Yellow croaker and breeding method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a yellow-colored large yellow croaker and a breeding method thereof, comprising the following steps: (1) simultaneously constructing group breeding and family breeding, selecting wild large yellow croaker caught at sea as a female parent according to the blue-yellow value of the dorsal and abdominal regions; selecting large yellow croaker from a cultured group as a male parent according to the blue-yellow value of the dorsal and abdominal regions; selecting wild large yellow croaker caught at sea as female and male parents of a family according to the blue-yellow value of the dorsal and abdominal regions; (2) selecting F2 parents from group breeding and yellow-colored family breeding; (3) selecting F3 parents from yellow-colored large yellow croaker; (4) selecting F4 parents from yellow-colored large yellow croaker; and (5) selecting Fn-generation parents from yellow-colored large yellow croaker, where n is a positive integer ≥5. By adopting this method and breeding for more than five generations, a new variety with a stable golden body surface color can be formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of genetic breeding in aquaculture, and particularly relates to a large yellow croaker with yellow body color and a breeding method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Large yellow croaker ( Larimichthys crocea ) belongs to the order Perciformes ( Perciformes ), Sciaenidae ( Sciaenidae ), Yellow croaker ( Larimichthys Large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena spp.), primarily found in the South my country Sea, East China Sea, and southern Yellow Sea, is a warm-water, schooling, migratory fish that inhabits the mid- and lower layers of coastal waters. Its tender, delicious, and nutritious flesh makes it a popular choice among consumers. It is one of my country's eight major aquaculture exports and the largest marine cage-farmed fish. However, while the large yellow croaker aquaculture industry has rapidly developed, economic traits such as body color and coloration have weakened due to repeated breeding without selective breeding.

[0003] In recent years, with my country's increasing emphasis on seed production, numerous researchers have conducted research on the breeding of improved large yellow croaker species, focusing on economic traits such as rapid growth, stress resistance, disease resistance, and body size. However, research focusing on golden coloration as a breeding criterion for large yellow croaker has yet to be reported. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a large yellow croaker with yellow body color and a breeding method thereof. The method is a good breeding method based on the golden body color of the large yellow croaker. The body color of the bred offspring satisfies the requirements that the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back is greater than or equal to 30, the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen is greater than or equal to 50, and the offspring are stably inherited.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for breeding yellow large yellow croaker, comprising the following steps:

[0007] A breeding method for yellow-colored large yellow croaker comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Simultaneously construct group selection and family selection, and select F1 parents for group selection and family selection: select wild yellow croaker with mature glands according to the yellow-blue value of the back and abdomen as the F1 female parents for group selection; select farmed yellow croaker with mature glands according to the yellow-blue value of the back and abdomen as the F1 male parents for group selection;

[0009] According to the yellow-blue value of the back and abdomen, wild large yellow croaker with mature glands was selected as the F1 female and male parents of family selection.

[0010] (2) Select F2 parents from group selection and yellow body color family selection: select yellow body color large yellow croaker with mature gonads from group selection in F1 as female and male parents of group selection F2 according to the yellow-blue value of back and abdomen;

[0011] According to the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen, the yellow-colored large yellow croaker in the F1 progeny of the yellow-colored large yellow croaker family constructed in step (1) is selected as the female and male parents of the F2 family breeding;

[0012] (3) Selecting yellow-bodied large yellow croaker F3 parents: Selecting large yellow-bodied large yellow croaker with mature gonads from the F2 family selection according to the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen as the F3 female parents;

[0013] According to the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen, the large yellow croaker with mature gonads selected from the F2 population was selected as the F3 male parent;

[0014] (4) Selecting yellow-bodied large yellow croaker F4 parents: Select the yellow-bodied large yellow croaker with mature gonads bred in F3 as the F4 female and male parents based on the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen;

[0015] (5) Selecting yellow-bodied large yellow croaker Fn generation parents: Select yellow-bodied large yellow croaker with mature gonads bred in F(n-1) as the Fn generation female and male parents based on the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen, where n is a positive integer ≥5.

