Neodymium iron boron waste filtering and recycling equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a neodymium iron boron waste filtering and recycling equipment, which comprises a filter screen, characterized in that the upper surface of the filter screen is uniformly provided with at least four conical magnets, the lower end of each conical magnet is fixedly connected with a small shaft, a conical waste discharge hopper is arranged on the lower surface of the filter screen, the lower end of the conical waste discharge hopper is fixedly connected with a cavity main shaft, a driving main body is arranged for driving the cavity main shaft to rotate, a transmission mechanism is arranged between the cavity main shaft and the small shaft, and the transmission mechanism can drive the small shaft to rotate. The conical magnets are arranged on the upper surface of the filter screen, can magnetically attract permanent magnets in the original solution, the cavity main shaft can rotate, the transmission mechanism is arranged between the main shaft and the small shaft arranged below the conical magnets, the conical magnets can rotate around the sun and rotate around themselves, when the conical magnets rotate around themselves, the outer surface of the conical magnets can magnetically attract permanent magnets at all positions, permanent magnets can be collected, the recycling of the permanent magnets is ensured to be complete, and a single driving mechanism can realize the rotation around the sun and the rotation around the self, and resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) recycling technology, specifically to a NdFeB waste filtration and recycling device. Background Technology

[0002] Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets are third-generation rare earth materials with a wide range of applications. Due to their high energy product and high coercivity, NdFeB is known as the "King of Magnets." NdFeB contains a large amount of the rare earth element neodymium, as well as iron and boron, and is characterized by its hardness and brittleness. Because its surface is highly susceptible to oxidation and corrosion, NdFeB requires surface coating treatment; surface chemical passivation is one effective solution. Generally, the preparation of NdFeB involves steps such as smelting, powdering, mixing, encapsulation, and sintering. During the preparation process, a large amount of NdFeB powder remains. If this powder could be collected and recycled, it would generate significant economic benefits.

[0003] In existing technologies, NdFeB recycling generally employs extraction methods. Most current methods for removing impurities from NdFeB waste involve atmospheric pressure leaching. Figure 1 As shown, NdFeB waste is first acid-washed inside the acid washing chamber, then dissolved in nitric acid inside the dissolving chamber, and then impurities are removed by a filter. After filtration, it is mixed with the extractant inside the mixing chamber. After mixing, the two are sent to the extraction chamber for extraction. After extraction, the generated rare earth chloride and liquid can be discharged separately. However, the current extraction inside the extraction box is difficult to completely separate solid and liquid. The liquid contains a large number of permanent magnets, and the complete discharge of liquid waste containing permanent magnets leads to waste.

[0004] There are also methods that directly filter the liquid, but this direct filtration method makes it difficult to collect solid permanent magnets. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device to solve the problem mentioned in the background art, which makes it difficult to collect solid permanent magnets due to the method of directly filtering the liquid with a filter.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device, comprising a filter screen, characterized in that: at least four conical magnets are uniformly arranged on the upper surface of the filter screen, and a small shaft is fixed at the lower end of the conical magnet;

[0007] A conical waste discharge hopper is installed on the lower surface of the filter screen, and a hollow main shaft is fixedly connected to the lower end of the conical waste discharge hopper;

[0008] A drive body is provided to drive the cavity main shaft to rotate. A transmission mechanism is provided between the cavity main shaft and the small shaft, and the transmission mechanism can drive the small shaft to rotate.

[0009] The filter screen has at least three scrapers, which are spaced apart on one side of the filter screen.

