A quantum watermarking method, apparatus, device, and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a quantum watermarking method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of quantum secure communication. The application receives a carrier image; generates a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embeds the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image; reads and analyzes the carrier quantum image based on a quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain carrier quantum image information; and extracts an image according to the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image. The application can uniformly embed the quantum watermark image into the carrier image, and can re-extract the carrier image through a corresponding algorithm, realizes information protection of the carrier image by the quantum watermark technology, and improves the robustness of the quantum watermark technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum secure communication technology, and in particular to a quantum watermarking method, device, equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the development of information technology, it has become increasingly easy to intercept, access, copy, and tamper with images. Therefore, protecting image data from unauthorized access has become a hot research topic. Currently, there are two main approaches to image authentication: image cryptography, which converts an image from one recognizable form to another, and image steganography, which hides information by embedding the image into a carrier medium. Quantum watermarking, as an important image steganography technique, has made significant progress.

[0003] Although quantum watermarking technology has great potential in protecting intellectual property and information security, it may lack robustness when faced with complex digital content modifications or conversions. Therefore, a quantum watermarking method that can improve robustness is urgently needed.

[0004] The above content is only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the present invention and does not constitute an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantum watermarking method, apparatus, device and storage medium, aiming to solve the technical problem of insufficient robustness in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a quantum watermarking method, which includes the following steps:

[0007] receiving a carrier image;

[0008] Generate a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embed the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image;

[0009] Reading and analyzing the carrier quantum image based on a quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain carrier quantum image information;

[0010] Image extraction is performed according to the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image.

[0011] Optionally, generating a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image, specifically includes the following steps:

[0012] Generate an original quantum watermark image by using the quantum watermark embedding algorithm;

[0013] Before embedding, the original quantum watermark image is processed based on the quantum watermark algorithm to obtain the quantum watermark image;

[0014] The quantum watermark image is embedded in the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image.

[0015] Optionally, before embedding, the original quantum watermark image is processed based on a quantum watermark algorithm to obtain the quantum watermark image, and the specific steps include:

[0016] Decomposing the original quantum watermark image in a bit plane to obtain a plurality of quantum watermark sub-images;

[0017] Dividing multiple quantum watermark sub-images into a feature sub-image group and a detail sub-image group;

[0018] The quantum watermark sub-images in the feature sub-image group are QEC-encoded, and the QEC-encoded quantum watermark sub-images and the quantum watermark sub-images in the detail sub-image group are reconstructed using a GTA method to obtain the quantum watermark image.

[0019] Optionally, embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image comprises the following specific steps:

[0020] Read the QMF value of the carrier image;

[0021] According to the QMF value of the carrier image and the quantum watermark embedding rule, the quantum watermark image is embedded into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image.

[0022] Optionally, embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image further comprises:

[0023] Based on the quantum watermark embedding algorithm, a quantum image key is generated during the process of embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image.

[0024] Optionally, the carrier quantum image is read and analyzed based on a quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain carrier quantum image information, and the specific steps include:

[0025] Reading the quantum image key information in the carrier quantum image based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm;

[0026] Determining the quantum image key through the quantum image key information;

[0027] The carrier quantum image information is obtained based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm and according to the quantum image key and the carrier quantum image.

[0028] Optionally, image extraction is performed according to the carrier quantum image information, and the carrier image is obtained, and the specific steps include:

[0029] The carrier quantum image information is subjected to corresponding GTA inverse transformation, and the detail group bit plane information and the feature group bit plane information are obtained.

[0030] The detail group bit plane information and the feature group bit plane information are subjected to information recombination, and corresponding carrier image information is obtained.

[0031] Quantum measurement is performed according to the carrier image information, and the carrier image is obtained.

[0032] In addition, to achieve the above object, the application further provides a quantum watermark device, which comprises:

[0033] An image receiving module is configured to receive a carrier image.

[0034] A watermark embedding module is configured to generate a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embed the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image.

[0035] An information analyzing module is configured to read and analyze the carrier quantum image based on a quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain carrier quantum image information.

[0036] An image extraction module is configured to perform image extraction according to the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image.

[0037] In addition, to achieve the above object, the application further provides a quantum watermark device, which comprises a memory, a processor, and a quantum watermark program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the quantum watermark program is configured to implement the steps of the quantum watermark method as described above.

