A method and apparatus for calibrating a phased array

Abstract

The application discloses a correction method and device of a phased array, the correction method comprises the following steps: performing inner correction and outer correction on the phased array antenna, and calculating a channel correction coefficient based on the outer correction result and the inner correction result; after the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna array surface is controlled, and when the array surface temperature is reduced to a low limit value T min of the working permission, the inner correction is performed on the array surface once every time the array surface temperature is increased by ΔT, and the working temperature is gradually increased to a high limit value T max of the working permission according to the environmental temperature requirement when the phased array works; and the compensation coefficient of the phased array antenna at different working temperatures is calculated through the inner correction results at different temperatures. The method of the application is used for solving the channel correction of the phased array array surface and the calculation of the channel response under different working environmental temperature conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for correcting a phased array. Background Technology

[0002] Phased arrays have numerous applications in various fields such as communications and radar. High-frequency phased arrays offer the following advantages: 1) Wide bandwidth, suitable for various broadband signal processing; 2) Small antenna size, narrow beam, good directivity, high spatial resolution, and high tracking accuracy; 3) Narrow beam, strong anti-interference performance. Furthermore, because phased array systems employ electronic beam scanning, the beam has agility, enabling rapid spatial coverage.

[0003] Before use, phased arrays require channel calibration through a calibration system to obtain the amplitude and phase characteristics of different channels. Then, signal processing methods are used to obtain the coefficients of the channel equalization filter. After channel equalization, the amplitude and phase responses of each channel are consistent, allowing the signals from different channels to be superimposed and achieve beamforming.

[0004] Because the wavelength of high-frequency bands is short, ambient temperature has a great influence on the self-calibration results. Traditional calibration methods cannot obtain accurate channel responses, and phased arrays cannot synthesize beams. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an embodiment to address the calibration problem of high-frequency phased arrays under different operating ambient temperatures, proposing a calibration method and apparatus for high-frequency phased arrays operating under various ambient temperatures.

[0006] This application provides a phased array correction method, including...

[0007] The phased array antenna is subjected to internal and external correction. The external correction is carried out in an anechoic chamber with the array surface temperature controlled at a set temperature T0. The external correction obtains the external correction result of the phased array antenna channel, and the internal correction obtains the internal correction result of the phased array antenna channel. The channel correction coefficient is calculated based on the external correction result and the internal correction result.

[0008] After the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna surface is controlled until the surface temperature drops to the lower limit T that is allowed for operation. min Internal calibration is performed on the array surface. For every ΔT increase in the array surface temperature, internal calibration is performed on the array surface. Based on the ambient temperature requirements during phased array operation, the operating temperature is gradually increased to the upper limit T that is allowed for operation. max ;

[0009] The compensation coefficients of the phased array antenna at different operating temperatures were calculated using the internal correction results at different temperatures.

[0010] Optionally, external calibration can be performed in an anechoic chamber to obtain the external calibration result for phased array antenna channel k. N is the total number of channels in the phased array antenna;

[0011] After external calibration in the anechoic chamber, without interrupting power, internal calibration of the phased array antenna is completed, yielding the internal calibration result for channel k. External correction results Response with internal correction line Cascaded response.

[0012] Optionally, calculating the channel correction coefficient based on the external correction result and the internal correction result includes: calculating the correction coefficient of channel k at temperature T0 based on the internal and external correction results. satisfy:

[0013]

[0014] Optionally, after the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna surface is controlled until the surface temperature drops to the lower limit T that is allowed for operation. min Internal calibration is performed on the array surface. For every ΔT increase in the array surface temperature, internal calibration is performed once, taking into account the ambient temperature requirements during phased array operation.

[0015] After the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna surface is controlled until the surface temperature drops to the lower limit T that is allowed for operation. min The internal calibration of the array is performed to obtain the internal calibration result of channel k.

[0016] Without shutting down, perform internal calibration on the surface to obtain channel k, at temperature T. min Internal correction result at +mΔT

[0017] Optionally, the compensation coefficients of the phased array antenna at different operating temperatures can be calculated using the internal correction results at different temperatures. This includes obtaining the compensation coefficients of channel k at temperature T using the internal correction results at different temperatures. min Temperature compensation coefficient during correction at +mΔT satisfy:

[0018]

[0019] Optionally, it also includes measuring the ambient temperature of the phased array array after power-on, which is T. R Perform internal calibration on the plane to obtain the internal calibration result for channel k. And based on the calculated channel correction coefficients, the corresponding correction coefficients are found, and based on the measured ambient temperature T... RAnd find the corresponding temperature compensation coefficient, and calculate the channel response of channel k. satisfy:

[0020]

[0021] This application also proposes a phased array correction device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the phased array correction method as described above.

