An anti-clogging ecological composite constructed wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet modes

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-clogging ecological composite artificial wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet modes. The system is divided into two parts: an inner unit artificial wetland and an outer unit artificial wetland unit. Through the ingenious "inside in and out" and "outside in and inside" water inlet and outlet modes, controlled by valves and used in periodic circulation regulation, the artificial wetland can be effectively flushed and backwashed, solving the problem of blockage caused by excessive accumulation of organic matter. At the same time, the "inside in and out" and "outside in and inside" water inlet and outlet modes are designed in a non-powered mode to effectively enhance the nitrification and denitrification effects of the artificial wetland and improve the removal efficiency of pollutants by the artificial wetland system. In addition, the system operates without power, consumes no energy, is ecologically safe, and is easy to manage and maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The patent of this invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, specifically an anti-clogging ecological composite artificial wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet modes. Background Art

[0002] Constructed wetland technology purifies water by simulating natural wetlands through the combined effects of substrate adsorption and filtration, plant absorption, fixation, transformation, and metabolism, and microbial decomposition, utilization, and alienation. It offers a promising future for both direct and advanced treatment of polluted water. However, conventional subsurface flow constructed wetlands often have fixed inlet and outlet systems, which can lead to organic matter accumulation and clogging due to issues with influent quality or quantity. This can affect the system's operational effectiveness and thus restrict its practical application. To address this issue, we have developed a clogging-resistant ecological composite constructed wetland system with adjustable inlet and outlet systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention is an anti-clogging ecological composite artificial wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet modes. The system is designed to be divided into two parts: internal and external artificial wetland units. The internal and external artificial wetland units are flushed and backwashed by circulating and regulating the water inlet and outlet modes of "inside in and out" and "outside in and out", thereby reducing the accumulation of organic matter in the bed matrix and preventing the artificial wetland from being clogged. At the same time, due to the different water inlet and outlet modes of "inside in and out" and "outside in and inside", the sewage forms a certain waterfall aeration effect in the artificial wetland, thereby strengthening the nitrification and denitrification effects of the artificial wetland and improving the sewage removal efficiency.

[0004] The present invention is composed of brick-laid hollow bricks, a water inlet pipe, a PVC vent pipe, a drain pipe, an overflow trough, a water outlet pipe, an artificial wetland bed, a concrete cushion layer, a water pipe, wetland plants, valves 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and a bracket.

[0005] The artificial wetland bed is divided into an inner unit artificial wetland bed and an outer unit artificial wetland bed. The outer periphery of the inner and outer unit artificial wetlands is built with mortar-laid hollow bricks, the outer layer of which is an anti-seepage cement mortar plaster, and the bottom is a concrete soil cushion layer. The interior of the artificial wetland bed area is filled with matrix fillers of various particle sizes, with a depth of 0.4 m to 1.6 m, and wetland plants are planted on the matrix.

[0006] The wetland plants are mainly pollution-tolerant plants, such as canna, pickerel grass, lily of the valley, reed, wild rice, calamus, iris, cattail, reed and the like, or several wetland plants.

[0007] The artificial wetland bed is divided into inner and outer units. The shape of the artificial wetland bed can be designed according to actual conditions and can be circular, square or elliptical.

[0008] The drain pipes include outer unit drain pipes and inner unit drain pipes. The outer unit drain pipes are designed to be distributed around the middle position at the bottom of the outer unit constructed wetland bed body. The inner unit drain pipes are designed at the upper and bottom parts of the inner unit constructed wetland bed body, with a shape of "卅" character. The bottom "卅" character drain pipe is perpendicular to the upper "卅" character drain pipe. Among them, the middle horizontal drain pipe of the upper "卅" character drain pipe extends to the water passing pipe and is connected to the overflow tank. The drain pipes are provided with holes at intervals of 5 cm - 50 cm, and the hole diameter is 0.5 cm - 5 cm to facilitate uniform water distribution to the inner and outer unit constructed wetlands.

[0009] The PVC vent pipes are connected to the drain pipes. There are 4 vent pipes in the inner unit constructed wetland and 2 vent pipes in the outer unit constructed wetland, and their function is to enable smooth drainage of the constructed wetland pipes.

[0010] The valves are distributed on the water inlet pipe (valve 1, valve 2) and the water outlet pipe (valve 3, valve 4, valve 5). The water inlet pipe is connected to the outer unit drain pipe through valve 1 and to the inner unit drain pipe through valve 2. The water outlet pipe is connected to the outer unit drain pipe through valve 3 and valve 5 and to the inner unit drain pipe through valve 4. The function of the bracket is to support the water inlet pipe and the drain pipes.

