Method for discharging and segmenting settling heap of tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond

Abstract

The application discloses a method for discharging and segmentally depositing and stacking of tailings of tin polymetallic ore dressing, which comprises the following steps: (1) conveying the tailings of the ore dressing plant to a tailings pond, and discharging the tailings alternately from two ends according to the actual situation of the rising and subsidence of the site beach; (2) setting a diversion dam at a position away from the discharging point by a certain distance, and effectively prolonging the settling time of fine particles under the buffering of the multiple diversion dams; and (3) adding a combined medicament to the tailings wastewater, controlling the pH value of the tailings wastewater after the combined medicament is added, and making the water quality of the tailings wastewater in the wastewater settling area clear after treatment, so that subsequent backwater utilization is realized. The segmental stacking method prolongs the settling time of the tailings, guarantees the water quality of the backwater utilization, reduces the wastewater treatment difficulty, and effectively reduces the wastewater treatment cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety and environmental management of tailings ponds in metal mines, specifically to a method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings ponds. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings ponds serve as storage sites for tailings after mineral processing in concentrators. Tailings discharge primarily occurs through wet or dry methods. The traditional upstream wet discharge method involves discharging tailings and wastewater together upstream of the dam. The tailings settle naturally, while the wastewater, after natural settling and clarification, is either returned to the concentrator or treated to meet standards before discharge. However, due to design requirements for dam height, the wastewater settling area gradually decreases during later operation, resulting in insufficient settling time for fine-grained mineral particles and heavy metal ions. This negatively impacts the concentrator's water reuse and wastewater treatment efficiency. As the wastewater settling area in tailings ponds continues to shrink, wastewater treatment becomes increasingly difficult and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems of difficult settling of fine-grained tailings in tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings ponds, and difficulties in water recycling and wastewater treatment, this invention provides a method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings discharged from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings ponds.

[0004] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation dam includes the following steps:

[0006] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings dam, and the tailings are discharged from both ends in turn according to the actual situation of the rise and fall of the beach surface.

[0007] (2) A diversion sub-dam is set at a certain distance from the ore discharge point. Under the buffer of multiple diversion sub-dams, the settling time of fine-grained ore particles is effectively extended.

[0008] (3) Add a combination of agents to the tailings wastewater and control the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combination of agents. After treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling zone, so as to realize subsequent water recycling.

[0009] Furthermore, in step (2), 1-3 diversion sub-dams are set at a certain distance from the ore discharge point.

[0010] Furthermore, the diversion sub-dam is 100-200mm higher than the beach surface.

[0011] Furthermore, in step (3), the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combined reagents is controlled to be 7.2-7.9.

[0012] Furthermore, the combined agent described in step (3) includes the following raw materials: potassium succinate, polyacrylamide, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for preparing the rice straw powder includes the following steps:

[0014] 1) Remove the moisture from the rice straw, crush it, and sieve it to obtain rice straw powder.

[0015] 2) Add the rice straw powder obtained in step 1) to NaOH solution, control the pH value, and then stir under a certain temperature, microwave power and speed to obtain rice straw solution;

[0016] 3) Centrifuge and filter the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), then dry and grind it to obtain rice straw powder.

[0017] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the NaOH solution in step 2) is 22%-28%.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 2), the pH value is controlled to be 8-9.2.

[0019] Further, in step 2), the rice straw solution is prepared by stirring at a temperature of 60-70℃, a microwave power of 150-200W, and a rotation speed of 200-300r / min for 1.5-2h.

[0020] Furthermore, the rice straw powder mentioned in step 2) has a mesh size of 400 mesh or higher.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0022] 1. This invention uses ore discharge from both ends, which can make more rational and full use of reservoir capacity.

[0023] 2. The present invention adopts a segmented stacking method, which prolongs the settling time of tailings, ensures the quality of recycled water, reduces the difficulty of wastewater treatment, and effectively reduces the cost of wastewater treatment.

[0024] 3. The turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater obtained by the combination of agents in this invention is higher than that obtained by the traditional single agent (polyacrylamide), which shows that this invention has significant progress.

[0025] 4. This invention employs an innovative combination of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate. By controlling the weight ratio of these components, the combination synergistically improves the turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater, effectively shortening wastewater treatment time, reducing treatment difficulty, and lowering wastewater treatment costs by more than 15%. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation dams according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method for discharging, settling, and piling up tailings from traditional tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings ponds without modification. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation dam includes the following steps:

[0030] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings dam, and the tailings are discharged from both ends in turn according to the actual situation of the rise and fall of the beach surface.

[0031] (2) At a distance of 70-80m and 95-106m from the ore discharge point, a diversion sub-dam 100-200mm higher than the beach surface is built. Under the buffer of multiple diversion sub-dams, the settling time of fine-grained mineral particles is effectively extended.

