH 3 ) sensors; the temperature and humidity sensor 13 can synchronously measure the temperature and humidity in the simulation system in real time.

[0051] The process of using the monitoring system of the present invention to realize soil microorganism-mediated gas flux monitoring and soil microorganism cultivation is as follows:

[0052] 1. Monitoring system setup and preparation

[0053] Connect the power supply, start the system, and ensure that all components are working properly. The system will first be initialized, and start the power device 2, control module 3, environmental condition control module, data acquisition module, etc.

[0054] 2. Soil microbial cultivation, setting up simulated system cultivation conditions

[0055] Select a suitable research area to collect a proper amount of soil samples, open the door of the box 1, and place the collected soil samples as soil microorganism culture matrix 7 in the monitoring system culture room. On the system terminal control interface, set the required culture conditions, including soil temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration and other parameters, which will be used to simulate the soil environment.

[0056] According to the set conditions, the system automatically adjusts the temperature control device 12, the precipitation simulation device 10, and the opening and closing of the air valve through the control module 3, so that the initial soil environmental conditions reach the preset values, and the intelligent cultivation of soil microorganisms begins. As needed, different nutrients can be added to the soil microorganism culture matrix 7 to simulate the real soil environment. Subsequently, the soil microorganisms under different culture conditions can be sampled and tested by high-throughput sequencing to obtain the types and abundance of soil microorganisms.

[0057] 3. Setting of soil disturbance mode in monitoring system

[0058] During soil microorganism cultivation, based on the control module 3 and the deep learning module 4, the soil animal simulation filaments 11 are adjusted to produce different bending shapes and / or move in the soil microorganism culture matrix 7 by adjusting the planar connecting rod mechanism, so as to adjust the soil animal disturbance simulation; or adjust the disturbance mode and frequency of the rotary tillage simulation rod 8 on the soil microorganism culture matrix 7, thereby simulating the physical mechanical rotary tillage of the soil.

[0059] The deep learning module 4 can optimize and adjust the disturbance mode and frequency of the filament 11 and the rotary tillage simulation rod 8 according to the microbial growth analysis results of the data preprocessing and storage module 18, such as the microbial activity curve, the growth curve, etc., to simulate the soil disturbance as realistically as possible; specifically, under the control of the control module 3, the filament 11 produces irregular bending deformation to disturb the soil. The degree of bending deformation and the disturbance frequency are set and adjusted in the smart device terminal through the deep learning module 4 and according to the experimental disturbance intensity requirements. The filament 11 can imitate the activities of soil animals such as earthworms in the soil microbial culture matrix 7 to achieve soil disturbance. A more realistic simulated disturbance of soil animals changes soil porosity, habitat conditions, etc., which has a greater impact on the growth and reproduction of soil microorganisms, thereby affecting the changes in gas flux in the monitoring system; the rotary tillage simulation rod 8 is connected to the control module 3 and the deep learning module 4 through the internal wiring of the first wiring cavity 19, and the soil is disturbed according to the experimental rotary tillage disturbance requirements. The disturbance frequency is set according to the experimental requirements. The disturbance of the rotary tillage simulation rod 8 can simulate the regular mechanical rotary tillage of the soil in the study area, which has a greater impact on soil porosity, soil bulk density, soil microbial habitat, etc., and thus affects the changes in gas flux mediated by soil microorganisms in the study area. The above two disturbance methods can be used to simulate soil biological disturbance and physical disturbance.

[0060] 4. Real-time monitoring of gas flux

[0061] The system is equipped with a high-precision gas flux measurement sensor, which is placed in the gas flux measurement chamber 9 for real-time monitoring of generated gases, such as methane, nitrous oxide, ammonia and carbon dioxide. The gas flux measurement sensor transmits the collected gas data to the data preprocessing and storage module 18, stores and preprocesses the real-time gas flux monitoring data, and transmits it to the smart device terminal, such as a computer, via wireless transmission, presents the gas flux change curve and trend chart in real time, and stores the data in a table form. The gas concentration background value in the system culture room is measured in advance before the experiment begins.

[0062] 5. Real-time optimization of system operation based on deep learning module

[0063] Based on the deep learning module 4, the system can automatically adjust the parameters of the culture system and optimize the culture conditions of the simulation system according to the real-time data of temperature, humidity and gas flux changes and the simulation results of soil microbial growth. The simulation results of soil microbial growth are mainly based on the relationship curve between the growth of soil microorganisms and the changes in soil microbial-mediated gas fluxes such as carbon dioxide and methane in existing studies, and are determined according to the changes in gas flux in the system. The deep learning module 4 continuously learns and adjusts according to real-time data, and the system can achieve more accurate soil microbial cultivation to improve the efficiency of soil microbial growth and the accuracy of gas flux monitoring. If the system detects an abnormality, the deep learning algorithm will automatically adjust the culture conditions to optimize the growth environment of soil microorganisms, and issue an alarm on the smart device terminal to indicate that the system is operating abnormally.

[0064] 6. Remote monitoring and control

[0065] The system achieves remote monitoring and control through wireless communication technology. The soil microbial culture status and gas flux changes can be viewed at any time through a mobile phone application or computer. The culture parameters can be adjusted remotely to achieve real-time remote control.

[0066] 7. Data analysis, simulation and report generation

[0067] After the data preprocessing and storage module 18 collects the real-time monitoring data, it processes the data based on the deep learning module 4 to analyze the growth of soil microorganisms and the changes in gas flux mediated by them. Based on the analysis results, corresponding charts, trends and simulation predictions are generated on the smart device terminal to show the growth trend of soil microorganisms and changes in gas flux. The system records the real-time monitored gas flux data and generates a detailed data report. And historical data and analysis results can be viewed at any time for subsequent research and analysis.

