Plant selenium-enriched nutrient solution

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of plant selenium-rich nutrient solution, it is with full formula nutrient solution as foundation culture solution, add the nutrient solution of final concentration 0.90~2.0mg / L selenium-methyl selenocysteine;The full formula nutrient solution is by volume ratio 1~3:1~3:198~208 A liquid, B liquid and water are mixed into.The plant selenium-rich nutrient solution of the application, through specific component and amount, under the condition that not affecting the yield of vegetables, the selenium content of vegetables reaches the requirement in DBS 42 / 002-2014 selenium content requirement of selenium-rich organic food standard.The plant selenium-rich nutrient solution of the application does not add phosphorus, and the methyl selenocysteine therein can still be efficiently absorbed and utilized by vegetables, improves the utilization rate of selenium, reduces the cost of selenium-rich vegetable planting, while reducing phosphorus pollution, with practical popularization and application value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a plant selenium-rich nutrient solution. BACKGROUND

[0002] Selenium is a strong antioxidant, its effect is similar to that of vitamin E, and its effect is greater, for example, the antioxidant effect of selenoprotein may be 500 times higher than that of vitamin E, in addition, selenium also has the effect of antagonizing the biological toxicity of heavy metals such as mercury, lead and arsenic. These seleniums that play biochemical roles in the human and animal bodies are obtained directly or indirectly through plant foods. Therefore, the study of selenium in plants has become one of the focuses of the functional study of selenium in the biochemical nutrition chain of the earth.

[0003] The selenium content of plants in nature varies widely, the normal selenium content of general plants is very low, about one milligram per kilogram, and the selenium-rich plants can be as high as several thousand milligrams per kilogram, and when the supply level of selenium is low, the growth is poor. Because most plants in nature, especially plants growing in low-selenium environments, have very low selenium content, they cannot meet the needs of the healthy growth of humans and animals, so many scholars have explored many methods for cultivating selenium-rich plants. Patent CN109438096A discloses a selenium-rich nutrient solution, which is only for broccoli sprout selenium enrichment, the application range is narrow, and when improving the selenium content, the plant yield is not investigated, which is easy to neglect the yield and cause hidden dangers of yield reduction, at the same time, in order to achieve the purpose of selenium enrichment, the nutrient solution needs to be applied throughout the planting process, because the nutrient solution contains all the essential macroelements of plants, such as nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium, when facing long-growth-cycle vegetables, it is easy to cause macroelement imbalance, for example, too much phosphorus, which is easy to cause the deficiency of other elements such as zinc, iron and manganese in vegetables, ultimately affecting the quality of vegetables. These problems make it difficult to be popularized to the selenium-rich cultivation of other vegetables. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a plant selenium-rich nutrient solution, which is a full formula nutrient solution as a basic culture medium, and a nutrient solution with a final concentration of 0.90-2.0 mg / L selenium-methyl selenocysteine is added; the full formula nutrient solution is mixed by A liquid, B liquid and water in a volume ratio of 1-3:1-3:198-208;

[0005] The A liquid contains the following components per liter:

[0006] Ca(NO3)2 4H2O 190-220g, KNO3 60-62g, FeEDTA 4-5g, and the rest is water;

[0007] The B liquid contains the following components per liter:

[0008] H3BO3 0.6-0.8g, MnSO4.4H2O 0.4-0.6g, ZnSO4.7H2O 0.02-0.05g, CuSO4.5H2O 0.01-0.02g, Na2MoO4.2H2O 0.003-0.005g, KNO3 40-62g, MgSO4.7H2O 100-105g, NH4Cl 10-20g, and the rest is water.

[0009] Further, the A liquid contains the following components per liter:

[0010] Ca(NO3)2.4H2O 191.88g, KNO3 61.31g, FeEDTA 4.898g, and the rest is water;

[0011] The B liquid contains the following components per liter:

[0012] H3BO3 0.603g, MnSO4.4H2O 0.435g, ZnSO4.7H2O 0.044g, CuSO4.5H2O 0.01g, Na2MoO4.2H2O 0.004g, KNO3 61.310g, MgSO4.7H2O 100.61g, NH4Cl 10.9138g, and the rest is water;

[0013] Further, the full formula nutrient solution is mixed by the A liquid, the B liquid and water in a volume ratio of 1-3:1-3:198.

[0014] Still further, the full formula nutrient solution is mixed by the A liquid, the B liquid and water in a volume ratio of 1:1:198.

[0015] Further, the concentration of the selenium-methylselenocysteine is 0.91-1.82mg / L.

