Energy regulation method of high-energy electrohydraulic detonation

Abstract

This invention discloses an energy control method for high-energy electrohydraulic detonation, belonging to the field of pulse power technology. It includes: control of the electrical and chemical energy of a metal wire, utilizing the high amplitude component of a composite pulse power to rapidly deposit electrical energy into the metal wire and completely release its chemical energy; control of plasma channel deposition energy, adjusting the channel deposition energy and external radiated heat through the long pulse width component of the composite pulse power, enabling the metal powder to react with the liquid medium and release energy; control of metal powder release energy, adjusting the reaction rate between the metal powder and the liquid medium to achieve self-sustaining reaction and improve the energy release efficiency of the metal powder; and control of shock wave energy, adjusting the composite pulse power, metal wire size, and metal powder parameters to improve the conversion efficiency of the deposited energy into shock wave energy, meeting application requirements. This invention achieves precise energy control during electrohydraulic detonation through the matching of multiple stages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pulse power technology, and more specifically, relates to an energy control method for high-energy liquid-electric detonation. Background Technology

[0002] High-energy liquid-electric detonation technology, based on pulsed power technology, utilizes electromagnetic equipment to generate an electric arc through the breakdown of a liquid medium, converting electrical energy into heat, light radiation, and shock waves. It has wide applications in nanomaterial manufacturing and plasma source applications. In the field of safety engineering, the use of explosives is increasingly restricted. Electromagnetic equipment with high system energy storage can generate shock waves comparable to explosives through electric arcs, while offering advantages such as safety, controllability, energy saving, and environmental friendliness.

[0003] In high-energy electrohydraulic detonation technology, the main methods of arc generation include electrohydraulic breakdown ignition, wire ignition, and wire-compound ignition. Among these, electrohydraulic breakdown is easily repeated, but it suffers from high breakdown voltage, significant energy loss, and low energy conversion efficiency. Using a wire as a load can effectively reduce the operating voltage and improve the system's energy conversion efficiency. In the combination of wire and compound, the wire serves as the primary ignition material, while the compound acts as the main ignition material, jointly maintaining arc combustion. The energy deposited by the arc includes both the system's electrical energy and the compound's chemical energy, further enhancing the system's energy conversion efficiency and the arc's effectiveness. Compared to explosive compounds, metal powders offer advantages such as high energy content, chemical stability, and controllable safety; however, the reaction time of metal powders is much longer than that of wire ignition.

[0004] Existing electrohydraulic detonation technology lacks methods for regulating the energy of the load deposition process, making it difficult to analyze the ratio of deposited electrical energy to released energy during arc deposition. System design lacks theoretical basis, resulting in low efficiency in converting stored energy and compound-released energy into shock wave energy, and significant energy loss. Furthermore, controlling the load deposition energy is difficult, hindering the utilization of the safety and controllability advantages of electromagnetic equipment, ultimately making it difficult to achieve efficient and reliable application of the system in various scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a method for precise energy control of high-energy liquid-electric detonation. It proposes a method for calculating load energy deposition at each stage of high-energy liquid-electric detonation. By controlling the load energy at each stage, the method achieves matching of composite pulse power, wire size, and metal powder quality, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of system energy storage to load deposition energy and shock wave energy. It also enables quantitative evaluation of load deposition energy, ultimately achieving controllable application of high-energy liquid-electric detonation, guiding system design, and improving system safety.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, this invention provides an energy control method for high-energy liquid-electric detonation, applied when a composite pulse power acts on a load to generate a shock wave. The composite pulse power consists of a combination of a high-amplitude pulse and a long-width pulse. The load is a combination of metal wire and metal powder. The control method includes four aspects: control of the electrical and chemical energy of the metal wire, control of the electrical energy deposited in the plasma channel, control of the energy released by the metal powder, and control of the shock wave energy.

[0007] In the process of regulating the electrical and chemical energy of a metal wire, the high-amplitude pulse component in the composite pulse power is used to deposit electrical energy into the metal wire and completely release its chemical energy.

