A test device and method for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device and method for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine, comprising a frame, on which a tangential force loading mechanism is suspended, the tangential force loading mechanism is connected to a drill bit, on which a pick is fixed; below the drill bit is a sample driving device, the sample driving device comprises a vertical force loading mechanism, a swing drive, a rotation drive and a sample bearing device; the vertical force loading mechanism is equipped with a swing drive, the swing drive drives the sample bearing device to swing, and the rotation drive drives the sample bearing device to rotate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of cantilever tunneling machine testing, and in particular relates to a test device and method for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunneling machine. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing demand for tunnel engineering in urban subways, highways, water conservancy and other industries, as well as the improvement of the quality and safety performance of tunnel engineering, cantilever tunnel boring machines have begun to be widely used in complex cross-section subway tunnels, highway tunnel projects, and complex environment urban subway dark excavation tunnels. This shows that the application of cantilever tunnel boring machines in the tunnel field has good prospects and development space. The establishment of a cantilever tunnel boring machine rock breaking simulation platform can simulate different geological conditions, cross-section shapes, tunneling parameters and rock breaking methods, evaluate and optimize the performance and efficiency of the cantilever tunnel boring machine, and provide scientific basis and technical support for the design and construction of tunnel engineering. At the same time, it can realize the combination of virtual simulation and physical testing of cantilever tunnel boring machines, improve the reliability and safety of cantilever tunnel boring machines, reduce the failure rate and maintenance cost of cantilever tunnel boring machines, and extend the service life of cantilever tunnel boring machines.

[0003] The main disadvantages of the existing test device for simulating rock breaking of a boom tunnel boring machine are:

[0004] 1. In actual construction, each pick at different positions of the drill bit has different mechanisms for rock breaking. The traditional boom tunneling machine simulation device only has a single pick for rock breaking in one direction, and cannot simulate the synergistic effect of picks at different angles and positions during actual construction;

[0005] 2. During the rock breaking process of the boom tunnel boring machine, as the mechanical arm changes, the contact angle between the drill bit and the tunnel face is not fixed, and the pick rotates continuously with the drill bit, so the contact between the pick on the drill bit and the tunnel face is constantly changing. The existing boom tunnel boring machine simulation device requires that the angle between the sample and the pick does not change, and the pick rotates and presses into the sample. This is too different from the actual construction conditions and cannot correctly reflect the rock breaking mechanism of the boom tunnel boring machine. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and method for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine, aiming to simulate the rock breaking process of a cantilever tunnel boring machine in actual construction, and provide guidance and basis for actual construction and research on rock breaking mechanism.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a test device for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine, comprising a frame, on which a tangential force loading mechanism is suspended, the tangential force loading mechanism is connected to a drill bit, and a pick is fixed on the drill bit; below the drill bit is a sample driving device, the sample driving device comprises a vertical force loading mechanism, a swing drive, a rotation drive and a sample bearing device; the vertical force loading mechanism is equipped with a swing drive, the swing drive drives the sample bearing device to swing, and the rotation drive device drives the sample bearing device to rotate.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the vertical force loading mechanism includes a plurality of loading cylinders, the plurality of loading cylinders drive the loading platform to rise and fall, and a swing drive is installed on the loading platform.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the swing drive includes a plurality of jacks, and the plurality of jacks are arranged on the loading platform along the outer ring of the loading platform.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the sample supporting device includes a support seat and a sample support platform. The sample support platform and the support seat are matched in a concave and convex manner, and the sample support platform can rotate relative to the support seat under the drive of a rotary drive. A sample placement hole is provided at the top center position of the sample support platform for placing the sample.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the power output end of the swing drive is connected to the support base, and the swing of the sample support base is achieved by driving the support base to swing.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the tangential force loading mechanism is connected to the drill bit via an angle adjuster.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the angle adjuster includes an angle adjustment jack, a connecting column and an angle adjuster top plate; the connecting column is fixedly connected to the drill bit, and the connecting column is hinged to the angle adjuster top plate; the angle adjustment jack is hinged to the drill bit and the angle adjuster top plate.