[0011] The overflow tank is made of stainless steel, with a width of 5 - 25 cm. There are holes distributed at intervals of 5 cm - 30 cm on the tank, and the hole diameter is 0.5 cm - 5 cm, mainly for uniform water distribution and sewage collection in the inner and outer unit constructed wetlands.

[0012] As an ecological composite constructed wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet modes, the present invention designs the inner and outer unit constructed wetlands and the inner and outer unit drain pipes, and regulates the water inlet and outlet forms of "inner in and outer out" and "outer in and inner out" through the opening and closing of valves, so as to change the operation mode of the constructed wetland system, specifically as follows:

[0013] "Inlet from the inside and outlet from the outside" form: When valve 1 and valve 4 are closed and valve 2, valve 3 and valve 5 are opened, sewage enters from the inlet pipe. After flowing downward through valve 2 and into the "卅"-shaped drain pipe at the bottom of the inner unit, the sewage evenly distributes water through the holes and enters the constructed wetland in the inner unit. The sewage slowly flows from bottom to top in the matrix of the constructed wetland bed in the inner unit, and undergoes functions of the constructed wetland such as filtration and adsorption of the matrix, decomposition and metabolism of microorganisms, fixation and absorption of plants, and degradation of nitrogen-containing pollutants under the action of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, so that the sewage is preliminarily purified. When the preliminarily purified sewage reaches the height of the "卅"-shaped drain pipe at the upper part of the constructed wetland in the inner unit, the sewage is collected through the holes and flows into the upper "卅"-shaped drain pipe, and then is introduced into the overflow tank through the horizontal drain pipe in the middle of the upper "卅"-shaped drain pipe. The sewage collected in the overflow tank vertically and evenly distributes water through the holes in the overflow tank and flows into the constructed wetland in the outer unit. During this process, the sewage is in full contact with air, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the sewage, which is beneficial to strengthening the nitrification reaction. After the sewage stays sufficiently, under the purification of the constructed wetland in the outer unit, the purification effect of the ecological composite constructed wetland system is improved. Finally, the treated sewage is collected through the drain pipe in the outer unit and flows out from the outlet pipes of valve 3 and valve 5.

[0014] "Inlet from the outside and outlet from the inside" form: When valve 1 and valve 4 are opened and valve 2, valve 3 and valve 5 are closed, sewage enters from the inlet pipe. After flowing downward through valve 1 and into the drain pipe at the bottom of the constructed wetland in the outer unit, it evenly distributes water through the holes and enters the matrix of the constructed wetland bed in the outer unit. Through the filtration and adsorption of the matrix, decomposition and metabolism of microorganisms, and fixation and absorption of plants in the constructed wetland in the outer unit, and the degradation of nitrogen-containing pollutants under the action of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, the sewage is preliminarily purified. When the preliminarily treated sewage reaches the height of the overflow tank, it is collected through the holes in the overflow tank, then flows into the upper "卅"-shaped drain pipe of the constructed wetland in the inner unit through the overflow pipe, and then vertically and evenly distributes water through the holes in the drain pipe and enters the constructed wetland in the inner unit. During this process, the sewage is in full contact with air, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the sewage, which is beneficial to strengthening the nitrification reaction. After the sewage stays sufficiently, after the purification of the constructed wetland in the inner unit, it is finally collected by the "卅"-shaped drain pipe at the bottom of the inner unit and flows out from the outlet pipe of valve 4.

[0015] Regarding the problem that the drain pipes at the bottoms of the inner and outer units may be blocked due to sediment mixing, the drain pipe and the outlet pipe of the outer unit we designed are on the same horizontal plane, so a hose can be connected to the vent pipe and rinsed with clean water.

[0016] The present invention provides an anti-clogging ecological composite artificial wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet modes. Through the ingenious "inside-out" and "outside-inside-out" water inlet and outlet modes, controlled by valves, it is used in a periodic (one month or one quarter) cyclic regulation, which is equivalent to flushing and backwashing the artificial wetland, effectively solving the problem of blockage caused by excessive accumulation of organic matter. At the same time, the "inside-out" and "outside-inside-out" water inlet and outlet modes are designed in a non-powered mode, which can effectively enhance the nitrification and denitrification effects of the artificial wetland and improve the removal efficiency of the artificial wetland system for pollutants. In addition, the system operates without power, consumes no energy, is ecologically safe, and has low construction costs. The "inside-out" and "outside-inside-out" water inlet and outlet modes can be controlled only by valves, thereby enhancing the removal efficiency of the artificial wetland system, solving the blockage problem, and facilitating management and maintenance.

[0017] The present invention is applicable to the centralized treatment of urban and rural domestic sewage, the centralized treatment of rural domestic sewage, the treatment of domestic sewage in tourist areas, villa areas and other residential areas without municipal pipe network connection, as well as the treatment of industrial wastewater from food processing industry, slaughtering industry, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying figure is a plan view of an anti-clogging ecological composite artificial wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet modes according to the present invention ( Figure 1 ) and longitudinal profile ( Figure 2 ).

