High slope displacement monitoring method and system

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a method and system for monitoring displacement of high slopes. The method includes the following steps: arranging and constructing monitoring holes: excavating monitoring holes of a certain depth along the Z-direction in the target slope area; burying monitoring pipes: inserting monitoring pipes section by section into the monitoring holes from bottom to top, and connecting the sections of the monitoring pipes together; inclinometer measurement: placing inclinometer probes at different measuring points inside the monitoring pipes to measure the inclination angles of each segment of the monitoring pipe axis in the X and Y directions; calculating horizontal plane coordinates: calculating the horizontal plane coordinates of each measuring point based on the obtained inclination angles; repeating the above steps to obtain the horizontal plane coordinates for at least two measurements, and subtracting the horizontal plane coordinates of the current measurement from the previous measurement to obtain the horizontal displacement of the target slope area within the time interval between the two measurements. The system is used to implement the above method. This disclosure can monitor deep horizontal displacement of slopes and has the advantages of accurate, reliable, and efficient monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of slope monitoring technology, specifically to a method and system for monitoring displacement of high slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Deformation of high slopes is the main form of slope failure. The effectiveness of reinforcement projects is an important factor affecting the stability of slopes after excavation. Slope displacement monitoring is an important means and measure to ensure the safety of foundation pit slopes during construction and use. By monitoring the surface displacement, tilt development, and horizontal displacement of underground rock and soil masses of high slopes through monitoring devices, the potential sliding surface depth and main sliding direction can be determined. This is of great significance for evaluating the stability of slopes during construction and use, making relevant forecasts, and for the correct analysis, evaluation, prediction, and forecasting of collapses and landslides.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for monitoring horizontal displacement of slopes include the line-of-sight method, intersection method, total station polar coordinate method, tension line method, laser collimation method, and plumb line method. These methods can effectively monitor the deformation of the slope surface, but they lack monitoring of deep displacement of the slope. However, during the excavation and support of slopes, vertical or steep excavation causes lateral unloading of the slope body, which inevitably leads to horizontal and vertical displacement of the slope surface and deep soil. When the displacement is too large, it will cause slope instability and failure. Therefore, designing a monitoring method for deep displacement monitoring of slopes is of great significance for the actual construction process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present disclosure aims to provide a method and system for monitoring displacement of high slopes. This disclosure can monitor deep horizontal displacement of slopes and has the advantages of accurate, reliable, and efficient monitoring.

[0005] The high slope displacement monitoring method disclosed herein includes the following steps:

[0006] S01. Arrange and construct monitoring holes: Excavate downwards along the Z direction in the target slope area to form monitoring holes of a certain depth;

[0007] S02. Installing monitoring pipes: Insert monitoring pipes into the monitoring holes section by section from bottom to top, and connect the monitoring pipe sections one by one.

[0008] S03. Inclination measurement: The inclinometer probe is placed at different measuring points inside the monitoring tube to measure the inclination angle of each segment of the monitoring tube axis in the X and Y directions.

[0009] S04. Calculate the horizontal plane coordinates: Calculate the horizontal plane coordinates of each measuring point based on the obtained inclination angle;

[0010] S05. Repeat steps S01 to S04 to obtain the horizontal plane coordinates of at least two measurements. Subtract the horizontal plane coordinates of the current measurement from those of the previous measurement to obtain the horizontal displacement of the target slope area within the time interval between the two measurements.

[0011] Preferably, in step S01, several monitoring holes are set at different heights in the target slope area in stages;

[0012] The depth of the monitoring hole shall not be less than 20m, and shall extend at least 2 to 5m into the stable rock and soil body below the lowest potential sliding surface of the slope. Wherein, when there is an outwardly dipping weak structural surface in the target slope area or where sliding or failure may occur along the weak structural surface, the lowest layer of weak structural surface exposed by excavation shall be used as the lowest potential sliding surface.

[0013] Preferably, step S02 specifically includes:

[0014] S021. Place the first monitoring tube into the bottom of the monitoring hole, and put the connecting tube on the upper end of the first monitoring tube. Align the next monitoring tube and put it on the connecting tube so that the two monitoring tubes are connected and tightly connected. Then, fasten the connection with fasteners. Put in the monitoring tubes one by one until the monitoring tubes are connected in sequence.