[0015] As a further technical solution, a force sensor is arranged at the connection position between the angle adjuster top plate and the tangential force loading mechanism.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the tangential force loading mechanism is a linear motor, which drives the drill bit to perform tangential movement relative to the sample.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the frame includes a top plate and columns arranged at four corners of the top, a corbel is arranged on the top plate, and a tangential force loading mechanism is installed on the corbel.

[0018] In the second aspect, the present invention further provides a test method based on the test device for simulating rock breaking of a boom tunnel boring machine, which is specifically as follows:

[0019] 1) Place the sample in the sample holding device and secure it firmly;

[0020] 2) Adjust the number and relative position of picks according to test requirements, and control the drive to preset the contact angle between the drill and the specimen by adjusting the drill angle;

[0021] 3) After the rotary drive drives the sample to start rotating, the vertical force loading mechanism is turned on to make the drill bit contact the sample and start simulating the rock breaking process;

[0022] 4) According to the predetermined rock breaking mode, the drill bit and the sample are made to present different contact angles and cutting speeds by adjusting the swing drive and the rotation drive, and the position of the cutting teeth is adjusted by the tangential force loading mechanism to complete the corresponding test.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the test device for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1) The test device for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine proposed in the present invention takes into account the different tunneling postures during the construction process of the cantilever tunnel boring machine, and realizes real-time adjustment of different cutting angles of the sample by controlling the vertical force loading mechanism, the tangential force loading mechanism, the swing drive, the rotation drive, etc., so that the simulation is more in line with the actual project. That is, the present invention realizes real-time adjustment of different cutting angles of the sample through the cooperation of the vertical force loading mechanism, the tangential force loading mechanism, the swing drive, the rotation drive, etc., so that the simulation is more in line with the actual project.

[0025] 2) The pick of the present invention is flexible to install, and the relative position and number of the picks on the drill bit can be adjusted, which is conducive to simulating the rock breaking state of picks with different relative positions, different numbers and different angles during the excavation process.

[0026] 3) The present invention fully considers the rock breaking state of the cutting teeth of the tunnel boring machine during the construction process of the cantilever tunnel boring machine, drives the sample to rotate through the rotary drive, and drives the drill bit to move through the tangential force loading mechanism, so that the tunnel boring drill bit rotates in a spiral direction to break the rock. It is an indoor simulation mechanism that can more realistically simulate the working state of the tunnel boring machine. It is easy to install and operate, and provides guidance and basis for actual construction and rock breaking mechanism research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of a cantilever tunnel boring machine simulation platform disclosed in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a lower part diagram of the cantilever tunnel boring machine simulation platform disclosed in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the lower part of the cantilever tunnel boring machine simulation platform disclosed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a framework diagram disclosed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a drill bit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the drill bit of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a pick according to the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: the spacing or size between parts is exaggerated to show the position of each part, and the schematic diagram is for illustration only. 1-vertical force loading mechanism; 2-swing drive; 3-rotation drive; 4-sample bearing device; 5-tangential force loading mechanism; 6-frame; 7-drilling bit; 8-bottom plate; 9-loading cylinder; 10-leg jack; 11-sample support platform; 12-sample placement hole; 13-column; 14-tangential force loading motor; 15-force sensor; 16-drill bit angle adjuster; 17-drill bit housing; 18-cutting tooth mounting platform; 19-cutting tooth; 20-loading support platform; 21-corbel; 22-top plate; 23-support seat; 24-angle adjustment jack; 25-connecting column; 26-angle adjuster top plate; 27-mounting slot; 28-cutting tooth three-way force sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise explicitly stated in the present invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof;

[0038] For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present invention, they only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] As introduced in the background technology, there are deficiencies in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a test device for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine.