[0008] During the plasma channel deposition energy regulation process, the duration and impedance of the plasma channel are adjusted by controlling the long pulse width component in the composite pulse power, thereby controlling the channel deposition energy and external radiated heat, which in turn enables the metal powder to react with the liquid medium and release energy.

[0009] During the energy release regulation process of metal powder, some of the metal powder is heated by the external radiant heat of the plasma channel, thereby reacting with the liquid medium. By controlling the reaction rate between the metal powder and the liquid medium, the energy release can be controlled, allowing the metal powder reaction to reach self-sustaining behavior.

[0010] In the process of shock wave energy regulation, the power and energy deposition rate of the load are adjusted at each stage of the regulation process by matching the parameters of composite pulse power, wire size, and metal powder. This controls the conversion efficiency of the load-deposited energy into shock wave energy, resulting in a shock wave with controllable energy. The intensity of the shock wave depends on the deposited energy power. By adjusting the energy deposition power through matching the composite pulse power, wire size, and metal powder, the intensity of the shock wave can be regulated.

[0011] Furthermore, within the structure formed by the metal wire, the energy deposition process of the load occurs during the phase transition and reaction of the metal wire in the process of regulating the electrical and chemical energy of the metal wire, during the energy deposition of the plasma channel in the process of regulating the electrical energy of the plasma channel, and during the ignition and reaction of the metal powder in the process of regulating the release of energy from the metal powder. The load deposition energy is the sum of the load deposition electrical energy and the released energy during the load energy deposition process.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-amplitude pulse precedes the long-width pulse in timing, and the long-width pulse is composed of multiple short-width pulses.

[0013] Furthermore, in the process of regulating the electrical and chemical energy of the metal wire, under the action of a high-amplitude pulse component, the metal wire deposits electrical energy through phase change. By adjusting the size of the metal wire to match the high-amplitude pulse component, the deposition of electrical energy during the phase change process of the metal wire is controlled, allowing the metal wire to react completely with the liquid medium and release chemical energy.

[0014] Electrical energy deposited during the phase transition stage of metal wire as follows:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] in, i ( t ) is the current flowing through the load, R ( t ) is the impedance of the metal wire, l For the length of the metal wire, S For the cross-sectional area of ​​the metal wire, ρ ( t ) represents the electrical conductivity of the metal wire, and t represents the time required for the metal wire to completely vaporize.

[0018] The resistivity of a metal wire is described using a specific action model, where the specific action g is defined as...

[0019]

[0020] During the solid-state and liquid-state heating stages, the electrical conductivity of the metal wire ρ ( t )for:

[0021]

[0022] in, ρ i The initial conductivity during the solid-liquid heating stage. ρ m The termination conductivity during the solid and liquid heating stages. g m This represents the specific action required for the solid-liquid heating stage.

[0023] During the melting and vaporization stages, the electrical conductivity of the metal wire ρ ( t )for:

[0024] .

[0025] Furthermore, the chemical energy released by the complete reaction of the metal wire with the liquid medium originates from the energy released by the reaction of metal vapor with the liquid medium, and depends on the mass of metal vapor obtained from the vaporization of the metal wire.

[0026] The chemical energy released by the complete reaction of the metal wire with the liquid medium and the electrical energy deposited during the phase transition stage of the metal wire satisfy the following relationship:

[0027] When the electrical energy required for deposition during the phase transition stage of the metal wire is less than the energy required for the metal wire to begin vaporization, no chemical energy is released. E c =0;

[0028] When the electrical energy deposited during the phase transition stage of the metal wire is greater than the energy required for the metal wire to begin vaporization but less than the energy required for the metal wire to completely vaporize, the chemical energy released by the complete reaction of the metal wire with the liquid medium... for:

[0029]

[0030] in, E 0 represents the chemical energy released per unit mass of metal wire. Q The energy required for the vaporization of a unit mass of metal wire e 0 represents the energy required for a unit mass of metal wire to reach vaporization conditions. m This refers to the total mass of the metal wire;

[0031] When the energy required for phase transformation deposition of a metal wire is greater than the energy required for complete vaporization of the metal wire, the chemical energy stored in the metal wire is completely released. E c = mE 0.

