A comprehensive treatment process method for full resource utilization of tailings

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tailings full-amount resourceization comprehensive processing process method, the present application will be transported to the tailings waiting for processing to grinding process equipment;Grinding process is carried out in grinding process equipment, in grinding process, first decomposition liquid (such as NaOH in the present embodiment is sodium hydroxide) needs to be added;Gas drying is carried out to grinding process output material.It can realize high-value utilization and large-scale consumption classification to tailings under low energy consumption, low production cost by once complete process to tailings full-amount resourceization comprehensive processing process, and no secondary pollution is generated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a tailings full-amount resource comprehensive treatment process method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tailings are components with low content of useful components produced in mineral processing operations and currently cannot be economically used for industrial production, and are also the main component of industrial solid waste. Non-metallic resources are abundant in tailings, and tailings contain a large amount of quartz, feldspar, hornblende, pyroxene, calcite, dolomite, and silicate and silicate minerals produced by erosion. The main chemical components are silicon, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, etc., among which the content of silicon and aluminum is relatively high.

[0003] At present, tailings treatment is widely used for building roadbeds, manufacturing building materials, and backfilling goaf, which greatly wastes resources and pollutes the environment.

[0004] Tailings storage will occupy a large amount of agricultural and forest land, and destroy the allocation of land resources in the area.

[0005] In addition, some remote mine concentrators or small concentrators in towns will directly discharge tailings into the natural environment, causing great damage to the environment.

[0006] At present, there are four methods for the comprehensive utilization of tailings:

[0007] 1. Secondary selection of tailings

[0008] Use of tailings as building material raw materials

[0009] Application of tailings in agricultural production The application of tailings in agriculture mainly has three types, which are preparation of chemical fertilizer, use as soil conditioner and tailings reclamation. Tailings usually contain trace elements necessary for plant growth, such as Zn, Mn, Cu, Mo, V, B, Fe and P, etc. After a series of treatments, tailings can be made into chemical fertilizer, which can improve soil structure, increase soil fertility, make crops grow well and achieve agricultural yield increase.

[0010] Tailings backfilling

[0011] Due to the complexity of the process, low efficiency, and some processes not suitable for remote areas, the comprehensive utilization of tailings has been greatly limited.

[0012] In addition, some other treatment technologies are only in the laboratory research stage, and there is still a distance from actual application. For example, high-value utilization and large-scale consumption technology only stays in the research stage, and it still needs a certain period of time to promote to production application. SUMMARY

[0013] The present application aims to provide a tailings full-amount resource comprehensive treatment process method with low energy consumption, low production cost, high-value utilization of tailings, large-scale consumption classification, and no secondary pollution.

[0014] The present application is achieved as follows: a tailings full-amount resource comprehensive treatment process method, characterized by comprising at least the following steps:

[0015] Transporting the tailings to be treated to the ore grinding process equipment;

[0016] Carrying out ore grinding treatment in the ore grinding process equipment, and the ore grinding treatment is carried out after adding a first decomposition liquid;

[0017] Carrying out a gas drying process on the output material of the ore grinding treatment;

[0018] After the gas drying process, entering a roasting process;

[0019] Outputting tailings clinker after the roasting process;

[0020] Entering a water immersion process;

[0021] After the water immersion process, forming two output routes, one route being a water immersion liquid, and the other route being a water immersion residue;

[0022] The water immersion liquid branch is directly sent to water glass preparation;

[0023] The water immersion residue enters a washing process, and new water needs to be added in the washing process to wash the water immersion residue;

[0024] After the washing process, outputting in two routes, one route being washing water returned to step 6), and the other route entering step 11) acid immersion separation;

[0025] The acid immersion separation needs to add a second decomposition liquid, and after the reaction of adding the second decomposition liquid in the acid immersion separation, an acid immersion liquid and an acid immersion residue are generated;

[0026] The acid immersion liquid enters an aging separation, and after the aging separation process, is output in two routes, one route being silica gel, and the other route being aging liquid;

[0027] The silica gel reenters silica gel separation and washing, new water needs to be added in the silica gel separation and washing process, and after the silica gel separation and washing, the silica gel is output, and after drying, silica gel products are formed; the generated silica gel washing water is returned to step 11) acid immersion separation;

[0028] The acid immersion residue generated in step 11) is subjected to countercurrent washing after adding new water, and the washing water is returned to step 11) acid immersion separation; and after the countercurrent washing, acid immersion residue products are generated;

[0029] The aging liquid output in step 12) can be further separated by crystallization to form a crystalline product and a separation liquid; the separation liquid can be concentrated by evaporation and then output as a multi-metal crystalline product.