[0015] S022. Measure the axial direction of the guide hole inside the monitoring tube and adjust the position of the monitoring tube so that its axial direction is in the same direction as the cross-sectional direction or the main sliding direction of the slope.

[0016] S023. Cement and mortar are used to backfill the space between the monitoring pipe and the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and the grout is vibrated and compacted. After the initial grouting, grout is added again to the opening of the monitoring hole and compacted.

[0017] S024. A protective pipe shall be erected within 0.5 to 1.0m below the pipe opening of the monitoring pipe, and a concrete pier shall be poured to fix the pipe opening. A protective cover shall be installed at the pipe opening and a sign shall be set up.

[0018] S025. Measure and verify the elevation of the borehole opening.

[0019] Preferably, step S03 specifically includes:

[0020] S031, Calibration Inclination Probe;

[0021] S032. Place the inclinometer probe at the measuring point location, and after a certain period of time, obtain the forward inclinometer results of that measuring point location in the X or Y direction. Then, the inclinometer probe is rotated 180° around the axis of the monitoring tube to obtain the reverse inclinometer results of the measuring point in the X or Y direction. When the forward inclinometer results Compared with the reverse inclinometer results The absolute difference is less than If the two inclinometer results have opposite signs, the inclinometer result is considered valid and the inclinometer result ε is calculated according to the following formula. x or y As the measured angle of inclination:

[0022]

[0023] Otherwise, the inclination measurement results are deemed invalid and the measurement is repeated. This step is repeated, and the inclination probes are placed at each measuring point in a bottom-up order to measure the inclination results of each segment of the monitoring pipe axis in the X and Y directions.

[0024] Preferably, in step S032, the forward inclinometer results are obtained each time. Or reverse inclinometer results When the inclinometer is continuously acquired, n inclinometer results in the same direction are obtained continuously, n≥3, until there is no significant difference in the values ​​of the n inclinometer results. The average value of the n inclinometer results is then taken as the inclinometer result in that direction.

[0025] Preferably, in step S03, the vertical distance between adjacent measuring points is 40-60 cm.

[0026] Preferably, step S04 specifically includes:

[0027] Taking the bottom of the monitoring tube as the reference point O, the coordinates of the reference point O are defined as (x0, y0);

[0028] Calculate the horizontal coordinates (x) of each measuring point using the following formula. j y j ):

[0029]

[0030]

[0031] Where i represents the measurement point number, i = 1, 2, ... j, and L represents the distance between adjacent measurement points;

[0032] a xi ε represents the inclination angle of the i-th measuring point in the X direction. xi This represents the inclination measurement result of the i-th measuring point in the X direction;

[0033] a yi ε represents the inclination angle of the i-th measuring point in the Y direction. yi This represents the inclination measurement result of the i-th measuring point in the Y direction.

[0034] Preferably, step S05 further includes:

[0035] Based on the obtained horizontal displacement and the corresponding depth of the measuring point, a displacement-depth curve is plotted, and based on the time interval, a deformation rate-depth curve is plotted.

[0036] This embodiment of a high slope displacement monitoring system includes:

[0037] The monitoring hole construction module is used to excavate a monitoring hole of a certain depth in the Z direction in the target slope area;

[0038] A monitoring tube installation module is used to insert monitoring tubes into the monitoring hole section by section from bottom to top, and to connect the monitoring tubes section by section.

[0039] The inclination module is used to be inserted into different measuring points inside the monitoring tube to measure the inclination angle of each segment of the monitoring tube axis in the X and Y directions;

[0040] The horizontal plane coordinate calculation module is used to calculate the horizontal plane coordinates of each measuring point based on the obtained inclination angle.

[0041] The horizontal displacement calculation module is used to obtain the horizontal plane coordinates of at least two measurements. The difference between the horizontal plane coordinates of the current measurement and the previous measurement is used to obtain the horizontal displacement of the target slope area within the time interval between the two measurements.

