Building component push test device and method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of building test equipment, and particularly relates to a building component thrust test device and an application method thereof. The present application comprises a bottom platform, a top platform and a thrust loading device. The building component is vertically installed on the bottom platform and the top platform. The thrust loading device applies a transverse thrust to the building component through the bottom platform or the top platform. The present application further comprises vertical supports. The vertical supports are arranged symmetrically at the two ends of the bottom platform along the direction of the transverse thrust and are supported between the top platform and the bottom platform. The vertical supports only bear vertical loads. A sliding device is arranged on the vertical support. The movement direction of the sliding device is consistent with the thrust loading direction. The sliding stroke of the sliding device is greater than the stroke of the building component thrust test. The present application effectively solves the problem of the bending moment generated by the building component on the test machine system in actual engineering tests. The present application does not need to modify the existing test equipment and has the characteristics of convenient operation, simple structure and reliable performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building testing equipment technology, specifically to a building component thrust testing device and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urbanization and the national economy, the application of vibration isolation and seismic resistance technologies and products for building structures is becoming increasingly widespread. In vibration-isolated and seismic-resistant buildings, it is sometimes necessary to install building components at specific locations that can limit the horizontal displacement of the building. These building components are only used to limit the possible horizontal displacement of the building and cannot bear vertical loads, but they can withstand large horizontal loads. During engineering project implementation, it is necessary to test the horizontal bearing capacity of such building components. Hydraulic servo dynamic testing machine systems are typically used for testing, mainly including compression-shear type and horizontal loading type testing machines. For example, Chinese patent, authorization announcement number CN202223081413.6, discloses a vertical loading device for a structural laboratory, which can apply vertical loads to prefabricated walls during seismic testing. However, regardless of the type of testing machine used, the building component is fixed at both ends to the top and bottom plates of the testing machine during testing. One of the top plates and the bottom plate is fixed, while the other is moved horizontally by the loading device, thereby testing the horizontal bearing capacity of the building component. In this testing method, the moving end of the testing machine generates a bending moment relative to the fixed end. The force load of this bending moment is a horizontal thrust, and the lever arm of the bending moment is the height of the building component. Under large horizontal thrust conditions, this bending moment can damage the testing machine system, such as causing the fixed end to tilt or flip, or damaging the sliding rails of the moving end. Therefore, directly using existing testing machine systems and conventional testing methods cannot perform thrust testing and measurement of building components. In view of this, the market urgently needs a thrust testing device for building components. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a building component thrust testing device that does not require modification of existing testing equipment and has the characteristics of convenient operation, simple structure and reliable performance.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is as follows:

[0005] A thrust testing device for building components includes a base platform, a top plate, and a thrust loading device. The building components are vertically mounted on the base platform and the top plate. The thrust loading device applies a lateral thrust to the building components through the base platform or the top plate. The device also includes an even number of vertical supports, which are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the base platform along the lateral thrust direction and supported between the top plate and the base platform. The vertical supports only bear vertical loads. A sliding device is provided on the vertical supports. The movement direction of the sliding device is consistent with the thrust loading direction, and the sliding stroke of the sliding device is greater than the stroke of the thrust test of the building components.

[0006] Based on the above scheme, the vertical support includes four vertical columns, which are arranged at the four corners of the base platform. Connecting rods are installed between adjacent vertical columns, and the four vertical columns and connecting rods form a frame structure. Placing four columns at the four corners of the base platform allows for a more balanced distribution of vertical loads, which helps ensure the top slab remains level. Furthermore, the frame structure formed by the connecting rods between adjacent vertical columns further enhances the overall integrity of the vertical support, contributing to the stability and reliability of the building component thrust testing device during testing.

[0007] Furthermore, the vertical support includes four vertical columns, which are arranged at the four corners of the base.

[0008] Furthermore, connecting rods are provided between adjacent vertical columns, and the four vertical columns and connecting rods form a frame structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the sliding device includes a cage, rolling elements, an upper plate, and a lower plate. The rolling elements are mounted on the cage and contact the upper and lower plates. The upper and lower plates are mounted on a vertical support.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the sliding device is equipped with a limit protection device, which is a baffle. These design features enhance the reliability, stability, and smoothness of the sliding device, and improve the stability of the vertical support during sliding.

