Combined flat for a flat card

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of textile machinery and discloses a combined flat for a flat carding machine, which is composed of a metal flat strip (2) and an elastic flat strip (1). The two are detachably installed on the same flat framework (3) through installation grooves (8) and can be replaced independently without interference. The elastic flat strip (1) is close to the fiber inlet, and the metal flat strip (2) is arranged at the rear side of the elastic flat strip (1). The metal flat strip (2) is composed of a metal carding rack (4) and a metal carding rack support (5). The elastic flat strip (1) is composed of a steel needle (7) implanted on a base cloth (6) and the base cloth (6). When the fiber type or the carding process changes, the metal flat strip and the elastic flat strip can be replaced independently without interference, effective opening and impurity removal are realized at the flat inlet, the long-term stability of the process gauge is maintained at the tightest outlet gauge, and higher yield and carding quality are obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of textile machinery, in particular to a combined flat for a flat type carding machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The flat is a key component of the carding machine for carding fibers. A modern carding machine usually has a fixed flat structure in front and back according to the carding process and an elastic flat needle cloth structure between the fixed flat to form the entire flat carding system.

[0003] A typical elastic flat needle cloth structure is shown in DE102007037055A1. In the current application, the size of the gap between the closest parts of the typical elastic flat and the cylinder needle cloth is difficult to control, especially on a wide carding machine, as the speed and output of the carding machine increase. This is because the binding effect of the elastic body bottom cloth on the steel needle decreases with the increase of the carding force. This can cause instability of the gap and fluctuations in the carding quality, even serious deterioration, when the carding speed and output are high. Since the steel needle deforms together with the bottom cloth during the carding process, when the deformation is too large and the process gap is too small, the steel needle collides with the cylinder needle teeth, causing damage to the needle cloth and significantly reducing the service life of the carding needle cloth. In order to prevent this from happening, the elastic flat needle cloth usually needs to be set with a larger process gap, which will result in a decrease in carding effect. This typical elastic needle cloth has a significant difference in flatness during processing compared to a completely rigid metal sawtooth flat, as the steel needle carrier itself has elasticity, which limits its use of very small process gaps.

[0004] The use of a completely rigid metal sawtooth structure can ensure the stability of the carding gap, but it will increase the damage to the fibers. Although the use of a segmented structure such as CN204898162U and the adoption of a certain inclination angle can alleviate the damage to the fibers, it is still difficult to control the fiber damage below a reasonable level when facing cotton fibers or regenerated cotton fibers, so this type of structure can only be used in the carding of chemical fibers with high fiber breaking strength for a long time. In addition, the use of a completely metal sawtooth structure makes it difficult to capture impurities in the fibers, and it is difficult to form enough flat flowers, which results in poor impurity removal ability in the fibers, making it difficult to card cotton fibers containing medium and high impurities.

[0005] The fixed carding needle structure of CN207793502U is beneficial to alleviate fiber damage, but the rigid fixed carding needle usually needs to adopt a relatively thick steel needle to avoid plastic deformation or even breakage of the steel needle during carding, which leads to that the fixed carding needle in the main carding area cannot effectively open the relatively medium or small cotton bundle, thereby hindering the improvement of the carding effect. In addition, due to the breakage problem of the steel needle, the fixed carding needle cannot adopt the knee bending structure shown in DE102007037055A1, thereby limiting the exclusion of impurity fibers by the flat clothing, and thus being not suitable for the carding of cotton fibers.