[0030] The crystallization temperature, crystallization time and moisture content of the crystallization separation filter cake of the crystallization separation treatment of step 15) are 20-25℃, 3-6h and 51%, respectively.

[0031] In the silica gel separation and washing of step 13), the silica gel is washed in a circulating manner, a total of 3-5 times, and the last time is washed with fresh water, the solid-liquid ratio is 1 / 5, and the washing water temperature and time are 60℃ and 10 minutes, respectively.

[0032] The aging time of the aging separation of step 12) is 2h and the aging temperature is 85℃.

[0033] The fresh water is purified water.

[0034] The step 8) of sending the next process (or water glass preparation) is to put the silica gel produced by subsequent acid leaching in the water immersion liquid, and then add silica ore, the addition amount is calculated according to the modulus of water glass 2.6, and the water glass is generated by reacting at a temperature of 200-240℃ for 1-2h.

[0035] The washing of the water immersion residue of step 9) is to obtain water immersion residue by water immersion, and then wash twice with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 / 5, wherein the first washing liquid is used for the next clinker dissolution, the second washing liquid is used for the first washing of the next water immersion residue, and the second washing of the next water immersion residue is washed with clean water; the washing temperature is 75℃ and the washing time is 10 minutes.

[0036] The washing of the dissolution residue of step 14) is to obtain acid leaching residue by acid leaching, and then wash twice with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 / 5, wherein the first washing liquid is used for the next water immersion residue dissolution, the second washing liquid is used for the first washing of the next acid leaching residue, and the second washing of the next acid leaching residue is washed with clean water; the washing temperature is 60℃ and the washing time is 10 minutes.

[0037] The first decomposition liquid of step 1) is an alkaline liquid such as sodium hydroxide.

[0038] The second decomposition liquid of step 2) is an acidic liquid such as sulfuric acid.

[0039] The advantages of the application are that: since the application transports the tailings to be processed (such as gold tailings in the embodiment) to the grinding process equipment; the grinding process is carried out in the grinding process equipment, and a first decomposing liquid (such as NaOH in the embodiment) needs to be added in the grinding process; the output material of the grinding process is subjected to gas drying; the output tailing clinker is subjected to a roasting process; then the output tailing clinker is subjected to a water leaching process; two outputs are formed after the water leaching process, one is water leaching liquid, and the other is water leaching residue; the water leaching residue is subjected to a washing process, and then subjected to acid leaching separation; after the second decomposing liquid (such as sulfuric acid) is added in the acid leaching separation, acid leaching liquid and acid leaching residue are generated; the acid leaching liquid is subjected to aging separation; after the aging separation process, the output is divided into two outputs, one is silica gel, and the other is aging liquid; the silica gel is re-subjected to silica gel separation and washing, and then the silica gel is output, and after drying, the silica gel product is formed; and the acid leaching residue generated in step 11 is subjected to countercurrent washing after new water is added, and the acid leaching residue product is generated; the aging liquid output in step 12 can be further subjected to crystallization separation treatment to form a crystal product and a separation liquid; and the separation liquid can be output as a multi-metal crystallization product after evaporation and concentration.

[0040] This comprehensive treatment process for tailings through a complete process can realize high-value utilization and large-scale consumption classification of tailings at low energy consumption and low production cost, and will not cause secondary pollution.