[0032] Furthermore, after undergoing a phase transition, the metal wire is broken down to form a plasma channel. The impedance of the plasma channel is controlled by the length of the metal wire and the long-pulse-width component of the composite pulse power. The plasma channel deposition energy... satisfy:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] in, R c ( t () represents the plasma channel resistance. A For constants related to the metal wire material, i ( t ) represents the current flowing through the load.

[0036] Furthermore, the duration of the plasma channel depends on the long pulse width component. The metal powder reacts by absorbing the radiant heat from the plasma channel, and the time t required for the metal powder to react is:

[0037]

[0038] in, r Let be the radius of the metal powder. ρ p The density of the metal powder c p Specific heat capacity of metal powder. To achieve the desired temperature rise for the metal powder reaction, the starting point for the temperature rise is room temperature. T The heat generated by the reaction of the metal powder comes from the radiation of the metal wire, which is the surface temperature rise of the metal wire.

[0039] Furthermore, the portion of the metal powder closest to the plasma channel, due to the highest heating, reacts first with the liquid medium, releasing energy and radiating heat outwards. This radiated heat heats the nearby metal powder to the reaction temperature, achieving self-sustaining reaction. The chemical energy released by the metal powder after the self-sustaining reaction is:

[0040]

[0041] in, m k The mass of the metal powder reacted. E k0 The chemical energy released by the reaction of a unit mass of metal powder.

[0042] Furthermore, energy is deposited and shock waves are generated in all three processes: the phase transition and reaction of the metal wire, the energy deposition process of the plasma channel, and the ignition and reaction process of the metal powder. The shock waves at different stages catch up and superimpose to form the total shock wave.

[0043] Furthermore, the total shock wave energy E is:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] in, k For energy conversion efficiency, E a This represents the total energy of the load deposition.

[0047] In summary, the technical solutions conceived by this invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0048] 1. This invention proposes a method for calculating the load deposition energy at each stage of high-energy liquid-electric detonation, and provides a method for evaluating the deposition energy of high-energy liquid-electric detonation, which can be used to guide system design. This invention also proposes the inherent developmental relationships between each stage of high-energy liquid-electric detonation, and provides methods for controlling energy deposition at each stage. By controlling the energy at each stage, the load deposition energy can be controlled, improving the safety and controllability of high-energy liquid-electric detonation applications.

[0049] 2. This invention improves the energy conversion efficiency of the system from energy storage to load and shock wave by matching composite power pulses, wire size and metal powder quality, and provides guidance for system optimization matching.

[0050] 3. This invention can adjust the energy ratio of each stage for different application scenarios, optimize the load energy distribution ratio, and adapt to different application needs. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for precise energy control of high-energy liquid-electric detonation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a circuit topology diagram of a method for precise energy control of high-energy liquid-electric detonation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the load structure of a high-energy liquid-electric detonation precise energy control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the metal wire phase transition and reaction stages of a high-energy liquid-electric detonation precise energy control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the plasma channel deposition of electrical energy stage in a high-energy liquid-electric detonation energy precision control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the metal powder ignition and reaction stages of the high-energy liquid-electric detonation precise energy control method provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for precise energy control of high-energy liquid-electric detonation provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it includes the following aspects:

[0059] The regulation of electrical and chemical energy in metal wires involves using the high amplitude component of the composite pulse power to rapidly deposit electrical energy into the metal wires and fully release their chemical energy.

[0060] The plasma channel deposition energy regulation is specifically achieved by adjusting the plasma channel duration and channel impedance through the long pulse width component of the composite pulse power, thereby controlling the channel deposition energy and external radiated heat, so that the metal powder reacts with the water medium to release energy.

[0061] The energy release regulation of metal powder involves partially heating the metal powder with radiation from the plasma channel and reacting it with the liquid medium. The reaction rate between the metal powder and the liquid medium is controlled, and energy is released to the outside to make the metal powder reaction self-sustaining.

[0062] Shock wave energy regulation specifically involves adjusting the energy deposition at each stage of the load by matching the composite pulse power, wire size, and metal powder, and controlling the conversion efficiency of the load-deposited energy into shock wave energy at each stage, so as to maximize the total shock wave energy and meet application requirements.