[0016] The application also provides a preparation method of the aforementioned plant selenium-rich nutrient solution, which comprises the following steps:

[0017] 1) weighing the raw materials according to the proportion;

[0018] 2) taking Ca(NO3)2.4H2O, KNO3 and FeEDTA, dissolving in water to obtain the A liquid; taking H3BO3, MnSO4.4H2O, ZnSO4.7H2O, CuSO4.5H2O, Na2MoO4.2H2O, KNO3, MgSO4.7H2O and NH4Cl, dissolving in water to obtain the B liquid;

[0019] 3) The A liquid and B liquid obtained in step 2) are mixed with water in a volume ratio of 1-5:1-5:198-250, and selenium-methyl selenocysteine is added to a concentration of 0.90-2.0 mg / L, to obtain the selenium-rich plant nutrient solution.

[0020] Further, in step 3), the water is mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:198, and selenium-methyl selenocysteine is added to a concentration of 0.91-1.82 mg / L.

[0021] The application also provides use of the aforementioned plant selenium-rich nutrient solution in planting of selenium-rich plants.

[0022] Further, the plants are leaf vegetables.

[0023] Still further, the leaf vegetables include lettuce, kale and Chinese cabbage.

[0024] The application finally provides a method for enriching selenium in vegetables, which comprises using deep liquid flow cultivation method to cultivate the vegetables one week before harvesting; and the nutrient solution used in the deep liquid flow cultivation method is the aforementioned plant selenium-rich nutrient solution.

[0025] The plant selenium-rich nutrient solution of the application, by using a specific formula without phosphorus element, can make the selenium content of the vegetables reach the requirements in the DBS 42 / 002-2014 “Selenium Content Requirements for Selenium-Rich Organic Food” standard when the vegetables are applied with the solution in a short time before harvesting, and meanwhile, the yield of the vegetables is not affected.

[0026] The planting test proves that the plant selenium-rich nutrient solution of the application, without phosphorus, is applied to the lettuce one week before harvesting, so that the selenium-methyl selenocysteine is still efficiently absorbed and utilized by the lettuce, the utilization efficiency of selenium is improved, the yield of the vegetables is ensured, the cost of planting the selenium-rich vegetables is reduced, and meanwhile, due to the lack of phosphorus in the nutrient solution, the excessive use of phosphorus in the late stage of planting the vegetables is avoided, so that the quality of the vegetables is not reduced, and the application value is high.

[0027] Obviously, according to the above content of the application, according to the ordinary technical knowledge and common means in the art, other various forms of modifications, replacements or changes can be made without departing from the above basic technical idea of the application.

[0028] The above content of the application is further explained in detail through the following embodiment. However, it should not be understood that the above subject matter of the application is limited to the following examples. Any technology realized based on the above content of the application belongs to the scope of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Selenium content of lettuce above ground under different selenium source treatments

[0030] Figure 2Se-methionine and methylselenocysteine treatment of the selenium content of the above-ground parts of lettuce under different nutrient solution deficiencies

[0031] Figure 3 Fresh weight of the above-ground parts of lettuce under different treatments DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Example 1, preparation of the selenium-rich plant nutrient solution of the present application

[0033] Formulation:

[0034]

[0035] Preparation method:

[0036] 1) Take Ca(NO3)2 4H2O, KNO3 and FeEDTA, dissolve in water to obtain A liquid; take H3BO3, MnSO4·4H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O, CuSO4·5H2O, Na2MoO4·2H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O and NH4Cl, dissolve in water to obtain B liquid, wherein the concentration of each component in A liquid and B liquid is as follows:

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] 2) Take the A liquid and B liquid obtained in step 1) and mix with water in a volume ratio of 1:1:198, then add selenium-methylselenocysteine to a concentration of 1.82 mg / L, and obtain.

[0040] Example 2, preparation of the selenium-rich plant nutrient solution of the present application

[0041] Formulation:

[0042]

[0043] Preparation method:

[0044] 1) Take Ca(NO3)2 4H2O, KNO3 and FeEDTA, dissolve in water to obtain A liquid; take H3BO3, MnSO4·4H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O, CuSO4·5H2O, Na2MoO4·2H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O and NH4Cl, dissolve in water to obtain B liquid, wherein the concentration of each component in A liquid and B liquid is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] 2) Take A liquid and B liquid obtained in step 1) and mix with water in a volume ratio of 1:1:198, and then add selenium-methyl selenocysteine to a concentration of 0.91 mg / L, and the selenium-enriched plant nutrient solution is obtained.

