A cultivation method of auricularia auricula

Abstract

The present application relates to edible mushroom cultivation technology field, specifically discloses a kind of cultivation method of gold ear.The present application is by controlling culture temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, carries out red blue mixed light irradiation in different period, and cooperate with the light intensity of red blue mixed light, and additional spray exogenous nutrient solution in the dark culture stage of color change period and other measures, effectively promote the formation of gold ear fruit body primordium and the whole diameter of gold ear fruit body becomes large, and fully stimulate the color change reaction of mycelium in color change period, so that gold ear fruit body character is good, growth cycle is short, fundamentally solve the yield and quality instability problem existing in the prior art gold ear cultivation technology, meet the needs of modern agricultural fine management and high efficiency output, suitable for gold ear factory cultivation and popularization, it has important significance for promoting the upgrading and development of gold ear cultivation industry.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of Aurantiporus. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, Aurantiporus has been widely welcomed by consumers as a new variety of rare edible mushroom with medicinal and edible functions. At present, Aurantiporus has been widely cultivated in many provinces in China. However, Aurantiporus has strict requirements for suitable growth environment. In actual production, Aurantiporus often grows slowly, the ear time is not uniform, and the color changing effect is not ideal due to improper management. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the cultivation technology of Aurantiporus to form standardized and standardized management for high-quality standardized production of Aurantiporus.

[0003] The scientific name of Aurantiporus is Naematelia aurantialba, which is a large fungus of Auriporaceae and Auriporus genus. However, the growth of Aurantiporus fruiting body must rely on Stereum hirsutum, so the mixed strain of the above two strains is used in production. In Aurantiporus fruiting body, the outermost yellow part is Aurantiporus hymenium. Aurantiporus fruiting body must be kept under certain light during development and maturation to make the outermost Aurantiporus hymenium turn golden yellow. Therefore, light plays an important role in the cultivation of Aurantiporus. In an unsuitable light environment, Aurantiporus primordium will become larger, but the color will remain white and not yellow, so that Aurantiporus loses its commercial value. Since the Aurantiporus cultivation strain is a mixed strain, the optimal growth temperature and light conditions of the two strains are different. At present, the factory management of Aurantiporus depends largely on the previous management experience of the cultivation technicians. Due to the different experience of the cultivation technicians, Aurantiporus quality is unstable. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an optimal cultivation technology for the factory management of Aurantiporus. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problem in the prior art that Aurantiporus cultivation largely depends on manual experience, leading to unstable Aurantiporus quality, the present application provides a cultivation method of Aurantiporus. The present application significantly shortens the Aurantiporus fruiting body primordium formation time, improves the Aurantiporus color changing effect and yield by applying different intensities of blue and red mixed light to Aurantiporus cultivation bags at different growth stages of Aurantiporus and combining with the regulation of Aurantiporus growth environment, which is convenient for factory cultivation and has high popularization and application value.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the present application is:

[0006] A cultivation method of Aurantiporus, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, preparing Aurantiporus cultivation bags;

[0008] S2, the gold ear cultivation bag is placed in a constant temperature, dark culture room for culture until the end of the post-mature management period;

[0009] S3, entering the primordium formation period and ear base swelling period management, during the culture process of the primordium formation period and ear base swelling period, the mixed light with wavelength of 410nm-430nm blue light and wavelength of 645nm-675nm red light is intermittently irradiated to the ear-out side of the cultivation bag;

[0010] S4, entering the color change period management, the mixed light with increasing light intensity gradient is irradiated to the ear-out side of the cultivation bag, after the irradiation is finished, entering the dark culture, repeating the gradient light irradiation and dark culture until the end of the color change period, and harvesting the gold ear fruiting body.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the cultivation method of the gold ear provided by the present application uses the red and blue mixed light for intermittent irradiation during the primordium formation period and the ear base swelling management period of the gold ear, and uses the red and blue mixed light with increasing light intensity gradient for irradiation during the color change period, which effectively shortens the primordium formation time of the gold ear fruiting body, improves the color change effect and yield of the gold ear, and significantly improves the crude polysaccharide and essential amino acid content of the gold ear fruiting body. The yield and quality of the gold ear fruiting body produced by the cultivation method of the present application are stable, and the factory cultivation can be easily realized, which has high popularization and application value.