[0042] Preferably, the inclinometer module includes:

[0043] The probe, which is long and rod-shaped, is used to extend into the monitoring tube;

[0044] An inclinometer probe, which is installed at the lower end of the probe rod, is used to measure and obtain the inclination angles of each segment of the monitoring pipe axis in the X and Y directions;

[0045] A data acquisition unit, which is connected to the inclinometer probe for acquiring measurement signals;

[0046] A pair of guide wheels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the probe axis, and the axial direction of the guide wheels is perpendicular to the axial direction of the probe. The probe has a receiving groove for accommodating the guide wheel at a position corresponding to the guide wheel. The guide wheel is hinged to the probe by a hinge frame so that the guide wheel can be folded into the receiving groove. The inner sidewall of the monitoring tube has at least a pair of oppositely distributed guide grooves adapted to the thickness of the guide wheel, and the guide grooves extend along the axial direction of the monitoring tube.

[0047] The advantages of the high slope displacement monitoring method and system disclosed in this disclosure are as follows:

[0048] 1. This disclosure involves excavating monitoring holes downwards and inserting multiple monitoring tubes section by section into the monitoring holes. Inclinometer probes can be placed at different measuring points inside the monitoring tubes to obtain the inclination angles at different depths of the target slope area. The horizontal displacement of the target slope area over a certain period of time can be calculated from the inclination angles. Furthermore, the corresponding displacement-depth curve can be plotted. This enables the monitoring of deep horizontal displacement of the target slope area, reflecting slope deformation more comprehensively and accurately, and meeting the slope deformation monitoring needs of the actual construction process.

[0049] 2. This disclosure standardizes the construction of monitoring holes and the placement of monitoring pipes. When obtaining inclination monitoring values, the average of multiple consecutive data without abnormalities is used as the monitoring result. Furthermore, by conducting both forward and reverse monitoring, data errors are reduced, making the monitoring values ​​closer to the true values. This improves the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results and can effectively improve the efficiency of slope monitoring and promote slope construction. It has good economic benefits and practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a high slope displacement monitoring method described in this embodiment;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of monitoring holes in a high slope displacement monitoring method described in this embodiment;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the monitoring tube and inclinometer module described in this embodiment.

[0053] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Target slope area, 11-Monitoring hole, 2-Monitoring pipe, 21-Guide hole, 22-Guide groove, 3-Inclination module, 31-Probe rod, 311-Receiving groove, 32-Inclination probe, 33-Guide wheel, 34-Hinged frame. Detailed Implementation

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the high slope displacement monitoring method of this disclosure includes the following steps:

[0055] S01. Arrange and construct monitoring well 11, details as follows: Figure 2As shown, monitoring holes 11 of a certain depth are excavated downwards along the Z direction in the target slope area 1. Specifically, the monitoring holes 11 are arranged according to the scale and characteristics of the slope. Typically, 2 to 4 monitoring holes 11 are laid out for a single slope section. Considering land use issues, topographical factors, and site requirements for drilling operations, the monitoring holes 11 are laid out within the highway land boundary, generally at platforms in the upper and middle parts of the slope. If the slope is large, long longitudinally, or has complex geological conditions with diverse geological features, monitoring sections and monitoring holes 11 will be added according to the slope scale and geological conditions, prioritizing safe monitoring. When actually laying out the borehole locations on site, factors such as the slope deformation and failure mode, range, and scale should be fully considered to ensure that boreholes are laid out in the most sensitive areas of slope deformation.

[0056] The depth of monitoring borehole 11 is determined based on the actual situation, requiring it to penetrate 2-5m into stable rock and soil below the lowest potential sliding surface of the slope to reduce the torsional error of monitoring pipe 2. The specific borehole depth and potential sliding surface should be comprehensively determined based on the slope morphology and specific on-site engineering geological conditions as follows:

[0057] 1. The depth of the borehole shall not be less than 20m;

[0058] 2. When there is an outward-dipping weak structural surface in the target slope area 1, or when sliding or failure may occur along the weak structural surface, the lowest layer of weak structural surface exposed by excavation shall be taken as the lowest potential sliding surface.

