Biodegradable fiber filament sharpening chemical treatment liquid and sharpening method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of material processing, and particularly relates to a biodegradable fiber filament chemical treatment liquid for sharpening and a sharpening method thereof. The fiber monofilament end is sharpened by alkali liquid, and the method is large in pollution, and the sharpened fiber tip is poor in toughness and easy to break. In view of the above problems, the application provides a biodegradable fiber filament chemical treatment liquid for sharpening, which is a mixed liquid formed by an ionic liquid and a small molecule alcohol. The sharpening principle of the chemical treatment liquid is similar to that of an acid-base type catalyst, can crack the ester bond of a biobased degradable polyester fiber, simultaneously catalyzes the degradation of PLA and PHA into small molecule monomers, and reacts with methanol or ethanol in the chemical treatment liquid to generate corresponding small molecule methyl ester compounds or ethyl ester compounds. After the sharpening treatment of the biobased degradable polyester fiber filament end by the chemical treatment liquid, the biobased degradable polyester fiber filament end has good toughness, small brittleness and is not easy to break.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of material processing technology, and particularly relates to a chemical treatment liquid for grinding a biodegradable fiber filament and a grinding method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Commercially available brush hair materials mainly include polypropylene (PP) hair, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) soft hair, nylon (PA) brush hair, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composite material ground filament, etc. The brush hair materials such as PP, PBT, PA and PET have good physical properties, fatigue resistance, heat resistance, low friction coefficient, and are resistant to hot water and oil. However, they basically do not have good biodegradability, and are consumables in daily life, which will produce a large amount of waste and cause white pollution every day, which will inevitably cause great damage to the environment on which human beings depend for survival.

[0003] Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL) and polybutylene adipate / terephthalate (PBAT) have good biocompatibility and good biodegradability. Studies have shown that the fiber filament or composite fiber filament formed by the above environmentally friendly biodegradable materials can also be used as brush hair material.

[0004] Before being made into products, the brush hair material needs to be ground (in the present application, "ground" refers to the end face of the end ground fiber monofilament observed in the front view, which gradually forms a conical shape (increasing in diameter) in a certain length range from one end along the length direction of the fiber monofilament, and the end face shape can be symmetrical or asymmetrical along the center axis of the fiber monofilament) treatment to change the fiber monofilament end into a sharp conical shape. Grinding is mainly to gradually hydrolyze the fiber from the outside to the inside by alkali solution, and the fiber end soaked in the alkali solution is more easily hydrolyzed, thereby forming a sharp conical shape. However, the fiber monofilament end is ground by alkali solution, which is a large pollution, and the ground fiber tip has poor toughness and is easy to break. SUMMARY

[0005] The existing problem is that the fiber monofilament end is ground by alkali solution, which is a large pollution, and the ground fiber tip has poor toughness and is easy to break. In view of the above problems, the present application provides a chemical treatment liquid for grinding a biodegradable fiber filament, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0006] Ionic liquid 5-20 parts;

[0007] Alcohol 1-10 parts.

[0008] Specifically, the ionic liquid includes but is not limited to at least one of imidazole ionic liquid, DBU ionic liquid, quaternary ammonium salt ionic liquid.

[0009] Specifically, the alcohol includes at least one of methanol, ethanol.

[0010] Specifically, the method for sharpening the biodegradable fiber filament with the chemical treatment liquid includes the following steps:

[0011] (1) vertically immerse the fiber filament end into the chemical treatment liquid for sharpening, and then ultrasonic immersion at 20-80 DEG C;

[0012] (2) wash the fiber filament after the completion of the immersion with clean water, remove the chemical treatment liquid on the surface of the fiber filament, and then dehydrate and dry the fiber filament to remove the moisture on the surface of the fiber filament, thereby obtaining the sharpened fiber filament.

[0013] Specifically, the fiber filament includes at least one of monofilament, filament bundle, and filament cake.

[0014] Specifically, the diameter of the monofilament of the fiber filament is 0.05-0.3mm.

[0015] Specifically, the fiber filament is a biobased degradable polyester fiber.

[0016] Specifically, the biobased degradable polyester fiber includes but is not limited to at least one of PLA and PHA.

[0017] Specifically, the biobased degradable polyester fiber is prepared by a melt drawing method.

[0018] Specifically, the PHA includes but is not limited to at least one of PHB, P34HB, PHBV, and PHBHHx.

[0019] Specifically, the immersion depth of the fiber filament in step (1) is 1 / 10-2 / 3 of the length of the fiber filament.