[0011] Furthermore, anti-slip pads are provided between the bottom end of the vertical support and the base platform, and between the top end of the vertical support and the top plate. These anti-slip pads increase the friction at both ends of the vertical support, allowing for lateral fixation without the need for connecting structures or devices between the ends of the vertical support and the base platform and top plate, thus facilitating the installation and disassembly of the vertical support. The anti-slip pads used here are adhesive textile mats widely used in engineering, characterized by high rigidity, high coefficient of friction, and self-adhesion; further details will not be elaborated upon here.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical support is equipped with a hydraulic telescopic device. A jack is typically used for this device. The hydraulic telescopic device serves two purposes: first, it allows for adjustment of the vertical support's height, ensuring close contact with the top plate and maintaining a horizontal position, with convenient and quick adjustment; second, it enables the application of vertical loads to the vertical support with high accuracy and long-term stability.

[0013] Another objective of this invention is to provide an additional technical solution:

[0014] A method for applying a thrust testing device for building components includes the following steps:

[0015] A1. Place the building component on the base platform, adjust the height of the top plate until the top of the building component contacts the top plate, and then fix the building component to the base platform and the top plate.

[0016] A2. Place the vertical support between the base platform and the top plate, and apply a vertical load to the vertical support through the top plate to the predetermined vertical load F;

[0017] A3. The thrust loading device begins to apply lateral thrust until the test thrust value F is reached. 横 Then, the thrust is released to return the thrust loading device to its original position, and the load and displacement data of the thrust loading device are recorded during this process.

[0018] A4. Repeat step A3 the number of times to meet the experimental requirements;

[0019] A5. After the thrust loading is completed, the loading device returns to its original position, releasing the vertical load on the vertical support to zero, thus completing the test process.

[0020] Another objective of this invention is to provide an additional technical solution:

[0021] A method for applying a thrust testing device for building components includes the following steps:

[0022] B1. Place the building component on the base platform, adjust the height of the top plate until the top of the building component contacts the top plate, and then fix the building component to the base platform and the top plate.

[0023] B2. Place the vertical support between the base and the top plate. Use the extension and retraction of the hydraulic telescopic device to generate a vertical load between the vertical support and the top plate up to the predetermined vertical load F, and ensure that the top plate is in a horizontal state.

[0024] B3. The thrust loading device begins to apply lateral thrust until the test thrust value F is reached. 推 Then, the thrust is released to return the thrust loading device to its original position, and the load and displacement data of the thrust loading device are recorded during this process.

[0025] B4. Repeat step B3 the number of times to achieve the experimental requirements;

[0026] B5. After the thrust loading is completed, the loading device returns to its original position, releasing the vertical load on the vertical support to zero, thus completing the test process.

[0027] In some embodiments, the predetermined vertical load F in this invention can be pre-calculated based on the stress analysis of the building components. Assume a lateral thrust is applied to the top slab and the load is F. 推 If the height of the building component is H and the distance from the vertical support to the horizontal centerline of the base is L, then the moment balance equation of the base is:

[0028] (F / 2)×L=F 推 ×H

[0029] From the above formula, we can obtain:

[0030] F = 2F 推 ×H / L.

[0031] In practical applications, the required vertical load F can be calculated using the above formula. Simultaneously, the structure and dimensions of components such as vertical supports and sliding devices can be designed based on the magnitude of this vertical load.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] (1) This invention provides a thrust testing device for building components, which can solve the problem that the bending moment generated by the building components on the test bench can easily damage the testing machine when there is only a horizontal load and no vertical load during the horizontal bearing capacity test and testing process. At the same time, this invention has the characteristics of reliable and stable testing device, small lateral sliding friction and little impact on the lateral bearing test results, and also has the advantages of simple structure and convenient assembly and disassembly.

[0034] (2) The present invention provides an application method for a thrust test device for building components. The application of this method can calculate the required vertical load in advance and has the characteristics of simple and efficient operation, and can ensure the accuracy and precision of the test.

[0035] In summary, this invention effectively solves the problem of bending moment generated by building components on the testing machine system in actual engineering testing. It can achieve accurate testing while protecting the testing machine system, and is widely applicable to existing conventional compression-shear testing machines and ordinary horizontal loading testing machines, thus expanding the testing range of the testing machine system. Furthermore, the testing device based on this invention can also be applied to thrust testing of other civil structures, steel structures, or mechanical components under similar testing conditions as building components. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the building component thrust test device of the present invention in Embodiment 1.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the building component thrust test device of the present invention in Embodiment 2.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the building component thrust test device of the present invention in Embodiment 3. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 The present invention discloses a thrust testing device for building components, comprising a thrust loading device 1, a base platform 2, a top plate 3, and a vertical support 4. The vertical support 4 includes four vertical columns arranged at the four corners of the base platform 2. The vertical support 4 is equipped with a hydraulic telescopic device 5 and a sliding device. The sliding device includes an upper plate 6, a lower plate 7, rolling elements 8, and a retainer 9. The rolling elements 8 are mounted on the retainer 9 and contact the upper plate 6 and the lower plate 7, which are mounted on the vertical support 4. A limit protection device, namely a baffle 61, is provided at the end of the sliding device.