[0012] Further, S1 is specifically: the cultivation substrate is mixed uniformly and loaded into the culture bag, sterilized, inoculated with the gold ear and the Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and the gold ear cultivation bag is obtained.

[0013] Specifically, the culture medium of the gold ear and the Phanerochaete chrysosporium is PDA culture medium, and the substrate of the cultivation bag is composed of 40% fine sawdust, 28% cotton seed hulls, 10% corn powder, 20% wheat bran, 1% white sugar and 1% gypsum, and the water content of the culture substrate is 65%.

[0014] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the polypropylene culture bag is used to cultivate the gold ear and the Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and the weight of the cultivation substrate in each culture bag is 1250g; the sterilization pressure is 0.125KPa, the sterilization temperature is 121℃, and the sterilization time is 2h.

[0015] Further, S2 is specifically: the gold ear cultivation bag is placed in a constant temperature culture room with temperature of 20℃-24℃ and humidity of 40%-60% for culture, the carbon dioxide concentration is maintained at 400ppm-800ppm, when the mycelium covers 70%-80% of the volume of the culture medium in the culture bag, the temperature of the constant temperature culture room is adjusted to 15℃-18℃, and the culture is continued for 7d-10d after the mycelium completely covers the culture medium in the culture bag, and then the post-mature management is entered.

[0016] The preferred control of culture conditions (temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration) is conducive to the full germination of the yeast-like spores of the golden ear, avoids the excessive growth of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium mycelium, and also improves the efficiency of the golden ear strain and reduces the disease during the process of the mycelium.

[0017] It should be noted that the original base formation period management is to direct the ear side of the golden ear cultivation bag to the light source and the light is uniform and unobstructed.

[0018] Further, in S3, the temperature of the original base formation period management is 16-20°C, the air humidity is 50-60%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is maintained at 800-1000ppm.

[0019] Specifically, during the original base formation period, when the golden ear original base diameter is 2-3cm, a sterilized small knife is used to ring cut the opening around the original base, so that the original base is completely exposed from the closed cultivation bag.

[0020] Further, in S3, the temperature of the ear base swelling period management is 18-22°C, the air humidity is 75-80%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is maintained at 400-600ppm.

[0021] The preferred culture conditions of the original base formation period and the ear base swelling period are conducive to shortening the original base formation time and increasing the overall diameter of the golden ear fruiting body, thereby shortening the culture period of the golden ear fruiting body and improving the yield of the golden ear fruiting body.

[0022] Further, in S3, the specific way of intermittently irradiating the cultivation bag is: using the mixed light to irradiate the original base growth area, so that the area receives the light quantum flux density of the mixed light of 1-2μmol.m -2 .s -1 -2μmol.m -2 .s -1 , the irradiation time is 1-1.5h, and then dark culture for 4.5-5h; then increase the light quantum flux density of the mixed light to 3-4μmol.m -2 .s -1 -4μmol.m -2 .s -1 , irradiation for 1-1.5h, and then dark culture for 4.5-5h; repeat the above light irradiation method to complete the management of the original base formation period and the ear base swelling period, respectively.

[0023] By using the above intermittent light irradiation method during the original base formation period and the ear base swelling period, the earing rate can be effectively improved, the surface fruiting layer development of the golden ear can be promoted, and the overall diameter of the golden ear fruiting body can be increased.

[0024] Specifically, in S3, the golden ear original base grows to a diameter of 5-7cm and enters the color change period management.

[0025] Furthermore, in S4, a photon flux density of 4 μmol·m⁻¹ is used. -2 .s -1 ~8μmol.m -2 .s -1 8 μmol.m -2 .s -1 ~12μmol.m -2 .s -1 12 μmol·m -2 .s -1 ~16μmol.m -2 .s -1 Irradiate one side of the cultivation bag with mixed light for 2 to 2.5 hours at each gradient. After irradiation, the bag is placed in darkness for 4.5 to 6 hours. Repeat the above cultivation method until the color change period is completed.