[0020] Specifically, the drying temperature of the fiber filament in step (2) is not higher than 80 DEG C.

[0021] Specifically, the drying mode of the fiber filament in step (2) includes at least one of sun drying and oven drying.

[0022] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) the chemical treatment liquid for sharpening obtained by the present application can realize the sharpening treatment of the biobased degradable polyester fiber, so that the end of the fiber monofilament becomes a sharp cone shape;

[0024] (2) The bio-based degradable polyester fiber filament end treated by the chemical treatment liquid for sharpening obtained by the application has good toughness and small brittleness, and is not easy to break;

[0025] (3) The chemical treatment liquid for sharpening obtained by the application is a mixed liquid formed by an ionic liquid and alcohol, and the sharpening principle of the chemical treatment liquid is similar to that of an acid-base type catalyst, which can crack the ester bond of the bio-based degradable polyester fiber, and catalyze the degradation of PLA, PHA and the like into small molecule monomers (small molecule acids), and react with methanol or ethanol in the chemical treatment liquid to generate corresponding small molecule methyl ester compounds (such as methyl lactate and methyl 3-hydroxybutyrate) or ethyl ester compounds (such as ethyl lactate and ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate);

[0026] (4) For at least one polyester fiber filament in PLA and PHA, after the chemical treatment liquid for sharpening obtained by the application is used for sharpening treatment, the small molecule methyl ester compounds or ethyl ester compounds can be removed by means of reduced pressure distillation, so that the ionic liquid can be recycled and reused. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 : is a microscope image of the fiber filament end of the bio-based degradable polyester fiber filament obtained by the application example 1 of the application after sharpening treatment, which is enlarged 100 times.

[0028] Figure 2 : is a microscope image of the fiber filament end of the bio-based degradable polyester fiber filament obtained by the application comparative example 2 after sharpening treatment, which is enlarged 100 times. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The application will be described in detail below in combination with examples. However, it should be understood that the following examples are only illustrative of the embodiments of the application, and are not a limitation on the scope of the application.

[0030] The N-methylpyrrolidone-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate in the following examples of the application has a CAS number: 143314-17-4.

[0031] The [DBU][HOAc] in the following examples of the application has a CAS number: 36443-65-9.

[0032] The bio-based degradable polyester fiber filament used in the application is prepared according to the raw materials, additives and steps in the embodiment 1 of the Chinese invention patent CN115305600A, except that no PBAT, PBS, compatibility agent and antioxidant are added in the preparation process of the bio-based degradable polyester fiber filament, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0033] (1) The raw materials and additives are uniformly mixed in weight ratio, dried thoroughly under nitrogen protection, then added into a double screw extruder, melt-extruded at 175℃, and then drawn and cut into granules to obtain composite material chips with length of 3mm and diameter of 2mm, and then dried thoroughly under nitrogen protection, the time of twice nitrogen protection drying is 6h, the temperature is 80℃, and the rotation speed of double screw during melt stirring is 100rpm;

[0034] (2) The blended chips are added into a double screw extruder, melt-extruded at 195℃, then passed through a high-temperature water tank with water temperature of 80℃, then naturally air-cooled, and then sequentially passed through a drawing roller and a winding roller to obtain primary fibers. The primary fibers, although not subjected to sharpening and dyeing treatment, can also be used as fiber filaments. During melt-extrusion, the rotation speed of the double screw extruder is 20rpm, the drawing ratio is 3.2 times, the winding is performed by using a winding roller with linear speed of 30m / min, and the natural air cooling is achieved by adding a natural air blowing device at the winding roller, the air speed of the natural air cooling is 0.1m / s, and the air temperature is 25℃;

[0035] (3) The primary fiber filaments are subjected to preliminary combing by using a tool comb to prevent adhesion, then placed at room temperature for 24h, and then bundled and cut to obtain bundled short filaments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A chemical treatment liquid for sharpening biodegradable fiber filaments, consisting of the following ingredients in weight parts:

[0038] N-methylpyrrolidone-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate 5 parts;

[0039] Methanol 1 part.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A chemical treatment liquid for sharpening biodegradable fiber filaments, consisting of the following ingredients in weight parts:

[0042] N-methylpyrrolidone-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate 10 parts;

[0043] Methanol 5 parts.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] A chemical treatment liquid for sharpening biodegradable fiber filaments, consisting of the following ingredients in weight parts:

[0046] N-methylpyrrolidone-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate 15 parts;

[0047] Methanol 10 parts.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] A chemical treatment liquid for biodegradable fiber filament sharpening, consisting of the following ingredients in parts by weight:

[0050] N-methylpyrrolidone-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate 20 parts;

[0051] Methanol 10 parts.