[0022] This application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the phased array correction method described above.

[0023] This application proposes a high-frequency phased array correction method and apparatus, which can be used to solve the channel correction of the phased array surface and the calculation of the channel response under different operating temperature conditions.

[0024] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic process of the phased array correction method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external calibration of the phased array surface in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal correction of the phased array surface in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0030] This application provides a method for correcting a phased array, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0031] In step S101, the phased array antenna undergoes internal and external calibration. External calibration is performed in an anechoic chamber, with the array surface temperature controlled at a set temperature T0. Controlling the array surface temperature T0 can be achieved through an environmental control system. External calibration yields the external calibration result for the phased array antenna channel, and internal calibration yields the internal calibration result for the phased array antenna channel. Based on the external and internal calibration results, the channel calibration coefficient is calculated. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, external calibration involves connecting the calibration source to the anechoic chamber probe during external calibration of the phased array. By moving the probe, the response of each channel after power-on under the current temperature conditions can be obtained. Internal calibration involves connecting the calibration source to the internal calibration network during internal calibration. By switching channels, the composite response of each channel and its corresponding calibration line after power-on under the current temperature conditions can be obtained. The calibration coefficient of each channel can be obtained through both internal and external calibration.

[0032] In step S102, after the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna surface is controlled until the surface temperature drops to the lower limit T that is allowed for operation. min Internal calibration is performed on the array surface. For every ΔT increase in the array surface temperature, internal calibration is performed on the array surface. Based on the ambient temperature requirements during phased array operation, the operating temperature is gradually increased to the upper limit T that is allowed for operation. max Specifically, the array temperature can be controlled through the system's built-in liquid cooling environmental control system until the array temperature drops to T. min Then, internal calibration is performed on the surface, and the internal calibration is repeated after the temperature is increased by ΔT.

[0033] In step S103, the compensation coefficient of the phased array antenna at different operating temperatures is calculated using the internal correction results at different temperatures.

[0034] This application proposes a high-frequency phased array correction method and apparatus, which can be used to solve the channel correction of the phased array surface under different operating temperature conditions.

[0035] In some embodiments, the phased array surface temperature is controlled at T0 and T1 in an anechoic chamber using an environmental control system. min ≤T0≤T max External calibration was performed in an anechoic chamber to obtain the external calibration result for channel k of the phased array antenna. N is the total number of channels in the phased array antenna;

[0036] After external calibration in the anechoic chamber, without interrupting power, internal calibration of the phased array antenna is completed, yielding the internal calibration result for channel k. External correction results Response with internal correction line The cascade response. In some embodiments, calculating the channel correction coefficient based on the external correction result and the internal correction result includes: calculating the correction coefficient of channel k at temperature T0 based on the internal and external correction results. satisfy:

[0037]

[0038] In some specific examples, the correction coefficients for all channels are shown in Table 1 below.

[0039] Table 1

[0040]

[0041] In some embodiments, after the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna surface is controlled until the surface temperature drops to the lower limit T that is allowed for operation. min Internal calibration is performed on the array surface. For every ΔT increase in the array surface temperature, internal calibration is performed once, taking into account the ambient temperature requirements during phased array operation.

[0042] After the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna surface is controlled until the surface temperature drops to the lower limit T that is allowed for operation. min The internal calibration of the array is performed to obtain the internal calibration result of channel k.

[0043]

[0044] Without shutting down, perform internal calibration on the surface to obtain channel k, at temperature T. min Internal correction result at +mΔT The correction results are shown in Table 2;

[0045] Table 2

[0046]

[0047] Without interrupting power to the phased array surface, the temperature of the array surface is stabilized at T0 using an environmental control system. Internal calibration is then performed on the array surface to obtain the internal calibration result for channel k. Where 1≤k≤N, T min ≤T0≤T max As shown in Table 3:

[0048] Table 3

[0049]

[0050] In some embodiments, the compensation coefficient of the phased array antenna at different operating temperatures is calculated using the internal correction results at different temperatures, including: combining Tables 2 and 3, the compensation coefficient of channel k at temperature T is obtained using the internal correction results at different temperatures. min Temperature compensation coefficient during correction at +mΔT satisfy:

[0051]

[0052] The details are shown in Table 4:

[0053] Table 4

[0054]

[0055] In some embodiments, the measured ambient temperature of the phased array after power-on is T. R Perform internal calibration on the plane to obtain the internal calibration result for channel k. And based on the calculated channel correction coefficients, the corresponding correction coefficients are found, and based on the measured ambient temperature T... R And find the corresponding temperature compensation coefficient, and calculate the channel response of channel k. satisfy:

[0056]

[0057] This application also proposes an implementation example of a phased array calibration method. In a phased array measurement and control system, when performing in-array and out-of-array calibration in an anechoic chamber, the array surface temperature is T0 (≈20℃). The calibration coefficients for all channels are obtained by combining the in-array and out-of-array calibration results. When the system is outdoors, the ambient temperature is very low, approximately T. R (≈-18℃).