[0040] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, a test device for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine disclosed in the present embodiment includes an upper structure and a lower structure, wherein the lower structure includes: a vertical force loading mechanism 1, a swing drive 2, a rotation drive 3, and a sample bearing device 4; the upper structure includes: a frame 6, a tangential force loading mechanism 5, a tunneling drill bit 7, etc.; the test device for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine proposed in the present embodiment takes into account different tunneling postures during the construction process of the cantilever tunnel boring machine, and realizes real-time adjustment of different cutting angles of the sample by controlling the vertical force loading mechanism 1, the tangential force loading mechanism 5, the swing drive 2, the rotation drive 3, etc., so that the simulation is more in line with the actual project, that is, the test device for simulating rock breaking of a cantilever tunnel boring machine proposed in the present embodiment realizes real-time adjustment of different cutting angles of the sample by mutual cooperation and coordination among the vertical force loading mechanism 1, the tangential force loading mechanism 5, the swing drive 2, the rotation drive 3, etc., so that the simulation is more in line with the actual project. Specifically, the vertical force loading mechanism 1 is used to adjust the contact area and drilling depth between the sample and the drill bit in the vertical direction, and the tangential force loading mechanism 5 is used to adjust the horizontal relative position of the drill bit and the sample to complete the tangential adjustment of the sample and the cutting tooth; the swing drive 2 and the rotation drive 3 are used to make the drill bit and the sample present different contact angles and cutting speeds; the drill bit angle adjuster 16 is used to adjust the initial contact angle between the drill bit and the sample to achieve the adjustment of the number and large angle of the cutting teeth on the drill bit acting on the sample, so as to ensure that the required cutting teeth can contact the sample; the installation of the number and position of the cutting teeth is completed through the tunneling drill bit 7 to ensure that simulation of different working conditions can be achieved; the force sensor 15 is used to collect the size and direction of the force acting on the sample and the drill bit as a whole during the cutting process; the three-way force sensor 28 of the cutting tooth is used to collect the size and direction of the force acting on a single cutting tooth during the test; the frame 6 is used to provide the reaction force generated during the cutting process, etc.

[0041] Further, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the vertical force loading mechanism 1 in this embodiment includes a base plate 8, a loading cylinder 9, and a loading platform 20. The loading cylinder 9 is fixed on the base plate 8. The loading cylinder 9 drives a loading platform 20 to move up and down, and the device is lifted by pressurizing to provide the vertical force required for the experiment.

[0042] Furthermore, the swing drive 2 includes a plurality of leg jacks 10, which are arranged on the outer ring of the loading platform 20. The plurality of leg jacks 10 constitute the swing drive. By adjusting the different heights of each leg jack 10 during the experiment, the sample and the drill bit present different cutting angles.

[0043] Furthermore, the sample supporting device 4 includes a pedestal seat 23 and a sample platform 11, the sample platform 11 and the pedestal seat 23 are matched in a concave-convex manner, and the sample platform 11 can rotate relative to the pedestal seat 23 under the drive of the rotary drive 3, and a sample placement hole 12 is provided at the top center position of the sample platform 11 for placing the sample; the above-mentioned several leg jacks 10 are arranged on the outer ring of the loading platform 20, and the power output end of the leg jack 10 is connected to the pedestal seat 23, and the swing of the sample platform 11 is realized by driving the swing of the pedestal seat 23.

[0044] Furthermore, the rotary drive 3 is arranged at the bottom center position of the sample support platform 11, and can drive the rotary drive 3 to rotate relative to the outer ring seat 23, thereby realizing the rotation of the sample. The rotary drive 3 drives the sample support platform 11 to rotate by rotating, simulating the cutting process in actual construction.

[0045] Furthermore, the rotary drive 3 is a common drive motor.

[0046] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the external frame 6 is composed of four columns 13 and a top plate 22. The columns 13 are connected to the ground to provide the reaction force generated during the experiment. The top plate 22 is arranged on the top of the columns 13. A corbel 21 is installed at the center position of the frame top plate 22.