[0032] (3) Add a combination of agents to the tailings wastewater and control the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combination of agents to 7.2-7.9. After treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling zone, realizing subsequent water reuse.

[0033] The combined agent, in parts by weight, includes the following raw materials: 7-10 parts potassium succinate, 3-8 parts polyacrylamide, 85-104 parts polyaluminum chloride, 5-9 parts rice straw powder, and 4-7 parts sodium polyaspartate.

[0034] The preparation method of the combined drug agent includes the following steps:

[0035] 1) Remove the moisture from the rice straw and crush it, then pass it through a 200-300 mesh sieve to obtain rice straw crushed material;

[0036] 2) Add the rice straw pulverized material obtained in step 1) to a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 22%-28%, control the pH value to 8-9.2, and then stir for 1.5-2 hours at a temperature of 60-70℃, a microwave power of 150-200W, and a rotation speed of 200-300r / min to obtain a rice straw solution.

[0037] 3) Centrifuge and filter the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), then dry and grind it to obtain rice straw powder with a mesh size of 400 or higher.

[0038] 4) Add polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder obtained in step 3). Then stir for 1-2 hours at a microwave power of 200-300W, a temperature of 45-56℃, and a rotation speed of 200-350r / min to obtain the combined agent.

[0039] To make the present invention more fully disclosed, more specific embodiments are described below.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation dam includes the following steps:

[0042] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings dam, and the tailings are discharged from both ends in turn according to the actual situation of the rise and fall of the beach surface.

[0043] (2) At distances of 72m and 96m from the ore discharge point, a diversion sub-dam is built, which is 110mm and 142mm higher than the beach surface, respectively. Under the buffer of multiple diversion sub-dams, the settling time of fine-grained mineral particles is effectively extended.

[0044] (3) Add a combination of agents to the tailings wastewater and control the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combination of agents to 7.3. After treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling zone, realizing subsequent water reuse.

[0045] The combined agent, in parts by weight, includes the following raw materials: 8 parts potassium succinate, 3 parts polyacrylamide, 87 parts polyaluminum chloride, 5 parts rice straw powder, and 4 parts sodium polyaspartate.

[0046] The preparation method of the combined drug agent includes the following steps:

[0047] 1) Remove the moisture from the rice straw, crush it, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder.

[0048] 2) Add the rice straw pulverized material obtained in step 1) to a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 22.3%, control the pH value to 8.1, and then stir for 1.9 h at a temperature of 62℃, a microwave power of 160W, and a rotation speed of 200r / min to obtain a rice straw solution.

[0049] 3) Centrifuge and filter the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), then dry and grind it to obtain 400-mesh rice straw powder.

[0050] 4) Add polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder obtained in step 3), and then stir for 1.8 hours at a microwave power of 200W, a temperature of 48℃, and a rotation speed of 250r / min to obtain the combined agent.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation dam includes the following steps:

[0053] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings dam, and the tailings are discharged from both ends in turn according to the actual situation of the rise and fall of the beach surface.

[0054] (2) At a distance of 75m and 100m from the ore discharge point, a diversion sub-dam is built, which is 145mm and 180mm higher than the beach surface, respectively. Under the buffer of multiple diversion sub-dams, the settling time of fine-grained mineral particles is effectively extended.

[0055] (3) Add a combination of agents to the tailings wastewater and control the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combination of agents to 7.6. After treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling zone, realizing subsequent water reuse.

[0056] The combined agent, in parts by weight, includes the following raw materials: 9 parts potassium succinate, 7 parts polyacrylamide, 95 parts polyaluminum chloride, 8 parts rice straw powder, and 6 parts sodium polyaspartate.

[0057] The preparation method of the combined drug agent includes the following steps:

[0058] 1) After removing the moisture from the rice straw, crush it and pass it through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder.

[0059] 2) Add the rice straw pulverized material obtained in step 1) to a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 25.6%, control the pH value to 8.7, and then stir for 1.7 h at a temperature of 64℃, a microwave power of 180W, and a rotation speed of 260r / min to obtain a rice straw solution.

[0060] 3) Centrifuge and filter the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), then dry and grind it to obtain 400-mesh rice straw powder.

[0061] 4) Add polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder obtained in step 3), and then stir for 1.4 hours at a microwave power of 260W, a temperature of 50℃, and a rotation speed of 320r / min to obtain the combined agent.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation dam includes the following steps:

[0064] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings dam, and the tailings are discharged from both ends in turn according to the actual situation of the rise and fall of the beach surface.

[0065] (2) At distances of 76m and 102m from the ore discharge point, a diversion sub-dam is built at a height of 150mm and 191mm above the beach surface, respectively. Under the buffer of multiple diversion sub-dams, the settling time of fine-grained mineral particles is effectively extended.

