Preparation method of cut stem and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a preparation method of cut stem, which comprises the following steps: washing tobacco stems, then adopting conjugate grinding, steaming, sealed fermentation, inactivation, cut stem preparation, and obtaining the cut stem; the double screw distance of the conjugate grinding is 0.3-0.5 mm. The tobacco stems are ground, the epidermis is split and broken, the difficulty of back penetration is reduced, the uniformity of the moisture of the tobacco stems is improved, the low-oxygen sealed fermentation technology is adopted without any addition, the content of lignin and pectin in the tobacco stems is obviously reduced, and the sensory quality of the cut stem is obviously improved. The application also provides a cigarette comprising the cut stem. The lignin content of the cut stem prepared by the method is 9.17-9.84 wt%, the content of pectin is 2.63-3.01 wt%, and the sensory score is more than 67.9.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of cigarettes, and particularly relates to a preparation method of stem shreds and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important component of cigarette formula, stem shreds have the functions of reducing cigarette cost, improving the use value of raw materials, reducing cigarette tar and nicotine, etc., and have been used by cigarette processing enterprises for a long time. The processing raw material of stem shreds is tobacco stem, which is different from tobacco leaves, and contains a large amount of lignin and pectin in its main components. The traditional stem shred processing technology mainly changes the shape of tobacco stem, and through processes such as moisture absorption, stem pressing, stem shred cutting, stem shred drying, etc., the tobacco stem is processed into stem shreds that can be used in cigarette formula. The moisture absorption of tobacco stem is difficult, the moisture is uneven, and a large amount of stem shreds are generated in the process of cutting stem shreds, which can cause the cigarette to be pierced during the cigarette rolling process, affect the stability of the weight of the cigarette, and cause the burning cone to fall off during combustion.

[0003] The traditional stem shred processing process mainly changes the physical properties and the shape of tobacco stem, and the main components of stem shreds are still lignin and pectin. Lignin combustion produces woody gas, and pectin combustion produces miscellaneous gas, which both have adverse effects on the sensory quality of cigarettes. Therefore, the application of stem shreds is greatly limited, and they are generally only used in low-end cigarettes. In high-end cigarettes, the proportion of stem shreds is generally not more than 5%, which seriously limits the use of stem shreds in cigarettes, especially in high-end cigarettes. With the increasing demand for green production, cost reduction and efficiency improvement, and reduction of cigarette tar, the importance of stem shreds is increasingly prominent, which puts forward higher requirements for the quality of stem shreds. However, the traditional processing technology has limited effect on improving the quality of stem shreds, especially the sensory quality. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation method of stem shreds and application thereof. The method splits and crushes the epidermis of tobacco stem by grinding, reduces the moisture absorption difficulty of tobacco stem, improves the uniformity of the moisture of tobacco stem, and then ferments without any addition, so that the content of lignin and pectin in tobacco stem is significantly reduced, the content of lignin is reduced by about 10%, the content of pectin is reduced by about 80%, and the sensory quality of stem shreds is significantly improved.

[0005] The present application provides a preparation method of stem shreds, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] After the tobacco stem is washed, it is ground by a conjugate grinder, then steamed, sealed and fermented, inactivated, and processed into stem shreds to obtain the stem shreds.

[0007] The distance between the two screws of the conjugate grinder is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0008] The tobacco stem is washed at a temperature of 45-60 DEG C for 20-30 seconds, and the moisture content of the washed tobacco stem is 25-30 wt%. In specific embodiments, the washing temperature is 45 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C or 60 DEG C; and the washing time is 25 seconds or 30 seconds.

[0009] The conjugate stem grinding device is adopted, and the two screws rotate in clockwise and counterclockwise directions respectively, the tobacco stem is extruded by the two screws, and the surface layer of the tobacco stem is broken; the distance between the two screws of the conjugate stem grinding device is 0.3-0.5 mm; in specific embodiments, the distance between the two screws is 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm or 0.5 mm.

[0010] The steam injection pressure for the steam treatment of the tobacco stem is 0.3-0.4 MPa, and the temperature of the tobacco stem after the steam treatment is 70-82 DEG C; the moisture content of the tobacco stem after the steam treatment is 40-45 wt%. In specific embodiments, the steam injection pressure is 0.3 MPa or 0.4 MPa; and the temperature of the tobacco stem after the steam treatment is 77.4 DEG C, 80.6 DEG C, 79.9 DEG C, 79.2 DEG C, 80.6 DEG C, 78.9 DEG C, 77.8 DEG C or 80.2 DEG C.

[0011] A stainless steel cuboid fermentation tank with a cover is adopted; in specific embodiments, the volume of the fermentation tank is (1.24x0.86x1.12)m 3 :200 kg. The fermentation is carried out under a sealed condition; the temperature for the sealed fermentation is 28-30 DEG C; and the time for the sealed fermentation is 140-150 h, in specific embodiments, the time for the sealed fermentation is 144 h; and the tank is turned over 3-4 times at 70-75 h of the sealed fermentation. The fermentation is a low-oxygen sealed fermentation, the tobacco stem is in the sealed tank during the fermentation, and the oxygen is consumed during the fermentation, so that the expected fermentation effect can be achieved by controlling the fermentation time only, and the low-oxygen requirement is met.

