Method for rapid repair of embedded underground structures and its construction

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of underground structure embedded quick repair method and its structure.The steel bar connection or recovery process mainly for planting steel bar has secondary damage to lining structure.The repair structure includes embedded reinforcement mesh and steel sleeve;Embedded reinforcement mesh includes longitudinal steel bar and transverse compression steel bar;Steel sleeve is provided with steel spring in compression state, and the bottom of steel spring is provided with force transmission steel bar;Steel sleeve is located at the intersection of intersecting longitudinal steel bar and compression steel bar, perpendicular to lining structure and between longitudinal steel bar and compression steel bar;The top of steel sleeve is connected with longitudinal steel bar by two-way hook, and the bottom end of force transmission steel bar is connected to compression steel bar.The present application embeds reinforcement mesh in the damage range of lining structure, presents outer drum extrusion state, is connected with the pressure of the damage boundary of structure by the compression steel bar staggered arrangement on both sides, further effectively fixes reinforcement mesh, then pours micro-expansion concrete, completes quick repair, process is convenient, and repair effect is controllable and significant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground engineering construction technology, specifically to an embedded rapid repair method for underground structures and its construction. Background Technology

[0002] As a typical underground engineering project, urban rail transit generally runs through the core areas of cities, surrounded by dense structures and in sensitive environments. In recent years, the development and construction intensity along urban rail transit lines has been unprecedented, and urban rail transit has also driven the development of the surrounding areas. Therefore, during the construction and operation of urban rail transit, damage to the lining structure caused by external forces is becoming increasingly common, attracting widespread attention from the industry.

[0003] When existing underground engineering lining structures suffer damage from external operations, temporary repairs are typically performed to minimize the impact on operations and restore normal function as quickly as possible. Permanent repairs or reinforcement are then carried out during maintenance windows. Currently, for repairs of localized damage to the lining structure, rebar installation is generally used to connect the steel mesh to the existing structure before concrete pouring, avoiding the risk of newly poured concrete falling off. However, rebar installation poses a risk of further disturbance or damage to the existing lining structure, especially when the lining structure has been severely damaged by external operations. In actual projects, the damaged area often expands further due to rebar installation, affecting the timeliness and quality of lining repairs and exacerbating the risk of deformation or collapse. Therefore, a change is urgently needed.

[0004] Given that the existing rebar installation technology for lining structures cannot be effectively improved, and considering current lining repair techniques, damage to the existing lining structure is unavoidable, especially when the rebar mesh needs to be effectively connected to the existing structure. Therefore, it is urgent to design a new rebar mesh connection process for damaged areas of the lining structure, particularly when the existing structure has certain quality defects and a small safety margin. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an embedded rapid repair method and its structure for underground structures, so as to solve the problem of damage to the lining structure caused by steel bar connection or restoration processes mainly based on rebar installation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures, the repair structure comprising an embedded steel mesh and a steel sleeve;

[0008] The embedded steel mesh includes longitudinal steel bars and transverse pressure steel bars;

[0009] The steel sleeve contains a compressed steel spring, and the bottom of the steel spring is provided with a force-transmitting steel bar.

[0010] The steel sleeve is located at the intersection of the intersecting longitudinal reinforcing bars and the pressure reinforcing bars, perpendicular to the long axis of the damaged area of ​​the lining structure and located between the longitudinal reinforcing bars and the pressure reinforcing bars;

[0011] The top of the steel sleeve is connected to the longitudinal reinforcing bar via a bidirectional hook, and the bottom end of the force-transmitting reinforcing bar is connected to the pressure reinforcing bar.

[0012] Furthermore, the longitudinal reinforcement includes a central longitudinal bar located in the middle of the embedded steel mesh and side longitudinal bars symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central longitudinal bar;

[0013] The pressure reinforcement bars are located on both sides of the central longitudinal reinforcement bars and are arranged alternately. The pressure reinforcement bars intersect and connect with the side longitudinal reinforcement bars.

[0014] The top of the steel sleeve is connected to the central longitudinal rib via a two-way hook.

[0015] Furthermore, the intersection of the pressure steel bar and the side longitudinal bar is connected by tie wire.