[0041] The application will be further described below in combination with the embodiments and the drawings: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 The application is a comprehensive treatment process for gold tailings. EMBODIMENT

[0043] As shown in the figure, a comprehensive treatment process for tailings is characterized by at least including the following steps: Figure 1 The tailings to be processed (such as gold tailings in the embodiment) are transported to the grinding process equipment;

[0044] The grinding process is carried out in the grinding process equipment, and a first decomposing liquid (such as NaOH in the embodiment) needs to be added in the grinding process; the first decomposing liquid is NaOH with a mass concentration of 32%; the gold tailings and the liquid alkali are ground together, and after grinding, more than 85% of the raw material product reaches 200 mesh.

[0045] The output material of the grinding process is subjected to gas drying;

[0046]

[0047] ​After the gas drying process, it enters the calcination process; the clinker sintering temperature is 800~850℃, and the sintering activation time is 6-11 hours;

[0048] After the calcination process, the tailing clinker is output;

[0049] It enters the water immersion process; the water glass preparation is to prepare the silica gel produced by the subsequent acid immersion in the water immersion liquid, and then add the silica ore, the adding amount is calculated according to the modulus of water glass 2.6, and the water glass is generated by reacting at a temperature of 200~240℃ for 1~2h.

[0050] After the water immersion process, two outputs are formed, one is the water immersion liquid, and the other is the water immersion residue;

[0051] The water immersion liquid branch directly goes to the water glass preparation;

[0052] The water immersion residue enters the washing process, and new water needs to be added for washing the water immersion residue; the water immersion residue washing is to wash the water immersion residue obtained by water immersion with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 / 5 twice, wherein the first washing liquid is used for the next clinker dissolution, the second washing liquid is used for the first washing of the next water immersion residue, and the second washing of the next water immersion residue is washed with clean water; the washing temperature is 75℃, and the washing time is 10min.

[0053] After the washing process, two outputs are formed, one is to return the washing water to step 6), and the other enters step 11) acid immersion separation;

[0054] The acid immersion separation needs to add a second decomposition liquid, and after the reaction of adding the second decomposition liquid in the acid immersion separation, the acid immersion liquid and the acid immersion residue are generated; the second decomposition liquid is an acidic liquid such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The chemical composition of the acid immersion liquid (g / L) is Al2(SO4)3 (210.76), Fe2(SO4)3 (37.36), Na2SO4 (157), H2SO4 (35.28).

[0055] The acid immersion liquid enters the aging separation; after the aging separation process, it is divided into two outputs, one is the silica gel, and the other is the aging liquid; the aging time of the aging separation is 2h, and the aging temperature is 85℃.

[0056] The silica gel reenters the silica gel separation and washing, and new water needs to be added in the silica gel separation and washing process; after the silica gel separation and washing, the silica gel is output, and after drying, the silica gel product is formed; the generated silica gel washing water returns to step 11) acid immersion separation; the silica gel separation and washing, wherein the silica gel is washed in a circulating manner, a total of 3-5 times, and the last time is washed with new water, the solid-liquid ratio is 1 / 5, the washing water temperature and time are 60℃ and 10min respectively.

[0057] The acid leaching residue generated in step 11 is countercurrently washed after adding new water, and the washing water is returned to the acid leaching separation of step 11, and the acid leaching residue product is generated after countercurrent washing; the acid leaching residue obtained in the leaching residue washing is washed twice with water according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 / 5, wherein the washing liquid for the first time is used for the next water leaching residue dissolution, the washing liquid for the second time is used for the first washing of the next acid leaching residue, and the next acid leaching residue is washed with clean water for the second washing; the washing temperature is 60 DEG C, and the washing time is 10 min.

[0058] The aging liquid output in step 12 can be further subjected to crystallization separation treatment to form a crystalline product and a separation liquid; the separation liquid can be output after evaporation and concentration to form a multi-metal crystalline product.

[0059] The crystalline chemical composition is: Fe2(SO4)3 (24.68%), Al2(SO4)3 (3.50%), Na2SO4 (15.46%), and H2SO4 (3.50%).

[0060] The crystallization separation liquid composition (g / L) is: the proportions of Na2SO4, Fe2(SO4)3, Al2(SO4)3, and H2SO4 are 154.00, 46.88, 183, and 42.00, respectively.

[0061] The volume before crystallization is 160 ml, the crystalline mass is 108 g, and the volume after crystallization is 46 ml.