[0059] During the construction of monitoring borehole 11, the vast majority of monitoring boreholes 11 should be placed on the slope platform, and the construction process should minimize damage to slope structures, such as platform drainage ditches. If any damage occurs, it should be repaired afterwards.

[0060] Hole formation should be carried out according to the requirements of exploration drilling, using an XY-100 rotary drilling rig or other similar machines. For soil and soft rock layers, alloy drill bits should be used; for intact, hard rock layers, diamond drill bits are recommended. The final borehole diameter should ideally be φ110mm, with a minimum of φ90mm. Drilling quality must be ensured. If borehole collapse or collapse occurs, appropriate measures such as using mud or casing should be taken to protect the borehole wall. After reaching the required depth, the borehole should be cleaned to minimize sediment at the bottom. If casing is used for wall protection, it should be removed only after monitoring tube 2 has been installed, taking care to avoid damaging monitoring tube 2 during removal.

[0061] S02, Installing monitoring pipe 2: Inserting monitoring pipe 2 section by section into the monitoring hole 11 from bottom to top, and connecting the sections of monitoring pipe 2 together; specifically including:

[0062] S021. Due to the large burial depth of the deep lateral displacement monitoring hole 11, the monitoring pipe 2 should be lengthened and spliced ​​in sections on-site. That is, first, the first section of the monitoring pipe 2 is placed at the bottom of the monitoring hole 11, then a connecting pipe is fitted onto the upper end of the first section of the monitoring pipe 2, and then the next section of the monitoring pipe 2 is aligned and fitted onto the connecting pipe to make the two sections of the monitoring pipe 2 connect tightly. After the connection is made, it is tightened with fasteners, such as fastening bolts. The monitoring pipe 2 is placed in section by section and the above steps are repeated until all sections of the monitoring pipe 2 are fitted together. The connection position between the monitoring pipes 2 should be sealed with waterproof tape to prevent cement slurry from seeping in.

[0063] S022. After the monitoring tube 2 is installed in place, use a compass to measure the axial direction of the monitoring tube 2 and adjust the position of the monitoring tube 2 so that the axial direction of the monitoring tube 2 is aligned with the cross-sectional direction or the main sliding direction of the slope. This step is used to calibrate the position of the monitoring tube 2.

[0064] S023. After the position of monitoring tube 2 is calibrated, cement and mortar are used to backfill between the outer wall of monitoring tube 2 and the inner wall of monitoring hole 11, and the backfill is vibrated and compacted to make it a whole. After the initial grouting has settled and stabilized, grouting should be added again until the hole opening is reached and compacted. The density of the backfill will directly affect the reliability of the monitoring data, so this step should ensure that the backfill is dense.

[0065] S024. Install a protective pipe within 0.5 to 1.0m below the opening of the uppermost monitoring pipe 2, and pour a concrete pier to fix the pipe opening. Install a protective cover and set up a sign at the pipe opening to prevent human damage and weeds from falling in.

[0066] S025. Measure and verify the elevation of the borehole opening of monitoring hole 11 to determine whether the elevation meets the construction requirements. If necessary, key points on the cross-section should also be measured and verified.

[0067] S03. Inclination Measurement: The inclinometer probe 32 is placed at different measuring points inside the monitoring tube 2 to measure the inclination angles of each segment of the axis of the monitoring tube 2 in the X and Y directions; specifically including:

[0068] S031, calibration inclinometer probe 32, data acquisition unit, cables and other commonly used components should also be inspected and qualified in advance;

[0069] S032. Place the inclinometer probe 32 at the measuring point and let it stand for a certain period of time, such as 5 minutes, to eliminate the influence of temperature difference (especially in summer and winter when the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the monitoring tube 2 is significant). Obtain the positive inclinometer result of the measuring point in the X or Y direction. Then, the inclinometer probe 32 is rotated 180° around the axis of the monitoring tube 2 to obtain the reverse inclinometer results of the measuring point in the X or Y direction. When the forward inclinometer results Compared with the reverse inclinometer results The absolute difference is less than If the two inclinometer results have opposite signs, the inclinometer result is considered valid and the inclinometer result ε is calculated according to the following formula. x or y As the measured angle of inclination:

[0070]

[0071] Otherwise, the inclination measurement results are deemed invalid and remeasured. This step can reduce the error at the zero point of the axis and improve the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring results.