[0068] 8. End the operation

[0069] When the experiment is completed, shut down the system and stop monitoring the gas flux measurement sensor. Perform necessary cleaning and maintenance on the system to ensure normal operation the next time it is used.

[0070] The above content is merely an example and explanation of the structure of this patent. Any modification or supplement made by technicians in this technical field to the described specific embodiments or replacement by similar methods should all fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A soil microbial-mediated gas flux monitoring system, characterized in that: comprising a box body (1); The box body (1) is a closed structure, a door is provided on the outer shell of the box body (1), and the interior is divided into three sections: an upper section, a middle section and a lower section; An air inlet (16) and an air outlet (15) are provided on one side wall of the upper part of the box body (1), the air inlet (16) is located below the air outlet (15), and a gas flux measurement cavity (9) and a temperature and humidity sensor (13) are provided between the air inlet (16) and the air outlet (15) from bottom to top, and a plurality of gas monitoring sensors are integrated in the gas flux measurement cavity (9); a natural light simulation device (14) and a precipitation simulation device (10) are provided on the inner wall of the top of the box body (1); The middle of the box (1) is filled with a soil microorganism culture matrix (7); a soil disturbance structure is provided inside the soil microorganism culture matrix (7), and a temperature and humidity sensor (13) is fixed on the side wall; the soil disturbance structure comprises a rotary tillage simulation rod (8) and a plurality of filaments (11), the plurality of filaments (11) are vertically buried in the lower part of the soil microorganism culture matrix (7), the rotary tillage simulation rod (8) is wavy or a straight rod with spiral leaves, and is horizontally buried in the upper part of the soil microorganism culture matrix (7); a cavity communicating with the wiring cavity (19) inside the box is provided between the soil microorganism culture matrix (7) and the integrated module at the bottom of the box (1) as a second wiring cavity (20); a planar connecting rod mechanism is arranged in the second wiring cavity (20); the filaments (11) are made of a bendable material, the bottom of the filaments (11) is a telescopic structure, the bottom of the telescopic structure is connected to the planar connecting rod mechanism, and the planar connecting rod mechanism is controlled by the control module (3) to drive the filaments to retract and move; The bottom of the box (1) is provided with a power device (2), a control module (3), a deep learning module (4) and a data preprocessing and storage module (18), and the outer wall is provided with a temperature control device (12) and a wireless transmission device (5); the power device (2) is used to supply power to the power-consuming device; the data preprocessing and storage module (18) receives data collected by the gas monitoring sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor (13) for analyzing the growth of soil microorganisms in the box and the changes in gas flux mediated by them; the deep learning module (4) establishes a growth model based on the analysis results of the data preprocessing and storage module (18), determines the optimal growth parameters, and controls the temperature control device (12), the natural light simulation device (14), the precipitation simulation device (10) and the soil disturbance structure through the control module (3) to adjust the culture environment in the box (1); the internal device modules are closed and integrated at the bottom of the box (1) and have no contact with the soil microorganism culture matrix (7) in the middle layer; the data preprocessing and storage module (18) and the deep learning module (4) are wirelessly connected to the smart device terminal through the wireless transmission device (5).

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer shell of the box (1) is composed of an inner wall and an outer wall, and between the inner wall and the outer wall is a first wiring cavity (19) for wiring of wired electrical devices; A support frame fixedly connecting the inner and outer walls is provided at the corner structure of the outer shell of the box body (1).

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that A support base (6) is provided at the bottom of the box body (1); the support base (6) is a telescopic structure; a roller (17) is provided in the support base (6); the start and stop of the roller is controlled by the control module (3).

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that When soil microorganisms are cultivated, gas is introduced through the air inlet (16) and gas is discharged through the air outlet (15) to achieve a simulated regulation of the gas composition in the box (1) and to collect gas samples; The air inlet (16) is connected to a steel cylinder storing a mixture of air and carbon dioxide via a vent pipe, and a gas valve is provided on the vent pipe, and gas is introduced as required by opening and closing the gas valve.

5. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The temperature control device (12) comprises a compressor, a thermal resistance wire, a condenser tube and a soaking plate, wherein the thermal resistance wire, the soaking plate and the condenser tube are arranged in a first wiring cavity (19) around the box body (1); The compressor is arranged outside the box (1), and an interface is arranged on the outer wall of the box (1) so that the compressor is electrically connected to the power device (2) and the control module (3) to control the operation of the condenser tube; The temperature control device (12) regulates the temperature inside the box (1) within a temperature range of -20.0°C to 40.0°C, with a control accuracy of 0.1°C.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The precipitation simulation device (10) comprises a water supply device, a water pipe and a water outlet. A plurality of water outlets are provided on the top inner wall of the box body (1). Each of the water outlets is connected to an external water supply device through a water pipe via an interface provided on the outer wall of the box body (1). Precipitation of different intensities and patterns is simulated by adjusting the flow of the water supply device and opening and closing the water outlets.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The natural light simulation device (14) simulates natural light by adjusting the light intensity and radiation intensity in the box (1).

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotary tillage simulation rod (8) is made of TPU, TPE or silicone material, or the main body is made of titanium alloy and is wrapped with polypropylene on the outside.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The power device (2) comprises a motor and a battery module, the motor is powered by an AC power supply, and the battery module is used to supply power to the system in the event of a power outage.

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