[0038] In addition, to achieve the above object, the application further provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the storage medium stores a quantum watermark program, and the quantum watermark program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the quantum watermark method as described above.

[0039] The present invention receives a carrier image; generates a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embeds the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image; reads and analyzes the carrier quantum image based on a quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain carrier quantum image information; and performs image extraction based on the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image. The present invention enables the quantum watermark image to be evenly embedded in the carrier image, and the carrier image can then be re-extracted using a corresponding algorithm, thereby achieving information protection of the carrier image using quantum watermarking technology and improving the robustness of quantum watermarking technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a quantum watermark device in the hardware operating environment involved in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the quantum watermarking method of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the second embodiment of the quantum watermarking method of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the third embodiment of the quantum watermarking method of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of quantum watermark embedding in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 A table of quantum watermark embedding implementation rules in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic flow chart of a fourth embodiment of the quantum watermarking method of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the quantum watermarking device of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 This is the flow chart of quantum watermark extraction in the present invention.

[0049] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quantum watermark device in the hardware operating environment involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the quantum watermarking device may include: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is used to implement communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen and an input unit such as a keyboard. Optionally, the user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface (such as a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) interface). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed random access memory (RAM) or a stable non-volatile memory (NVM), such as a disk storage device. The memory 1005 may also be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation to the quantum watermarking device, and may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the memory 1005 as a storage medium may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a quantum watermark program.

[0055] exist Figure 1 In the quantum watermarking device shown, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for data communication with the network server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for data interaction with the user; the processor 1001 and the memory 1005 in the quantum watermarking device of the present invention can be set in the quantum watermarking device. The quantum watermarking device calls the quantum watermarking program stored in the memory 1005 through the processor 1001 and executes the quantum watermarking method provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] The embodiment of the present invention provides a quantum watermarking method, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 FIG1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a quantum watermarking method according to the present invention.

[0057] In this embodiment, the quantum watermarking method includes the following steps:

[0058] Step S10: receiving a carrier image;

[0059] It can be understood that the carrier image is a carrier medium for information to be protected that is suitable for quantum watermarking technology. In a specific implementation, the existing information can be hidden by embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier medium.

[0060] Step S20: generating a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embedding the quantum watermark image into a carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image;

[0061] It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, the embedding process of the quantum watermark image specifically includes two parts: the first part is the generation of the quantum watermark image, and the second part is the embedding of the information of the quantum watermark image into the carrier image.

[0062] Step S30: reading and analyzing the carrier quantum image based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain the carrier quantum image information;

[0063] It can be understood that, in a specific implementation, the process of extracting the quantum watermark image also includes two parts. The first part is the extraction of the quantum watermark information, and the second part is the restoration of the carrier image.

[0064] Step S40: performing image extraction based on the carrier quantum image information to obtain a carrier image.

[0065] It should be noted that in this embodiment, all image transformation operations, including the generation, embedding, and extraction of quantum watermark images, are completed in the quantum state based on the NEQR (a quantum image representation method, Novel Enhanced Quantum Image Representation) image representation, and E in this embodiment is represented by: a quantum binary image with an initialization value of 0, which is used to store various types of watermark information.

[0066] This embodiment receives a carrier image; generates a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embeds the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image; reads and analyzes the carrier quantum image based on a quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain carrier quantum image information; and performs image extraction based on the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image. This embodiment enables the quantum watermark image to be evenly embedded in the carrier image, and the carrier image can then be re-extracted using a corresponding algorithm, thereby achieving information protection of the carrier image using quantum watermarking technology and improving the robustness of quantum watermarking technology.

[0067] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a quantum watermarking method according to the present invention.

[0068] Based on the above first embodiment, in this embodiment, step S20 specifically includes:

[0069] Step S21: Generate an original quantum watermark image through a quantum watermark embedding algorithm;

[0070] It should be noted that, in specific implementation, different original quantum watermark images can be generated according to actual needs. These original quantum watermark images require further image processing before they can be embedded in the carrier image, thereby playing a role in data information protection.