[0016] Furthermore, the steel sleeve includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and four side plates;

[0017] The bidirectional hook is connected to the top surface of the top plate, and the top of the steel spring is connected to the bottom surface of the top plate;

[0018] The base plate has a through hole through which the force-transmitting steel bar passes.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom of the steel spring is connected to the top surface of the scale plate, and the force-transmitting steel bar passes through the bottom of the steel sleeve and is connected to the bottom surface of the scale plate.

[0020] Furthermore, baffles are provided on both sides inside the steel sleeve, and an inlet / outlet channel is provided on the sleeve wall above the baffles, into which a pin is inserted;

[0021] The length of the pin inserted into the steel sleeve is greater than the distance between the two side stops, and the width of the scale plate is less than the distance between the two side stops.

[0022] Furthermore, the steel sleeve below the stop bar has a grooved wall with a glass panel having scale lines embedded in it.

[0023] On the other hand, an embedded rapid repair method for underground structures is provided, the repair method being implemented based on the aforementioned embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures, including:

[0024] Assemble the steel sleeve, with the built-in steel spring. Compress the steel spring until the scale plate is above the stop bar, then insert the pin.

[0025] The overall outline of the embedded steel mesh is designed based on the size of the damaged area and the shape and size of the broken contour of the lining structure.

[0026] Use tie wire to connect the side longitudinal bars and the pressure bars;

[0027] Install the steel sleeve between the middle longitudinal reinforcement and the pressure reinforcement, and embed the embedded steel mesh into the damaged area of ​​the lining structure.

[0028] Pull out the pin, the steel spring releases the pressure and pushes the force transmission steel bar, applying pressure to the pressure steel bar, and the edge of the embedded steel mesh effectively mechanically engages with the broken boundary of the damaged area;

[0029] Within the fracture boundary area, formwork is erected and micro-expansion concrete is poured in. Once the concrete has solidified, the underground structure can be quickly repaired.

[0030] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0031] Multiple layers of embedded steel mesh are installed from the outside to the inside within the damaged area of ​​the lining structure, and micro-expansion concrete is poured in the whole.

[0032] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0033] Beforehand, the scale lines are calibrated on the glass panel of the steel sleeve according to the relationship between the pressure and displacement of the steel spring.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] This invention provides a method and structure for rapid embedded repair of underground structures. A reinforcing mesh is embedded within the damaged area of ​​the lining structure. The outline of the mesh largely matches the boundary of the damaged area, but is slightly enlarged to ensure an outward bulge. The mesh is further secured to the damaged area by horizontally arranged, staggered reinforcing bars on both sides of its center, which connect with the damaged boundary. Micro-expansion concrete is then poured within the damaged boundary area to complete the rapid repair of the lining structure. The method is simple in construction, convenient in process, and provides controllable and significant repair results. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the damaged lining structure.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the embedded steel mesh at the damaged part of the lining structure.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the embedded steel mesh at the damaged part of the lining structure.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a telescopic sleeve (the maximum compression state of a steel spring - maximum pressure).

[0041] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a telescopic sleeve (steel spring in free release state - zero pressure).

[0042] The diagram is labeled as follows:

[0043] 1- Lining structure, 2- Damaged area, 3- Broken outline, 4- Embedded steel mesh, 41- Longitudinal reinforcement, 42- Pressure reinforcement, 43- Connection node between steel sleeve and steel mesh, 5- Broken boundary, 6- Micro-expansion concrete, 7- Bidirectional hook, 8- Steel sleeve, 9- Steel spring, 10- Pin, 11- Scale plate, 12- Stop bar, 13- Scale line, 14- Glass panel, 15- Force transmission reinforcement. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "setting," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] In a specific implementation, Figure 1 The direction from top to bottom is defined as longitudinal, the direction perpendicular to it is defined as transverse, and the direction perpendicular to the lining structure 1 is defined as radial.

[0048] like Figure 1 In underground engineering, existing lining structures 1 are affected by external operations, resulting in damage or even penetration at certain points, forming a through-damaged area 2 with a broken outline 3 around it. This invention provides an embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures, employing a novel steel mesh hanging method to repair the damaged area 2, featuring a simple operation process and reliable connection and fixation.

[0049] The repair structure includes an embedded steel mesh 4 and a steel sleeve 8.