[0026] Furthermore, in S4, the temperature for color change management is 18°C ​​to 22°C, the carbon dioxide concentration is maintained at 400ppm to 600ppm, the air humidity is controlled at 85% to 90% during mixed light irradiation, and the air humidity is controlled at 50% to 60% during dark culture.

[0027] During the color-changing period, the above-mentioned method of light exposure is used to stimulate the mycelium to undergo a color-changing reaction, making the outer surface of the fruiting body of the golden ear fungus bright yellow. This ensures the uniformity of the golden ear fungus's characteristics and maturity, thus facilitating the acquisition of high-yield, fully and uniformly color-changing golden ear fungus fruiting bodies.

[0028] Furthermore, S4 also includes: spraying nutrient solution onto the surface of the auricularia primordia after completing the first gradient light and dark culture treatment.

[0029] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, an adjustable LED light source is used to irradiate the golden ear fungus with a mixture of red and blue light at different growth stages.

[0030] LED light sources have higher energy efficiency, lower energy consumption, longer lifespan, wider wavelength range, adjustable light intensity, and low heat generation when emitting light. Using adjustable LED light sources for illumination not only facilitates precise control of light intensity but also helps reduce energy consumption, making it easier to achieve energy-saving and high-quality cultivation of golden ear fungus.

[0031] Furthermore, the method for preparing the nutrient solution includes the following steps: adding peeled corn kernels, the remaining dry culture medium in the cultivation bag after the golden ear has emerged, and wheat bran to water, soaking and boiling, filtering, adding glucose, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and vitamin B1 to the obtained filtrate, mixing evenly, sterilizing, and obtaining the nutrient solution.

[0032] After the first gradient light and dark culture treatment is completed, the nutritional liquid is sprayed on the surface of the golden ear primordium, so that the nutritional liquid can ensure sufficient nutrition during the development of the golden ear fruiting body and improve the quality and yield of the golden ear fruiting body.

[0033] Specifically, the mass ratio of the peeled corn kernels, the remaining dry culture medium in the cultivation bag after the golden ear is cultivated, bran, glucose, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and vitamin B1 is 100:50:20:10:1.5:2:0.5.

[0034] Specifically, the ratio of water to peeled corn kernels is 1L:100g, and the soaking and cooking time is 20min-30min.

[0035] Specifically, the sterilization pressure is 0.125KPa, the sterilization temperature is 121℃, and the sterilization time is 20min.

[0036] It should be noted that subsequent cultivation is carried out according to the above method until the golden ear fruiting layer turns golden yellow and covers the entire surface of the fruiting body, and the golden ear ear lobe is fully expanded, which is considered to be the maturation of the fruiting body, and then a sterilized knife is used to cut off the golden ear base close to the golden ear base for harvesting.

[0037] The golden ear cultivation method provided by the present application effectively promotes the formation of the golden ear fruiting body primordium and the increase of the overall diameter of the golden ear fruiting body, and fully stimulates the color change reaction of the mycelium during the color change period, so that the golden ear fruiting body has good properties and a short growth cycle, and fundamentally solves the problems of unstable yield and quality in the existing golden ear cultivation technology, meets the needs of modern agricultural fine management and high-efficiency output, and is suitable for factory cultivation of golden ear and popularization, which has important significance for promoting the upgrading and development of the golden ear cultivation industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0039] In order to better illustrate the present application, the following examples are further illustrated.

[0040] The pure culture strains of Chrysosporium and Phanerochaete in the following examples were obtained by using the conventional methods in the art. The mother culture medium was PDA medium, and the original culture medium and the cultivation medium were composed of 40% fine sawdust, 28% cotton seed hulls, 10% corn flour, 20% wheat bran, 1% white sugar and 1% gypsum, and the water content of the cultivation medium was 65%. After the cultivation medium was completely mixed by using a stirring device, the pre-wetted cultivation medium was loaded into a polypropylene cultivation bag, the weight of each bag was 1250g, and the cultivation bag was sterilized at 0.125KPa and 121℃ for 2h. After the cultivation bag was cooled at room temperature in a sterile environment, the Chrysosporium and the associated Phanerochaete strain culture was inoculated.