[0063] Specifically, the arcing process mainly includes three stages: the phase transition and reaction process of the metal wire, the energy deposition process in the plasma channel, and the ignition and reaction process of the metal powder. Specifically, a composite pulse power is applied to the load. Under the influence of the high-amplitude component of this composite pulse power, the metal wire rapidly deposits energy, undergoing phase transition stages such as melting and vaporization within a very short time, transforming into high-temperature gaseous metal particles. These particles react with the water medium, releasing chemical energy. The energy source for the metal wire in this process is the deposited electrical energy and the chemical energy released from the vaporized metal powder. The electrical energy deposited during the phase transition stage of the metal wire is... , The high-amplitude component of the composite pulse power and the wire size are jointly controlled to satisfy:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] in, i ( t ) is the current flowing through the arc load, R ( t ) is the impedance of the metal wire, l For the length of the metal wire, S For the cross-sectional area of ​​the metal wire, ρ ( t ) represents the conductivity of the metal wire. t The time for the metal wire to completely vaporize.

[0067] Using specific action The model describes the resistivity of the metal wire and defines the specific action. for:

[0068]

[0069] The meanings of each parameter are as described above.

[0070] The electrical conductivity of the metal wire during the solid-state and liquid-state heating stages ρ ( t The following requirements must be met:

[0071]

[0072] in, ρ i The initial conductivity during the solid-liquid heating stage. ρ m The termination conductivity during the solid and liquid heating stages. g m This represents the specific action required for the solid-liquid heating stage.

[0073] During the melting and vaporization stages, the electrical conductivity of the metal wire... ρ ( t The following requirements must be met:

[0074]

[0075] The meanings of each parameter are the same as above.

[0076] The release of chemical energy by the metal wire depends on the mass of its vaporization. When the electrical energy deposited during the phase transition stage is less than the energy required for the wire to begin vaporization, no chemical energy is released; when the energy deposited during the phase transition stage is greater than the energy required for the wire to begin vaporization, chemical energy is released. for:

[0077]

[0078] in, E 0 represents the chemical energy released per unit mass of metal wire. Q The energy required for vaporization per unit mass of metal wire e 0 represents the energy required for a unit mass of metal wire to reach the vaporization condition. m The mass of the metal wire.

[0079] When the energy required for phase transformation deposition of a metal wire is greater than the energy required for complete vaporization of the metal wire, the stored chemical energy of the metal wire is completely released. E c = mE 0. By adjusting the wire size and pulse power supply parameters, the deposition energy during the phase transition stage of the wire is controlled, thereby regulating the deposition of electrical energy and the release of chemical energy during the phase transition stage of the wire, so that the chemical energy stored in the wire is completely released.

[0080] Figure 2This is a circuit topology diagram of a high-energy liquid-electric detonation precise energy control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the circuit topology of the pulse power supply and the load is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure C 1 is the first pulse capacitor with a rated capacitance of 20μF and a charging voltage of 18kV; the pulse inductor... L The inductance value is 5μH, when the first thyristor S When 1 is turned on, C 1 through L One pair of loads discharges, generating a high-power amplitude pulse. Once the energy of the first pulse capacitor is fully released, the first diode... D 1. Enable freewheeling to avoid the first pulse capacitor. C 1. Back pressure is generated at both ends. Figure 2 In the middle, the second pulse capacitor C 2 is a pulse capacitor with a rated capacitance of 9.47mF and a charging voltage of 4kV; the pulse inductor is... L The inductance value is 25μH, when the second thyristor S When 2 is turned on, the second pulse capacitor C 2 through L Two pairs of loads discharge, forming a long pulse width. When the second pulse capacitor... C 2. After the energy is completely released, the second diode D 2. Conduct freewheeling to avoid second pulse capacitor. C 2. Back pressure is generated at both ends.

