A method for testing the maximum ash column deviation of a cigarette during combustion

Abstract

The application discloses a method for testing the maximum ash column deviation of a cigarette. The cigarette is simulated to be smoked by a cigarette smoking device. The cigarette smoking device has three image collecting devices, and the interval angle between two adjacent image collecting devices is 120 degrees. At a smoking time t, the cigarette ash column picture is collected by the three image collecting devices, and then the maximum ash column deviation is calculated by using the collected cigarette ash column picture. According to the pixel color difference in the image, the cigarette positioning is obtained. The angle measurement method is used to measure the cigarette burning deviation observation angle and the cigarette ash column height of the three image collecting devices. The maximum cigarette ash column deviation is calculated by the height and the observation angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cigarette combustion performance, specifically relating to a method for testing the maximum ash column deviation during cigarette combustion. Background Technology

[0002] The burning appearance of cigarettes is a crucial visual aspect that consumers directly perceive during the combustion process, and its quality directly impacts their judgment of the cigarette's overall quality. Furthermore, the frequent ash and fly ash from cigarettes during smoking, and in severe cases, the detachment of the combustion cone, not only pollute the environment but also significantly contribute to discomfort and aversion among consumers and those forced to smoke. This can affect consumer loyalty to cigarette brands and even pose certain safety hazards. On the other hand, with the development of cigarette technology and the continuous improvement of consumption levels and quality standards, consumers' demands for cigarette quality are constantly increasing. Their focus and selection of cigarette products are gradually expanding beyond taste, price, and packaging to include many other factors. The ash residue after burning is becoming increasingly important to consumers due to its visual impact.

[0003] In recent years, the tobacco industry has conducted relevant research on cigarette ash coating, mainly including research on cigarette ash coating performance and testing methods. The feasibility and accuracy of ash coating testing methods are crucial prerequisites for studying cigarette ash coating performance; therefore, effective and objective measurement of cigarette combustion ash coating performance is of great significance. An important indicator of ash coating performance is the maximum ash column deviation during cigarette combustion, which is also a vital indicator for quality inspection and production guidance.

[0004] When a cigarette is burning statically, the ash column at the burning end is affected not only by gravity but also by the mass of the cigarette materials, causing it to deviate from the original straight line of the unburned cigarette. This deviation of the cigarette's ash column, coupled with the pathological nature of visual perception—where the two-dimensional appearance of an object changes significantly with the viewpoint—results in varying degrees of ash column deviation observed from different angles around the cigarette in space, according to the machine's perspective plane.

[0005] Therefore, in order to objectively describe the ash column deviation under changing spatial viewpoints, it is essential to develop a method that can test the maximum ash column deviation of cigarette combustion.

[0006] To address the above problems, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. It obtains cigarette positioning based on pixel color differences in images, and uses an angle measurement method to measure the cigarette combustion deviation observation angle and cigarette combustion ash column height from the perspectives of three image acquisition devices. The maximum ash column deviation of cigarette combustion is obtained through a calculation formula based on the relationship between height and observation angle.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0009] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for testing the maximum ash column deviation of cigarette combustion. The method involves simulating cigarette smoking using a cigarette smoking device. The smoking device has three image acquisition devices, with an angle of 120° between adjacent devices. At time t during smoking, images of the cigarette combustion ash column are acquired using the three image acquisition devices. The maximum ash column deviation is then calculated using these acquired images. The steps are as follows:

[0010] (1) Calculate the minimum height H of the gray column at the viewing angle of the image acquisition device. min ;

[0011] (2) Calculate the maximum value W of the gray bar deviation of the image acquisition device. max ;

[0012] (3) Through H min W max Calculate the maximum gray column deviation α max .

[0013] Preferably, in step (1), the minimum value H of the gray column height of the image acquisition device's viewing angle is calculated. min ;

[0014] Since the image acquisition devices observe the cigarette vertically, the height of the ash column from each image acquisition device is the actual height of the cigarette ash column. Therefore, the average value of the three image acquisition devices is taken as the cigarette ash column height H. min ;

[0015] H min = (H1+H2+H3) / 3 Equation 1.

