A rock crack extension and crushing device and method

Abstract

The present application discloses a rock crack extension and crushing device and method, including an inner blade rock breaking component and an outer blade rock breaking component that are connected to each other; the outer blade rock breaking component is arranged on the outside of the borehole, and the inner blade rock breaking component is arranged on the inside of the borehole. When the device is driven, it generates external pressure and internal tension on the rock, so that cracks are generated inside and outside the rock, and the cracks generated by it are extended and connected, thereby crushing the rock; there is almost no noise in the rock breaking process, and under the same geological conditions and the same machine power, the action point is smaller, and the energy transfer can be concentrated, so that the rock or other materials are subjected to higher stress and pressure in the local area, so that it is easier to break, and at the same time, the position and degree of rock breaking can be cleverly controlled, and the controllability is high. The rock breaking process will not completely crush the rock, so a stone with a relatively regular shape will be obtained. This device not only reduces the energy consumed in rock breaking, but also makes the obtained rock blocks more convenient to transport.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of rock breaking equipment, and in particular, relates to a rock crack expansion and breaking device and method. Background Art

[0002] Rock crushing refers to the process of breaking, crushing or decomposing solid rock materials by applying external force or energy. Rock crushing is a common activity in mining, construction, geological exploration and engineering construction. In the rock crushing process, drilling and blasting, impact crushing, hydraulic crushing and other methods are usually used to break hard rocks into smaller particles or block materials for easy handling, transportation or further processing and utilization.

[0003] Among them, drilling and blasting is a method of breaking rocks by drilling holes in the rocks, charging them, and finally blasting them. Drilling and blasting will cause great disturbance to the surrounding rocks. The energy released during the blasting process will cause the rocks to vibrate and move, which may cause the surrounding rock formations to break and deform. This disturbance poses a potential threat to the safety of the entire tunnel and may cause adverse consequences such as rock instability and rock collapse. This method requires complex operations such as drilling and charging, so the construction speed is relatively slow and the safety risk is high. Strict safety control and monitoring are required, which greatly increases the complexity and cost of construction.

[0004] Impact crushing is the most common method of mechanical rock breaking. It uses the pick of a tunnel boring machine to crush rocks. The pick completely crushes the local rock and causes the rock to fall off the matrix. This method crushes small rocks, produces a lot of dust, consumes a lot of energy, and causes serious wear on the tool. Hydraulic crushing is a mechanical device that uses hydraulic power to crush rocks by applying pressure to them. Common equipment includes a rock splitter (hydraulic splitting rod), which consists of a high-pressure pump station and a splitting rod. The pressure is 120-160MPA. The combined splitting force reaches 1,800-3,600 tons, which requires a certain The hole diameter and hole depth are drilled, the splitting time is 1 minute, and the splitting depth is 1-3 meters. 9-11 hydraulic jacks are evenly distributed on the rod body, which can split the rock over a large area. The rock splitter can provide precise force and pressure, allowing the operator to accurately control the rock splitting process. Compared with the blasting method, the rock splitter can reduce the risks and safety hazards brought by the explosion and usually produces less noise, vibration and particulate matter, and has less impact on the surrounding environment, which makes it more popular in projects that need to be environmentally friendly.

[0005] However, rock splitters use higher forces and pressures and usually require more external energy supplies, such as electricity or hydraulic systems. This means that when using rock splitters, a stable power or hydraulic supply is required, and the effect of rock splitters is greatly affected by the physical properties of rocks. For some special or particularly hard rocks, rock splitters require more force and pressure. If this is not achieved, effective splitting may not be achieved, resulting in poor results. For more fragile rocks, the force applied needs to be precisely controlled when using rock splitters to avoid excessive force causing excessive rock crushing. There may be many cracks and pores inside fragile rocks, which may affect the effect of the rock splitter and may result in splitting results that are not as expected. Accidental fractures and crushing may occur outside the splitting position, affecting the shape of the rock broken block material, which may result in splitting results that are not as expected. It can be seen that the existing technology needs to be further improved and enhanced. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a rock crack extension and crushing device and method, so as to at least solve or alleviate one or more technical problems in the prior art, or at least provide a beneficial choice.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A rock crack extension and crushing device comprises an inner blade rock breaking component and an outer blade rock breaking component connected to each other;