[0006] Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a combined flat for a flat carding machine, which can effectively open and remove impurities at the inlet of the flat, and can maintain long-term stability of the process gauge at the tightest outlet gauge.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a combined flat for a flat carding machine, which is composed of a metal flat strip and an elastic flat strip. The metal flat strip and the elastic flat strip are detachably mounted on the same flat skeleton through mounting grooves, and can be replaced independently without interfering with each other. The elastic flat strip is close to the fiber inlet, and the metal flat strip is arranged at the rear side of the elastic flat strip. The metal flat strip is composed of a metal clothing rack and a metal clothing rack support. The elastic flat strip is composed of a steel needle implanted on a base cloth and the base cloth, and is manufactured by using an elastic flat needle mounting machine.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the metal flat strip and the elastic flat strip are combined, the advantages of the rigid metal flat rack and the elastic steel needle strip are considered, the metal flat strip and the elastic flat strip can be replaced independently without interfering with each other when the type of fiber or the carding process changes, effective opening is realized at the inlet of the flat, long-term stability of the process gauge is maintained at the tightest outlet gauge, higher yield and carding quality are obtained, and elastic production is facilitated.

[0010] Preferably, the ratio of the metal clothing support width L1 of the metal flat strip to the elastic clothing support width L2 of the elastic flat strip is L1 / L2=0.9-3.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the ratio exceeds this range, on the one hand, it is not conducive to processing and manufacturing, and on the other hand, it lacks practical application scenarios.

[0012] Preferably, the ratio of the metal clothing support width L1 of the metal flat strip to the metal rack width L3 of the metal clothing rack is L3 / L1>0.7.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the ratio is less than the ratio, not only will the carding degree be insufficient, but even the area without sawteeth will produce difficult-to-clean dirt, thereby deteriorating the entire carding effect.

[0014] Preferably, the metal carding height h1 of the metal flat strip and the elastic carding height h2 of the elastic flat strip have a height difference of |h1-h2|≦0.30mm, preferably h1=h2.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, by having a height difference of less than or equal to 0.30mm, the process gauge adjustment is facilitated, and when the heights of the two are the same, the process gauge adjustment becomes particularly simple.

[0016] Preferably, the steel needles on the elastic flat strip have a flat steel needle working angle a, the metal carding strip on the metal flat strip has a metal carding strip working angle b, a

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, the angle difference between the working angles of the flat steel needle working angle and the metal carding strip working angle is less than or equal to 25°, which effectively matches the metal carding strip with the steel needle.

[0018] Preferably, the metal carding strip is made of high-carbon micro-alloy steel with a carbon content ranging from 0.80-1.05%. The surface of the metal carding strip is coated with a wear-resistant coating formed by electroplated hard chromium, PVD, CVD, or chemical nickel-phosphorus plating.

[0019] By adopting the above technical scheme, high-carbon micro-alloy steel is used, and the surface is coated with a wear-resistant coating formed by electroplated hard chromium, PVD, CVD, or chemical nickel-phosphorus plating, which effectively alleviates the wear caused by carding fibers.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present application adopts the form of combination of metal flat strip and elastic flat strip, taking into account the advantages of rigid metal flat strip and elastic steel needle strip, and when the type of fiber or the carding process changes, the metal flat strip and the elastic flat strip can be replaced separately without interfering with each other, achieving effective opening and impurity removal at the inlet of the flat, maintaining long-term stability of the process gauge at the tightest outlet gauge, facilitating higher yield, carding quality, and being conducive to elastic production.

[0022] 2. The metal flat strip of the present application is composed of metal carding strip and metal carding strip support, and the ratio of the metal strip width L3 of the loaded metal carding strip to the metal carding support width L1 is L3 / L1>0.7, which avoids insufficient carding degree and avoids the area without sawteeth producing difficult-to-clean dirt, effectively improving the carding effect.

[0023] 3. The steel needle of the elastic flat strip has a flat steel needle working angle a, the metal flat strip has a metal needle bar working angle β, a < β and |a-β|≦25°, so that the metal needle bar and the steel needle are effectively matched. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a side view of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 It is an assembly diagram of the metal flat strip 2 and the elastic flat strip 1 of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a working angle diagram of the flat steel needle of the present application.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a working angle diagram of the metal needle bar of the present application.