[0041] The preparation method of the exogenous nutrient solution used in the following examples was as follows:

[0042] 100g peeled corn kernels, 50g of the remaining cultivation medium in the cultivation bag after the Chrysosporium was taken out, and 20g of bran were weighed, 1L of water was added, and the mixture was boiled for 20min. After filtration, 10g of glucose, 1.5g of magnesium sulfate, 2g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5g of vitamin B1 were added to the filtrate and uniformly mixed. The mixture was sterilized at 0.125KPa and 121℃ for 20min, and was ready for use.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] The present example provides a cultivation method of Chrysosporium, which comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1, after inoculation, the cultivation bag was placed on a single-layer shelf in a constant-temperature culture room at 22℃ with the inoculation port upward, the air humidity was maintained at 50-55%, the ventilation was good, the carbon dioxide concentration was maintained at 600-700ppm, and the cultivation was carried out in the dark until the mycelium covered 70-75% of the volume of the cultivation medium in the cultivation bag. The indoor temperature was adjusted to 16℃, and the remaining management was the same as above. After the mycelium completely covered the cultivation medium in the cultivation bag, the cultivation was continued for 8d, and the post-maturation management was carried out according to the conventional technology until the post-maturation cultivation was completed.

[0046] S2, the cultivation bag was transferred to a culture room with a temperature of 18℃, the indoor air humidity was controlled at 53-56%, the carbon dioxide concentration was maintained at 850-950ppm, and the cultivation bag was irradiated with mixed light of blue light with a wavelength of 420nm and red light with a wavelength of 660nm on the side where the Chrysosporium was taken out. During the cultivation, this side was completely directed to the light source and the light was uniform without any obstruction. The specific light irradiation conditions were as follows: the original base growth area was irradiated with red and blue mixed light, and the light quantum flux density of the mixed light received by the area was 1.5μmol.m -2 .s -1 The irradiation time was 1h, and then the dark cultivation was carried out for 5h. Then the light quantum flux density of the mixed light was increased to 3.5μmol.m -2 .s -1, then dark incubation for 5h; cultivate according to the above operation, 2 cycles within 24h, and after the primordium of the golden ear fungus grows to 2-3cm in diameter, cut the opening around the primordium with a sterilized knife, and make the primordium completely exposed from the closed cultivation bag;

[0047] S3, after the opening is completed, enter the expansion period management of the golden ear fungus, adjust the indoor temperature to 20℃, increase the air humidity to 75-78%, keep the indoor ventilation to maintain the carbon dioxide concentration at 450-550ppm, and use the same red-blue mixed light as above to irradiate the primordium growth area, so that the area receives the light quantum flux density of 1.5μmol.m -2 .s -1 , irradiation time is 1h, then dark incubation for 5h; then increase the light quantum flux density of the mixed light to 3.5μmol.m -2 .s -1 , irradiation time is 1h, then dark incubation for 5h; cultivate according to the above operation, 2 cycles within 24h, and after the primordium of the golden ear fungus grows to 5-7cm in diameter, enter the color changing period;

[0048] S4, control the indoor temperature at 20℃, keep the indoor ventilation to maintain the carbon dioxide concentration at 450-550ppm, and use the same red-blue mixed light as above to irradiate the ear side of the cultivation bag, and irradiate the primordium growth area of the cultivation bag according to three light intensity gradients in turn, the specific steps are as follows: use the mixed light with light quantum flux density of 6μmol.m -2 .s -1 , 10μmol.m -2 .s -1 , 14μmol.m -2 .s -1 in turn, irradiate the ear side of the cultivation bag for 2h respectively, there is no time interval in each irradiation process, and after the irradiation is completed, enter the dark management, and the dark incubation time is 6h; perform 2 cycles within 24h; use the air humidifier in mist mode to keep the air humidity at 87-89% while irradiating, the humidification time is consistent with the irradiation time, stop heating during the dark treatment process to reduce the indoor humidity to 54-58%, increase the ventilation frequency, and control the carbon dioxide concentration at 420-450ppm;

[0049] Among them, during the dark treatment process after the completion of the first irradiation treatment cycle, uniformly spray the exogenous nutrient solution on the surface of the golden ear fungus, the spraying amount is 1.5mL per sub-fruitlet surface, spray once a day, and continuously spray for 10 days;