[0047] Example 3, preparation of the selenium-enriched plant nutrient solution of the present application

[0048] Formulation:

[0049]

[0050] Preparation method:

[0051] 1) Take Ca(NO3)2 4H2O, KNO3 and FeEDTA, dissolve in water to obtain A liquid; take H3BO3, MnSO4 4H2O, ZnSO4 7H2O, CuSO4 5H2O, Na2MoO4 2H2O, KNO3, MgSO4 7H2O and NH4Cl, dissolve in water to obtain B liquid, wherein the concentration of each component in A liquid and B liquid is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] 2) Take A liquid and B liquid obtained in step 1) and mix with water in a volume ratio of 1:1:196, and then add selenium-methyl selenocysteine to a concentration of 1.82 mg / L, and the selenium-enriched plant nutrient solution is obtained.

[0054] Example 4, preparation of the selenium-enriched plant nutrient solution of the present application

[0055] Formulation:

[0056]

[0057] Preparation method:

[0058] 1) Take Ca(NO3)2 4H2O, KNO3 and FeEDTA, dissolve in water to obtain A liquid; take H3BO3, MnSO4 4H2O, ZnSO4 7H2O, CuSO4 5H2O, Na2MoO4 2H2O, KNO3, MgSO4 7H2O and NH4Cl, dissolve in water to obtain B liquid, wherein the concentration of each component in A liquid and B liquid is as follows:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] 2) Take A liquid and B liquid obtained in step 1) and mix with water in a volume ratio of 1:1:208, and then add selenium-methyl selenocysteine to a concentration of 0.91 mg / L, and the selenium-enriched plant nutrient solution is obtained.

[0062] The advantageous effects of the present application are explained below by way of test examples.

[0063] Test Example 1 Study on Selenium-enriched Nutrient Solution for Plants

[0064] 1. Utilization efficiency of different selenium sources by lettuce.

[0065] One week before harvest, lettuce cultivated in deep and flowing full formula nutrient solution was transplanted into new nutrient solution and continued to be treated by deep liquid flow cultivation method for 7 days, and the new nutrient solution was respectively added with 10 μM sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), sodium selenate (Na2SeO4), nano selenium (Se NPs), selenomethionine (SeMet), and selenium-methyl selenocysteine (MeSeCys) in the full formula nutrient solution.

[0066] The specific information of the full formula nutrient solution is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Deep liquid flow cultivation method: about 5-10 cm of nutrient solution was placed in the planting tank, and the crop roots were placed therein, and at the same time, the nutrient solution was circulated and flowed by intermittently opening the water pump to supplement oxygen in the nutrient solution and make the nutrients in the nutrient solution more uniform.

[0069] The results are shown in Figure 1 From the results, it can be seen that the selenium enrichment of lettuce in selenomethionine and selenium-methyl selenocysteine treatments was significantly higher than that in sodium selenite, sodium selenate, and nano selenium treatments. Among the inorganic selenium treatments, sodium selenate treatment resulted in the highest selenium enrichment of lettuce (4.01 mg·kg -1 Fresh weight), and the selenium enrichment of lettuce in selenomethionine treatment was 2.1 times that in sodium selenate treatment, and the selenium enrichment of lettuce in selenium-methyl selenocysteine treatment was 2 times that in sodium selenate treatment.

[0070] 2. Effect of phosphorus and potassium deficiency nutrient solution on selenium enrichment

[0071] Selenomethionine (SeMet) or selenium-methyl selenocysteine (MeSeCys) was respectively added to phosphorus and potassium deficiency nutrient solution at 10 μM, and lettuce one week before harvest was treated by deep liquid flow cultivation method for 7 days in full artificial environment. The different nutrient solution formulas are as follows:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] The results are shown in Figure 2 From the results, it can be seen that the selenium enrichment of lettuce in selenomethionine and selenium-methyl selenocysteine treatments was significantly higher than that in sodium selenite, sodium selenate, and nano selenium treatments. Among the inorganic selenium treatments, sodium selenate treatment resulted in the highest selenium enrichment of lettuce (4.01 mg·kg -1 Fresh weight), and the selenium enrichment of lettuce in selenomethionine treatment was 2.1 times that in sodium selenate treatment, and the selenium enrichment of lettuce in selenium-methyl selenocysteine treatment was 2 times that in sodium selenate treatment. Figure 2It can be seen that, compared with the full nutrient solution with selenomethionine or selenium-methylselenocysteine, the lack of potassium reduced the selenium enrichment of selenomethionine-treated lettuce by 23.1%, and the selenium enrichment of selenium-methylselenocysteine-treated lettuce by 23.8%, while the lack of phosphorus in the nutrient solution increased the selenium enrichment of selenium-methylselenocysteine-treated lettuce by 24.4%. The study of different nutrient solutions revealed that organic selenium is a potential efficient selenium source for lettuce, and potassium has a negative effect on the absorption of organic selenium, while the lack of phosphorus has a positive effect on the enrichment of selenium-methylselenocysteine. At the same time, selenium-methylselenocysteine is a food additive released by the Ministry of Health and other 9 departments, which is easy to obtain and has a relatively low price. The use of selenium-methylselenocysteine as a selenium source in production can control the cost.