[0016] Preferably, the F1 female parent selected in the group in step (1) has a yellow-blue value on the back greater than 15 and a yellow-blue value on the abdomen greater than 30; the male parent has a yellow-blue value on the back greater than 10 and a yellow-blue value on the abdomen greater than 20; the F1 female and male parents selected in the family in step (1) have a yellow-blue value on the back greater than 15 and a yellow-blue value on the abdomen greater than 30.

[0017] Preferably, the F2 female and male parents selected in the population in step (2) have a yellow-blue value on the back greater than 15 and a yellow-blue value on the abdomen greater than 30. The F2 female and male parents selected in the yellow body family have a yellow-blue value on the back greater than 20 and a yellow-blue value on the abdomen greater than 40.

[0018] Preferably, in step (3), the yellow-blue value of the back of the F3 female and male parents is greater than 20 and the yellow-blue value of the abdomen is greater than 40.

[0019] Preferably, in step (4), the yellow-blue value of the back of the F4 female and male parents is greater than 20 and the yellow-blue value of the abdomen is greater than 40.

[0020] Preferably, in step (5), the yellow-blue value of the back of the female and male parents of the Fn generation is ≥30 and the yellow-blue value of the abdomen is ≥50.

[0021] Preferably, in the step (1) of group breeding, the ratio of F1 female to male parents is 1:2, and in the family breeding, the ratio of F2 female to male parents is 1:1.

[0022] Preferably, in the step (2), the ratio of F2 female to male parents in the population breeding is 1:2, and the ratio of F2 female to male parents in the family breeding is 1:1.

[0023] The method further includes the following steps: raising the selected F1-Fn progeny in a nursery pond until they reach a length of 5-7 cm, and then placing them in isolated marine plastic cages for culture. The culture water quality during the isolation culture period complies with the requirements of NY 5052-2001, "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-Free Food Marine Aquaculture." The culture feed consists primarily of artificial compound feed supplemented with chilled fish, with a weight ratio of 4:1 between the artificial compound feed and the chilled fish, and a feed conversion ratio of 2.0-3.0.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a large yellow croaker with yellow body color obtained by the breeding method described in the first aspect.

[0025] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The present invention provides a breeding method for large yellow croaker with yellow body color. Since group breeding and family breeding are constructed simultaneously, the body color genes of the offspring bred by the family breeding are purer, and the subsequent mating with the offspring bred by the group breeding can reduce inbreeding and improve the inheritance of genetic effects of offspring to offspring.

[0027] 2. The present invention proposes for the first time to use the golden body color of large yellow croaker as a breeding indicator. Combined with the selection of parents, a new variety with a stable golden body surface color can be formed after only 5 generations of breeding. The genes of the body color of the bred offspring are purer and more stable. The new variety meets the requirements of the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back being greater than or equal to 30 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen being greater than or equal to 50, and is stably inherited. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is the technical roadmap for breeding golden body color. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods and were performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials and reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, were all commercially available.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a breeding method for yellow-colored large yellow croaker, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) Simultaneously constructing group breeding and family breeding:

[0034] Selection of yellow-bodied large yellow croaker F1 female parents in group breeding:

[0035] In October 2015, wild yellow croaker with mature gonads caught in Quanzhou-Zhangzhou were selected as female parents. The females had a body color with a back yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 15 and a belly yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 30.

[0036] Selection of yellow-bodied large yellow croaker F1 male parents in group breeding:

[0037] In October 2015, gonadally mature large yellow croakers with body color satisfying the requirements of yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 10 on the back and greater than 20 on the abdomen were selected from the farm of Ningde Dingcheng Aquatic Products Co., Ltd. as male parents.

[0038] Selection of F1 female and male parents in yellow body color family breeding:

[0039] In October 2015, wild yellow croaker with mature gonads caught in Quanzhou-Zhangzhou were selected as female and male parents with a body color satisfying the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back greater than 15 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen greater than 30.

[0040] The above-mentioned group of more than 1000 fish, with a male-female ratio of 1:2, was used as the breeding group parent, and one female and one male was used as the family breeding parent. For 30 days, they were fed oysters twice a day (morning and evening) at a feeding amount of 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive breeding. After breeding, artificial induced spawning was carried out at the same time. The offspring of large yellow croaker, i.e., the F1 generation, was cultivated in a nursery pond until the body length was 5-7 cm. The offspring was placed in a marine plastic cage for isolated breeding. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY 5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish. The weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish was 4:1, and the feed coefficient was 2.0-3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was the Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0041] (2) Selection of F2 parents and mating methods for group breeding and yellow body color family breeding:

[0042] When the F1 generation bred by group selection grows to gonadal maturity, the yellow-colored large yellow croaker bred by group selection in the F1 with body color meeting the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back greater than 15 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen greater than 30 is selected as the female and male parents of the F2 bred by group selection.