[0050] S5, the subsequent culture is carried out according to the method of S4 until the fruit layer of the golden ear becomes golden yellow and covers the whole surface of the fruit body, and the golden ear lobe is fully unfolded, which is regarded as the maturation of the fruit body, and then the sterilized small knife is used to cut off the golden ear close to the base for harvesting.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The present embodiment provides a cultivation method of golden ear, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1, after inoculation, the cultivation bag is placed on the single-layer shelf of the constant-temperature culture room at 20℃ with the inoculation port upward, the air humidity is kept at 40-50%, the ventilation is good, the carbon dioxide concentration is kept at 400ppm-500ppm, and the mycelium is cultured in the dark until it covers 72-74% of the volume of the culture medium in the cultivation bag, the indoor temperature is adjusted to 18℃, and the rest is managed as above, and after the mycelium completely covers the culture medium in the cultivation bag, it is continuously cultured for 10d, and the post-mature management is carried out according to the conventional technology until the post-mature culture is completed;

[0054] S2, enter the primordium formation period management, transfer the cultivation bag to the culture room with a temperature of 16℃, control the indoor air humidity at 55-60%, keep the carbon dioxide concentration at 800-900ppm, and use the mixed light of wavelength 410nm blue light and 645nm red light to irradiate the ear side of the cultivation bag, which is completely towards the light source and uniformly irradiated without shielding during cultivation, and the specific light irradiation conditions are as follows: use the red-blue mixed light to irradiate the primordium growth area, so that the light quantum flux density of the mixed light received by the area is 1μmol.m -2 .s -1 , the irradiation time is 1.5h, and then dark culture for 4.5h; then increase the light quantum flux density of the mixed light to 3μmol.m -2 .s -1 , irradiate for 1.5h, and then dark culture for 4.5h; according to the above operation, 2 cycles per 24h, the cultivation management is carried out, and after the golden ear primordium diameter is 2-3cm, the primordium is cut open around the primordium ring with a sterilized small knife, so that the primordium is completely exposed from the closed cultivation bag;

[0055] S3, after the opening is completed, enter the golden ear swelling period management, adjust the indoor temperature to 18℃, increase the air humidity to 76-79%, keep the indoor ventilation so that the carbon dioxide concentration is kept at 400-480ppm, and use the same red-blue mixed light as above to irradiate the primordium growth area, so that the light quantum flux density of the mixed light received by the area is 1μmol.m -2 .s -1 , the irradiation time is 1.5h, and then dark culture for 4.5h; then increase the light quantum flux density of the mixed light to 3μmol.m-2 .s -1 , irradiation for 1.5h, then dark culture for 4.5h; the culture management was performed according to the above operation, 2 cycles within 24h, until the primordium of the golden ear grew to 5-7cm in diameter and entered the color changing stage;

[0056] S4, the indoor temperature was controlled at 18℃, the indoor ventilation was maintained to keep the carbon dioxide concentration at 400-480ppm, the same red-blue mixed light as above was used to irradiate the ear side of the cultivation bag, and the primordium growth area of the cultivation bag was irradiated with mixed light in three light intensity gradients in sequence, the specific steps were as follows: the ear side of the cultivation bag was irradiated with mixed light with light quantum flux density of 4μmol.m -2 .s -1 , 8μmol.m -2 .s -1 , 12μmol.m -2 .s -1 , respectively, each gradient was irradiated for 2.5h, there was no time interval during each irradiation treatment, and after the irradiation, dark management was performed, and the dark culture time was 4.5h; 2 cycles were performed within 24h; at the same time of the light treatment, a mist type air humidifier was used, the humidity of the humidified air was 85-88%, the humidification treatment time was consistent with the irradiation time, the humidification was stopped during the dark treatment, the indoor humidity was reduced to 56-60%, the ventilation frequency was increased, and the carbon dioxide concentration was controlled at 400-430ppm;

[0057] Among them, during the dark treatment after the completion of the first light treatment cycle, the surface of the golden ear was uniformly sprayed with exogenous nutrient solution, the spraying amount was 2mL per fruit body surface, the spraying was performed once a day, and the spraying was continuously performed for 15d;