[0066] (3) Add a combination of agents to the tailings wastewater and control the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combination of agents to 7.4. After treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling zone, realizing subsequent water reuse.

[0067] The combined agent, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 8 parts potassium succinate, 7 parts polyacrylamide, 98 parts polyaluminum chloride, 8 parts rice straw powder, and 6 parts sodium polyaspartate.

[0068] The preparation method of the combined drug agent includes the following steps:

[0069] 1) Remove the moisture from the rice straw, crush it, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder.

[0070] 2) Add the rice straw pulverized material obtained in step 1) to a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 26.1%, control the pH value to 8.3, and then stir for 1.9 h at a temperature of 65℃, a microwave power of 170W, and a rotation speed of 240r / min to obtain a rice straw solution.

[0071] 3) Centrifuge and filter the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), then dry and grind it to obtain 400-mesh rice straw powder.

[0072] 4) Add polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder obtained in step 3), and then stir for 1.7 h at a microwave power of 200W, a temperature of 53℃, and a rotation speed of 300r / min to obtain the combined agent.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] A method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation dam includes the following steps:

[0075] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings dam, and the tailings are discharged from both ends in turn according to the actual situation of the rise and fall of the beach surface.

[0076] (2) At distances of 78m and 103m from the ore discharge point, a diversion sub-dam is built at a height of 146mm and 185mm above the beach surface, respectively. Under the buffer of multiple diversion sub-dams, the settling time of fine-grained mineral particles is effectively extended.

[0077] (3) Add a combination of agents to the tailings wastewater and control the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combination of agents to 7.8. After treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling zone, realizing subsequent water reuse.

[0078] The combined agent, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 10 parts potassium succinate, 7 parts polyacrylamide, 103 parts polyaluminum chloride, 9 parts rice straw powder, and 6 parts sodium polyaspartate.

[0079] The preparation method of the combined drug agent includes the following steps:

[0080] 1) After removing the moisture from the rice straw, crush it and pass it through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain rice straw powder.

[0081] 2) Add the rice straw pulverized material obtained in step 1) to a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 27.8%, control the pH value to 9.1, and then stir for 1.5 h at a temperature of 70℃, a microwave power of 200W, and a rotation speed of 300r / min to obtain a rice straw solution.

[0082] 3) Centrifuge and filter the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), then dry and grind it to obtain 400-mesh rice straw powder.

[0083] 4) Add polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder obtained in step 3), and then stir for 1 hour at a microwave power of 300W, a temperature of 55℃, and a rotation speed of 350r / min to obtain the combined agent.

[0084] Comparative Example 1

[0085] The method of staged settling and heaping of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation ponds in Example 2 is basically the same as that in Example 2. The only difference is that the raw material of the reagent used in step (3) is only polyacrylamide. The missing amounts of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder and sodium polyaspartate are replaced with pure water, which is equivalent to keeping the original total amount unchanged.

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] The method of staged settling and heaping of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation ponds in Comparative Example 1 is basically the same. The only difference is that the raw materials of the reagents used in step (3) are increased to potassium succinate. The missing amounts of polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate are replaced with pure water, which is equivalent to keeping the original total amount unchanged.

[0088] Comparative Example 3

[0089] The method of staged settling and heaping of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation ponds in Comparative Example 1 is basically the same. The only difference is that the raw materials of the reagents used in step (3) are increased to polyaluminum chloride. The missing amounts of potassium succinate, rice straw powder and sodium polyaspartate are replaced with pure water, which is equivalent to keeping the original total amount unchanged.

[0090] Comparative Example 4

[0091] The method of staged settling and heaping of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation ponds in Comparative Example 1 is basically the same. The only difference is that the raw materials of the reagents used in step (3) are rice straw powder. The missing amounts of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, and sodium polyaspartate are replaced with pure water, which is equivalent to keeping the original total amount unchanged.

[0092] Comparative Example 5

[0093] The method of staged settling and heaping of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation ponds in Comparative Example 1 is basically the same. The only difference is that the raw materials of the reagents used in step (3) are increased to sodium polyaspartate. The missing amounts of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, and rice straw powder are replaced with pure water, which is equivalent to keeping the original total amount unchanged.

[0094] Comparative Example 6

[0095] like Figure 2As shown, a traditional method for settling and sedimentation of tailings from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation dam involves upstream wet discharge, where tailings and wastewater are discharged together in front of the dam. The tailings settle naturally, and the wastewater, after natural settling and clarification, is either returned to the beneficiation plant for reuse or treated through a wastewater treatment system before being discharged. However, this traditional method suffers from drawbacks. Due to design requirements for dam height, the wastewater settling area gradually decreases during later operation, resulting in insufficient settling time for fine-grained mineral particles and heavy metal ions. This negatively impacts the beneficiation plant's water reuse and wastewater treatment efficiency. As the wastewater settling area in the tailings dam continues to shrink, the difficulty and cost of wastewater treatment increase significantly.