[0009] The outer blade rock-breaking assembly is arranged outside the borehole, and includes an outer blade and a first power mechanism capable of moving the outer blade toward the direction of the borehole; the inner blade rock-breaking assembly is arranged inside the borehole, and includes an inner blade and a second power mechanism capable of moving the inner blade toward the outer blade. The inner blade can expand toward the borehole wall to embed into the rock. The second power mechanism is actuated to move the inner blade toward the outer blade to generate cracks inside the rock. The first power mechanism is actuated to move the outer blade toward the direction of the borehole and then squeeze the outer wall of the rock to generate cracks outside the rock. The internal and external cracks expand and connect with each other to achieve rock breaking.

[0010] The rock crack extension and crushing device of the present invention is provided with an outer blade unit and an inner blade unit. After the inner blade unit is embedded in the crack inside the rock, while being pulled from the inside to the outside, the outer blade unit is also squeezed from the outside to the inside under the drive of hydraulic pressure on the outside of the rock. This causes stress to be applied to the inside and outside of the rock at the same time. Under the external pressure and internal pulling force, cracks are generated from the inside and outside of the rock, and the rock is broken by relying on the crack extension connection. When the pulling force exceeds the tensile strength of the rock, the rock will break. There is almost no noise in the rock breaking process. Under the conditions of the same geological conditions and the same machine power, the action point is smaller, and the energy transfer can be concentrated, so that the rock or other materials are subjected to higher stress and pressure in the local area, thereby being easier to break. The position and degree of rock breaking can be cleverly controlled, and the controllability is high. The rock breaking process will not completely crush the rock, so stones with relatively regular shapes will be obtained, which makes the energy consumption of rock breaking low and the obtained stones are also convenient for transportation.

[0011] In a preferred implementation, the inner blade is composed of at least one pair of inner blade units with sharp corners, and the edges of the inner blade units are provided with cutting edges inclined inwards.

[0012] The sharp angle of the rock-breaking tip can concentrate the crushing force, so that it can quickly embed into the rock. Each edge of the inner blade unit is processed with an inward-inclined cutting edge to increase the pressure in the process of tensile pressure crushing the rock and improve the rock breaking effect.

[0013] In a preferred implementation, the inner blade unit is in an arc, crescent or axe shape.

[0014] The arc, crescent or axe shape affects the distribution and effect of the applied force when splitting an object. For example, the head of an axe is relatively wide and the tip is sharp. This shape concentrates the splitting force on a relatively small area. When the axe applies the splitting force, this concentrated force will produce a greater pressure on the object, which can easily cause the object to crack. The edge of the inner blade unit is inclined, so that when it is pulled outward during the process, the resistance of the object can be reduced by shearing action, making splitting easier.

[0015] In a preferred implementation, the outer blade includes a mounting plate and an outer blade unit, one end of the outer blade unit is connected to the mounting plate, and the other end is provided with an inclined cutting edge, and the cutting edge of the outer blade unit vertically corresponds to the cutting edge of the inner blade unit.

[0016] The ends of the outer blade units are all processed with inward-inclined cutting edges. The setting of the cutting edges enables the rock crack expansion and crushing device to apply greater pressure to the rock during the rock breaking process. The cutting edges of the outer blade units correspond vertically to the cutting edges of the inner blade units, and the number also corresponds to that of the inner blade units, so that the cracks produced by the splitting of the two are easier to expand and connect, thereby quickly breaking the rock.

[0017] In a preferred implementation, the outer blade unit is detachably connected to the mounting plate so as to replace the outer blade unit with a different size or shape.

[0018] In a preferred implementation, the first power mechanism includes an outer piston rod and a first cylinder, the second power mechanism includes an inner piston rod and a second cylinder, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are connected, the outer piston rod is fixedly connected to the outer blade, the outer piston rod and the first cylinder constitute a first hydraulic unit to provide power to the outer blade to move in the drilling direction, and the inner piston rod and the second cylinder constitute a second hydraulic unit to provide power to the inner blade to move in the direction of the outer blade.