[0010] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a fixed gear rotatably mounted on the upper end of the cavity main shaft via bearings, drive gears a disposed on both sides of the fixed gear, and a belt a that drives and connects the fixed gear and the drive gear a. The small shaft includes a driven small shaft and a driving small shaft fixed at the center of the drive gear a. A drive gear b is inserted and fixed in the middle of the driving small shaft. The driven gear and the drive gear b are evenly arranged below the filter screen, and a belt b drives and connects the drive gear b and the driven gear. The driven small shaft is fixed in the middle of the driven gear.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a processing chamber, in which the conical magnet, filter screen, scraper and transmission mechanism are all located. L-shaped brackets are fixed on both sides of the lower surface of the fixed gear, and the other end of the brackets is fixed to the inner wall of the processing chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, a mounting housing is fixed below the filter screen. The top surface of the mounting housing is an open surface, and the lower end surface of the mounting housing is a sealed surface. The lower end of the mounting housing is fixed on the cavity main shaft, and the lower end of the small shaft is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting housing through a bearing.

[0013] Furthermore, a liquid inlet is installed on the top surface of the processing chamber away from the scraper, the cavity of the cavity main shaft is set as a waste outlet, a reserved cavity is provided on the inner wall of the processing chamber at a position corresponding to the scraper, and a discharge port is opened at the lower end of the processing chamber near the scraper.

[0014] Furthermore, a downwardly extending partition is fixedly installed on the top surface of the processing chamber, with the bottom surface of the partition located on the upper surface of the filter screen.

[0015] Furthermore, the conical waste hopper has a first through hole for the small shaft to pass through, and the filter screen has a second through hole for the small shaft to pass through. The small shaft and the conical waste hopper, as well as the small shaft and the filter screen, are rotatably connected by bearings.

[0016] Furthermore, the drive body includes a secondary gear fixed to the circumference of the central part of the cavity main shaft, a primary gear meshing with one side of the secondary gear, and a drive motor installed at the bottom of the processing chamber for driving the primary gear to rotate.

[0017] Furthermore, a support leg is installed below the outer surface of the processing chamber.

[0018] Furthermore, the side of the scraper closest to the filter screen has the same inclination as the conical magnet.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. This invention features a filter screen with a conical magnet on its upper surface. As the filter solution moves downwards, the magnet can magnetically attract permanent magnets in the solution. Any permanent magnets that are not attracted can reach the filter screen and be filtered. The permanent magnets can also attract the permanent magnets on the filter screen. This not only collects the permanent magnets but also prevents the permanent magnets on the filter screen from clogging the mesh and preventing further filtration. This makes the process more convenient.

[0021] 2. The hollow main shaft of the present invention can rotate. A transmission mechanism is set between the main shaft and the small shaft installed below the conical magnet. The filter screen can be driven to rotate by the hollow main shaft, so that it can filter evenly. The transmission mechanism can drive the small shaft to rotate, so that the conical magnet can rotate on its own axis while revolving around the sun. When it rotates, it can magnetically attract permanent magnets at all positions on its outer surface, ensuring that the permanent magnets are completely recovered. A single drive mechanism can realize both revolution and rotation, saving resources.

[0022] 3. The present invention is equipped with a scraper, which can scrape off the permanent magnet on the conical magnet and discharge it from the discharge port to ensure the repeated use of the conical magnet and ensure the service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is an external view of a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the processing chamber in a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device of the present invention without the installation of a treatment chamber;

[0027] Figure 5 This invention relates to a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure without the scraper installed and the mounting shell;

[0028] Figure 6 This invention relates to a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device. Figure 5 The middle part is a schematic diagram of the structure for installing the conical magnet;

[0029] Figure 7This is an exploded view of the filter screen and conical waste discharge hopper in a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism in a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the installation positions of the small shaft and the conical magnet in a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Liquid inlet; 2. Support leg; 3. Processing chamber; 31. Discharge port; 32. Reserved cavity; 4. Cavity main shaft; 5. Drive body; 51. Drive motor; 52. Primary gear; 53. Secondary gear; 6. Conical magnet; 7. Filter screen; 8. Mounting housing; 9. Scraper; 10. Partition; 11. Conical waste hopper; 12. Small shaft; 121. Driving small shaft; 122. Driven small shaft; 13. Transmission mechanism; 131. Fixed gear; 132. Drive gear a; 133. Belt a; 134. Belt b; 135. Drive gear b; 136. Driven gear; 14. Support. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device, including a processing chamber 3, a support leg 2 that can support the processing chamber 3 to a certain height is installed below the outer surface of the processing chamber 3, and an inlet 1 that can feed in the filter raw liquid is installed on one side of the top surface of the processing chamber 3.