[0019] Markings in the figure: (1) mortared hollow brick; (2) outlet pipe; (3) PVC vent pipe; (4) drainage pipe; (5) overflow trough; (6) inlet pipe; (7) artificial wetland bed; (8) C25 concrete cushion; (9) water pipe; (10) wetland plants; (11) valve 1; (12) valve 2; (13) valve 3; (14) valve 4; (15) valve 5; (16) bracket. Example

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0021] Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising” will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0022] As shown in the attached drawings, a clogging-proof ecological composite constructed wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet modes is established, including: brickwork hollow bricks (1), outlet pipes (2), PVC vent pipes (3), drain pipes (4), overflow troughs (5), inlet pipes (6), constructed wetland beds (7), C25 concrete cushions (8), water passing pipes (9), wetland plants (10), valve 1 (11), valve 2 (12), valve 3 (13), valve 4 (14), valve 5 (15), brackets (16). This ecological composite constructed wetland system is divided into an inner unit constructed wetland and an outer unit constructed wetland. The inner and outer unit constructed wetlands are surrounded by brickwork hollow bricks (1). The outer layer is plastered with 20 mm thick anti-seepage cement mortar, and the bottom is a 100 mm thick C15 concrete cushion (8). The constructed wetland bed area (7) is filled with matrix fillers such as quartz sand with a particle size of 0.2 mm - 50 mm, with a depth of 1 m. Wetland plants such as canna indica, pickerelweed, thalia dealbata, phragmites australis, and wild rice stem are planted on the matrix fillers.

[0023] The drain pipe (4) is divided into an outer unit drain pipe and an inner unit drain pipe; the outer unit drain pipe is designed to be distributed around the middle position at the bottom of the outer unit constructed wetland bed; the inner unit drain pipe is designed as a "卅"-shaped drain pipe at the upper part of the inner unit constructed wetland bed. The "十"-shaped drain pipe in the middle extends to the water passing pipe (9) and is connected to the overflow trough. The "卅"-shaped drain pipe at the bottom is perpendicular to the upper "卅"-shaped drain pipe; the drain pipe (4) has holes drilled every 10 cm, with a hole diameter of 1 cm to facilitate uniform water distribution in the inner and outer unit constructed wetlands.

[0024] The PVC vent pipe (3) is connected to the drain pipe (4), and its function is to enable smooth drainage of the constructed wetland pipes. There are 4 PVC vent pipes in the inner unit constructed wetland and 2 PVC vent pipes in the outer unit constructed wetland;

[0025] Valve 1 (11) and valve 2 (12) are distributed on the inlet pipe (6), and valve 3 (13), valve 4 (14), and valve 5 (15) are distributed on the outlet pipe (2); the inlet pipe (6) is connected to the outer unit drain pipe through valve 1 (an end]]

[0026] The overflow trough (5) is made of stainless steel, with a width of 10 cm. There are holes drilled every 5 cm on the trough, with a hole diameter of 1 cm. It is connected to the horizontal drain pipe of the inner unit constructed wetland through the water passing pipe (9) to uniformly distribute water and collect sewage in the inner and outer unit constructed wetlands.

[0027] The process of treating sewage in the present invention is as follows:

[0028] "Inner-in and outer-out" form: When valve 1 (11) and valve 4 (14) are closed, and valve 2 (12), valve 3 (13) and valve 5 (15) are opened, sewage enters from the water inlet pipe (6), flows downward through valve 2 (12) into the "卅"-shaped drain pipe (4) at the bottom of the inner unit, and then the sewage enters the constructed wetland in the inner unit through the holes for uniform water distribution. The sewage slowly flows from bottom to top in the matrix of the constructed wetland bed (7) in the inner unit, and undergoes artificial wetland effects such as filtration and adsorption by the matrix, decomposition and metabolism by microorganisms, fixation and absorption by plants (10), and degradation of nitrogen-containing pollutants under the action of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, so that the sewage is preliminarily purified. When the preliminarily purified sewage reaches the height of the "卅"-shaped drain pipe at the upper part of the constructed wetland in the inner unit, the sewage is collected through the holes and flows into the upper "卅"-shaped drain pipe, and then is introduced into the water passing pipe (9) through the horizontal drain pipe in the middle of the upper "卅"-shaped drain pipe and enters the overflow tank (5). The sewage collected in the overflow tank (5) is vertically and uniformly distributed through the holes in the overflow tank and flows into the constructed wetland in the outer unit. During this process, the sewage is in full contact with air, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the sewage, which is beneficial to the progress of the nitrification reaction. After the sewage stays sufficiently, under the purification effect of the constructed wetland in the outer unit, the purification effect of the ecological composite constructed wetland system is improved. Finally, the treated sewage is collected through the drain pipe (4) in the outer unit and flows out from the outlet pipes of valve 3 (13) and valve 5 (15).