[0016] Preferably, in step (2), the maximum value W of the gray column deviation of the image acquisition device is calculated. max ;

[0017] Given that the angle of the first image acquisition device is 0°, the angle of the second image acquisition device is 120°, and the angle of the third image acquisition device is 240°, W max The corresponding observation angle is β, then the angle between the maximum angle observation plane and the observation plane of the first image acquisition device is β, so given W maxThe gray column deviation obtained by projecting the image onto the observation plane of the first image acquisition device is W1, W max The gray column deviation obtained by projecting the image onto the observation plane of the second image acquisition device is W2, W max If the gray column deviation obtained by projecting onto the observation plane of the third image acquisition device is W3, then...

[0018] W max ·sinβ=W1 Equation 2,

[0019] W max ·sin(β+120°)=W2 Equation 3,

[0020] W max sin(β+240°)=W3 Equation 4;

[0021] Calculate W using the two largest values ​​among W1, W2, and W3. max The corresponding observation angle β:

[0022] Assuming W1 and W2 are large, then:

[0023] but

[0024]

[0025] Preferably, in step (3), the maximum gray column deviation α is calculated. max ;

[0026] α max =cos -1 (H min / L max ) = tan -1 (W max / H min Formula 7;

[0027] The H obtained in step (1) min And W obtained in step (2) max Substituting into the above formula yields the result.

[0028]

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention first recognizes that the deviation of the cigarette ash column observed from different angles around the cigarette in space varies. To compare the degree of ash column deviation between different samples, an objective description of the ash column deviation is essential. Furthermore, this invention proposes a method for testing the maximum ash column deviation of cigarette combustion. This invention obtains the cigarette's location based on pixel color differences in an image, uses an angle measurement method to measure the observation angles of cigarette combustion deviation and the height of the cigarette combustion ash column from the perspectives of three image acquisition devices, and calculates the maximum ash column deviation of cigarette combustion by using the relationship between the height and the observation angle. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an inclined column of cigarette ash from combustion;

[0032] Figure 2 The deviation angle θ of the cigarette combustion ash column 灰柱 ;

[0033] Figure 3 The ash column of cigarette combustion deviates from the angle θ0. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below through embodiments, but is not limited to these embodiments. Experimental methods not specifically described in the embodiments generally use conventional conditions and conditions described in manuals, or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The general equipment, materials, reagents, etc., used are all commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0035] Example

[0036] The specific steps of the method described in this invention are as follows:

[0037] While the system controls the light source to illuminate the viewing angle of the image acquisition device, the image acquisition device begins to acquire images. During image processing, the cigarette's position is located based on pixel color difference detection. Specifically, based on the region of interest in the image, a pixel-by-pixel scanning method is used to scan the bright edges of the cigarette from top to bottom. When a pixel's grayscale value changes, its coordinates are marked. Based on these coordinates, the cigarette's edge is located, thereby locating the cigarette's combustion ash column.

[0038] The field-of-view deviation angle between the ash column of a burning cigarette and the axis of the cigarette filter rod was acquired using three image acquisition devices. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the deviation angle θ of the detected gray column is... 灰柱 The angle θ0 of the longitudinal section of the unburned cigarette paper, and the difference θ between the two are the deviation angles, i.e., θ 偏离 =θ 灰柱 -θ0.

[0039] Images of cigarette combustion ash columns were acquired using three image acquisition devices. The maximum ash column deviation was then calculated using these images. The steps are as follows:

[0040] (1) Calculate the minimum height H of the gray column at the viewing angle of the image acquisition device. min ;

[0041] (2) Calculate the maximum value W of the gray bar deviation of the image acquisition device. max ;

[0042] (3) Through H min W max Calculate the maximum gray column deviation α max .