[0035] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a filter screen 7 is provided above the interior of the processing chamber 3, and a conical waste discharge hopper 11 is fixedly installed below the filter screen 7. That is, the raw filtrate fed in from the liquid inlet 1 can be filtered by one side of the filter screen 7. The permanent magnet is filtered and remains on the upper surface of the filter screen 7, while the liquid passes through the filter screen 7 and flows down into the conical waste discharge hopper 11. A cavity main shaft 4 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the conical waste discharge hopper 11. The cavity of the cavity main shaft 4 is set as a waste discharge port, that is, the filtrate inside the conical waste discharge hopper 11 can be discharged through the waste discharge port.

[0036] like Figure 6In order to maximize the filtration area of ​​the filter screen 7, the device is equipped with a drive body 5. The drive body 5 is used to drive the cavity main shaft 4 to rotate. With the rotation of the cavity main shaft 4, the filter screen 7 and the conical waste discharge hopper 11 rotate together. During the rotation of the filter screen 7, it can achieve uniform filtration.

[0037] Combination Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in order to collect the permanent magnets in the filter stock and the permanent magnets filtered out from the upper surface of the filter screen 7, at least four conical magnets 6 (six in the figure) are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the filter screen 7. The conical magnets 6 can magnetically attract the permanent magnets inside the filter stock during the feeding process. A small shaft 12 is fixed to the lower end of the conical magnet 6. A transmission mechanism 13 is provided between the cavity main shaft 4 and the small shaft 12. The transmission mechanism 13 can drive the small shaft 12 to rotate. When the small shaft 12 rotates, the conical magnet 6 can rotate on its own, thus achieving the rotation of the conical magnet 6. When the conical magnet 6 rotates, it can magnetically attract the permanent magnets on the upper surface of the filter screen 7, thereby collecting the permanent magnets and preventing the permanent magnets from clogging the mesh of the filter screen 7.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in order to remove the permanent magnet attracted to the conical magnet 6 so that the conical magnet 6 can be reused, this device should include a scraper 9. There are at least three scrapers 9 (nine are shown in the figure), and the three scrapers 9 are spaced apart on the side of the filter screen 7 away from the liquid inlet 1. When the conical magnet 6 rotates together with the filter screen 7, it can be scraped off by the scraper 9 (the side of the scraper 9 near the filter screen 7 has the same inclination as the conical magnet 6 to ensure thorough scraping). Due to the rotation of the conical magnet 6, the scraper 9 can evenly remove the permanent magnet on the conical magnet 6 completely. Preferably, a reserved cavity 32 is provided on the inner wall of the processing chamber 3 at the position corresponding to the scraper 9 (the reserved cavity 32 is used to accommodate the scraper 9 and as a channel for the scraped permanent magnet to be discharged downward). A discharge port 31 is opened at the lower end of the processing chamber 3 near the scraper 9 for the final discharge of the permanent magnet. A conveyor belt can be set at the bottom of the processing chamber 3 to transport the discharged permanent magnet to the required position.

[0039] Combination Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, in order to achieve the rotation of all small shafts 12, the transmission mechanism 13 here includes a fixed gear 131 rotatably mounted on the upper end of the cavity main shaft 4 via bearings, a drive gear a132 set on both sides of the fixed gear 131, and a belt a133 that drives the fixed gear 131 and the drive gear a132. L-shaped brackets 14 are fixed on both sides of the lower surface of the fixed gear 131. The other end of the bracket 14 is fixed to the inner wall of the processing chamber 3. By rotating the cavity main shaft 4, the conical waste discharge hopper 11 drives each small shaft 12 to rotate along the cavity main shaft 4. When each small shaft 12 rotates, the drive gear a132 can revolve around the cavity main shaft 4 as the center. At this time, the belt a133 revolves along with it. Since the fixed gear 131 is stationary, the belt a133 rotates on its own, which in turn causes the drive gear a132 to rotate.