[0081] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the load structure of a high-energy liquid-electric detonation precise energy control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A structural diagram of the load described in the structure, that is, Figure 2 The load design described in the document is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the load employs a combination of metal wire and metal powder. Specifically, the metal wire is made of 0.8mm diameter aluminum wire, wound into a spiral structure 303, with an outer diameter of 5mm and a pitch of 1mm. The metal powder 302 is 0.1mm particle size aluminum powder, with a filling mass of 2g (2g fills the volume of the load). The encapsulation material 301 is polyethylene, used to encapsulate the metal wire and metal powder. Figure 3 This method can effectively ensure that the metal powder reacts from the outside to the inside, avoiding the loss of metal powder (because the metal powder is in the middle of the entire structure, and the shock wave compresses the metal powder inward).

[0082] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the metal wire phase transition and reaction stages in a high-energy liquid-electric detonation precise energy control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4As shown, during the phase transition stage of the metal wire and its reaction with the aqueous medium, a pulsed current 402 flows through the liquid phase 403 of the metal wire, heating it. Due to the skin effect, the outer layer of the metal wire is vaporized into vaporized metal particles 401, which diffuse into the aqueous medium 405 and react with the aqueous medium to produce alumina particles 404. The deposition energy of the metal wire during the phase transition stage is... =1945.9J, phase transition energy of aluminum wire E a The molar mass of aluminum is 381.7 kJ / mol. m a The phase transition energy of the aluminum wire is 27 g / mol. =1055J, of which ρ For the quality of aluminum wire, m This refers to the volume of the aluminum wire. The energy deposited during the phase transition stage of the metal wire is sufficient to allow the wire to completely vaporize. The energy generated per unit mass of aluminum reacting with water... E 0 is 15.1 kJ / g, therefore the energy produced by the reaction of the metal wire is E c = mE 0 = 414.7 J.

[0083] Furthermore, after the metal wire has completely reacted, the vaporized metal wire particles transform into non-conductive oxides. At this point, the load impedance reaches its maximum value, an overvoltage is generated across the load, and the load breaks down, forming an initial plasma channel. With the action of the long-pulse-width component of the composite pulse power, the initial plasma channel continuously deposits electrical energy and expands, and the channel impedance rapidly decreases to a steady-state value. The plasma channel impedance is controlled by the metal wire length and the long-pulse-width component of the composite pulse power, and the plasma channel deposits energy... satisfy:

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] in, R c ( t ) is the plasma channel resistance, A These are constants related to the metal wire material; the other parameters have similar meanings as described above.

[0087] Because the plasma channel has a short duration, heat cannot be conducted quickly enough; the metal powder is mainly heated by thermal radiation to achieve the required reaction time t. 金属 for:

[0088]

[0089] in, r For the radius of metal powder, ρ p For metal powder density, c p For the specific heat capacity of metal powder, To achieve the desired temperature rise for the metal powder reaction, T This is to increase the surface temperature of the conductor. By controlling the deposition energy of the plasma channel, the heat radiated outward from the channel is increased to reach the reaction temperature of the metal powder.

[0090] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the plasma channel deposition of electrical energy stage in a high-energy liquid-electric detonation energy precision control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, during the ignition of metal powder in the plasma channel, the plasma channel 504 generates light and heat radiation, forming a heating region 503. Within this region, the metal powder 501 absorbs the radiation and is heated to the reaction temperature. Under a charging voltage of 2kV, the deposition energy during the plasma channel stage is... =17.8kJ, R c ( t The resistance of the plasma channel is denoted as , the surface temperature of the plasma channel is approximately 20000K-40000K, and the duration is 2ms. The ignition time of the metal powder is approximately 200μs, which effectively ignites the metal powder. The metal powder is made of aluminum powder.

[0091] Furthermore, the metal powder near the plasma channel absorbs radiant heat, and upon reaching the reaction temperature, reacts with the aqueous medium, releasing energy and further igniting the metal powder, making the reaction self-sustaining. Even after the plasma channel is extinguished, the metal powder continues to release energy, and the load continues to deposit energy. The metal powder releases energy after the self-sustaining reaction. for:

[0092]

[0093] in, m k The mass of the metal powder reacted. E k0 The energy released per unit mass of metal powder during reaction is determined by the mass of the metal powder. The energy released can be controlled by adjusting the mass of the metal powder.