[0029] "Outer-in and inner-out" form: When valve 1 (11) and valve 4 (14) are opened, and valve 2 (12), valve 3 (13) and valve 5 (15) are closed, sewage enters from the water inlet pipe (6), flows downward through valve 1 (11) into the drain pipe at the bottom of the constructed wetland in the outer unit, and enters the constructed wetland bed in the outer unit through the holes for uniform water distribution. After passing through filtration and adsorption by the matrix of the constructed wetland in the outer unit, decomposition and metabolism by microorganisms, and fixation and absorption by plants, and degradation of nitrogen-containing pollutants under the action of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, the sewage is preliminarily purified. When the preliminarily treated sewage reaches the height of the overflow tank (5), it is collected through the holes in the overflow tank (5) and flows into the upper "卅"-shaped drain pipe of the constructed wetland in the inner unit through the water passing pipe, and then is vertically and uniformly distributed through the holes in the drain pipe and enters the constructed wetland in the inner unit. During this process, the sewage is in full contact with air, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the sewage, which is beneficial to the progress of the nitrification reaction. After the sewage stays sufficiently, under the purification effect of the constructed wetland in the inner unit, it is finally collected by the "卅"-shaped drain pipe at the bottom of the inner unit and flows out from the outlet pipe of valve 4 (14), thereby improving the purification effect of the constructed wetland system.

[0030] The foregoing embodiments of the present invention are for illustration and description only and are not intended to limit the present invention in any specific form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above implementation plans based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-clogging ecological composite artificial wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet modes, characterized by: The main components of the system include brickwork hollow bricks (1), outlet pipes (2), PVC vent pipes (3), drain pipes (4), overflow troughs (5), inlet pipes (6), constructed wetland beds (7), C25 concrete cushions (8), water pipes (9), wetland plants (10), valve 1 (11), valve 2 (12), valve 3 (13), valve 4 (14), valve 5 (15); this ecological composite constructed wetland system is divided into an inner unit constructed wetland and an outer unit constructed wetland. The periphery of the inner and outer unit constructed wetlands is built with brickwork hollow bricks (1), and its outer layer is plastered with 20 mm thick anti-seepage cement mortar, and the bottom is a 100 mm thick C25 concrete cushion (8). The constructed wetland bed area (7) is filled with matrix fillers with a depth of 0.4 m - 1.6 m, and wetland plants are planted on the matrix fillers; the drain pipes (4) are divided into drain pipes for the outer unit constructed wetland and drain pipes for the inner unit constructed wetland. The drain pipe for the outer unit is a drain pipe with a circular shape at the bottom of the outer unit constructed wetland, distributed around the middle position at the bottom of the outer unit constructed wetland bed. The drain pipe for the inner unit is designed at the upper and bottom of the inner unit constructed wetland bed, with a shape of "卅" character. The drain pipe with a "卅" character shape at the bottom is perpendicular to the drain pipe with a "卅" character shape at the upper part; the drain pipe (4) has holes drilled every 5 cm - 50 cm, with a hole diameter of 0.5 cm - 5 cm, so as to evenly distribute water and collect sewage in the inner and outer unit constructed wetlands; the overflow trough is located on the outer wall of the inner unit constructed wetland, with a width of 5 - 25 cm, and holes are distributed every 5 cm - 30 cm on the trough, with a hole diameter of 0.5 cm - 5 cm. It is connected to the middle horizontal drain pipe of the drain pipe with a "卅" character shape at the upper part of the inner unit constructed wetland through the water pipe (9), so as to evenly distribute water and collect sewage in the inner and outer unit constructed wetlands; valve 1 (11) and valve 2 (12) are distributed on the inlet pipe (6), valve 3 (13), valve 4 (14), valve 5 (15) are distributed on the outlet pipe (2). The inlet pipe (6) is connected to the drain pipe of the outer unit through valve 1 (11) and to the drain pipe at the bottom of the inner unit through valve 2 (12). The outlet pipe (2) is connected to the drain pipe of the outer unit through valve 3 (13) and valve 5 (15) and to the drain pipe of the inner unit through valve 4 (14). The bracket (16) plays a role in supporting the inlet pipe (6).

2. The anti-clogging ecological composite artificial wetland system with adjustable water inlet and outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVC vent pipe (3) is connected to the drain pipe (4). There are 4 PVC vent pipes in the inner unit constructed wetland and 2 PVC vent pipes in the outer unit constructed wetland, and its function is to make the drainage of the constructed wetland pipes smooth.

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