[0042] In this embodiment, the hydraulic telescopic device 5 is a hydraulic jack. The rolling element in the sliding device is a steel cylinder. The specific structural and material requirements for these devices are only necessary to achieve the corresponding functions and will not be detailed here.

[0043] In application, the building component 10 is vertically installed on the base platform 2 and the top plate 3. The thrust loading device 1 applies a lateral thrust to the building component 10 through the base platform 2. The vertical support 4 only bears the vertical load. The movement direction of the sliding device is consistent with the thrust loading direction. The sliding stroke of the sliding device is greater than the stroke of the thrust test of the building component.

[0044] The application method of the experimental device in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0045] A1. Place the building component on the base platform, adjust the height of the top plate until the top of the building component is in contact, and then fix the building component to the base platform and the top plate.

[0046] A2. Place the vertical support between the base and the top plate. Use the extension and retraction of the hydraulic telescopic device to apply a vertical load to the top plate to the predetermined vertical load F, and ensure that the top plate is in a horizontal state.

[0047] A3. The thrust loading device begins to apply lateral thrust until the test thrust value F is reached. 横 Then, the thrust is released to return the thrust loading device to its original position, and the load and displacement data of the thrust loading device are recorded during this process.

[0048] A4. Repeat step A3 the number of times to meet the experimental requirements.

[0049] A5. After the thrust loading is completed, the loading device returns to its original position, releasing the vertical load on the vertical support to zero, thus completing the test process.

[0050] The predetermined vertical load F is calculated using the formula: F = 2F 横 The result is obtained by calculating ×H / L. Where F... 横 H represents the lateral thrust to be tested on the building component, H represents the height of the building component, and L represents the distance from the vertical support to the lateral centerline of the base. In this embodiment, the predetermined vertical load F can be evenly distributed to the four vertical columns, and is achieved by generating a vertical load of 1 / 4F through each hydraulic jack.

[0051] This embodiment uses vertical columns to apply vertical loads between the top slab and the base platform, balancing the bending moments generated by the building components on the base platform or top slab during the test. The testing device of this invention solves the problem that in horizontal load-bearing capacity tests of building components, the bending moments generated by the building components on the test platform under only horizontal loads and without vertical loads can easily damage the testing machine. Furthermore, this invention features a reliable and stable testing device, low lateral sliding friction that has minimal impact on lateral load-bearing test results, and also boasts advantages such as simple structure and easy assembly / disassembly.

[0052] It should be noted that this example only uses the setting of four vertical columns as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the number and arrangement of vertical columns can be set according to the engineering needs, and all of them are within the protection scope required by this invention. These descriptions also apply to other embodiments of this invention, which are described here together and will not be repeated later.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a connecting rod 40 is provided between the vertical columns 4, and the vertical columns 4 and the connecting rod 40 form a frame structure.

[0055] Compared with Embodiment 1, in the technical solution described in this embodiment, the vertical columns and connecting rods form a frame structure, which can better maintain the overall effect of the vertical support and is beneficial to the stability and reliability of the building component thrust testing device during the test.

[0056] This example illustrates a vertical support system comprising four vertical columns. In practical applications, the number of vertical columns can be flexibly adjusted according to the magnitude of the vertical load or the dimensions of the testing machine system's base. The number of vertical columns can be an even number, such as six or eight, to facilitate symmetrical arrangement of the columns on both sides of the base's transverse centerline. Any device or method that uses a vertical support system and additional vertical load to counteract the bending moment exerted on the base by the building components during a thrust test is based on variations of the technical principles of this invention and falls within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that there are two vertical supports, symmetrically arranged at both ends of the base platform. Anti-slip pads 41 are provided between the bottom end of the vertical support 4 and the base platform 2, and between the top end of the vertical support 4 and the top plate 3. The sliding device includes an upper plate 6, a lower plate 7, a rolling element 8, and a retainer 9. The rolling element 8 is mounted on the retainer 9 and contacts the upper plate 6 and the lower plate 7, which are mounted on the vertical support 4.

[0059] The anti-slip mat in this embodiment is an adhesive textile mat with a high coefficient of friction, widely used in engineering projects, and will not be described in detail here. By setting up the anti-slip mat, the friction between the vertical support and the base and top plate can be increased, enhancing the stability of the vertical support. No additional connecting structures or devices are required, facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the building component thrust testing device in this embodiment.