[0043] When the F1 generation bred from the yellow body color family grows to gonadal maturity, yellow body color large yellow croaker with body color satisfying the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back greater than 20 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen greater than 40 is selected as the female and male parents of the yellow body color family F2.

[0044] The above group of more than 1000 fish, with a male-female ratio of 1:2, was used as the breeding group F2 parents, and one female and one male were used for family selection of F2 parents. The breeding was carried out for 30 days, and oysters were fed twice a day (morning and evening) at a feeding amount of 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive breeding. After breeding, artificial spawning was carried out at the same time. The offspring of large yellow croaker, i.e., the F2 generation, was cultivated in a nursery pond until the body length was 5-7 cm. The offspring was placed in an isolated marine plastic cage for breeding. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY 5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish. The weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish was 4:1, and the feed coefficient was 2.0-3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was the Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0045] (3) Selection of yellow-bodied large yellow croaker F3 parents and mating method:

[0046] When the F2 generation bred by family selection grows to gonadal maturity, large yellow croaker with yellow body color that meets the requirements of yellow-blue value (B value) on the back greater than 20 and yellow-blue value (B value) on the abdomen greater than 40 from the family selection in the F2 are selected as F3 female parents, and the number of female parents shall not be less than 333 (the number accounts for 1 / 3 of the male parents).

[0047] When the F2 bred from the group grows to gonadal maturity, large yellow croaker bred from the F2 group with body color satisfying the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back greater than 20 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen greater than 40 is selected as the F3 male parent, and the female parents are not less than 666 (the number accounts for 2 / 3 of the male parents).

[0048] The above-mentioned F3 female parent and F3 male parent were fed oysters for 30 days, fed twice a day (morning and evening), and the feeding amount accounted for 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive cultivation. After cultivation, artificial induced spawning was carried out, and the large yellow croaker was cultivated to a body length of 5-7 cm in a nursery pond, i.e., the F3 generation, and placed in an isolated marine plastic cage for cultivation. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-Free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish. The weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish was 4:1, and the feed coefficient was 2.0-3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was the Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0049] (4) Selection of yellow-bodied large yellow croaker F4 parents and mating method:

[0050] When the F3 generation grows to gonadal maturity, the yellow-colored large yellow croaker selected from the F3 with a body color that meets the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back greater than 20 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen greater than 40 is selected as the F4 female and male parents. The number of parents is more than 1,000, and the male-female ratio is 1:2.

[0051] The above-mentioned F4 female parent and F4 male parent were fed oysters for 30 days, fed twice a day (morning and evening), and the feeding amount accounted for 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive cultivation. After cultivation, artificial induced spawning was carried out, and the large yellow croaker was cultivated to a body length of 5-7 cm in a nursery pond, and the offspring, i.e., the F5 generation, was selected and cultured in isolated plastic cages at sea. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-Free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish, with a weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish of 4:1 and a feed coefficient of 2.0-3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was the Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0052] (5) Select the F5 generation parent of yellow-bodied large yellow croaker:

[0053] When the F4 generation grows to gonadal maturity, the yellow-colored large yellow croaker selected from the F4 with a body color that meets the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back greater than or equal to 30 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen greater than or equal to 50 is selected as the female and male parents of the F5 generation. The number of parents is more than 1,000, and the male-female ratio is 1:2.