[0072] Repeat this step, placing the inclinometer probe 32 at each measuring point in a bottom-up order, and measuring the inclinometer results of each segment of the monitoring tube 2 axis in the X and Y directions. Typically, the vertical distance between adjacent measuring points is 40-60cm, such as 50cm.

[0073] Furthermore, each time the forward inclinometer results are obtained... Or reverse inclinometer results When the inclinometer is in the same direction, n inclinometer results are continuously obtained, n≥3, until there is no significant difference in the values ​​of the n inclinometer results. The average value of the n inclinometer results is taken as the inclinometer result in that direction. This step can reduce reading error and improve reading accuracy.

[0074] During the measurement process, data should be recorded or stored in a timely manner. The inclinometer probe 32 can only be withdrawn after the data has been checked and found to be qualified. Otherwise, the cause should be analyzed and corrected in a timely manner.

[0075] S04. Calculate the horizontal plane coordinates: Calculate the horizontal plane coordinates of each measuring point based on the obtained inclination angle; specifically:

[0076] Using the bottom end of monitoring tube 2 as reference point O, the coordinates of reference point O are defined as (x0, y0). When deformation occurs inside the slope, the axis of monitoring tube 2 tilts, causing deflection. Through the above steps, the inclinometer probe 32 is used to obtain the inclinometer results of each measuring point in the X and Y directions, ε. xi and ε yi And calculate the horizontal coordinates (x, y) of each measuring point according to the following formula. j y j ):

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Where i represents the measurement point number, i = 1, 2, ... j, and L represents the distance between adjacent measurement points;

[0080] a xi ε represents the inclination angle of the i-th measuring point in the X direction.xi This represents the inclination measurement result of the i-th measuring point in the X direction;

[0081] a yi ε represents the inclination angle of the i-th measuring point in the Y direction. yi This represents the inclination measurement result of the i-th measuring point in the Y direction.

[0082] When ε xi or ε yi When ε > 0, it indicates a tilt towards the positive X-axis or Y-axis; when ε < 0, it indicates a tilt towards the positive X-axis or Y-axis. xi or ε yi When <0, it indicates a negative tilt towards the X-axis or Y-axis. The horizontal coordinates of each measuring point on the axis of the inclinometer tube can be calculated from the above formula.

[0083] S05. Repeat steps S01 to S04 to obtain the horizontal plane coordinates of at least two measurements. Subtract the horizontal plane coordinates of the current measurement from those of the previous measurement to obtain the horizontal displacement of the target slope area 1 within the time interval between the two measurements. After obtaining the horizontal displacement, a displacement-depth curve can be plotted based on the obtained horizontal displacement and the depth of the corresponding measuring point. Furthermore, a deformation rate-depth curve can be plotted based on the time interval between the two measurements to reflect the monitoring of deep slope deformation.

[0084] This embodiment further provides a high slope displacement monitoring system, including:

[0085] The monitoring hole 11 construction module is used to excavate a monitoring hole 11 of a certain depth in the Z direction of the target slope area 1.

[0086] The monitoring tube 2 embedding module is used to insert the monitoring tube 2 into the monitoring hole 11 section by section from bottom to top, and to connect the monitoring tube 2 sections by section.

[0087] Inclination module 3 is used to be inserted into different measuring points inside monitoring tube 2 to measure the inclination angle of each segment of the axis of monitoring tube 2 in the X and Y directions;

[0088] The horizontal plane coordinate calculation module is used to calculate the horizontal plane coordinates of each measuring point based on the obtained inclination angle.

[0089] The horizontal displacement calculation module is used to obtain the horizontal plane coordinates of at least two measurements. The difference between the horizontal plane coordinates of the current measurement and the previous measurement is used to obtain the horizontal displacement of the target slope area 1 within the time interval between the two measurements.