[0029] In the figure, 1. elastic flat strip, 2. metal flat strip, 3. flat skeleton, 4. metal needle bar, 5. metal needle bar support, 6. bottom cloth, 7. steel needle, 8. installation groove.

[0030] L0: total width of the flat, L1: width of the metal needle bar support, L2: width of the elastic needle bar support, L3: width of the metal needle bar, h1: height of the metal needle bar, h2: height of the elastic needle bar; a: flat steel needle working angle; β: metal needle bar working angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] As Figure 1As shown, a combined flat for a flat carding machine is composed of a metal flat strip 2 and an elastic flat strip 1. The metal flat strip 2 and the elastic flat strip 1 are installed on the same flat skeleton 3, and the metal flat strip 2 and the elastic flat strip 1 are embedded in the installation groove 8 of the flat skeleton 3. The metal flat strip 2 can be fixed in the installation groove 8 by bolts and nuts, and the elastic flat strip 1 can be installed in the installation groove 8 by means of glue. The metal flat strip 2 and the elastic flat strip 1 can be replaced independently without interfering with each other. The metal flat strip 2 is composed of a metal carding strip 4 and a metal carding strip support 5. The metal carding strip 4 adopts a rigid structure and bears a larger carding load than traditional carding cloth, resulting in faster wear. Therefore, it is usually necessary to strengthen the tooth tip to alleviate the wear caused by carding fibers. The metal carding strip 4 is made of high-carbon micro-alloy steel with a carbon content of more than 0.80%, and a wear-resistant coating formed by electroplated hard chromium, PVD, CVD or chemical nickel-phosphorus plating is coated on the surface of the metal carding strip 4. The elastic flat strip 1 is composed of a steel needle 7 implanted on a base cloth 6 and the base cloth 6, and is manufactured using an elastic flat needle implanting machine. The parameters of the metal flat strip 2 and the elastic flat strip 1 are adjusted according to different carding fibers, estimated according to classical carding theory or computer simulation calculation, and finally determined through actual machine test. When the fiber type or carding process changes, the adjustment of the carding cloth is carried out by installing new metal flat strips 2 and elastic flat strips 1. The replaced carding strips can be temporarily stored to realize flexible production when the raw materials or process change, which is beneficial to reduce production cost. The present application adopts a combined structure, which combines the advantages of fixed flat and elastic flat, can effectively open and remove impurities of fiber bundles at the inlet, can maintain the long-term stability of the process gauge at the outlet with the tightest gauge, avoid the instability of the gauge in the main carding area at high speed and high yield, and solve the problems of difficult control of the flatness of the current elastic flat and the deformation of the steel needle and the insufficient wear resistance of the flat needle tip, realize the long-term high efficiency and stability of the carding effect.

[0032] The base cloth 6 is composed of high molecular material and fiber material, the high molecular material is natural rubber, modified natural rubber, synthetic rubber, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide and other common engineering polymer materials, the fiber material is natural cotton, hemp, wool and other or synthetic fiber or semi-synthetic fiber woven or non-woven cloth, and the two are reinforced by interlacing and stacking, and are combined by subsequent cross-linking and curing processes such as vulcanization, photocuring, dehydration cross-linking and the like to form a stable overall structure. The fiber ratio is more than half. A drum-type flat base cloth production equipment is used to extrude and form under heating conditions, and has a specific size.

[0033] The arrangement of the steel needles 7 adopts the common satin, twill, uniform or sparse structure. These arrangements can consider the fiber impurity removal and carding during long-term use. These arrangements are the classic arrangements.