[0050] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The embedded steel mesh 4 includes longitudinal steel bars 41 and transverse pressure steel bars 42. The longitudinal steel bars 41 include a central longitudinal bar located in the middle and symmetrically arranged side longitudinal bars on both sides of the central longitudinal bar. The pressure steel bars 42 are located on both sides of the central longitudinal bar and are staggered. The pressure steel bars 42 intersect with the side longitudinal bars and are connected by tie wires. The pressure steel bars 42 can move freely laterally (the tie wires fix their position but do not restrict their movement). The natural outline of the embedded steel mesh 4 basically matches the damaged boundary 5, and its overall size is slightly larger to facilitate the formation of a certain compressive force at the damaged boundary 5.

[0051] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 The steel sleeve 8 is generally in the form of a flat cube, with its thickness matching the diameter of the steel spring 9 and its length matching the maximum size of the steel spring 9 in its natural extension and contraction state. It includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and four side plates. The steel spring 9, in a compressed state, is housed inside the steel sleeve 8. The top of the steel spring 9 is connected to the bottom surface of the top plate, and the bottom of the steel spring 9 is connected to the force-transmitting reinforcing bar 15. A through hole is provided on the bottom plate, through which the pressure reinforcing bar 42 passes. The steel sleeve 8 is located at the intersection of the intersecting middle reinforcing bar and the pressure reinforcing bar 42, i.e. Figure 2 The steel sleeve 8 is connected to the reinforcing mesh at node 43, which is perpendicular to the long axis of the damaged area 2 of the lining structure 1 and located between the longitudinal reinforcing bars 41 and the pressure reinforcing bars 42. The top of the steel sleeve 8 is connected to the middle reinforcing bar via a bidirectional hook 7, and the bottom end of the force-transfer reinforcing bar 15 is welded to the pressure reinforcing bar 42. The bidirectional hook 7 is connected to the top surface of the top plate of the steel sleeve 8.

[0052] In addition, a scale plate 11 is provided inside the steel sleeve 8. The bottom of the steel spring 9 is connected to the top surface of the scale plate 11, and the force-transmitting steel bar 15 passes through the bottom of the steel sleeve 8 and connects to the bottom surface of the scale plate 11. Stop bars 12 are provided on both sides inside the steel sleeve 8. An inlet / outlet channel is provided on the wall of the steel sleeve 8 above the stop bars 12, and a pin 10 is inserted therein. The length of the pin 10 inserted into the steel sleeve 8 is greater than the distance between the stop bars 12 on both sides, and the width of the scale plate 11 is less than the distance between the stop bars 12 on both sides. The initial vertical displacement of the scale plate 11 is controlled by the pin 10, which is fixed by the stop bars 12 provided inside the steel sleeve 8. A groove is provided on the wall of the steel sleeve 8 below the stop bars 12, and a glass panel 14 with scale lines 13 is embedded therein. Specifically, glass panels 14 can be installed on both sides of the steel sleeve 8. The width of the glass panel 14 is slightly smaller than the width of the steel sleeve 8. Pressure scale lines 13 are set on the glass panel 14. The scale lines 13 need to be calibrated in advance based on the spring extension length. When the steel spring 9 is in its maximum extension state, the scale plate 11 is exactly located at the bottom of the steel sleeve 8, and the pressure at the corresponding scale line 13 is zero.

[0053] Under the elastic force of the steel spring 9, the pressure steel bar 42 and the damaged contour 3 of the lining structure 1 can achieve effective interlocking contact. In addition, the overall outward convex compression effect formed by the compression of the embedded steel mesh 4 ensures that the embedded steel mesh 4 is effectively embedded in the damaged area 2 of the lining structure 1, thereby achieving the connection purpose of "mechanical anchoring and effective embedding" between the embedded steel mesh 4 and the lining structure 1. Subsequently, micro-expansion concrete 6 is poured in a timely manner on this basis to achieve the purpose of rapid repair of the damaged part. Since the "interlocking force" between the pressure steel bar 42 and the damaged boundary 5 can be effectively adjusted by the reverse elastic force of the steel spring 9, when the thickness of the lining structure 1 is relatively small and the damaged contour 3 is relatively smooth, the reverse elastic force of the steel spring 9 needs to be relatively large; conversely, if the lining structure 1 is relatively thick and the damaged contour 3 is relatively rough, the reverse elastic force of the steel spring 9 can be relatively small, and multiple layers of embedded steel mesh 4 can be arranged in the lining thickness direction.