[0096] Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention improve upon the conventional method of Comparative Example 6 as follows:

[0097] 1. The ore is discharged from both ends, that is, the ore is discharged alternately at the head and tail of the dam, and the water is collected in the middle;

[0098] 2. Adopt a segmented storage method and add two diversion sub-dams at appropriate locations parallel to the ore discharge point.

[0099] The main effects of the improvement are:

[0100] 1. Using ore discharge from both ends allows for more rational and efficient use of reservoir capacity;

[0101] 2. The segmented storage method extends the settling time of tailings, which can ensure the quality of recycled water, reduce the difficulty of wastewater treatment, and effectively reduce the cost of wastewater treatment.

[0102] The tailings wastewater in step (3) was treated using the methods of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5. The turbidity removal rate of the tailings wastewater was tested using a turbidity meter XZ-0101B produced by Shanghai Haiheng Electromechanical Instrument Co., Ltd. The results are shown in the table below.

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from the table above: (1) The turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater in Examples 1-4 is 98.2%-99.3%. It can be seen that the turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater treated with the agent of the present invention is extremely high, which can effectively shorten the wastewater treatment time, reduce the difficulty of wastewater treatment, and reduce the wastewater treatment cost by more than 15%.

[0106] (2) As can be seen from the results of the tailings wastewater turbidity removal rate in Example 2 and Comparative Example 1, the tailings wastewater turbidity removal rate (99.3%) obtained by the combined agent of the present invention is 56.4% higher than that obtained by the traditional single agent (polyacrylamide) (63.5%), which shows that the present invention has significant progress.

[0107] (3) The turbidity removal rate results of tailings wastewater from Examples 2 and Comparative Examples 1-5 show that potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate played a synergistic role in the preparation of the combined agent, synergistically improving the turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater. This is because: potassium succinate can contact the surface of particles in tailings wastewater, greatly reducing the affinity of the particle surface for water, effectively destroying the original water structure on the surface of particles in tailings wastewater, and releasing the surface moisture of the particles. In addition, the long-chain structure of sodium polyaspartate helps to aggregate the particles in tailings wastewater into flocs, thereby improving the turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater. Polyaluminum chloride has excellent charge neutralization and bridging effects on particulate matter in tailings wastewater, and can cause flocculent substances in tailings wastewater to agglomerate into large particles under the action of polyaluminum chloride, further improving the turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater. Rice straw powder contains a large amount of cellulose, which contains hydroxyl groups that can chelate heavy metal ions in tailings wastewater, thereby enhancing the adsorption and flocculation capacity of heavy metals and effectively improving the turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater treated by the combined agents. Furthermore, sodium polyaspartate can complex the cellulose in rice straw powder, enhancing its ability to agglomerate particles in tailings wastewater. This invention employs an innovative combination of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate. By controlling the weight ratio of these components, the combined agents work synergistically to improve the turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater.

[0108] The above content should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of this invention to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of this invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered as falling within the patent protection scope defined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation dam, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings dam, and the tailings are discharged from both ends in turn according to the actual situation of the rise and fall of the beach surface; (2) A diversion sub-dam is set at a certain distance from the ore discharge point. Under the buffer of multiple diversion sub-dams, the settling time of fine-grained ore particles is effectively extended. (3) Add a combination of reagents to the tailings wastewater and control the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combination of reagents. After treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling zone, so as to realize subsequent water recycling. The combined agent described in step (3) includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7-10 parts potassium succinate, 3-8 parts polyacrylamide, 85-104 parts polyaluminum chloride, 5-9 parts rice straw powder, and 4-7 parts sodium polyaspartate. The preparation method of the combined drug agent includes the following steps: 1) Remove the moisture from the rice straw and crush it, then pass it through a 200-300 mesh sieve to obtain rice straw crushed material; 2) Add the rice straw pulverized material obtained in step 1) to a NaOH solution with a mass concentration of 22%-28%, control the pH value to 8-9.2, and then stir for 1.5-2 hours at a temperature of 60-70℃, a microwave power of 150-200W, and a rotation speed of 200-300r / min to obtain a rice straw solution. 3) Centrifuge and filter the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), then dry and grind it to obtain rice straw powder with a mesh size of 400 or higher. 4) Add polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder obtained in step 3). Then stir for 1-2 hours at a microwave power of 200-300W, a temperature of 45-56℃, and a rotation speed of 200-350r / min to obtain the combined agent.

2. The method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation ponds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), 1-3 diversion sub-dams are set at a certain distance from the ore discharge point.

3. The method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation ponds according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diversion sub-dam is 100-200mm higher than the beach surface.

4. The method for staged settling and sedimentation of tailings from tin polymetallic ore beneficiation ponds according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combined reagents is controlled to be 7.2-7.9.

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