[0054] The above-mentioned F5 female parent and F5 male parent were fed oysters for 30 days, fed twice a day (morning and evening), and the feeding amount accounted for 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive cultivation. After cultivation, artificial induced spawning was carried out, and the large yellow croaker was cultivated to a body length of 5-7 cm in a nursery pond, i.e., the F5 generation, and placed in a marine plastic cage for isolation and aquaculture. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-Free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish. The weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish was 4:1, and the feed coefficient was between 2.0 and 3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was the Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0055] After five generations of breeding, a stable golden body color was finally formed, and finally a new variety was formed. This new variety meets the requirement that the yellow-blue value (B value) on the back of each offspring is greater than or equal to 30, and the yellow-blue value (B value) on the abdomen is greater than or equal to 50, achieving stable inheritance.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] This comparative example provides a method for breeding large yellow croaker with yellow body color. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that only family breeding is constructed, which includes the following steps:

[0058] (1) Constructing family breeding:

[0059] Selection of F1 female and male parents in yellow body color family breeding:

[0060] In October 2015, wild yellow croaker with mature gonads caught in Quanzhou-Zhangzhou were selected as female and male parents with a body color satisfying the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back greater than 15 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen greater than 30.

[0061] The above-mentioned group of more than 1000 fish, one female and one male, was subjected to family selection parent breeding for 30 days, fed oysters, fed twice a day (morning and evening), and the feeding amount accounted for 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive breeding. After breeding, artificial spawning was carried out at the same time. The offspring of large yellow croaker, i.e., the F1 generation, was selected and bred in a nursery pond until the body length was 5-7 cm. The offspring was placed in isolated marine plastic cages for breeding. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY 5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish. The weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish was 4:1, and the feed coefficient was 2.0-3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0062] (2) Selection of F2 parents and mating methods for yellow body color families:

[0063] When the F1 generation bred from the yellow body color family grows to gonadal maturity, yellow body color large yellow croaker with body color satisfying the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back greater than 20 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen greater than 40 is selected as the female and male parents of the yellow body color family F2.

[0064] The above-mentioned group of more than 1000 fish, one female and one male, was subjected to family selection of F2 parents for 30 days, and fed oysters twice a day (morning and evening) at a feeding amount of 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive breeding. After breeding, artificial spawning was carried out at the same time. The offspring of large yellow croaker, i.e., the F2 generation, was cultivated in a nursery pond until the body length was 5-7 cm. The offspring was placed in isolated marine plastic cages for breeding. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY 5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish. The weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish was 4:1, and the feed coefficient was 2.0-3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0065] (3) Selection of F3 parents and mating methods for yellow body color families:

[0066] When the F2 generation of family selection reaches gonadal maturity, select yellow-colored large yellow croaker from the F2 generation with a back yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 20 and an abdomen yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 40 as the female and male parents of the yellow-colored family F3. The number of female parents should be no less than 333 (the number should be 1 / 3 of the male parents).

[0067] The above-mentioned F3 female parent and F3 male parent were fed oysters for 30 days, fed twice a day (morning and evening), and the feeding amount accounted for 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive cultivation. After cultivation, artificial induced spawning was carried out, and the large yellow croaker was cultivated to a body length of 5-7 cm in a nursery pond, i.e., the F3 generation, and placed in an isolated marine plastic cage for cultivation. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-Free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish. The weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish was 4:1, and the feed coefficient was 2.0-3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was the Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0068] (4) Selection of F4 parents and mating methods for yellow body color families:

[0069] When the F3 generation of family-bred fish reaches gonadal maturity, select yellow-colored large yellow croaker from the F3 generation with a back yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 20 and an abdomen yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 40 as the female and male parents of the yellow-colored family F4 generation. The number of parents should be at least 1,000, with a male-female ratio of 1:2.

[0070] The above-mentioned F4 female parents and F4 male parents were fed oysters for 30 days, fed twice a day (morning and evening), and the feeding amount accounted for 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive cultivation. After cultivation, artificial induced spawning was carried out, and the large yellow croaker was cultivated to a body length of 5-7 cm in a nursery pond. The offspring, i.e., the F4 generation, was selected and cultured in isolated plastic cages at sea. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-Free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish. The weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish was 4:1, and the feed coefficient was 2.0-3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was the Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0071] (5) Selection of F5 parents and mating methods for yellow body color families:

[0072] When the F4 generation of family selection reaches gonadal maturity, yellow-colored large yellow croaker from the F4 generation with a back yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 20 and an abdomen yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 40 are selected as the female and male parents of the yellow-colored family F5 generation. The number of parents should be at least 1,000, with a male-female ratio of 1:2.