[0090] The monitoring system in this embodiment is based on the same inventive concept as the monitoring method described above, and can be understood with reference to the above description, which will not be repeated here.

[0091] Furthermore, in this embodiment, details are as follows: Figure 3As shown, the inclinometer module 3 includes:

[0092] The probe 31 is a long rod-shaped rod used to extend into the monitoring tube 2;

[0093] Inclinometer probe 32, which is set at the lower end of probe rod 31, is used to measure and obtain the inclination angle of each segment of the axis of monitoring tube 2 in the X and Y directions;

[0094] A data acquisition unit, which is connected to the inclinometer probe 32 for acquiring measurement signals;

[0095] A pair of guide wheels 33 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the probe rod 31, and the axial direction of the guide wheels 33 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the probe rod 31. The guide wheels 33 are used to guide the probe rod 31 to slide along the axial direction of the monitoring tube 2 to ensure that the inclinometer probe 32 slides along the axial direction of the monitoring tube 2.

[0096] The probe rod 31 has a receiving groove 311 for accommodating the guide wheel 33 at a position corresponding to the guide wheel 33. The guide wheel 33 is hinged to the probe rod 31 through a hinge frame 34 so that the guide wheel 33 can be folded into the receiving groove 311. When the probe rod 31 is guided to slide downward by one side of the guide wheel 33, the other side of the guide wheel 33 can be folded into the receiving groove 311 to avoid interference.

[0097] A guide hole 21 is formed inside the monitoring tube 2. At least one pair of guide grooves 22 are formed on the inner sidewall of the guide hole 21, which are oppositely distributed and adapted to the thickness of the guide wheel 33. The guide grooves 22 extend along the axial direction of the monitoring tube 2. The guide grooves 22 are used to cooperate with the guide wheel 33 to ensure the sliding stability of the probe 31 and prevent it from dislodging.

[0098] The high slope displacement monitoring method and system of this embodiment can monitor the deep horizontal displacement of the slope, and has the advantages of accurate, reliable and efficient monitoring.

[0099] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0100] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring displacement of high slopes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01. Arrange and construct monitoring holes: Excavate downwards along the Z direction in the target slope area to form monitoring holes of a certain depth; S02. Installing monitoring pipes: Insert monitoring pipes into the monitoring holes section by section from bottom to top, and connect the monitoring pipe sections one by one. S03. Inclination measurement: The inclinometer probe is placed at different measuring points inside the monitoring tube to measure the inclination angle of each segment of the monitoring tube axis in the X and Y directions. S04. Calculate the horizontal plane coordinates: Calculate the horizontal plane coordinates of each measuring point based on the obtained inclination angle; S05. Repeat steps S01 to S04 to obtain the horizontal plane coordinates of at least two measurements. Subtract the horizontal plane coordinates of the current measurement from the previous measurement to obtain the horizontal displacement of the target slope area during the time interval between the two measurements. Step S03 specifically includes: S031, Calibration Inclination Probe; S032. Place the inclinometer probe at the measuring point location, and after a certain period of time, obtain the forward inclinometer results of that measuring point location in the X or Y direction. Then, the inclinometer probe is rotated 180° around the axis of the monitoring tube to obtain the reverse inclinometer results of the measuring point in the X or Y direction. When the forward inclinometer results Compared with the reverse inclinometer results The absolute difference is less than If the two inclinometer results have opposite signs, the inclinometer result is considered valid and the inclinometer result is calculated according to the following formula. As the measured angle of inclination: ； Otherwise, the inclinometer result is deemed invalid and the measurement is repeated. This step is repeated, and the inclinometer probe is placed at each measuring point in a bottom-up order to measure the inclinometer results of each segment of the monitoring pipe axis in the X and Y directions. In step S032, the forward inclinometer results are obtained each time. Or reverse inclinometer results At the same time, continuously acquire the same direction. The results of the second inclinometer measurement until the result is obtained. The results of the two inclinometer measurements showed no significant numerical differences, so we took... The average value of the inclinometer results is taken as the inclinometer result in that direction; Step S04 is as follows: Using the bottom of the monitoring tube as a reference point Define the reference point The coordinates are ; Calculate the horizontal coordinates of each measuring point using the following formula. : ； ； in, Indicates the measurement point number. , Indicates the distance between adjacent measuring points; Indicates the first The inclination angle of each measuring point in the X direction. Indicates the first Inclination results of each measuring point in the X direction; Indicates the first The inclination angle of each measuring point in the Y direction. Indicates the first Inclination results of each measuring point in the Y direction.