[0019] In a preferred implementation, the inner blade unit is connected to an expansion mechanism, and the expansion mechanism is connected to the inner piston rod. The expansion mechanism can make the inner blade unit be located in a first position to maintain a retracted posture to enter the borehole, or be located in a second position to maintain an expanded posture to be embedded in the rock.

[0020] In a preferred implementation, the expansion mechanism includes a third cylinder, which is connected to a rock breaking piston rod. The third cylinder and the rock breaking piston rod constitute a third hydraulic unit. A bracket is fixed to the end of the rock breaking piston rod, and the bracket is provided with a connecting hole. At least two connecting ear plates are provided on the outside of the third cylinder, and the inner blade unit is provided with two through holes. The connecting ear plate is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to one of the through holes. The other through hole is rotatably connected to the connecting hole through a connecting piece, and the movement of the rock breaking piston rod causes the inner blade unit to expand or contract.

[0021] In a preferred implementation, the mounting plate is provided with a through hole, and the hydraulic pipes of the first hydraulic unit and the second hydraulic unit pass through the through hole to connect to external hydraulic equipment.

[0022] In a preferred implementation, the method for using the rock crack extension and crushing device comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1: Before use, according to the expected designed gravel shape, use a punching tool to drill multiple holes in the rock, and the diameter of the holes is smaller than the maximum distance between the sharp corners of the two opposite inner blade units;

[0024] S2: Control the distance between the two opposite inner blade unit corners by adjusting the rock breaking piston so that the distance is smaller than the hole diameter; place the inner blade rock breaking assembly in the hole, and adjust the rock breaking piston rod so that the inner blade unit approaches the outer wall of the rock until the corner of the inner blade unit contacts the outer wall of the rock and is embedded in the inner wall of the rock;

[0025] S3: driving the inner piston rod outwards. Since the inner blade unit has been embedded in the rock and fixed, driving the inner piston rod will pull the entire inner blade unit outwards. The inner blade unit will move inside the rock during the pulling process, thereby expanding the crack.

[0026] S4: while driving the inner piston rod outward, the outer piston rod is driven inward; since the outer blade unit has been in contact with the outer wall of the rock before the rock crack expansion and crushing device is turned on, when the outer piston rod is driven at this time, the outer blade unit will squeeze the outer wall of the rock, thereby generating cracks on the outside of the rock, and destroying the inside and outer wall of the rock at the same time, and the cracks generated inside and outside will expand and connect with each other; multiple holes are drilled on the same rock, and multiple rock crack expansion and crushing devices are used at the same time, and the cracks generated in different holes will also expand and connect with each other, thereby continuously increasing the cracks on the rock, and finally achieving the purpose of crushing the rock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first exemplary implementation of the rock crack extension and crushing device of the present application is depicted;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second exemplary embodiment of the rock crack extension and crushing device of the present application is depicted;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary implementation of the outer blade of the rock crack extension and crushing device of the present application is depicted;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first exemplary implementation of the inner blade of the rock crack extension and crushing device of the present application is depicted;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second exemplary embodiment of the inner blade of the rock crack extension and crushing device of the present application is depicted;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a schematic implementation of a piston rod in a rock crack extension and crushing device of the present application is depicted;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a schematic implementation scheme of the rock crack extension and crushing device of the present application entering a borehole is depicted;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of an illustrative implementation of the inner blade unit of the rock crack extension and crushing device of the present application entering the interior of the rock is depicted.

[0036] Description of labels:

[0037] 10-external blade; 101-mounting plate; 100-external blade unit; 1010-perforation; 1000-blade edge B; 11-first power mechanism; 110-external piston rod; 111-first cylinder; 112-hydraulic pipe A;

[0038] 20-inner blade; 200-inner blade unit; 2000-pointed corner; 2001-blade edge A; 2002-through hole; 21-second power mechanism; 210-inner piston rod; 211-second cylinder; 212-hydraulic pipe B;

[0039] 30- expansion mechanism; 300- rock breaking piston rod; 301- third cylinder; 302- bracket; 3020- connection hole; 304- connection ear plate; 303- connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0041] The present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The specific plans adopted are:

[0043] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a rock crack extension and crushing device and method, comprising an inner blade rock breaking assembly and an outer blade rock breaking assembly connected to each other;

[0044] The outer blade rock-breaking assembly is arranged outside the borehole, and includes an outer blade 10 and a first power mechanism 11 capable of moving the outer blade toward the direction of the borehole; the inner blade rock-breaking assembly is arranged inside the borehole, and includes an inner blade 20 and a second power mechanism 21 capable of moving the inner blade toward the outer blade. The inner blade can expand toward the borehole wall to embed into the rock. The second power mechanism 21 is actuated to move the inner blade toward the outer blade to generate cracks inside the rock. The first power mechanism 11 is actuated to move the outer blade toward the direction of the borehole and then squeeze the outer wall of the rock to generate cracks outside the rock. The internal and external cracks expand and connect with each other to achieve rock breaking.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 and Figure 2The first power mechanism 11 includes an outer piston rod 110 and a first cylinder 111, and the second power mechanism 21 includes an inner piston rod 210 and a second cylinder 211. The first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 211 are connected, and the outer piston rod 110 is fixedly connected to the outer blade. The outer piston rod 110 and the first cylinder 111 constitute a first hydraulic unit to provide the outer blade with power to move in the drilling direction, and the inner piston rod 210 and the second cylinder 211 constitute a second hydraulic unit to provide the inner blade with power to move in the direction of the outer blade. Furthermore, the mounting plate 101 is provided with a through hole 1010, and the hydraulic pipe A112 of the first hydraulic unit and the hydraulic pipe B212 of the second hydraulic unit are both passed through the through hole 1010 to connect with external hydraulic equipment. The size of the through hole 1010 is larger than the size of the hydraulic pipe. When the hydraulic operation causes the corresponding piston rod to extend and retract, the hydraulic pipe can move in the through hole 1010 without hindering the extension and retraction of the piston rod.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The inner blade is composed of at least one pair of inner blade units 200 with sharp corners 2000. The figure only shows the inner blades of two inner blade units and four inner blade units. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that it can also be designed in a three-piece, five-piece or eight-piece design. The edge of the inner blade unit 200 is provided with an inwardly inclined blade edge A2001. Preferably, as the first embodiment under this embodiment, the shape of the inner blade unit 200 is arc-shaped, crescent-shaped or axe-shaped. The arc-shaped, crescent-shaped or axe-shaped shape affects the distribution and effect of the applied force when splitting an object. For example, the head of the axe is relatively wide and the tip is sharp. This shape concentrates the splitting force on a relatively small area. When the axe applies the splitting force, this concentrated force will generate greater pressure on the object, thereby easily causing the object to crack. The blade edge of the inner blade unit 200 is inclined, so that when it is pulled outward during the process, the resistance of the object can be reduced by shearing, making splitting easier.

[0047] As a second preferred embodiment of this embodiment, see Figure 3The outer blade includes a mounting plate 101 and an outer blade unit 100. One end of the outer blade unit 100 is connected to the mounting plate 101, and the other end is provided with an inclined blade edge B1000. In the figure, an outer blade unit 100 is arranged in four different directions on the mounting plate 101, and the ends of the outer blade units 100 are processed with inwardly inclined blade edges. The setting of the blade edges enables the rock crack extension and crushing device to apply greater pressure to the rock during the rock breaking process; four threaded holes are processed on the mounting plate 101 for fixed connection with the outer piston rod 110; a boss is provided at one end of the outer piston rod 110, and four connecting holes 3020 are processed on the boss. The diameter of the threaded hole is the same as that of the connecting hole 3020, so that the mounting plate 101 and the outer piston rod 110 can be bolted and fixed, and the blade edge of the outer blade unit 100 corresponds vertically to the blade edge of the inner blade unit 200, and the number also corresponds to that of the inner blade unit 200, so that the cracks generated by the splitting of the two are easier to expand and connect, thereby quickly breaking the rock.