[0073] The above-mentioned F5 female parent and F5 male parent were fed oysters for 30 days, fed twice a day (morning and evening), and the feeding amount accounted for 7%-10% of the fish body weight for intensive cultivation. After cultivation, artificial induced spawning was carried out, and the large yellow croaker was cultivated to a body length of 5-7 cm in a nursery pond, i.e., the F5 generation, and placed in an isolated marine plastic cage for cultivation. The aquaculture water quality conditions met the requirements of NY5052-2001 "Water Quality Standard for Pollution-Free Food Seawater Aquaculture". The aquaculture bait was mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by chilled fish. The weight ratio of artificial compound feed to chilled fish was 4:1, and the feed coefficient was 2.0-3.0. The artificial compound feed used in this embodiment was the Jianma brand large yellow croaker compound feed produced by Fujian Tianma Technology Group Co., Ltd.

[0074] After five generations of breeding, due to severe inbreeding, the final body color yellow-blue value (B value) of the back is less than 20, and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen is less than 40, which is consistent with ordinary breeding groups and is genetically unstable.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] This comparative example provides a method for breeding large yellow croaker with yellow body color. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is only that the selection of large yellow croaker F1 female parents in group breeding is different. In this comparative example:

[0077] Selection of yellow-bodied large yellow croaker F1 female parents in group breeding:

[0078] In October 2015, large yellow croakers with a body color satisfying a back yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 10 and an abdomen yellow-blue value (B value) greater than 20 were selected from the farm of Ningde Dingcheng Aquatic Products Co., Ltd. as F1 female parents. The rest of the process was the same as in Example 1.

[0079] After five generations of breeding, the final body color yellow-blue value (B value) of the back is less than 20, and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen is less than 40, which is consistent with the ordinary breeding population and is genetically unstable.

[0080] Comparative Example 3

[0081] This comparative example provides a method for breeding large yellow croaker with yellow body color. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is only that the selection of yellow-blue value in step (1) and step (2) is different.

[0082] Selection of F1 female parents of yellow-bodied large yellow croaker in group breeding in step (1) of this comparative example:

[0083] Sea-caught wild yellow croaker with a body color satisfying the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back between 7-10 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen between 22-25 was selected as the female parent.

[0084] Selection of F1 female and male parents in yellow body color family breeding:

[0085] Wild yellow croakers caught from the sea were selected as female and male parents, whose body color satisfied the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back between 7-10 and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen between 22-25.

[0086] Selection of F2 parents for population breeding in step (2) of this comparative example:

[0087] When the F1 generation bred in the group reaches body weight and gonadal maturity, yellow-colored large yellow croaker with a back yellow-blue value (B value) between 7 and 10 and an abdomen yellow-blue value (B value) between 22 and 25 from the F1 group bred in the group is selected as the female and male parents of the F2 group bred in the group. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0088] After five generations of breeding, the yellow-blue value (B value) of the back body color is less than 22, and the yellow-blue value (B value) of the abdomen is less than 43, which is consistent with the ordinary breeding population and is genetically unstable.

[0089] in conclusion:

[0090] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 1-3, it can be seen that the yellow-blue value of the back and the yellow-blue value of the abdomen in Example 1 are greatly improved compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, and are stably inherited.

[0091] In Comparative Example 1, since only family selection was carried out, although the genes for the body color of the offspring were purer, due to severe inbreeding, even after 5 generations of selection, the final body color yellow-blue value (B value) on the back was less than 20, and the yellow-blue value (B value) on the abdomen was less than 40, which was consistent with the ordinary breeding group and was genetically unstable.

[0092] In Comparative Example 2, farmed large yellow croaker was selected as the F1 female and male parents in the breeding population. The parents of the farmed large yellow croaker were light-colored, and the farmed population had been farmed for over 30 years, which resulted in inbreeding. This reduced the offspring's inherited genetic base from the parents. Consequently, after five generations of breeding, the final body color had a yellow-blue value (B value) of less than 20 on the back and less than 40 on the abdomen, consistent with that of ordinary farmed populations, and exhibited genetic instability.