[0034] As shown in Figure 2 The single cover plate of the flat-top carding machine can be simply divided into an inlet area and an outlet area according to the function. The distance between the inlet area and the cylinder is large, and its main function is to break down the large fiber bundle and remove the large particle impurities and neps in the fiber; the distance between the outlet area and the cylinder is small, and its main function is to card the fiber to make it parallel, remove the small particle impurities, dust and fine neps. The cover plate of the combined flat-top carding machine of the present application is composed of an elastic cover plate strip 1 near the fiber inlet and a metal cover plate strip 2 in the middle and rear part. The use of the elastic cover plate strip 1 structure at the inlet can increase the density of the carding needle and achieve the opening of the small and medium fiber bundles. Since the elastic cover plate strip 1 adopts an elastic structure, the opening of the fiber bundle is relatively soft, thereby avoiding excessive damage to the fiber, because when the large cotton bundle passes through, the steel needle 7 can be elastically bent to form a buffer effect. When a high needle bending knee structure is used, the ability to remove large particle impurities can be maximized, forming a cover plate flower and forming a cotton waste under the action of the mechanism. Since the distance between this area and the cylinder is usually greater than 0.6 mm, the deformation of the steel needle will not cause the collision with the cylinder card clothing. The rigid metal sawtooth in the outlet area completes the main carding function. Since the metal card clothing strip 4 is rigid, there is no need to worry about the deformation of the carding process causing unstable process gauge, or even needle tooth collision caused by deformation, so that a smaller process gauge can be designed, thereby enhancing the carding effect. In some high-quality carding occasions, due to the completely rigid structure at the outlet, a smaller process gauge than the traditional elastic cover plate card clothing can be set without worrying about the mutual collision between the carding carding clothing, thereby obtaining a better carding effect. The use of the metal cover plate strip 2 in the carding area makes the rigid structure of the installed metal cover plate strip 2 easy to measure, greatly improving the measurement accuracy of the height of the metal cover plate strip 2, making the carding gauge easy to adjust and keep stable for a long time, which is beneficial to the improvement of the carding quality. In addition, since the metal card clothing strip 4 has stronger processing performance than the elastic card clothing, a higher needle density than the cover plate steel needle 7 can be used in this area, further improving the carding degree of the fiber.

[0035] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the combined structure used in the present application can adjust the opening ratio and carding ratio by adjusting the width L1 of the metal cover strip 2 and the width L2 of the elastic cover strip 1 according to the actual carding characteristics, thereby improving the adaptability of the present application in various carding occasions. According to general theory and practice, L1 / L2 = 0.9-3 needs to be met. When the ratio exceeds this range, on the one hand, it is not conducive to processing and manufacturing, and on the other hand, it lacks practical application scenarios.

[0036] The metal cover strip 2 of the present application is composed of a metal carding strip 4 and a metal carding strip support 5 loaded with sawteeth. In order to maximize the carding effect, the metal carding strip 4 needs to occupy the entire width as much as possible without affecting the structural strength of the metal carding strip support 5, so L3 / L1>0.7 needs to be met. When the ratio is less than this, it will not only lead to insufficient carding, but even cause the area without sawteeth to produce difficult-to-clean dirt, thereby deteriorating the entire carding effect.

[0037] The present application can achieve different carding requirements by adjusting the height difference between the metal cover strip 2 and the elastic cover strip 1. In some occasions that require strong carding and light opening, the height h1 of the metal cover strip 2 can be appropriately increased; while in some occasions that require high opening and light carding, the height h2 of the elastic cover strip 1 can be reduced. When h1 and h2 differ too much, the adjustment of the process gauge will become extra difficult, so |h1-h2|≦0.30mm is required, and h1=h2 is preferred. When h1=h2 is preferred, the adjustment of the process gauge becomes particularly easy, because all means of existing gauge adjustment can be used.

[0038] By adjusting the width, height, and relative angle of the metal cover strip 2 and the elastic cover strip 1, the proportion of impurity removal and carding in the carding process can be controlled, the flat bar can better adapt to various differentiated requirements, various carding scenarios can be met, and the adaptability of the flat bar can be enhanced.