[0043] Preferably, in step (1), the minimum value H of the gray column height of the image acquisition device's viewing angle is calculated. min ;

[0044] Since the image acquisition devices observe the cigarette vertically, the height of the ash column from each image acquisition device is the actual height of the cigarette ash column. Therefore, the average value of the three image acquisition devices is taken as the cigarette ash column height H. min ;

[0045] m min = (H1+H2+H3) / 3 Equation 1.

[0046] Preferably, in step (2), the maximum value W of the gray column deviation of the image acquisition device is calculated. max ;

[0047] Given that the angle of the first image acquisition device is 0°, the angle of the second image acquisition device is 120°, and the angle of the third image acquisition device is 240°, W max The corresponding observation angle is β, then the angle between the maximum angle observation plane and the observation plane of the first image acquisition device is β, so given W max The gray column deviation obtained by projecting the image onto the observation plane of the first image acquisition device is W1, W max The gray column deviation obtained by projecting the image onto the observation plane of the second image acquisition device is W2, W max If the gray column deviation obtained by projecting onto the observation plane of the third image acquisition device is W3, then...

[0048] W max ·sinβ=W1 Equation 2,

[0049] W max ·sin(β+120°)=W2 Equation 3,

[0050] W max sin(β+240°)=W3 Equation 4;

[0051] Calculate W using the two largest values ​​among W1, W2, and W3. max The corresponding observation angle β:

[0052] Assuming W1 and W2 are large, then:

[0053] but

[0054]

[0055] Preferably, in step (3), the maximum gray column deviation α is calculated. max ;

[0056] α max =cos -1 (H min / L max ) = tan -1 (W max / H min Formula 7;

[0057] The H obtained in step (1) min And W obtained in step (2) max Substituting into the above formula yields the result.

[0058]

[0059] The specific images acquired, and the minimum height H of the gray bars from the image acquisition device's viewpoint. min The maximum value of the gray bar deviation of the image acquisition device is W. max and the maximum gray column deviation α max The data is shown in Table 1 below, where the camera is the image acquisition device.

[0060] Table 1 shows images of cigarette combustion ash columns acquired by three different image acquisition devices for different samples, along with the calculated H... min W max α max Numerical value.

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] The present invention has been described above by way of example. It should be noted that any simple modifications, alterations or other equivalent substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort without departing from the core of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the maximum ash column deviation during cigarette combustion, characterized in that, Simulated smoking of cigarettes is performed using a cigarette smoking device equipped with three image acquisition devices. The angle between any two adjacent image acquisition devices is 120°. At time t during smoking, images of the cigarette combustion ash column are acquired using the three image acquisition devices. Then, the maximum ash column deviation is calculated using the acquired images of the cigarette combustion ash column. The steps are as follows: (1) Calculate the minimum height of the gray column at the viewpoint of the image acquisition device. ; (2) Calculate the maximum value of the gray column deviation of the image acquisition device. ; (3) Through , Calculate the maximum gray column deviation ; In step (1), the minimum height of the gray column at the viewpoint of the image acquisition device is calculated. ; The average value of the three image acquisition devices is taken as the height of the cigarette ash column. ; Formula 1; In step (2), the maximum value of the gray column deviation of the image acquisition device is calculated. ; Given that the angle of the first image acquisition device is 0°, the angle of the second image acquisition device is 120°, and the angle of the third image acquisition device is 240°. The corresponding observation angle is The angle between the maximum angle observation plane and the observation plane of the first image acquisition device is . Therefore, given The gray column deviation obtained by projecting the image onto the observation plane of the first image acquisition device is , The gray column deviation obtained by projecting the image onto the observation plane of the second image acquisition device is , The gray column deviation obtained by projecting the image onto the observation plane of the third image acquisition device is ,but Equation 2, Formula 3, Equation 4; use , , Calculate the two with the larger values. The corresponding observation angle : Assumption , If it is larger, then: Equation 5, then Formula 6; In step (3), the maximum gray column deviation is calculated. ; Formula 7; The result obtained in step (1) and the result obtained in step (2) Substituting into the above formula yields the result.

Images