[0071] Step S22: performing image processing on the original quantum watermark image based on the quantum watermark algorithm before embedding to obtain the quantum watermark image;

[0072] It can be understood that, in a specific implementation, the image processing process of the original quantum watermark image is specifically implemented through the quantum circuits involved in the quantum watermark embedding algorithm, including the bit plane decomposition quantum circuit and the module quantum circuits used to implement the GTA method.

[0073] Step S23: embed the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain the carrier quantum image.

[0074] It should also be noted that, in a specific implementation, the obtained quantum watermark image is larger in volume than the original quantum watermark image, and therefore can be evenly embedded in the carrier image, thereby ultimately obtaining the carrier quantum image.

[0075] This embodiment generates a corresponding quantum watermark image through a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and further embeds the quantum watermark image into the carrier image, completing the embedding process of the quantum watermark image and obtaining the carrier quantum image.

[0076] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a third embodiment of a quantum watermarking method according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is the quantum watermark embedding flow chart of the present invention.

[0077] Based on the above second embodiment, in this embodiment, step S22 specifically includes:

[0078] Step S221: Decompose the original quantum watermark image into bit planes to obtain multiple quantum watermark sub-images;

[0079] It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, the original quantum watermark image will be bit-plane decomposed through a bit-plane decomposition quantum circuit. The specific process is, for example, to decompose the quantum watermark image W into 8 bit planes w1, w2, ..., w8.

[0080] Step S222: dividing the multiple quantum watermark sub-images into a feature sub-image group and a detail sub-image group;

[0081] It can be understood that the multiple quantum watermark sub-images decomposed by the above method need to be divided into two groups, for example: a feature sub-image group and a detail sub-image group, wherein the feature sub-image group includes four MSB (Most Significant Bit) planes w5, w6, w7 and w8; the detail sub-image group includes four LSB (Least Significant Bit) planes w1, w2, w3 and w4.

[0082] Step S223: Perform QEC (Quantum Error Correction) encoding on the quantum watermark sub-image in the feature sub-image group, and use the GTA (Geometric Transformation of Image Assembly) method to reconstruct the QEC-encoded quantum watermark sub-image and the quantum watermark sub-image in the detail sub-image group to obtain a quantum watermark image.

[0083] It should be noted that the function of QEC coding is to expand the volume of the quantum watermark sub-image. For example, QEC coding can expand the volume of the quantum watermark sub-image in the feature sub-image group to three times that of the original quantum watermark image.

[0084] It should also be noted that in its specific implementation, the GTA method includes the image stitching QIS (Quantum Image Suturing) method and two optional image transformation methods: global transformation QIR (Quantum Image Rotation) and regional transformation QBR (Quantum Block Rotation). For example, when the feature sub-image group includes four quantum watermark sub-images, the image stitching QIS is used to merge the four quantum watermark sub-images of equal size into a new image four times larger; the global transformation QIR is used to achieve overall rotation of the image; and the regional transformation QBR is used to divide the image into four equal blocks, each of which is rotated at a different angle, thereby achieving a local geometric transformation different from QIR.

[0085] It is understandable that, since the GTA method includes two optional image transformation methods, there may be two corresponding quantum watermarking schemes, denoted as GTA_QIR and GTA_QBR, the former being simpler in quantum operations, while the latter being more complex in quantum operations.

[0086] This embodiment uses QEC coding and the GTA method to reconstruct the quantum watermark sub-image, completes the generation process of the quantum watermark image, and obtains the quantum watermark image.

[0087] Furthermore, the quantum watermark image is embedded in the carrier image to obtain the carrier quantum image. The specific steps include: reading the QMF value of the carrier image; and embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image according to the QMF value of the carrier image and the quantum watermark embedding rule to obtain the carrier quantum image.

[0088] It should be noted that the reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 The specific process of embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier quantum image is as follows: according to the QMF (Quantum Majority Finder) value of the carrier image pixel, combined with the proposed embedding rule, the watermark information is evenly replaced with the last 3 LSBs of the carrier image, thereby realizing the embedding of the quantum watermark information. The specific use process of the embedding rule, for example: using the proposed QMF to obtain the V value of each pixel of the carrier image 5 QMF , QMF is used to find the majority quantum bits of a quantum sequence consisting of 2n+1 (n is a positive integer) quantum ground states. 5 QMF are indicators that indicate the embedding and extraction rules.