[0058] S5, the subsequent culture was performed according to the method of S4, until the fruit layer of the golden ear turned into golden yellow and covered the entire surface of the fruit body, and when the ear lobe of the golden ear was fully unfolded, it was considered that the fruit body was mature, and then a sterilized knife was used to cut off the golden ear close to the base for harvesting.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] The present embodiment provides a cultivation method of golden ear, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1, after inoculation, the cultivation bag is placed on the single layer shelf of the constant temperature culture room at 24℃, with air humidity of 55-60%, good ventilation, and carbon dioxide concentration of 700-800ppm, cultured in dark until the mycelium covers 75-80% of the volume of the cultivation medium in the cultivation bag, the indoor temperature is adjusted to 15℃, and the rest is managed as above, until the mycelium completely covers the cultivation medium in the cultivation bag, and then cultured for another 7 days, and the post-maturation management is carried out according to the conventional technology until the post-maturation culture is completed;

[0062] S2, enter the primordium formation period management, transfer the cultivation bag to the culture room with a temperature of 20℃, control the indoor air humidity to 50-55%, and keep the carbon dioxide concentration at 900-1000ppm, use mixed light with wavelength of 430nm blue light and 675nm red light to irradiate the ear side of the cultivation bag, and the whole side is directed to the light source during culture and the light is uniform without obstruction, the specific light conditions are as follows: use red and blue mixed light to irradiate the primordium growth area, so that the light quantum flux density of the mixed light received by the area is 2μmol.m -2 .s -1 , irradiate for 1h, then dark culture for 5h; then increase the light quantum flux density of the mixed light to 4μmol.m -2 .s -1 , irradiate for 1h, then dark culture for 5h; according to the above operation, 2 cycles per 24h, the culture management is carried out, and after the primordium diameter is 2-3cm, the primordium is completely exposed from the closed cultivation bag by cutting the opening around the primordium with a sterilized knife;

[0063] S3, after the opening is completed, enter the golden ear swelling period management, adjust the indoor temperature to 22℃, increase the air humidity to 76-80%, keep the indoor ventilation to keep the carbon dioxide concentration at 550-600ppm, and use the same red and blue mixed light as above to irradiate the primordium growth area, so that the light quantum flux density of the mixed light received by the area is 2μmol.m -2 .s -1 , irradiate for 1h, then dark culture for 5h; then increase the light quantum flux density of the mixed light to 4μmol.m -2 .s -1 , irradiate for 1h, then dark culture for 5h; according to the above operation, 2 cycles per 24h, the culture management is carried out, and after the primordium diameter is 2-3cm, the primordium is completely exposed from the closed cultivation bag by cutting the opening around the primordium with a sterilized knife;

[0064] S4, control indoor temperature 22℃, keep indoor ventilation to keep carbon dioxide concentration at 550-600ppm, use the same red and blue mixed light as above to irradiate the ear side of the cultivation bag, irradiate the mixed light of the cultivation bag ear side according to three light intensity gradients in turn, the specific steps are: use the mixed light with light quantum flux density of 8μmol.m -2 .s -1 , 12μmol.m -2 .s -1 , 16μmol.m -2 .s -1 in turn, each gradient is irradiated for 2h, there is no time interval during each irradiation treatment, after irradiation, enter dark management, dark culture time is 6h; each 24h hour is 2 cycles; use air humidifier for misting at the same time of light treatment, the humidity of the humidified air is 86-90%, the humidification treatment time is consistent with the light time, stop humidification during dark treatment, reduce the indoor humidity to 50-55%, increase the ventilation frequency, control the carbon dioxide concentration at 460-500ppm;

[0065] Among them, during the dark treatment after the completion of the first light treatment cycle, the exogenous nutrient solution is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the golden ear, the spraying amount is 1.5mL per fruiting body surface, sprayed once a day, continuously sprayed for 12d;

[0066] S5, follow the method of S4 for subsequent culture until the golden ear fruiting layer becomes golden yellow and covers the entire fruiting body surface, when the golden ear lobe fully expands, it is considered that the fruiting body is mature, then cut off the golden ear close to the base with a sterilized knife for harvesting.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] In order to compare the effect of exogenous nutrient solution on the growth of golden ear fruiting body, the following three groups of comparative tests were carried out, the cultivation method of golden ear is exactly the same as that of Example 1, the only difference is that the light source used is white light source (4500k white light LED lamp), the light intensity and the light time, the light time are exactly the same as those of Example 1.