[0052] Example 5 is the same as Example 1, except that Example 5 uses the same weight fraction of [DBU][HOAc] to replace N-methylpyrrolidone-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate.

[0053] Example 6 is the same as Example 1, except that Example 6 uses the same weight fraction of ethanol to replace methanol.

[0054] Example 7 is the same as Example 1, except that Example 7 uses the same weight fraction of a mixed solution of ethanol and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1 to replace methanol.

[0055] The chemical sharpening process is as follows:

[0056] Application Example 1

[0057] The end of the biobased biodegradable polyester fiber is immersed in the chemical treatment liquid obtained in Example 3, the immersion depth of the fiber filament is 1 / 2 of the total length of the fiber filament, then ultrasonic immersion is carried out at 60°C for 15 min, the fiber filament after immersion is completed is washed with clean water to remove the chemical treatment liquid on the surface of the fiber filament, then the fiber filament is dehydrated, dried, and the water on the surface of the fiber filament is removed, to obtain the sharpened fiber filament, as shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1

[0058] Application Example 2

[0059] The end of the biobased biodegradable polyester fiber is immersed in the chemical treatment liquid obtained in Example 1, the immersion depth of the fiber filament is 1 / 10 of the total length of the fiber filament, then ultrasonic immersion is carried out at 20°C for 20 min, the fiber filament after immersion is completed is washed with clean water to remove the chemical treatment liquid on the surface of the fiber filament, then the fiber filament is dehydrated, dried, and the water on the surface of the fiber filament is removed, to obtain the sharpened fiber filament.

[0060] Application Example 3

[0061] ​The end of the biobased degradable polyester fiber was immersed in the chemical treatment solution obtained in Example 2, the immersion depth of the fiber filament was 1 / 5 of the total length of the fiber filament, then ultrasonic immersion was carried out at 45°C for 20 min, the fiber filament after immersion was washed with clean water to remove the chemical treatment solution on the surface of the fiber filament, then dehydration and drying were carried out on the fiber filament to remove the water on the surface of the fiber filament, and the sharpened fiber filament was obtained.

[0062] Application Example 4

[0063] The end of the biobased degradable polyester fiber was immersed in the chemical treatment solution obtained in Example 4, the immersion depth of the fiber filament was 2 / 3 of the total length of the fiber filament, then ultrasonic immersion was carried out at 80°C for 15 min, the fiber filament after immersion was washed with clean water to remove the chemical treatment solution on the surface of the fiber filament, then dehydration and drying were carried out on the fiber filament to remove the water on the surface of the fiber filament, and the sharpened fiber filament was obtained.

[0064] Application Example 5

[0065] The end of the biobased degradable polyester fiber was immersed in the chemical treatment solution obtained in Example 5, the immersion depth of the fiber filament was 1 / 2 of the total length of the fiber filament, then ultrasonic immersion was carried out at 60°C for 15 min, the fiber filament after immersion was washed with clean water to remove the chemical treatment solution on the surface of the fiber filament, then dehydration and drying were carried out on the fiber filament to remove the water on the surface of the fiber filament, and the sharpened fiber filament was obtained.

[0066] Application Example 6

[0067] The end of the biobased degradable polyester fiber was immersed in the chemical treatment solution obtained in Example 6, the immersion depth of the fiber filament was 1 / 2 of the total length of the fiber filament, then ultrasonic immersion was carried out at 60°C for 15 min, the fiber filament after immersion was washed with clean water to remove the chemical treatment solution on the surface of the fiber filament, then dehydration and drying were carried out on the fiber filament to remove the water on the surface of the fiber filament, and the sharpened fiber filament was obtained.

[0068] Application Example 7

[0069] The end of the biobased degradable polyester fiber was immersed in the chemical treatment solution obtained in Example 7, the immersion depth of the fiber filament was 1 / 2 of the total length of the fiber filament, then ultrasonic immersion was carried out at 60°C for 15 min, the fiber filament after immersion was washed with clean water to remove the chemical treatment solution on the surface of the fiber filament, then dehydration and drying were carried out on the fiber filament to remove the water on the surface of the fiber filament, and the sharpened fiber filament was obtained.