[0094] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the metal powder ignition and reaction stages in the high-energy liquid-electric detonation precise energy control method provided in this embodiment of the invention, as shown below. Figure 6As shown, during the metal powder reaction, the metal powder 603 near the plasma channel is heated to the reaction temperature and reacts with the water medium 601 to form an oxide layer 602, which in turn heats the remaining metal powder 604. The shock wave generated by the chemical energy released from the reaction will destroy the oxide layer and compress the remaining metal powder 604, ensuring a reliable self-sustaining reaction. Calculations show that the final chemical energy released by the complete reaction of 2g of aluminum powder is 30.2kJ.

[0095] Furthermore, the high-energy liquid-electric detonation includes the metal wire phase transition and reaction process, the plasma channel deposition of electrical energy process, and the metal powder ignition and reaction process, and the continuous deposition energy of the electric arc is the sum of the deposition energy during the continuous process:

[0096]

[0097] in, E a Energy is deposited by the electric arc. The shock waves generated in each process overlap and superimpose to form the total shock wave, the energy of which is:

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] in, k Energy conversion efficiency.

[0101] In actual process time, by adjusting the composite pulse power, wire size and wire powder quality, the load energy deposition at each stage can be controlled to achieve a match between the three, which can effectively improve the system's energy storage conversion efficiency and its effect in different application scenarios.

[0102] in, Figure 4 The process shown Figure 5 The process shown and Figure 6 The process shown is sequential and continuous, starting with the phase transition of the metal wire, followed by the formation of the plasma channel, and then the ignition of the metal powder.

[0103] In addition to the above combinations of metal wires and metal powders, there are other arbitrary combinations of metal wires and metal powders with high energy storage.

[0104] Preferably, the total energy of the electric arc deposition is about 50.3 kJ. In this embodiment, the electric arc is applied to the rock-breaking area, and the energy deposition is converted into shock wave energy with a conversion efficiency of 20%, so the effective shock wave energy is about 10 kJ.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for energy control in high-energy liquid-electric detonation, characterized in that, This application utilizes composite pulsed power to generate shock waves on a load. The composite pulsed power consists of a combination of high-amplitude pulses and long-width pulses. The load is a combination of metal wire and metal powder. Its regulation includes four aspects: regulation of the electrical and chemical energy of the metal wire, regulation of the electrical energy deposited in the plasma channel, regulation of the energy released by the metal powder, and regulation of the shock wave energy. In the process of regulating the electrical and chemical energy of a metal wire, the high-amplitude pulse component in the composite pulse power is used to deposit electrical energy into the metal wire and completely release its chemical energy. During the plasma channel deposition energy regulation process, the duration and impedance of the plasma channel are adjusted by controlling the long pulse width component in the composite pulse power, thereby controlling the channel deposition energy and external radiated heat, which in turn enables the metal powder to react with the liquid medium and release energy. During the energy release regulation process of metal powder, some of the metal powder is heated by the external radiant heat of the plasma channel, thereby reacting with the liquid medium. By controlling the reaction rate between the metal powder and the liquid medium, the energy release can be controlled, allowing the metal powder reaction to reach self-sustaining behavior. In the process of shock wave energy modulation, the power and energy deposition rate of the load are adjusted by matching the parameters of composite pulse power, wire size, and metal powder in each modulation process. This controls the conversion efficiency of the load-deposited energy into shock wave energy, thereby obtaining a shock wave with controllable energy. Metal powder is inside the structure formed by the metal wire. The load energy deposition process occurs during the phase transition and reaction of the metal wire in the process of regulating the electrical and chemical energy of the metal wire, during the plasma channel energy deposition process in the process of regulating the electrical energy of the plasma channel deposition, and during the metal powder ignition and reaction process in the process of regulating the energy release of the metal powder. The load deposition energy is the sum of the load deposition electrical energy and the released energy during the load energy deposition process.

2. The energy control method for high-energy liquid-electric detonation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-amplitude pulse precedes the long-width pulse in timing, and the long-width pulse is composed of multiple short-width pulses.