[0048] In addition, for more fragile rocks, there may be many cracks and pores inside them, which will affect the effect of rock crushing. Therefore, a drilling part, such as a camera and a lighting lamp, can be installed outside the first cylinder 111 or the second cylinder 211 in the present application. After the rock drilling tool completes drilling, the inner blade rock breaking assembly is placed into the borehole, and the distribution of cracks or voids inside the borehole is checked by the camera and the lighting lamp. The rock crack expansion and crushing device can be manually rotated so that the inner blade unit 200 can cooperate with the existing cracks or voids inside the rock to perform rock breaking operations, thereby improving rock breaking efficiency and rock breaking effects, reducing accidental fractures and crushing during rock breaking, and ensuring that the shape of the rock after crushing is within the expected effect. Of course, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that for special or extremely hard rocks, if the camera detects cracks or gaps in the borehole, the inner blade unit 200 can also be embedded in the existing cracks or gaps to carry out targeted rock breaking from the weak points of the rock without the need for excessive energy, and can achieve a rapid rock breaking effect.

[0049] However, the outer blade unit 100 will inevitably wear out during the rock breaking process. In order to facilitate the replacement of the outer blade unit 100, in the present embodiment, the outer blade unit 100 is detachably connected to the mounting plate 101 to replace the outer blade unit 100 of different sizes or shapes. Specifically, the detachable connection method is the existing technology. For example, the mounting plate 101 is provided with a plug-in slot, and the bottom of the outer blade unit 100 is arranged in the plug-in slot. In addition, the shape of the outer blade unit 100 is not limited herein. The outer blade unit 100 can be selected according to the properties of the rock material. For example, when the rock material is relatively fragile, it is advisable to use an outer blade unit 100 with a thinner overall thickness to ensure that the rock crushing shape can meet the expectations. When the hardness is relatively high, it is advisable to use an outer blade unit 100 with a thicker overall thickness.

[0050] As a third preferred embodiment under this implementation mode, see Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The inner blade unit 200 is connected to the expansion mechanism 30, and the expansion mechanism 30 is connected to the inner piston rod 210. The expansion mechanism 30 can make the inner blade unit 200 be located in a first position to maintain a retracted posture to enter the borehole, or be located in a second position to maintain an expanded posture to be embedded in the rock.

[0051] Specifically, the expansion mechanism 30 includes a third cylinder 301, such as Figure 6 A third cylinder 301 is processed on one side of the inner piston rod 210, and the third cylinder 301 cooperates with the rock breaking piston. A connecting ear plate 304 is processed on the outer side of the third cylinder 301 for connecting the connecting rod 303. Specifically, the connecting ear plate 304 and the connecting rod 303 are connected by rivets. The third cylinder 301 and the rock breaking piston rod 300 constitute a third hydraulic unit. The hydraulic pipe C of the third hydraulic unit also passes through the through hole 1010. A bracket 302 is fixed to the end of the rock breaking piston rod 300. The bracket 302 is provided with a connecting hole 3020. At least two connecting ear plates 304 are provided on the outer side of the third cylinder 301. The inner blade unit 200 is provided with two through holes 2002. The connecting ear plate 304 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 303, and the other end of the connecting rod 303 is connected to one of the through holes 2002. The other through hole 2002 is rotatably connected to the connecting hole 3020 through a connecting piece. The movement of the rock breaking piston rod 300 causes the inner blade unit 200 to expand or contract.

[0052] The present invention mainly uses hydraulic pressure as the power for rock breaking, but electric drive and other powers can also realize the present invention, and devices that use other energy sources to achieve similar functions are all alternative solutions.

[0053] In the present invention, the connection between the inner blade unit 200 and the connecting rod 303, and the connecting rod 303 and the inner piston rod 210 is connected by rivets, but pin connection can also realize the present invention, and devices that can realize similar functions by using other connection methods are all alternatives.

[0054] Compared with the traditional rock breaking method "drilling and blasting", the present invention has the step of drilling holes, but the "drilling and blasting method" uses blasting, which will interfere with the surrounding rocks and even the entire tunnel. The present invention uses the cracks generated in the rock to break the rock, completely avoiding interference with other rocks and tunnels. The "drilling and blasting method" has low controllability, while the present invention can cleverly control the location of rock breaking and the degree of crushing, and has high controllability.