[0012] The inactivation is carried out by using a UV inactivation method; and the wavelength for the UV inactivation is 100-280 nm. The tobacco stem is introduced into a feeding bin from the fermentation tank after the fermentation effect is achieved, and is uniformly spread by quantitative feeding; the thickness of the spread tobacco stem is 2-3 cm during the inactivation. Three conveying belts are arranged in the inactivation tank, the tobacco stem is discharged in an S shape, and two sets of UV inactivation devices are arranged above the first belt and the second belt respectively; and the irradiation time for the inactivation is 120-180 s; in specific embodiments, the irradiation time for the inactivation is 120 s, 140 s or 160 s. The fermentation bacteria in the tobacco stem are completely inactivated with the movement of the belts, and the quality of the tobacco stem is further changed after being placed for subsequent processing, so that the stability of the product quality is ensured.

[0013] The application provides a cigarette, which comprises the cut stem prepared by the preparation method.

[0014] In the present application, the lignin content in the cut stem is 9.17-9.84wt%, and the pectin content is 2.63-3.01wt%.

[0015] In the present application, the content of lignin in the cut stem is tested by ultraviolet spectrophotometry, and the content of pectin in the cut stem is tested by carbazole colorimetry.

[0016] In the present application, the cut stem is subjected to sensory score test: the sensory quality evaluation method is YC / T415-2011 Tobacco Products Sensory Evaluation Method, and the comprehensive evaluation score is made from three dimensions of aroma characteristics, smoke characteristics and taste characteristics, with a full score of 100; generally, 6-8 technical personnel with sensory quality evaluation qualification make professional scoring, and the average value of the scores of the remaining personnel is taken after removing the highest score and the lowest score.

[0017] The present application provides a preparation method of cut stem, comprising the following steps: washing tobacco stems, then adopting conjugate grinding, steaming, sealing fermentation, inactivation, cut stem preparation, and obtaining cut stem; the double screw distance of the conjugate grinding is 0.3-0.5mm. In the present application, the tobacco stems are ground to split and crush the epidermis, reduce the difficulty of tobacco stem back penetration, and improve the uniformity of tobacco stem moisture; the low-oxygen sealing fermentation technology is adopted without any addition, so that the lignin and pectin content in the tobacco stems is significantly reduced, and the sensory quality of the cut stem is significantly improved. The test results show that the lignin content of the cut stem prepared by the method is 9.17-9.84wt%, the pectin content is 2.63-3.01wt%, and the sensory score is 67.9 points or more. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a common camera image of the original state of tobacco stems;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a common camera image of the state of tobacco stems after grinding;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a scanning electron microscope image of the original state of tobacco stems at 380 times;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a scanning electron microscope image of tobacco stems at 380 times after grinding;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a specific process flow chart of the cut stem prepared in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to further illustrate the present application, the preparation method of cut stem and its application provided by the present application are described in detail below, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] Preparation example

[0025] 1) Washing the stems:

[0026] After washing the stems at a temperature of 55℃ for 25 seconds and allowing them to equilibrate for 4 hours, the moisture content of the tobacco stems was 25-30%.

[0027] 2) Grinding the stem:

[0028] A conjugate twin-screw tobacco stem grinder is used, with a screw spacing of 0.4mm. The two screws rotate clockwise and counterclockwise respectively, and the tobacco stems are squeezed by the two screws, causing the surface of the tobacco stems to break.

[0029] Figure 1 A standard photograph of a tobacco stem in its original state; Figure 2 A standard photograph showing the state of a tobacco stem after it has been ground.

[0030] Figure 3 A scanning electron microscope image of the tobacco stem in its original state at 380x magnification; Figure 4 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the tobacco stem after it has been ground, magnified 380 times.

[0031] Depend on Figures 1-4 It can be seen that under the action of shear force, the tobacco stem is torn and curled, and the epidermis is broken, which can be better wetted. This shows that the conjugate twin-screw mill can better process tobacco stem samples.

[0032] Table 1. Water absorption rate of tobacco stems and stem pieces

[0033]

[0034] As shown in Table 1, the material after conjugate twin-screw milling has a significantly higher water absorption rate than conventional tobacco stems under the same moisture absorption conditions.

[0035] Examples 1-8

[0036] Stem fibers were prepared using the treatment conditions shown in Table 2:

[0037] 1) Washing the stems:

[0038] After quantitative feeding, the tobacco stems are washed at a certain temperature for a certain period of time to remove dust from the surface of the tobacco stems and initially increase the moisture content of the tobacco stems.

[0039] 2) Grinding the stem:

[0040] A conjugate twin-screw tobacco stem grinding machine is used, with the screws set at a certain distance. The two screws rotate in clockwise and counterclockwise directions respectively. The tobacco stems are squeezed by the two screws, and the surface of the tobacco stems is broken, which is conducive to the absorption of moisture by the tobacco stems in the next process.