3. The energy control method for high-energy liquid-electric detonation as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the process of regulating the electrical and chemical energy of a metal wire, the metal wire deposits electrical energy through phase change under the influence of a high-amplitude pulse component. By adjusting the size of the metal wire to match the high-amplitude pulse component, the deposition of electrical energy during the phase change process is controlled, allowing the metal wire to react completely with the liquid medium and release chemical energy. Electrical energy deposited during the phase transition stage of metal wire as follows: in, i ( t ) is the current flowing through the load, R ( t ) is the impedance of the metal wire, l For the length of the metal wire, S For the cross-sectional area of ​​the metal wire, ρ ( t ) represents the resistivity of the metal wire, and t represents the time required for the metal wire to completely vaporize. The resistivity of a metal wire is described using a specific action model, where the specific action g is defined as... During the solid and liquid heating stages, the resistivity of the metal wire ρ ( t )for: in, ρ i The initial resistivity during the solid-liquid heating stage. ρ m The resistivity is the final value for the solid and liquid heating stages. g m This represents the specific action required for the solid-liquid heating stage. During the melting and vaporization stages, the resistivity of the metal wire ρ ( t )for: 。 4. The energy control method for high-energy liquid-electric detonation as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The chemical energy released by the complete reaction of a metal wire with a liquid medium originates from the energy released by the reaction of metal vapor with the liquid medium, and depends on the mass of metal vapor obtained from the vaporization of the metal wire. The chemical energy released by the complete reaction of the metal wire with the liquid medium and the electrical energy deposited during the phase transition stage of the metal wire satisfy the following relationship: When the electrical energy required for deposition during the phase transition stage of the metal wire is less than the energy required for the metal wire to begin vaporization, no chemical energy is released. E c =0; When the electrical energy deposited during the phase transition stage of the metal wire is greater than the energy required for the metal wire to begin vaporization but less than the energy required for the metal wire to completely vaporize, the chemical energy released by the complete reaction of the metal wire with the liquid medium... for: in, E 0 represents the chemical energy released per unit mass of metal wire. Q The energy required for the vaporization of a unit mass of metal wire e 0 represents the energy required for a unit mass of metal wire to reach vaporization conditions. m This refers to the total mass of the metal wire; When the energy required for phase transformation deposition of a metal wire is greater than the energy required for complete vaporization of the metal wire, the chemical energy stored in the metal wire is completely released. E c = mE 0.

5. The energy control method for high-energy liquid-electric detonation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, After undergoing a phase transition, the metal wire is broken down to form a plasma channel. The impedance of the plasma channel is controlled by the length of the metal wire and the long-pulse-width component of the composite pulse power. The plasma channel deposition energy... satisfy: in, R c ( t ) represents the plasma channel resistance. A For constants related to the metal wire material, i ( t ) represents the current flowing through the load.

6. The energy control method for high-energy liquid-electric detonation as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The duration of the plasma channel depends on the long pulse width component. The metal powder reacts by absorbing the radiant heat from the plasma channel. The time t required for the metal powder to react is: in, r Let be the radius of the metal powder. ρ p The density of the metal powder c p Specific heat capacity of metal powder. To achieve the desired temperature rise for the metal powder reaction, the starting point for the temperature rise is room temperature. T The heat generated by the reaction of the metal powder comes from the radiation of the metal wire, which is the surface temperature rise of the metal wire.

7. The energy control method for high-energy liquid-electric detonation as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The portion of the metal powder closest to the plasma channel experiences the most heat and reacts first with the liquid medium, releasing energy and radiating heat. This radiated heat heats the nearby metal powder to the reaction temperature, achieving a self-sustaining reaction. The chemical energy released by the self-sustaining reaction is as follows: in, m k The mass of the metal powder reacted. E k0 The chemical energy released by the reaction of a unit mass of metal powder.

8. The method for precise energy control of high-energy liquid-electric detonation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Energy is deposited and shock waves are generated in all three processes: the phase transition and reaction of the metal wire, the energy deposition process of the plasma channel, and the ignition and reaction process of the metal powder. The shock waves at different stages chase and superimpose to form the total shock wave.

9. The method for precise energy control of high-energy liquid-electric detonation as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The total shock wave energy E is: in, k For energy conversion efficiency, E a This represents the total energy of the load deposition.

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