[0039] As shown in Figure 4 , 5 The present application can also achieve effective transfer of fibers between the flat bars of the cylinder by adjusting the angle of the working angle. Since the elastic cover strip 1 area uses a steel needle 7 structure, its fiber holding capacity is higher than that of the metal carding strip 4 area, which means it needs a relatively small angle α, while the metal cover strip 2 area needs a relatively large angle β. According to theory and practical experience, the difference between the two cannot be too large, otherwise effective matching cannot be achieved. Generally, α, β satisfy α<β and |α-β|≦25°. Embodiment

[0040] This embodiment is applied to the conventional medium-high carding machine for cotton harvesting. The characteristics of this raw material are that there are some impurities and the carding index requirement is high. Therefore, a longer metal flat bar 2 carding section is used to meet the higher carding requirement, and a shorter elastic flat bar 1 carding section is used to meet the impurity removal requirement. The height of the elastic flat bar 1 carding section is slightly lower than that of the metal flat bar 2 carding section, so as to ensure that the metal flat bar 2 carding section can use a tight gauge lower than 0.15 mm to improve the carding effect. The metal carding support width L1 of this type of carding is 2.6 times the width L2 of the elastic carding support, and the metal tooth width L3 is 2.1 times the width L2 of the elastic carding support. The angle of the metal carding tooth working angle β is 25°, and the angle of the flat bar steel needle working angle α is 17°. The height h1-h2=0.1 mm.

[0041] This embodiment can set a process gauge much lower than the traditional carding process by using the rigid metal carding tooth 4 structure in the flat bar tight gauge area, and can stably maintain this gauge, thereby bringing a long-lasting and stable, and excellent carding effect. Embodiment

[0042] This embodiment is applied to high-impurity recycled short fibers. The characteristics of this raw material are that the impurity content is high, but the fibers are short and fragile, and the flat bar carding needs to have strong impurity removal ability and large fiber bundle opening ability, as well as relatively weak carding ability to avoid fiber breakage caused by excessive carding. The elastic flat bar carding section and the metal carding section are flush, h1=h2. The metal carding support width L1 of this type of carding is 1 times the width L2 of the elastic carding support. The angle of the metal carding tooth working angle β is 18°, and the angle of the flat bar steel needle working angle α is 12°.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A combined flat for a flat card, characterized in that: It is composed of metal cover strip (2) and elastic cover strip (1), the metal cover strip (2) and elastic cover strip (1) are detachably mounted on the same cover plate framework (3) through mounting groove (8), and can be replaced independently without interference;The elastic cover strip (1) is close to the fiber inlet, and the metal cover strip (2) is arranged at the rear side of the elastic cover strip (1);The metal cover strip (2) is composed of metal needle bar rack (4) and metal needle bar rack support (5);The elastic cover strip (1) is composed of steel needle (7) implanted on base cloth (6) and base cloth (6), and is manufactured by using elastic cover plate needle implanting machine;The ratio of the metal needle bar support width L1 of the metal cover strip (2) to the elastic needle bar support width L2 of the elastic cover strip (1) is L1 / L2=0.9-3; The ratio of the metal needle bar support width L1 of the metal cover strip (2) to the metal rack width L3 of the metal needle bar rack (4) is L3 / L1>0.7; The metal needle bar height h1 of the metal cover strip (2) and the elastic needle bar height h2 of the elastic cover strip (1) are two height differences, and the height difference is |h1-h2|≦0.30mm.

2. A combined flat for a flat carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel needle (7) on the elastic cover strip (1) has cover plate steel needle working angle α, the metal needle bar rack (4) on the metal cover strip (2) has metal needle bar rack working angle β, α<β and |α-β|≦25°.

3. A modular flat for a flat carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal needle bar rack (4) is made of high carbon microalloy steel with carbon content ranging from 0.80 to 1.05%.

4. A modular flat for a flat card according to claim 3, characterized in that: The metal needle bar rack (4) is coated with wear-resistant coating formed by electroplated hard chromium, PVD, CVD or chemical nickel-phosphorus plating on the surface.

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