[0055] Compared with the traditional mechanical rock breaking method, the "cutting rock breaking" method completely crushes the rock to achieve the purpose of rock breaking, which will produce a large amount of dust and consume a lot of energy; the present invention applies pressure from both inside and outside the rock during the rock breaking process, relying on the cracks to break the rock, and this process hardly produces dust; the rock breaking process of the present invention will not completely crush the rock, so larger pieces of stone with more regular shapes will be obtained, which makes the energy consumption of rock breaking low and the obtained stones are also convenient for transportation.

[0056] The traditional rock breaking method will generate huge noise during the rock breaking process. The present invention uses hydraulic pressure as the power, relies on pressure to generate and expand cracks from inside and outside the rock, and contains almost no noise during the rock breaking process.

[0057] Compared with other hydraulic rock cracking devices, the present invention is provided with an outer blade unit 100 and an inner blade unit 200. After the inner blade unit 200 is embedded in the crack inside the rock, while pulling from the inside to the outside, the outer blade unit 100 outside the rock will also be squeezed from the outside to the inside under the drive of hydraulic pressure; this makes the rock both inside and outside stressed at the same time, and when the pulling force exceeds the tensile strength of the rock, the rock will break. The fracture usually occurs at the weak points or cracks inside the rock, and expands along these paths, and then the rock breaks, which can achieve a good rock breaking effect.

[0058] Compared with traditional splitters, under the same geological conditions and the same machine power, the present invention has a smaller point of action and can concentrate the transfer of energy, so that rocks or other materials are subjected to higher stress and pressure in local areas, making them easier to break, thereby producing a better rock breaking effect.

[0059] The method for using the rock crack extension and crushing device of the present invention is shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , including the following steps:

[0060] S1: Before use, a plurality of holes are drilled on the rock using a drilling tool according to the expected designed gravel shape, and the diameter of the holes is smaller than the maximum distance between the sharp corners 2000 of the two opposite inner blade units 200;

[0061] S2: Control the distance between the sharp corners 2000 of the two opposite inner blade units 200 by adjusting the rock breaking piston, so that the distance is smaller than the hole diameter; place the inner blade rock breaking assembly in the hole, and adjust the rock breaking piston rod 300 so that the inner blade unit 200 approaches the outer wall of the rock until the sharp corner 2000 of the inner blade unit 200 contacts the outer wall of the rock and is embedded in the inner wall of the rock;

[0062] S3: driving the inner piston rod 210 outwards. Since the inner blade unit 200 has been embedded in the rock and fixed, driving the inner piston rod 210 will pull the entire inner blade unit 200 outwards. The inner blade unit 200 will move inside the rock during the pulling process, thereby expanding the cracks.

[0063] S4: While driving the inner piston rod 210 outward, the outer piston rod 110 is driven inward; because the outer blade unit 100 has been in contact with the outer wall of the rock before the rock crack expansion and crushing device is turned on, the outer piston rod 110 is driven at this time, and the outer blade unit 100 will squeeze the outer wall of the rock, and the rock will receive the inward force F1, and the inner blade unit 200 will be embedded inward and squeeze the rock upward, generating a tensile force F2 and a compressive force F3, so an oblique upward combined force F4 is generated, and the rock will crack along the direction of the force F4. By destroying the inside and the outer wall of the rock at the same time, the cracks generated inside and outside will expand and connect with each other; drilling multiple holes on the same rock and using multiple rock crack expansion and crushing devices, the cracks generated in different holes will also expand and connect with each other, thereby continuously increasing the cracks on the rock, and finally achieving the purpose of crushing the rock according to the expected design of the crushed rock shape and size.

[0064] Anything not described in the present invention can be achieved by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "upper" or "lower" than a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium.