[0075] In order to understand the effect of selenium-enriched culture on the yield of vegetables, the fresh weight of the aboveground parts of selenium-enriched lettuce was also counted, and the results are shown in Table 4. Figure 3 From the above results, it can be seen that the short-term treatment before harvest, the nutrient solution containing selenium-methylselenocysteine and lacking phosphorus, does not cause significant impact on the yield of lettuce. Figure 3

[0076] In order to understand the application range of the prepared selenium-enriched nutrient solution, the lack of phosphorus plant selenium-enriched nutrient solution prepared in Example 1 was used for other vegetables such as kale and Chinese cabbage according to the selenium-enriched method of lettuce, and the selenium-enriched effect was comparable to that of lettuce, and the yield was comparable to that of normal planting.

[0077] The above results provide a basis for the development of efficient selenium-enriched technology for agricultural products.​

Claims

1. A plant selenium-enriched nutrient solution, characterized by: It is a full formula nutrient solution as a base culture solution, and the nutrient solution added with selenium-methylselenocysteine with a final concentration of 0.90-2.0 mg / L; the full formula nutrient solution is mixed by A liquid, B liquid and water with a volume ratio of 1-3:1-3:198-208; The A liquid contains the following components per liter: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 190-220 g, KNO3 60-62 g, FeEDTA 4-5 g, and the rest is water; The B liquid contains the following components per liter: H3BO3 0.6-0.8 g, MnSO4·4H2O 0.4-0.6 g, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.02-0.05 g, CuSO4·5H2O 0.01-0.02 g, Na2MoO4·2H2O 0.003-0.005 g, KNO3 40-62 g, MgSO4·7H2O 100-105 g, NH4Cl 10-20 g, and the rest is water.

2. The plant selenium-enriched nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A liquid contains the following components per liter: Ca(NO3)2·4H2O 191.88 g, KNO3 61.31 g, FeEDTA 4.898 g, and the rest is water; The B liquid contains the following components per liter: H3BO3 0.603 g, MnSO4·4H2O 0.435 g, ZnSO4·7H2O 0.044 g, CuSO4·5H2O 0.01 g, Na2MoO4·2H2O 0.004 g, KNO3 61.310 g, MgSO4·7H2O 100.61 g, NH4Cl 10.9138 g, and the rest is water.

3. The plant selenium-enriched nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The full formula nutrient solution is mixed by A liquid, B liquid and water with a volume ratio of 1-3:1-3:

198.

4. The plant selenium-enriched nutrient solution according to claim 3, characterized in that: The full formula nutrient solution is mixed by A liquid, B liquid and water with a volume ratio of 1:1:

198.

5. The plant selenium-enriched nutrient solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the selenium-methylselenocysteine is 0.91-1.82 mg / L.

6. The method for preparing the selenium-enriched nutrient solution for plants according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It comprises the following steps: 1) weighing raw materials according to the proportion; 2) taking Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3 and FeEDTA, dissolving in water to obtain A liquid; taking H3BO3, MnSO4·4H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O, CuSO4·5H2O, Na2MoO4·2H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O and NH4Cl, dissolving in water to obtain B liquid; 3) mixing A liquid and B liquid obtained in step 2) with water with a volume ratio of 1-5:1-5:198-250, and adding selenium-methylselenocysteine to a concentration of 0.90-2.0 mg / L, to obtain the full formula nutrient solution.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein: In step 3), the mixing is with water with a volume ratio of 1:1:198, and adding selenium-methylselenocysteine to a concentration of 0.91-1.82 mg / L.

8. The plant selenium-enriched nutrient solution according to any one of claims 1-5 is applied to the planting of selenium-enriched plants.

9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plants are leaf vegetables.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The leaf vegetables include lettuce, kale and Chinese cabbage. The leaf vegetables include lettuce, kale and Chinese cabbage.

11. A method of enriching vegetables with selenium, characterized by: It is to cultivate vegetables using deep-liquid flow cultivation method one week before harvest; the nutrient solution used in the deep-liquid flow cultivation method is the plant selenium-rich nutrient solution according to any one of claims 1-5.

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