[0040] Continue to refer to Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The small shaft 12 here includes a driven small shaft 122 and a driving small shaft 121 fixed at the center of the driving gear a132. The driving small shaft 121 has a driving gear b135 inserted and fixed in the middle, so that when the driving gear a132 rotates, it can drive the driving small shaft 121 to rotate, thereby driving the driving gear b135 to rotate. The driven gear 136 and the driving gear b135 are evenly arranged below the filter screen 7 (the driven gear 136 and the driving gear b135 are not fundamentally different in structure; the difference is only for ease of description). Furthermore, a belt b134 is connected between the drive gear b135 and the driven gear 136. The driven small shaft 122 is fixed in the middle of the driven gear 136. When the drive gear b135 rotates, the driven gear 136 can be driven to rotate through the belt b134. Thus, the drive small shaft 121 and the driven small shaft 122 can rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of all the conical magnets 6. When the conical magnet 6 rotates, it can make every position on its outer surface contact the downward flowing liquid, which is convenient for magnetic attraction of permanent magnets.

[0041] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in this device, a downwardly extending baffle 10 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the processing chamber 3. The bottom surface of the baffle 10 is located on the upper surface of the filter screen 7. The baffle 10 can prevent the fed filter liquid from reaching the scraper 9 side.

[0042] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 8As shown, to achieve stable installation of the small shaft 12, a mounting housing 8 is fixed below the filter screen 7. The top surface of the mounting housing 8 is an open surface, and the lower end surface of the mounting housing 8 is a sealed surface. The lower end of the mounting housing 8 is fixed on the cavity main shaft 4. The lower end of the small shaft 12 is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting housing 8 via a bearing. Preferably, the conical waste discharge hopper 11 has a first through hole for the small shaft 12 to pass through, and the filter screen 7 has a second through hole for the small shaft 12 to pass through. The small shaft 12 and the conical waste discharge hopper 11, as well as the small shaft 12 and the filter screen 7, are rotatably connected via bearings.

[0043] like Figure 6 The primary gear 52 on one side of the secondary gear 53 and the drive motor 51 installed at the bottom of the processing chamber 3 to drive the primary gear 52 to rotate, through the action of the drive motor 51, drive the secondary gear 53 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the cavity spindle 4.

[0044] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When using this device, the filter stock can be fed in through the inlet 1. When the filter stock passes through the conical magnet 6, the permanent magnet inside the stock can be attracted by the conical magnet 6. The part that is not completely attracted can reach the filter screen 7. The drive motor 51 can drive the first-stage gear 52 to drive the second-stage gear 53 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the cavity main shaft 4. In turn, the filter screen 7 can rotate. When it rotates, all positions of the filter screen 7 can be in the filtering state. Furthermore, by rotating the cavity main shaft 4, the conical waste discharge hopper 11 drives each small shaft 12 to rotate along the cavity main shaft 4. When each small shaft 12 rotates, the drive gear a132 can revolve around the cavity main shaft 4. At this time, the belt a133 also revolves. Since the fixed gear 131 is stationary, the belt a133 rotates on its own, thereby causing the drive gear a132 to rotate. 132 rotates, and because the fixed gear 131 is stationary, the belt a133 rotates, which in turn causes the drive gear a132 to rotate, thus realizing the rotation of each conical magnet 6. The rotating conical magnet 6 can absorb the permanent magnet in the downward flowing raw liquid from all directions. When the conical magnet 6 rotates, it can attract the permanent magnet on the upper surface of the filter screen 7, thus collecting the permanent magnet and preventing the permanent magnet from clogging the mesh of the filter screen 7. When the conical magnet 6 rotates together with the filter screen 7 and reaches the position of the scraper 9, it can be scraped off by the scraper 9. Due to the rotation of the conical magnet 6, the scraper 9 can evenly remove the permanent magnet on the conical magnet 6 completely. The scraped permanent magnet can be discharged downward from the discharge port 31 through the reserved cavity 32. A conveyor belt can be set at the bottom of the processing chamber 3 to transport the discharged permanent magnet to the required position.