[0054] In the above structure, the steel sleeve 8, steel spring 9, pin 10, stop bar 12 and scale plate 11 can all be made of Q235 steel, the lining structure 1 and micro-expansion concrete 6 can be made of C35 or higher grade concrete, the embedded steel mesh 4, longitudinal steel bar 41, pressure steel bar 42, force transmission steel bar 15 can be made of ordinary HRB335 steel bar, and the glass panel 14 can be made of high-strength organic glass.

[0055] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for embedded rapid repair of underground structures, implemented based on the above-mentioned embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures, including:

[0056] Step 1: Assemble the steel sleeve 8, with the built-in steel spring 9. Compress the steel spring 9 until the scale plate 11 is above the stop bar 12, then insert the pin 10. At this time, the steel spring 9 is in its initial state, that is, in its maximum compressed state. After the pressure of the steel spring 9 is released, the load on the corresponding pressure steel bar 42 is at its maximum.

[0057] Specifically, based on the overall flat rectangular structure of the steel sleeve 8, six steel plates are fabricated: one for the front and back sides, one for the left and right sides, one for the top and bottom sides, and one for the top plate, bottom plate, and four side plates. According to the overall length of the steel spring 9 under maximum compression, retaining strips 12 are welded to the corresponding positions on the two inner sidewalls of the steel sleeve 8, and an opening is made on one side, the width of which matches the thickness of the pin 10. Based on the position of the retaining strips 12, the lower middle part of both the front and back steel plates is hollowed out, the width of the hollowed-out area being smaller than the width of the steel plate. Then, a glass panel 14 with graduated markings is embedded into the hollowed-out area of ​​both the front and back steel plates. The graduated markings are pre-calibrated based on the relationship between spring pressure and displacement. According to the spatial dimensions of the steel sleeve 8, five steel plates are welded together, leaving a bottom opening, forming a spatial rectangular steel structure cube with a bottom opening. Weld the bottom of the steel spring 9 to the scale plate 11, and weld the bottom of the scale plate 11 to the force-transmitting reinforcing bar 15. Then, insert the steel spring 9 into the steel sleeve 8 from bottom to top, and insert the pin 10 when the steel spring 9 reaches its maximum compression state. Seal the bottom of the steel sleeve 8 with a steel plate, and leave a hole in the middle of the bottom steel plate to ensure that the force-transmitting reinforcing bar 15 can pass through freely. Make a bidirectional hook 7 that can bear force in two directions according to requirements, and weld the bidirectional hook 7 to the top of the steel sleeve 8. Then, mechanically connect the bidirectional hook 7 to the longitudinal reinforcing bar 41 in the middle of the embedded reinforcing mesh 4 to form a specific connection node at the connection point. Weld the force-transmitting reinforcing bar 15 extending from the bottom of the steel sleeve 8 to the pressure reinforcing bar 42 in the reinforcing mesh. During welding, ensure that the other end of the pressure reinforcing bar 42 is tightly pressed against the damaged boundary 3 of the lining structure 1.

[0058] Step 2: Based on the size of the damaged area 2 and the shape and size of the broken outline 3 of the lining structure 1, design the overall outline of the embedded steel mesh 4, ensuring that its outline width is slightly larger than the broken outline 3. Generally, the size of the embedded steel mesh 4 at the maximum width in the middle part can be considered to be 1-3cm larger than the broken outline 3.

[0059] Step 3: The embedded steel mesh 4 is formed by binding longitudinal steel bars 41 and alternating left and right pressure steel bars 42 with tie wire. The tie wire only serves to fix the position of the pressure steel bars 42, and at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the pressure steel bars 42 pass horizontally through the tie wire holes. The pressure steel bars 42 of the embedded steel mesh 4 are not directly connected to the middle longitudinal bars. A space for steel sleeves 8 is reserved at the connection node. At the maximum width in the middle, the horizontal spacing of the longitudinal steel bars 41 can be considered as 3-5cm, and the vertical spacing of the pressure steel bars 42 can be considered as 2-4cm. They are arranged alternately left and right along the longitudinal direction of the embedded steel mesh 4, and the diameter of the steel bars can be considered as 10-16mm.