[0070] Comparative Example 1 was the same as Application Example 1, except that in Comparative Example 1, a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a concentration of 8% (2 mol / L) was used instead of the chemical treatment solution obtained in Example 1 to sharpen the biobased degradable polyester fiber, and the specific steps were as follows:

[0071] The end of the biobased degradable polyester fiber is immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 8%, the immersion depth of the fiber filament is 1 / 2 of the total length of the fiber filament, then ultrasonic immersion is performed at 60°C for 15 min, the fiber filament after immersion is washed with clean water to remove the chemical treatment liquid on the surface of the fiber filament, then the fiber filament is dehydrated and dried to remove the moisture on the surface of the fiber filament, and the ground fiber filament is obtained.

[0072] Comparative Example 2 is the same as Application Example 1, except that in Comparative Example 3, an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L is used instead of the chemical treatment liquid obtained in Example 1 to perform the ground treatment on the biobased degradable polyester fiber, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0073] The end of the biobased degradable polyester fiber is immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 8%, the immersion depth of the fiber filament is 1 / 2 of the total length of the fiber filament, then ultrasonic immersion is performed at 60°C for 15 min, the fiber filament after immersion is washed with clean water to remove the chemical treatment liquid on the surface of the fiber filament, then the fiber filament is dehydrated and dried to remove the moisture on the surface of the fiber filament, and the ground fiber filament is obtained. Figure 2 The ground fiber filament forming effect of Comparative Example 2 is shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0074] Comparative Example 3 is the same as Application Example 1, except that no methanol is added to the chemical treatment liquid of Comparative Example 3.

[0075] Performance test

[0076] The ground cellulose obtained in Application Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-3 of the application is subjected to relevant performance tests, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] The test method is as follows:

[0078] Yarn breaking strength: single column 100 kg tensile testing machine, 50 mm / min.

[0079] Yarn breaking elongation: single column 100 kg tensile testing machine, 50 mm / min.

[0080] Single filament bending recovery rate: tested according to 5.5.5 in GB19342-2003.

[0081] Yarn ground forming effect: observed by XSP-SG8A electron microscope, whether the fiber is ground and formed, whether there is bifurcation, and whether the taper surface is smooth.

[0082] Taper after yarn ground forming: observed by XSP-SG8A electron microscope, and obtained according to the magnification.

[0083] Taper angle after wire sharpening: XSP-SG8A electron microscope observation, protractor measurement.

[0084] Taper length after wire sharpening: XSP-SG8A electron microscope observation, according to magnification.

[0085] Table 1

[0086]

[0087] In Table 1, although the toughness of the fiber wire end after the treatment of Comparative Example 3 also does not change, because there is no methanol or ethanol in the treatment liquid, the organic acid monomers generated by degradation of PHA, PLA and the like cannot react with methanol or ethanol to form ester substances, and the removal of the organic acid monomers is difficult, which affects the reuse of the ionic liquid.

[0088] Based on the above ideal embodiments according to the present application, through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without deviating from the technical idea of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for sharpening a biodegradable fiber filament with a chemical treatment liquid, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: (1) vertically immersing the fiber filament end into a chemical treatment liquid for sharpening, and then ultrasonic immersing at 20-80 DEG C for a certain time; (2) washing the fiber filament after the immersing is completed to remove the chemical treatment liquid on the surface of the fiber filament, and then dehydrating and drying the fiber filament to remove the water on the surface of the fiber filament, thereby obtaining the sharpened fiber filament; The chemical treatment liquid for sharpening comprises the following components in weight fraction: Ionic liquid 5-20 parts; Alcohol 1-10 parts; The alcohol comprises at least one of methanol and ethanol; The ionic liquid comprises at least one of imidazole ionic liquid and DBU ionic liquid.

2. The method for sharpening biodegradable fiber filaments using a chemical treatment solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber filament comprises at least one of single filament and filament bundle.

3. The method for sharpening biodegradable fiber filaments using a chemical treatment solution according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the single filament of the fiber filament is 0.05-0.3 mm.

4. The method for sharpening biodegradable fiber filaments using a chemical treatment solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber filament is a biobased degradable polyester fiber.

5. The method for sharpening biodegradable fiber filaments using a chemical treatment solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biobased degradable polyester fiber comprises at least one of PLA and PHA.

6. The method for sharpening biodegradable fiber filaments using a chemical treatment solution according to claim 4, characterized in that, The biobased degradable polyester fiber is prepared by a melt drawing method.

7. The method for sharpening biodegradable fiber filaments using a chemical treatment solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The immersing depth of the fiber filament in step (1) is 1 / 10-2 / 3 of the length of the fiber filament.

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