[0093] The breeding effect of comparative example 3 is better than that of comparative examples 1 and 2, but there is still a large gap compared with example 1. This may be because the selection of the yellow-blue value of the F1 female parent of yellow-colored large yellow croaker in the group breeding in step (1) of example 1 of the present application, the yellow-blue value of the F1 female and male parents of the family in the family breeding, and the yellow-blue value of the F2 female and male parents in the group breeding in step (2) are conducive to the selection of the offspring body color gene being purer and more stable.

[0094] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for breeding yellow croaker, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Simultaneously construct group selection and family selection, and select F1 parents for group selection and family selection: select wild yellow croaker with mature glands according to the yellow-blue value of the back and abdomen as the F1 female parents for group selection; select farmed yellow croaker with mature glands according to the yellow-blue value of the back and abdomen as the F1 male parents for group selection; According to the yellow-blue value of the back and abdomen, wild large yellow croaker with mature glands was selected as the F1 female and male parents of family selection. (2) Select F2 parents from group selection and yellow body color family selection: select yellow body color large yellow croaker with mature gonads from group selection in F1 as female and male parents of group selection F2 according to the yellow-blue value of back and abdomen; According to the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen, the yellow-colored large yellow croaker in the F1 progeny of the yellow-colored large yellow croaker family constructed in step (1) is selected as the female and male parents of the F2 family breeding; (3) Selecting yellow-bodied large yellow croaker F3 parents: Selecting large yellow-bodied large yellow croaker with mature gonads from the F2 family selection according to the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen as the F3 female parents; According to the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen, the large yellow croaker with mature gonads selected from the F2 population was selected as the F3 male parent; (4) Selecting yellow-bodied large yellow croaker F4 parents: Selecting large yellow-bodied large yellow croaker with mature gonads from the F3 as the F4 female and male parents based on the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen; (5) Selecting yellow-bodied large yellow croaker Fn generation parents: Select yellow-bodied large yellow croaker with mature gonads bred in F(n-1) as the Fn generation female and male parents based on the yellow-blue values of the back and abdomen, where n is a positive integer ≥5.

2. The method for breeding yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein: The F1 female parent selected in the group in step (1) has a yellow-blue value on the back greater than 15 and a yellow-blue value on the abdomen greater than 30; the male parent has a yellow-blue value on the back greater than 10 and a yellow-blue value on the abdomen greater than 20; The F1 female and male parents bred in the family in step (1) have a yellow-blue value on the back greater than 15 and a yellow-blue value on the abdomen greater than 30.

3. The method for breeding yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein: The F2 female and male parents selected in the group in step (2) have a yellow-blue value on the back greater than 15 and a yellow-blue value on the abdomen greater than 30; The F2 female and male parents bred from the yellow body color family have a yellow-blue value greater than 20 on the back and a yellow-blue value greater than 40 on the abdomen.

4. The method for breeding large yellow croaker with yellow body color according to claim 1, wherein: In step (3), the yellow-blue value of the back of the F3 female and male parents is greater than 20 and the yellow-blue value of the abdomen is greater than 40.

5. The method for breeding large yellow croaker with yellow body color according to claim 1, wherein: In step (4), the yellow-blue value of the back of the F4 female and male parents is greater than 20 and the yellow-blue value of the abdomen is greater than 40.

6. The method for breeding yellow-colored large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein: In step (5), the yellow-blue value of the back of the female and male parents of the Fn generation is ≥30 and the yellow-blue value of the abdomen is ≥50.

7. The method for breeding large yellow croaker with yellow body color according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: In the step (1), the ratio of F1 female to male parents in group breeding is 1:2, and the ratio of F2 female to male parents in family breeding is 1:

1.

8. The method for breeding yellow large yellow croaker according to claim 7, wherein: In the step (2), the ratio of the F2 female and male parents in the group breeding is 1:2, and the ratio of the F2 female and male parents in the family breeding is 1:

1.

9. The method for breeding yellow large yellow croaker according to claim 8, wherein: The following steps are also included: The selected F1-Fn offspring are cultured in a nursery pond until their body length reaches 5-7 cm, and then placed in an offshore plastic cage for isolated culture. During the isolated culture, the culture feed is mainly artificial compound feed, supplemented by fresh ice fish, with a feed coefficient of 2.0-3.0, and the weight ratio of the artificial compound feed to fresh ice fish is 4:1.

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