[0060] In application, the building component 10 is vertically installed on the base platform 2 and the top plate 3. The thrust loading device 1 applies a lateral thrust to the building component 10 through the top plate 3. The vertical support 4 only bears the vertical load. The movement direction of the sliding device is consistent with the thrust loading direction. The sliding stroke of the sliding device is greater than the stroke of the thrust test of the building component.

[0061] The application method of the experimental device in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0062] B1. Place the building component on the base platform, adjust the height of the top plate until the top of the building component is in contact, and then fix the building component to the base platform and the top plate.

[0063] B2. Place the vertical support between the base and the top plate, and apply a vertical load to the vertical support through the top plate to the predetermined vertical load F.

[0064] B3. The thrust loading device begins to apply lateral thrust until the test thrust value F is reached. 推 Then, the thrust is released to return the thrust loading device to its original position, and the load and displacement data of the thrust loading device are recorded during this process.

[0065] B4. Repeat step B3 as many times as required by the experiment.

[0066] B5. After the thrust loading is completed, the loading device returns to its original position, releasing the vertical load on the vertical support to zero, thus completing the test process.

[0067] Compared with the technical solution described in Embodiment 1, the technical solution in this embodiment does not use a hydraulic telescopic device to apply the vertical load. Therefore, the technical solution in this embodiment is suitable for compression-shear testing machines or test conditions with relatively small thrust.

[0068] The embodiments of the present invention are mainly for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the technical principles of the present invention, and are not limited to the contents described in the above embodiments. The technical contents described in the above embodiments can also be used interchangeably. Based on the technical principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can recombine the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or use similar technologies to simply replace some of the components. As long as they are based on the technical principles of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for applying a thrust testing device for building components, comprising a base platform, a top plate, and a thrust loading device. The building component is vertically mounted on the base platform and the top plate. The thrust loading device applies a lateral thrust to the building component through the base platform or the top plate. The device also includes an even number of vertical supports symmetrically arranged at both ends of the base platform along the direction of the lateral thrust, and supported between the top plate and the base platform. The vertical supports only bear vertical loads. A sliding device is provided on the vertical supports, the sliding device's movement direction being consistent with the thrust loading direction, and the sliding stroke of the sliding device being greater than the stroke required for the thrust test of the building component. The device is characterized in that... Includes the following steps: A1. Place the building component on the base platform, adjust the height of the top plate until the top of the building component contacts the top plate, and then fix the building component to the base platform and the top plate. A2. Place the vertical support between the base platform and the top plate, and apply a vertical load to the vertical support through the top plate to the predetermined vertical load F; A3. The thrust loading device begins to apply lateral thrust until the test thrust value F is reached. 横 Then, the thrust is released to return the thrust loading device to its original position, and the load and displacement data of the thrust loading device are recorded during this process. A4. Repeat step A3 the number of times to meet the experimental requirements; A5. After the thrust loading is completed, the loading device returns to its original position, releasing the vertical load on the vertical support to zero, thus completing the test process.

2. A method for applying a thrust testing device for building components, comprising a base platform, a top plate, and a thrust loading device. The building component is vertically mounted on the base platform and the top plate. The thrust loading device applies a lateral thrust to the building component through the base platform or the top plate. The device also includes an even number of vertical supports symmetrically arranged at both ends of the base platform along the direction of the lateral thrust, and supported between the top plate and the base platform. The vertical supports only bear vertical loads. A sliding device is provided on the vertical supports, the sliding device's movement direction being consistent with the thrust loading direction, and the sliding stroke of the sliding device being greater than the stroke required for the thrust test of the building component. The device is characterized in that… Includes the following steps: B1. Place the building component on the base platform, adjust the height of the top plate until the top of the building component contacts the top plate, and then fix the building component to the base platform and the top plate. B2. Place the vertical support between the base and the top plate. Use the extension and retraction of the hydraulic telescopic device to generate a vertical load between the vertical support and the top plate up to the predetermined vertical load F, and ensure that the top plate is in a horizontal state. B3. The thrust loading device begins to apply lateral thrust until the test thrust value F is reached. 推 Then, the thrust is released to return the thrust loading device to its original position, and the load and displacement data of the thrust loading device are recorded during this process. B4. Repeat step B3 the number of times to meet the experimental requirements; B5. After the thrust loading is completed, the loading device returns to its original position, releasing the vertical load on the vertical support to zero, thus completing the test process.

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