[0069] Table 1 Effect of different exogenous liquid spraying treatment on the average growth length of golden ear fruiting body diameter

[0070]

[0071] Note: Different lowercase letters represent significant difference between data of each treatment when P<0.05.

[0072] The results show that spraying exogenous nutrient solution can significantly promote the growth rate of golden ear fruiting body.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] In order to compare the effects of different light sources on the growth of Auricularia auricula fruiting bodies, the following three groups of comparative tests were carried out. The cultivation method of Auricularia auricula was exactly the same as in Example 1, and the only difference was that different light sources were used. The light intensity and the light duration and timing were exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0075] Table 2 Comparison of primordium formation time of Auricularia auricula fruiting bodies under different light source treatments (time is calculated from the start of management)

[0076] Light quality Time of primordium initiation / d White 18.60±2.07a Blue 14.60±1.14b Red 15.20±1.48b Red+blue mixed 11.20±1.30c

[0077] Note: Different lowercase letters represent significant differences between data of each treatment when P < 0.05.

[0078] Table 3 Statistics of Auricularia auricula fruiting body color change under different light treatments

[0079] Light quality Days required for color change / d Number of first-class products Average color index White light 20-30 75％ ++ Blue light 12-16 85％ +++ Red light 24-35 40％ + Red+blue mixed light 15-22 90％ +++

[0080] Note: The average color index is represented by "+" and the number of symbols specifically represents the color depth.

[0081] Table 4 Average single weight of Auricularia auricula fruiting bodies under different light treatments (first tide)

[0082] Light quality Average weight of single fruit / g White light 310.97±42.17b Blue light 296.59±32.28c Red light 315.41±24.88ab Red+blue mixed light 333.39±44.40a

[0083] Note: Different lowercase letters represent significant differences between data of each treatment when P < 0.05.

[0084] Determination of nutritional quality of Auricularia auricula fruiting bodies

[0085] Select 10 Auricularia auricula fruiting bodies under different light treatments as described above, mix the fresh fruiting bodies after slicing with a sterilized knife, dry, accurately weigh 100 g, and determine the content of 16 kinds of amino acids according to the standard GB 5009.124-2016, and determine the content of crude polysaccharide using the method of NY / T 1676-2008. According to the relevant data, calculate the proportion of essential amino acids to total amino acids and other parameters, and calculate the amino acid score and essential amino acid index according to the relevant formula. The results are shown in Tables 5-6.

[0086] Essential amino acids / non-essential amino acids (EAA / NEAA) = total amount of essential amino acids / total amount of non-essential amino acids x 100%;

[0087] Essential amino acids / total amino acids (EAA / TAA) = total amount of essential amino acids / total amount of amino acids x 100%

[0088] Essential amino acid index (EAAI) can reflect the degree of closeness of essential amino acid content to standard protein,

[0089] In the above formula, n is the total number of essential amino acids; AAp is the content of a certain essential amino acid; AAe is the content of essential amino acid in the standard reference protein.

[0090] Table 5 Influence of different light treatments on nutritional quality of fruiting bodies of Tremella aurantiaca

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Table 6 Influence of different light treatments on the content of crude polysaccharide in fruiting bodies of Tremella aurantiaca

[0094] Light quality Crude polysaccharide content of fruit / g / 100g White light 36.78 Blue light 41.00 Red light 39.29 Red+blue mixed light 44.93

[0095] It can be seen that the cultivation method of Tremella aurantiaca provided in the embodiments of the present application can significantly shorten the time for primordium formation of Tremella aurantiaca, improve the yield of Tremella aurantiaca, increase the content of crude polysaccharide by 22.16% compared with conventional techniques, and the evaluation parameters of related amino acids are also obviously better than those of the existing conventional techniques, which proves that the cultivation method of Tremella aurantiaca provided in the present application has high application value for further optimizing the industrialized high-quality cultivation technique of Tremella aurantiaca, and has important significance for promoting the upgrading and development of the cultivation industry of Tremella aurantiaca.