2. The high slope displacement monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S01, several monitoring holes are set at different heights in the target slope area in stages; The depth of the monitoring hole shall not be less than 20m, and shall extend at least 2-5m into the stable rock and soil body below the lowest potential sliding surface of the slope. Wherein, when there is an outwardly dipping weak structural surface in the target slope area or where sliding or failure may occur along the weak structural surface, the lowest layer of weak structural surface exposed by excavation shall be used as the lowest potential sliding surface.

3. The high slope displacement monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S02 specifically includes: S021. Place the first monitoring tube into the bottom of the monitoring hole, and put the connecting tube on the upper end of the first monitoring tube. Align the next monitoring tube and put it on the connecting tube so that the two monitoring tubes are connected and tightly connected. Then, fasten the connection with fasteners. Put in the monitoring tubes one by one until the monitoring tubes are connected in sequence. S022. Measure the axial direction of the guide hole inside the monitoring tube and adjust the position of the monitoring tube so that its axial direction is in the same direction as the cross-sectional direction or the main sliding direction of the slope. S023. Cement and mortar are used to backfill the space between the monitoring pipe and the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and the grout is vibrated and compacted. After the initial grouting, grout is added again to the opening of the monitoring hole and compacted. S024. Install a protective pipe within 0.5~1.0m below the pipe opening of the monitoring pipe, and pour concrete piers to fix the pipe opening. Install a protective cover and set up a sign at the pipe opening. S025. Measure and verify the elevation of the borehole opening.

4. The high slope displacement monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S03, the vertical distance between adjacent measuring points is 40~60cm.

5. The high slope displacement monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S05 also includes: Based on the obtained horizontal displacement and the corresponding depth of the measuring point, a displacement-depth curve is plotted, and based on the time interval, a deformation rate-depth curve is plotted.

6. A high slope displacement monitoring system, employing the high slope displacement monitoring method described in claim 1 for high slope displacement monitoring, characterized in that, include: The monitoring hole construction module is used to excavate a monitoring hole of a certain depth in the Z direction in the target slope area; A monitoring tube installation module is used to insert monitoring tubes into the monitoring hole section by section from bottom to top, and to connect the monitoring tubes section by section. The inclination module is used to be inserted into different measuring points inside the monitoring tube to measure the inclination angle of each segment of the monitoring tube axis in the X and Y directions; The horizontal plane coordinate calculation module is used to calculate the horizontal plane coordinates of each measuring point based on the obtained inclination angle. The horizontal displacement calculation module is used to obtain the horizontal plane coordinates of at least two measurements. The difference between the horizontal plane coordinates of the current measurement and the previous measurement is used to obtain the horizontal displacement of the target slope area during the time interval between the two measurements. The inclinometer module includes: The probe, which is long and rod-shaped, is used to extend into the monitoring tube; An inclinometer probe, which is installed at the lower end of the probe rod, is used to measure and obtain the inclination angles of each segment of the monitoring pipe axis in the X and Y directions; A data acquisition unit, which is connected to the inclinometer probe for acquiring measurement signals; A pair of guide wheels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the probe axis, and the axial direction of the guide wheels is perpendicular to the axial direction of the probe. The probe has a receiving groove for accommodating the guide wheel at a position corresponding to the guide wheel. The guide wheel is hinged to the probe by a hinge frame so that the guide wheel can be folded into the receiving groove. The inner sidewall of the monitoring tube has at least a pair of oppositely distributed guide grooves adapted to the thickness of the guide wheel, and the guide grooves extend along the axial direction of the monitoring tube.

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