[0060] Step 4: Install the steel sleeve 8 between the middle longitudinal reinforcement and the pressure reinforcement 42, and embed the prepared embedded steel mesh 4 into the damaged area 2 of the lining structure 1. The embedded steel mesh 4 presents an outward convex extrusion state under a certain pressure.

[0061] Step 5: Pull out the pin 10, the steel spring 9 releases pressure and pushes the force transmission steel bar 15, applying pressure to the pressure steel bar 42, and the edge of the embedded steel mesh 4 effectively mechanically engages with the broken boundary 5 of the damaged area 2.

[0062] Step 6: Pour micro-expansion concrete 6 within the broken boundary 5 to complete the rapid repair of the underground structure.

[0063] After being embedded in the damaged area 2, the embedded steel mesh 4 exhibits a certain degree of outward bulging and compression, which is beneficial for the overall interlocking contact between the embedded steel mesh 4 and the damaged contour 3. At the same time, one or more layers of embedded steel mesh 4 can be arranged in the thickness direction of the lining structure 1, which can be flexibly set according to the thickness of the lining structure 1. Generally, when the thickness of the lining structure 1 is within 300mm, one layer can be considered. For every 100mm increase in thickness, an additional layer of embedded steel mesh 4 can be considered. The multiple layers of embedded steel mesh 4 are then integrally filled with micro-expansion concrete 6.

[0064] The following points should be noted during the implementation of the method:

[0065] 1. When designing embedded steel mesh based on the area of ​​the damaged region 2 and the shape and size of the damaged outline 3, its overall shape may be circular, elliptical or even rectangular. The spacing and diameter of the steel bars should be adjusted accordingly.

[0066] 2. The horizontal pressure transmitted by the bottom reinforcing bar 15 of the steel sleeve 8 is generally not less than 10kN. The specific value can be determined by comprehensively considering the size of the damaged area 2 and the smoothness of the sidewall of the broken profile 3.

[0067] 3. In order to strengthen the interlocking force between the embedded steel mesh 4 and the broken contour 3, the width of the steel mesh needs to be slightly enlarged to ensure that there is a significant overall embedding effect after it is placed in the damaged area 2 and that it presents an outward convex extrusion state. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the outward convex width direction and the position of the central steel bar in advance according to the specific situation of the damaged area 2.

[0068] 4. The size of the steel sleeve 8 needs to match the spacing of the embedded steel mesh 4 and the longitudinal steel bars 41.

[0069] The structure of the present invention has the following features and advantages:

[0070] 1) Based on the concept of "mechanical anchoring and effective embedding", this invention effectively embeds the steel mesh into the damaged area of ​​the lining structure through the combined action of overall extrusion embedding and mechanical anchoring of pressure steel bars and broken boundaries. Since the steel mesh is prefabricated according to the shape and size of the damage, the on-site work is simple and convenient. The steel mesh can be embedded and the micro-expansion concrete can be poured in the first time. For municipal projects that need to restore normal operation as soon as possible, it can greatly reduce the adverse impact of local damage on normal operation.

[0071] 2) Generally, after a lining structure is partially broken or collapses due to external forces, the lining structure at the breakage boundary is usually quite sensitive. If further reinforcement is used, it may further increase the instability of the lining structure at the breakage boundary, and even lead to further expansion of the broken area, further development of structural cracks and lining collapse, and may even affect the overall stability of the lining structure, such as the risk of local collapse. This invention uses embedded steel mesh, which avoids the conventional reinforcement construction at the lining breakage boundary, minimizes the disturbance to the damaged lining structure, and can maximize the load-bearing capacity and stability of the existing damaged lining structure.

[0072] 3) The quantity of steel mesh can be determined by considering the thickness of the lining structure and the size of the damaged area. Generally, if the thickness of the lining structure is less than 300 mm, one layer can be considered. For every 100 mm increase in thickness, an additional layer of steel mesh can be considered. The process is simple and easy to construct, with high economic and social benefits. It has broad application prospects in structural engineering projects such as rail transit and railway projects.