[0096] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cultivation method of Auricularia auricula, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a gold ear cultivation bag; S2, placing the gold ear cultivation bag in a constant temperature, dark culture room for cultivation until the end of the maturation management period; S3, entering the primordium formation period and ear base swelling period management, during the cultivation of the primordium formation period and ear base swelling period, the out-ear side of the cultivation bag is intermittently irradiated with mixed light with a wavelength of 410-430 nm blue light and 645-675 nm red light; S4, entering the color change period management, the out-ear side of the cultivation bag is irradiated with the mixed light with a gradient increase in light intensity, after the irradiation is completed, entering dark culture, repeating the gradient light irradiation and dark culture until the end of the color change period, and harvesting the gold ear fruiting body; In S3, the specific way of intermittently irradiating the cultivation bag is: using the mixed light to irradiate the primordium growth area, so that the area receives the light quantum flux density of 1 μmol.m -2 .s -1 ~ 2 μmol.m - 2 s -1 , irradiation time is 1 h to 1.5 h, and then dark culture for 4.5 h to 5 h; then increase the light quantum flux density of the mixed light to 3 μmol.m -2 .s -1 - 4 μmol.m -2 .s -1 1 h to 1.5 h, and then dark culture for 4.5 h to 5 h; repeat the above light irradiation to complete the management of the primordium formation period and the ear base swelling period, respectively.

2. The cultivation method of gold ear according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 specifically comprises: uniformly mixing the cultivation substrate, sterilizing, inoculating the gold ear and the coriolus versicolor, and obtaining the gold ear cultivation bag.

3. The cultivation method of gold ear according to claim 1, wherein S2 specifically comprises: placing the gold ear cultivation bag in a constant temperature culture room with a temperature of 20-24°C and a humidity of 40-60%, maintaining the carbon dioxide concentration at 400-800 ppm, when the mycelium covers 70-80% of the volume of the cultivation material in the cultivation bag, adjusting the temperature of the constant temperature culture room to 15-18°C, continuing to cultivate for 7-10 days after the mycelium completely covers the cultivation material in the cultivation bag, and entering the maturation management.

4. The cultivation method of gold ear according to claim 1, wherein In S3, the temperature of the primordium formation period management is 16-20°C, the air humidity is 50-60%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is maintained at 800-1000 ppm.

5. The cultivation method of gold ear according to claim 1, wherein In S3, the temperature of the ear base swelling period management is 18-22°C, the air humidity is 75-80%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is maintained at 400-600 ppm.

6. The cultivation method of gold ear according to claim 1, wherein In S4, the photon flux density is 4 μmol·m⁻¹. -2 .s -1 ~8μmol.m -2 .s -1 8 μmol.m -2 .s -1 ~12μmol.m -2 .s -1 12 μmol·m -2 .s -1 ~16μmol.m -2 .s -1 Irradiate one side of the cultivation bag with mixed light for 2 to 2.5 hours at each gradient. After irradiation, the bag is placed in darkness for 4.5 to 6 hours. Repeat the above cultivation method until the color change period is completed.

7. The cultivation method of gold ear according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, In S4, the temperature of the color change period management is 18-22°C, the carbon dioxide concentration is maintained at 400-600 ppm, the air humidity is controlled at 85-90% during the mixed light irradiation process, and the air humidity is controlled at 50-60% during the dark culture process.

8. The method for cultivating the gold ear according to claim 1, wherein In S4, it further comprises: after completing the first gradient light irradiation and dark culture treatment, spraying a nutrient solution to the surface of the gold ear primordium.

9. The method for cultivating the gold ear according to claim 8, wherein The preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: adding peeled corn kernels, the remaining dry cultivation material in the cultivation bag after the gold ear is out, and bran into water, soaking and cooking, filtering, adding glucose, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and vitamin B1 into the obtained filtrate, uniformly mixing, sterilizing, and obtaining the nutrient solution.

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