[0045] The filtered waste liquid can reach the interior of the conical waste discharge hopper 11 and finally be discharged from the cavity main shaft 4.

[0046] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling device, comprising a filter screen (7), characterized in that: The upper surface of the filter screen (7) is uniformly provided with at least four conical magnets (6), and the lower end of the conical magnets (6) is fixed with a small shaft (12). A conical waste discharge hopper (11) is installed on the lower surface of the filter screen (7), and a cavity main shaft (4) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the conical waste discharge hopper (11). A driving body (5) is used to drive the cavity main shaft (4) to rotate, thereby causing the filter screen (7) and the conical magnet (6) to revolve together. A transmission mechanism (13) is provided between the cavity main shaft (4) and the small shaft (12). The transmission mechanism (13) can drive the small shaft (12) to rotate. When the driving body (5) drives the cavity main shaft (4) to rotate, it causes the conical magnet (6) to revolve. When the transmission mechanism (13) drives the small shaft (12) to rotate, it causes the conical magnet (6) to rotate. Scraper (9), at least three scrapers (9) are provided, and the three scrapers (9) are spaced apart on one side of the filter screen (7); The transmission mechanism (13) includes a fixed gear (131) rotatably mounted on the upper end of the cavity main shaft (4) via bearings, a drive gear a (132) disposed on both sides of the fixed gear (131), and a belt a (133) that drives the fixed gear (131) and the drive gear a (132). The small shaft (12) includes a driven small shaft (122) and a driving small shaft (121) fixed at the center of the drive gear a (132). A drive gear b (135) is inserted and fixed in the middle of the driving small shaft (121). The driven gear (136) and the drive gear b (135) are evenly arranged below the filter screen (7), and a belt b (134) drives the drive gear b (135) and the driven gear (136). The driven small shaft (122) is fixed in the middle of the driven gear (136). It also includes a processing chamber (3), where the conical magnet (6), filter screen (7), scraper (9) and transmission mechanism (13) are all located inside the processing chamber (3). L-shaped brackets (14) are fixed on both sides of the lower surface of the fixed gear (131), and the other end of the bracket (14) is fixed to the inner wall of the processing chamber (3). The filter screen (7) is fixed with a mounting shell (8) below it. The top surface of the mounting shell (8) is an open surface, and the bottom surface of the mounting shell (8) is a sealed surface. The bottom of the mounting shell (8) is fixed on the cavity main shaft (4). The bottom of the small shaft (12) is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting shell (8) through a bearing. The top surface of the treatment chamber (3) is equipped with a liquid inlet (1) on the side away from the scraper (9), the cavity of the cavity main shaft (4) is set as a waste discharge port, a reserved cavity (32) is provided on the inner wall of the treatment chamber (3) at the position corresponding to the scraper (9), and a discharge port (31) is opened on the lower end of the treatment chamber (3) near the scraper (9). The top surface of the processing chamber (3) is fixedly equipped with a downwardly extending partition (10), and the bottom surface of the partition (10) is located on the upper surface of the filter screen (7). The conical waste hopper (11) has a first through hole for the small shaft (12) to pass through, and the filter screen (7) has a second through hole for the small shaft (12) to pass through. The small shaft (12) and the conical waste hopper (11) and the small shaft (12) and the filter screen (7) are rotatably connected by bearings.

2. The neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive body (5) includes a secondary gear (53) fixed on the middle circumference of the cavity main shaft (4), a primary gear (52) meshing on one side of the secondary gear (53), and a drive motor (51) installed at the bottom of the processing chamber (3) to drive the primary gear (52) to rotate.

3. The neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support leg (2) is installed below the outer surface of the processing chamber (3).

4. The neodymium iron boron waste filtration and recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper (9) has the same inclination as the conical magnet (6) on the side closest to the filter screen (7).

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