[0058] After the phased array is powered on, internal calibration is performed to obtain the calibration results for the channels. Without temperature compensation, the channel response can be obtained from the channel correction coefficients and the internal correction results. It is evident that a genuine channel response cannot be obtained at this time. If based on Calculating the channel equalizer coefficients would prevent the array from synthesizing beams. Therefore, in a real-world operating environment, it is necessary to first measure the compensation coefficients under different temperature conditions. Combining the temperature compensation coefficients with the real-time internal correction results will yield the true channel response.

[0059]

[0060] The phased array calibration method of this application first controls the antenna array surface temperature at T0 using a phased array environmental control system, completing the external and internal calibration of the antenna array surface to obtain the calibration coefficient of each channel at T0. Then, the environmental control system controls the array surface temperature at T... R (T min ≤T R ≤T max ), and obtain channel k in T R The temperature compensation coefficient is used in real-time calculations. In actual operation, the true channel response is obtained from the real-time internal correction results, the channel correction coefficient, and the temperature compensation coefficient.

[0061] This application also proposes a phased array correction device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the phased array correction method as described above.

[0062] This application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the phased array correction method described above.

[0063] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0064] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0065] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0066] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for correcting a phased array, characterized in that, include: The phased array antenna is subjected to internal and external correction. The external correction is carried out in an anechoic chamber with the array surface temperature controlled at a set temperature T0. The external correction obtains the external correction result of the phased array antenna channel, and the internal correction obtains the internal correction result of the phased array antenna channel. The channel correction coefficient is calculated based on the external correction result and the internal correction result. After the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna surface is controlled until the surface temperature drops to the lower limit T that is allowed for operation. min Internal calibration is performed on the array surface. For every ΔT increase in the array surface temperature, internal calibration is performed on the array surface. Based on the ambient temperature requirements during phased array operation, the operating temperature is gradually increased to the upper limit T that is allowed for operation. max ; The compensation coefficients of the phased array antenna at different operating temperatures were calculated using the internal correction results at different temperatures.

2. The phased array correction method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, External calibration is performed in an anechoic chamber to obtain the external calibration result for phased array antenna channel k. N is the total number of channels in the phased array antenna; After external calibration in the anechoic chamber, without interrupting power, internal calibration of the phased array antenna is completed, yielding the internal calibration result for channel k. External correction results Response with internal correction line Cascaded response.

3. The phased array correction method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The channel correction coefficient is calculated based on the external correction result and the internal correction result, including: calculating the correction coefficient of channel k at temperature T0 based on the internal and external correction results. satisfy:

4. The phased array correction method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, After the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna surface is controlled until the surface temperature drops to the lower limit T that is allowed for operation. min Internal calibration is performed on the array surface. For every ΔT increase in the temperature of the array surface, internal calibration is performed once, taking into account the ambient temperature requirements during phased array operation. After the phased array is started, the temperature of the phased array antenna surface is controlled until the surface temperature drops to the lower limit T that is allowed for operation. min The internal calibration of the array is performed to obtain the internal calibration result of channel k. Without shutting down, perform internal calibration on the surface to obtain channel k, at temperature T. min Internal correction result at +mΔT 5. The phased array correction method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The compensation coefficients of the phased array antenna at different operating temperatures are calculated using the internal correction results at different temperatures. This includes: obtaining the compensation coefficients of channel k at temperature T. min Temperature compensation coefficient during correction at +mΔT satisfy:

6. The phased array correction method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, This also includes the measured ambient temperature of the phased array array after power-on, which is T. R Perform internal calibration on the plane to obtain the internal calibration result for channel k. And based on the calculated channel correction coefficients, the corresponding correction coefficients are found, and based on the measured ambient temperature T... R And find the corresponding temperature compensation coefficient, and calculate the channel response of channel k. satisfy:

7. A phased array correction device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the phased array correction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the phased array correction method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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