[0062] The new water used in the application is purified water.

[0063] Tailings, as a large amount of industrial solid waste, has caused great harm to the mine and its surrounding environment, and has limited the sustainable development of the mining industry. Today, mineral resources are increasingly depleted, ore grades are continuously declining, and environmental protection requirements are increasingly strict. It is an inevitable choice to comprehensively utilize tailings resources in various ways. For mining enterprises, environmental protection requirements should be deeply implemented, and environmental protection should be deeply implemented in the whole process of mine development; at the same time, relying on scientific and technological innovation and combining with the conditions of the mine itself, the tailings are harmlessly, reducedly and resourcefully utilized, the useful and valuable components are recovered, and new materials with high added value, wide use and multiple functions are developed. By using market mechanism and policy conditions, the comprehensive utilization of tailings resources will obtain great economic benefits and social efficiency.

Claims

1. A comprehensive processing process method for tailings full-amount resource utilization, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: 1) transporting the tailings to be processed to the grinding process equipment; 2) performing grinding treatment in the grinding process equipment, and the grinding treatment is performed after adding a first decomposing liquid, which is an alkaline liquid sodium hydroxide; 3) performing a gas drying process on the output material of the grinding treatment; 4) entering the roasting process after the gas drying process; 5) outputting the tailing clinker after the roasting process; 6) entering the water immersion process; 7) forming two output routes after the water immersion process, one being the water immersion liquid and the other being the water immersion residue; 8) directly sending the water immersion liquid branch to the water glass preparation, wherein the water glass preparation is to generate water glass by adding the silica gel produced by subsequent acid immersion into the silica ore, the amount of addition being calculated according to the water glass modulus of 2.6, and the reaction is performed at a temperature of 200-240 DEG C for 1-2 h; 9) entering the washing process, and adding new water in the washing process to wash the water immersion residue, wherein the water immersion residue washing is performed twice by using water in a solid-liquid ratio of 1 / 5, wherein the first washing liquid is used for the next clinker dissolution, the second washing liquid is used for the next water immersion residue first washing, and the next water immersion residue second washing is performed by using clean water; the washing temperature is 75 DEG C, and the washing time is 10 min; 10) outputting in two routes after the washing process, one being to return the washing water to step 6), and the other being to enter step 11) acid immersion separation; 11) adding a second decomposing liquid in the acid immersion separation, the second decomposing liquid being an acidic liquid sulfuric acid, and the acid immersion separation produces acid immersion liquid and acid immersion residue after the reaction of adding the second decomposing liquid; 12) entering the aging separation, and outputting silica gel and aging liquid after the aging separation process, wherein the aging time of the aging separation is 2 h, and the aging temperature is 85 DEG C; 13) re-entering the silica gel separation washing, adding new water in the silica gel separation washing process, and outputting silica gel after the silica gel separation washing, and forming silica gel products after drying; the silica gel washing water generated is returned to step 11) acid immersion separation; wherein the silica gel separation washing adopts a circulating washing mode, and is washed for 3-5 times, the last time is washed by adding new water, the solid-liquid ratio is 1 / 5, the washing water temperature is 60 DEG C, and the washing time is 10 min each time; 14) performing countercurrent washing on the acid immersion residue generated in step 11) after adding new water, and returning the washing water to step 11) acid immersion separation, and producing acid immersion residue products after the countercurrent washing; wherein the acid immersion residue is washed twice by using water in a solid-liquid ratio of 1 / 5, wherein the first washing liquid is used for the next water immersion residue dissolution, the second washing liquid is used for the next acid immersion residue first washing, and the next acid immersion residue second washing is performed by using clean water; the washing temperature is 60 DEG C, and the washing time is 10 min; 15) the aging liquid output in step 12) can be further treated by crystallization separation to form crystal products and separation liquid; the separation liquid can output multi-metal crystal products after evaporation and concentration; wherein the crystallization temperature of the crystallization separation treatment is 20-25 DEG C, the crystallization time is 3-6 h, and the moisture content of the crystallization separation filter cake is 51%. ​

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