[0089] Furthermore, the quantum watermark image is embedded in the carrier image to obtain the carrier quantum image. The specific steps also include: based on the quantum watermark embedding algorithm, in the process of embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image, generating a quantum image key.

[0090] It can be understood that the specific function of the image key is to be applied during watermark extraction to assist in extracting the watermark information.

[0091] Furthermore, the carrier quantum image is read and analyzed based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain the carrier quantum image information. The specific steps include: reading the quantum image key information in the carrier quantum image based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm; determining the quantum image key through the quantum image key information; and obtaining the carrier quantum image information based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm and the quantum image key and the carrier quantum image.

[0092] It should be noted that, in the specific implementation, the quantum watermark extraction process specifically includes: inputting the image key and the carrier quantum image embedded with the watermark into the quantum watermark extraction circuit together, thereby obtaining multiple GTA-processed quantum watermark sub-images, and then performing corresponding GTA inverse transformation on the quantum watermark sub-images to obtain multiple bit planes. Some of the bit planes in these bit planes need to be QEC decoded first to obtain the feature group bit plane, and then perform corresponding GTA inverse transformation together with another part of the bit planes to obtain the detail group bit plane, so that the watermark image information to be extracted is finally obtained through bit plane reorganization. For example: the image key K and the carrier image W embedded with the watermark are input into the quantum watermark extraction circuit together, and four GTA-processed watermarks WA, WB, WC and WD are obtained. The extracted WA, WB, WC and WD are then subjected to corresponding GTA inverse transformation to obtain 16 bit planes, of which the 12 bit planes generated by WA, WB and WC are respectively subjected to QEC decoding to obtain four feature group bit planes of the watermark image. Finally, these four feature group bit planes and WD are subjected to corresponding GTA inverse transformation to obtain four detail group bit planes, and finally the watermark image information to be extracted is obtained by bit plane reorganization.

[0093] refer to Figure 7 and Figure 9 , Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a fourth embodiment of a quantum watermarking method according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is the flow chart of quantum watermark extraction in the present invention.

[0094] Based on the above first embodiment, in this embodiment, step S40 specifically includes:

[0095] Step S41: performing a corresponding GTA inverse transformation on the carrier quantum image information to obtain detail group bit plane information and feature group bit plane information;

[0096] It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, the GTA inverse transformation is a reverse execution process relative to the GTA method.

[0097] Step S42: recombining the detail group bit plane information and the feature group bit plane information to obtain corresponding carrier image information;

[0098] It can be understood that the carrier image information is specifically characteristic information of the carrier image, which can be used to perform subsequent quantum measurement operations to obtain the carrier image.

[0099] Step S43: Perform quantum measurement based on the carrier image information to obtain the carrier image.

[0100] It should be noted that in the embodiment, the carrier image information is changed into a visual carrier image by a quantum measurement operation, that is, the specific role of the quantum measurement is to restore the output result of the quantum circuit, that is, the carrier image information, to the visual carrier image.

[0101] The embodiment processes the carrier quantum image information by the GTA inverse transformation method, obtains the corresponding carrier image information, and then obtains the carrier image by the quantum measurement method, thereby completing the recovery process of the carrier image.

[0102] In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, the storage medium stores a quantum watermark program, and the quantum watermark program is executed by a processor to realize the steps of the quantum watermark method as described above.

[0103] In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a quantum watermark device, which comprises a quantum watermark device applied to the quantum watermark method as described above.

[0104] Since the storage medium adopts all the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a structural block diagram of the first embodiment of the quantum watermark device of the present application.

[0106] As Figure 8 shown, the quantum watermark device provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises:

[0107] The image receiving module 10 receives the carrier image.

[0108] The watermark embedding module 20 generates a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embeds the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image.

[0109] The information analysis module 30 reads and analyzes the carrier quantum image based on a quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain carrier quantum image information.

[0110] The image extraction module 40 extracts the image according to the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image.

[0111] The embodiment receives a carrier image; generates a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embeds the quantum watermark image in the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image; reads and analyzes the carrier quantum image based on a quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain carrier quantum image information; extracts the image according to the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image. The embodiment can uniformly embed the quantum watermark image in the carrier image, and can re-extract the carrier image through a corresponding algorithm, thereby realizing information protection of the carrier image by the quantum watermark technology and improving the robustness of the quantum watermark technology.