[0066] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. However, if it is indicated as a direct connection, it means that the two connected bodies are not connected through an intermediate structure, but are only connected to form a whole through a connecting structure. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0067] In the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0068] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rock crack expansion and crushing device, characterized in that: It includes an inner blade rock breaking assembly and an outer blade rock breaking assembly connected to each other; The outer blade rock-breaking assembly is arranged outside the borehole, and includes an outer blade and a first power mechanism capable of moving the outer blade toward the direction of the borehole; the inner blade rock-breaking assembly is arranged inside the borehole, and includes an inner blade and a second power mechanism capable of moving the inner blade toward the outer blade, the inner blade can expand toward the borehole wall to embed into the rock, the second power mechanism is actuated to move the inner blade toward the outer blade to generate cracks inside the rock, the first power mechanism is actuated to move the outer blade toward the direction of the borehole and then squeeze the outer wall of the rock to generate cracks outside the rock, the internal and external cracks are mutually extended and connected to achieve rock breaking; The first power mechanism includes an outer piston rod and a first cylinder, the second power mechanism includes an inner piston rod and a second cylinder, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are connected, the outer piston rod is fixedly connected to the outer blade, the outer piston rod and the first cylinder form a first hydraulic unit to provide power for the outer blade to move in the drilling direction, and the inner piston rod and the second cylinder form a second hydraulic unit to provide power for the inner blade to move in the direction of the outer blade; The inner blade is composed of at least one pair of inner blade units with sharp corners, the inner blade units are connected to an expansion mechanism, the expansion mechanism is connected to an inner piston rod, and the expansion mechanism can make the inner blade unit be located in a first position to maintain a contracted posture to enter the borehole, or be located in a second position to maintain an expanded posture to be embedded in the rock; The expansion mechanism includes a third cylinder, which is connected to a rock-breaking piston rod. The third cylinder and the rock-breaking piston rod constitute a third hydraulic unit. A bracket is fixed to the end of the rock-breaking piston rod, and the bracket is provided with a connecting hole. At least two connecting ear plates are provided on the outside of the third cylinder, and the inner blade unit is provided with two through holes. The connecting ear plate is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to one of the through holes. The other through hole is rotatably connected to the connecting hole through a connecting piece, and the movement of the rock-breaking piston rod causes the inner blade unit to expand or contract.

2. A rock crack extension and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the inner blade unit is provided with a blade edge inclined inwards.

3. A rock crack extension and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shape of the inner blade unit is arc-shaped, crescent-shaped or axe-shaped.

4. A rock crack extension and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer blade comprises a mounting plate and an outer blade unit. One end of the outer blade unit is connected to the mounting plate, and the other end is provided with an inclined blade edge. The blade edge of the outer blade unit vertically corresponds to the blade edge of the inner blade unit.

5. A rock crack extension and crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer blade unit is detachably connected to the mounting plate so as to replace the outer blade units with different sizes or shapes.

6. A rock crack extension and crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting plate is provided with a through hole, and the hydraulic pipes of the first hydraulic unit and the second hydraulic unit pass through the through hole to be connected with external hydraulic equipment.

7. A method for using the rock crack extension and crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Before use, according to the expected designed gravel shape, use a punching tool to drill multiple holes in the rock, and the diameter of the holes is smaller than the maximum distance between the sharp corners of the two opposite inner blade units; S2: Control the distance between the two opposite inner blade unit corners by adjusting the rock breaking piston so that the distance is smaller than the hole diameter; place the inner blade rock breaking assembly in the hole, adjust the rock breaking piston rod so that the inner blade unit approaches the outer wall of the rock until the corner of the inner blade unit contacts the outer wall of the rock, and then break the rock wall and embed into the inner wall of the rock after applying pressure; S3: driving the inner piston rod outwards. Since the inner blade unit has been embedded in the rock and fixed, driving the inner piston rod will pull the entire inner blade unit outwards. The inner blade unit will move inside the rock during the pulling process, thereby expanding the crack. S4: while driving the inner piston rod outward, the outer piston rod is driven inward; since the outer blade unit has been in contact with the outer wall of the rock before the rock crack expansion and crushing device is turned on, when the outer piston rod is driven at this time, the outer blade unit will squeeze the outer wall of the rock, thereby crushing the outer wall and continuously generating cracks, and the inside and outer wall of the rock are destroyed at the same time, and the cracks generated inside and outside will expand and connect with each other; multiple holes are drilled on the same rock, and multiple rock crack expansion and crushing devices are used at the same time, and the cracks generated in different holes will also expand and connect with each other, thereby continuously increasing the cracks on the rock, and finally achieving the purpose of crushing the rock.

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