[0073] The above examples illustrate the present invention only to aid in understanding it and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various simple deductions, modifications, or substitutions based on the principles of this invention.

Claims

1. An embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures, characterized in that: The repair structure includes an embedded steel mesh (4) and a steel sleeve (8); The embedded steel mesh (4) includes longitudinal steel bars (41) and transverse pressure steel bars (42); The steel sleeve (8) is provided with a steel spring (9) in a compressed state, and the bottom of the steel spring (9) is provided with a force-transmitting steel bar (15); The steel sleeve (8) is located at the intersection of the intersecting longitudinal steel bar (41) and the pressure steel bar (42), perpendicular to the long axis of the damaged area (2) of the lining structure (1) and located between the longitudinal steel bar (41) and the pressure steel bar (42); The top of the steel sleeve (8) is connected to the longitudinal reinforcing bar (41) via a bidirectional hook (7), and the bottom end of the force transmission reinforcing bar (15) is connected to the pressure reinforcing bar (42).

2. The embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal reinforcement (41) includes a central longitudinal reinforcement located in the middle of the embedded steel mesh (4) and side longitudinal reinforcements symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central longitudinal reinforcement. The pressure reinforcement (42) is located on both sides of the central longitudinal reinforcement and is arranged in an alternating manner. The pressure reinforcement (42) intersects with and is connected to the side longitudinal reinforcement. The top of the steel sleeve (8) is connected to the central longitudinal rib via a two-way hook (7).

3. The embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intersection of the pressure steel bar (42) and the side longitudinal bar is connected by tie wire.

4. The embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steel sleeve (8) includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and four side plates; The bidirectional hook (7) is connected to the top surface of the top plate, and the top of the steel spring (9) is connected to the bottom surface of the top plate; The base plate is provided with a through hole, through which the force transmission steel bar (15) passes.

5. The embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the steel spring (9) is connected to the top surface of the scale plate (11), and the force transmission steel bar (15) passes through the bottom of the steel sleeve (8) and is connected to the bottom surface of the scale plate (11).

6. The embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steel sleeve (8) has baffles (12) on both sides inside, and the steel sleeve (8) above the baffles (12) has an inlet and outlet channel and a pin (10) is inserted therein. The length of the pin (10) inserted into the steel sleeve (8) is greater than the distance between the two sides of the stop bar (12), and the width of the scale plate (11) is less than the distance between the two sides of the stop bar (12).

7. The embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steel sleeve (8) below the stop bar (12) has a grooved glass panel (14) with scale lines (13) embedded in its cylinder wall.

8. A rapid embedded repair method for underground structures, characterized in that: The repair method is implemented based on the embedded rapid repair structure for underground structures as described in claim 7, and includes: Assemble the steel sleeve (8), with the built-in steel spring (9), compress the steel spring (9) until the scale plate (11) is above the stop bar (12), and then insert the pin (10); Based on the size of the damaged area (2) and the shape and size of the broken outline (3) of the lining structure (1), the overall outline of the embedded steel mesh (4) is designed; Use tie wire to connect the side longitudinal bars and the pressure bars (42); Install the steel sleeve (8) between the middle longitudinal reinforcement and the pressure reinforcement (42), and embed the embedded steel mesh (4) into the damaged area (2) of the lining structure (1); Pull out the pin (10), the steel spring (9) releases pressure and pushes the force transmission steel bar (15) to apply pressure to the pressure steel bar (42), and the edge of the embedded steel mesh (4) effectively mechanically engages with the broken boundary (5) of the damaged area (2); Within the fracture boundary (5), formwork is erected and micro-expansion concrete (6) is poured. Once the concrete has solidified, the underground structure is repaired quickly.

9. The embedded rapid repair method for underground structures according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method further includes: In the damaged area (2) of the lining structure (1), a multi-layer embedded steel mesh (4) is set from the outside to the inside, and micro-expansion concrete (6) is poured in the whole.

10. The embedded rapid repair method for underground structures according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method further includes: Beforehand, the scale line (13) is calibrated on the glass panel (14) of the steel sleeve (8) according to the pressure and displacement relationship of the steel spring (9).

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