[0041] 3) Scraping the stems:

[0042] After the grinding of stems, the tobacco stems are pre-stored, quantitatively fed, and then steam is sprayed in a spiral stem steaming machine to steam the stems;

[0043] 4) Tobacco stem fermentation:

[0044] A stainless steel cuboid fermentation tank (1.24 x 0.86 x 1.12 m 3 ) is used, the tank cover is provided with a sealing strip made of silica gel, and about 200 kg of tobacco stems are placed in a single tank. After the tobacco stems are placed in the fermentation tank, the tank is sealed and stored in an environment with a temperature of 28-30°C for 144 hours. The tank is turned over 3-4 times when the tobacco stems are stored for about 72 hours to better improve the fermentation effect of the tobacco stems. The fermented tobacco stems have obvious wine aroma and sweet aroma;

[0045] 5) Inactivation and sterilization:

[0046] UVC (wavelength 100-280 nm) ultraviolet light is used for fermentation bacteria inactivation. After the tobacco stems reach the fermentation effect, the tobacco stems are introduced into a feeding bin from the fermentation tank, uniformly spread through quantitative feeding, the tobacco stems are placed at a thickness of 2-3 cm, and then introduced into an inactivation tank body. Three conveying belts are placed inside the tank body, the movement direction of the tobacco stems is S-shaped, two sets of ultraviolet inactivation devices are respectively arranged above the first belt and the second belt, and irradiation is performed for a certain time. With the movement of the belts, the fermentation bacteria in the tobacco stems are completely inactivated, the quality of the tobacco stems is further changed after storage, and the stability of the product quality is ensured;

[0047] 6) Stem thread preparation:

[0048] The subsequent stem thread preparation processes all adopt traditional stem thread processing processes. The fermented tobacco stems are processed into stem threads meeting the requirements of a formula through HT stem moistening, stem pressing, stem thread cutting, quantitative feeding, stem thread feeding, HT warming and humidifying, stem thread fluidized bed drying, stem thread winnowing, stem thread flavoring, and stem thread storage.

[0049] Control sample

[0050] Compared with Example 3, the grinding and fermentation steps are not performed, and the other processes are consistent.

[0051] Table 2 processing technology conditions

[0052]

[0053] The stem threads prepared in Examples 1-8 are subjected to quality analysis, and the results are shown in Table 3:

[0054] Table 3 quality analysis results of the stem threads prepared in Examples 1-8

[0055] Example Lignin / wt% Pectin / wt% Sensory score Control sample 10.31 13.25 62.3 Example 1 9.46 2.84 68.4 Example 2 9.23 2.79 68.4 Example 3 9.56 2.64 67.9 Example 4 9.17 3.01 68.2 Example 5 9.35 2.87 67.9 Example 6 9.26 2.67 67.6 Example 7 9.84 2.94 68.3 Example 8 9.62 2.63 68.6

[0056] From the above embodiment, the present application provides a preparation method of stem shred, comprising the following steps: washing tobacco stems, then adopting conjugate type stem grinding, steaming the stems, sealing fermentation, inactivation, stem shred preparation, and obtaining stem shred; the double screw distance of the conjugate type stem grinding is 0.3-0.5 mm. The present application divides and breaks the epidermis of the tobacco stems by grinding the tobacco stems, reduces the difficulty of tobacco stem back penetration, improves the uniformity of the tobacco stem moisture, adopts low-oxygen sealing fermentation technology without any addition, significantly reduces the lignin and pectin content in the tobacco stems, and significantly improves the sensory quality of the stem shred. The test results show that the lignin content of the stem shred prepared by the method is reduced by 10 wt%, the pectin content is reduced by 80 wt%, and the sensory score is 67.9 points or more.

[0057] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1.A method for preparing cut stem, comprising the following steps: washing tobacco stems, then using conjugated stem grinding, steaming stems, sealed fermentation, inactivation, preparing cut stem, and obtaining cut stem; the lignin content of the cut stem is 9.17-9.84 wt%, and the pectin content is 2.63-3.01 wt%; the double screw distance used in the conjugated stem grinding is 0.3-0.5 mm; the temperature for washing stems is 45-60 ℃, the time for washing stems is 20-30 s, and the moisture content of the tobacco stems after washing is 25-30 wt%; the injection steam pressure used in the steaming stems is 0.3-0.4 MPa, the temperature of the tobacco stems after steaming is 70-80 ℃, and the moisture content of the tobacco stems after steaming is 40-45 wt%; the temperature for sealed fermentation is 28-30 ℃, the time for sealed fermentation is 140-150 h, and the tobacco stems are turned over 3-4 times after 70-75 h of sealed fermentation; the inactivation is performed by using ultraviolet inactivation, and the wavelength used in the ultraviolet inactivation is 100-280 nm; the cloth thickness during inactivation is 2-3 cm, and the irradiation time for inactivation is 120-180 s. 2.A cigarette comprising the cut stem prepared by the method of claim 1.

Images