[0112] It should be understood that the above is only illustrative, and does not constitute any limitation on the technical solutions of the present application. In specific applications, those skilled in the art can set up according to the needs, and the present application does not limit this.

[0113] It should be noted that the above-described workflow is only illustrative and does not limit the scope of protection of the present application. In actual applications, those skilled in the art can select part or all of them to achieve the purpose of the embodiment according to the actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0114] In addition, technical details not described in detail in the embodiment can be referred to the quantum watermark method provided by any embodiment of the present application, which will not be described here.

[0115] In addition, it should be noted that in this document, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or system including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "includes a" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, method, article or system including the element.

[0116] The above embodiment number of the present application is only for description, not representing the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0117] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, or of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better embodiment. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as a read-only memory (ROM) / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0118] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quantum watermarking method, characterized in that: include: receiving a carrier image; Generate a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embed the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image; Reading and analyzing the carrier quantum image based on a quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain carrier quantum image information; Perform image extraction based on the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image; Generating a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image, specifically comprising the following steps: Generate an original quantum watermark image by using the quantum watermark embedding algorithm; Before embedding, the original quantum watermark image is processed based on the quantum watermark algorithm to obtain the quantum watermark image; Embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image; Based on the quantum watermark algorithm, the original quantum watermark image is processed before embedding to obtain the quantum watermark image. The specific steps include: Decomposing the original quantum watermark image in a bit plane to obtain a plurality of quantum watermark sub-images; Dividing multiple quantum watermark sub-images into a feature sub-image group and a detail sub-image group; The quantum watermark sub-images in the feature sub-image group are quantum error corrected (QEC) and reconstructed using a geometric transformation method for image assembly, i.e., a GTA method, on the QEC-encoded quantum watermark sub-images and the quantum watermark sub-images in the detail sub-image group to obtain the quantum watermark image. The GTA method includes a quantum image stitching (QIS) method for image splicing, a quantum image rotation (QIR) method for global transformation, and a quantum block rotation (QBR) method for regional transformation.

2. The quantum watermarking method according to claim 1, characterized in that Embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image, specifically comprising the following steps: Read the QMF value of the carrier image, i.e. the quantum majority finder value; According to the QMF value of the carrier image and the quantum watermark embedding rule, the quantum watermark image is embedded into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image; The QMF is used to find the majority quantum bits of a quantum sequence consisting of 2n+1 quantum basis states, where n is a positive integer.

3. The quantum watermarking method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image, the specific steps also include: Based on the quantum watermark embedding algorithm, a quantum image key is generated during the process of embedding the quantum watermark image into the carrier image.

4. The quantum watermarking method according to claim 1, characterized in that The carrier quantum image is read and analyzed based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain the carrier quantum image information. The specific steps include: Reading the quantum image key information in the carrier quantum image based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm; Determining the quantum image key through the quantum image key information; The carrier quantum image information is obtained based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm and according to the quantum image key and the carrier quantum image.

5. The quantum watermarking method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Performing image extraction based on the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image, the specific steps include: Performing a corresponding GTA inverse transformation on the carrier quantum image information to obtain detail group bit plane information and feature group bit plane information; Recombining the information according to the detail group bit plane information and the feature group bit plane information to obtain corresponding carrier image information; The carrier image is obtained by performing quantum measurement based on the carrier image information.

6. A quantum watermarking device using the quantum watermarking method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The quantum watermarking device comprises: Image receiving module: receives carrier image; Watermark embedding module: generates a quantum watermark image based on a quantum watermark embedding algorithm, and embeds the quantum watermark image into the carrier image to obtain a carrier quantum image; Information analysis module: reads and analyzes the carrier quantum image based on the quantum watermark extraction algorithm to obtain the carrier quantum image information; Image extraction module: performs image extraction based on the carrier quantum image information to obtain the carrier image.

7. A quantum watermarking device, characterized in that: The quantum watermarking device includes: a memory, a processor, and a quantum watermarking program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the quantum watermarking program is configured to implement the quantum watermarking method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the quantum watermark method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 can be implemented.

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