[0047] Further, such as Figure 5As shown, the tangential force loading mechanism 7 includes a tangential force loading motor 14, a force sensor 15, a drill bit angle adjuster 16, a drill bit 17, and a pick 19; the base of the tangential force loading motor 14 is installed on the corbel 21, and the tangential force loading motor 14 can drive the drill bit below to move along the corbel, thereby changing the relative position of the drill bit below and the sample, so as to better simulate the excavation path of the actual construction drill bit. The tangential force loading motor 14 is connected to the drill bit 17 through the drill bit angle adjuster 16 to adjust the contact angle between the drill bit 17 and the sample, and a force sensor 15 is arranged at the connection position between the drill bit angle adjuster 16 and the tangential force loading motor 14. The excavation drill bit 17 is consistent with the actual construction drill bit. A plurality of pick mounting platforms 18 are arranged in a spiral direction on the outer ring of the drill bit 17, and picks 19 are installed on the pick mounting platforms 18. Picks 19 of different numbers and positions can be installed according to test requirements.

[0048] Further, such as Figure 7 As shown, the pick mounting platform 18 includes a mounting slot 27 and a pick three-way force sensor 28 ; the mounting slot 27 can fix the position of the pick 19 , and the pick three-way force sensor 28 can collect the magnitude and direction of the force applied to a single pick 19 during the test.

[0049] Furthermore, the tangential force loading motor 14 is a linear motor, and outputs a linear driving force.

[0050] Furthermore, the drill bit angle adjuster 16 in this embodiment includes an angle adjustment jack 24, a connecting column 25 and an angle adjuster top plate 26; the angle adjuster top plate 26 is fixed to the force sensor 15; the connecting column 25 is fixedly connected to the force sensor 15 and is hinged to the angle adjuster top plate 26; the angle adjustment jack 25 is hinged to the force sensor 15 and the angle adjuster top plate 26; according to the test requirements, the drill bit 17 and the angle adjuster top plate 26 can be made to present different angles by controlling the length of the angle adjustment jack 25, thereby completing the large angle adjustment of the drill bit and realizing that different numbers and positions of cutting teeth are in contact with the sample in the initial state of the test.

[0051] Furthermore, before the test begins, the angle of the drill bit 17 and the initial state of the sample is adjusted at a large angle through the angle adjuster 16 according to the number and position of the cutting teeth 19 on the drill bit 17. After the adjustment, the state of the angle adjuster 16 is fixed. During the test, the angle adjuster 16 is no longer adjusted. During the experiment, the two pairs of cutting angles are fine-tuned by relying on the bottom swing drive.

[0052] The rock breaking simulation test steps of the boom tunnel boring machine proposed in this embodiment are as follows:

[0053] 1) Place the sample on the sample support 11 and fix the sample firmly;

[0054] 2) adjusting the number and relative position of the picks 19 according to the test requirements, and adjusting the drill angle to control the drive to preset the contact angle between the drill and the sample;

[0055] 3) Turn on the motor to make the rotating base drive the sample to start rotating, then turn on the vertical force loading mechanism to make the drill bit contact with the sample and start simulating the rock breaking process;

[0056] 4) According to the predetermined rock breaking mode, the drill bit and the sample are made to present different contact angles, cutting speeds, etc. by adjusting the swing drive and the rotation drive, and the position of the cutting teeth is adjusted by the tangential force loading mechanism to complete the corresponding test.

[0057] 5) During the test, the force sensor 15 is used to collect the magnitude of the force between the drill bit 7 and the sample during the cutting process, and the three-axis force sensor 28 of the pick is used to collect the magnitude and direction of the force applied to a single pick during the test, so as to provide test data for subsequent research on the cutting mechanism and determination of the power of the cantilever tunneling machine in actual engineering.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating rock breaking by a cantilever tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame, on which a tangential force loading mechanism is suspended, the tangential force loading mechanism is connected to a drill bit, on which a pick is fixed; below the drill bit is a sample driving device, the sample driving device comprises a vertical force loading mechanism, a swing drive, a rotation drive and a sample bearing device; the vertical force loading mechanism is equipped with a swing drive, the swing drive drives the sample bearing device to swing, and the rotation drive drives the sample bearing device to rotate; The tangential force loading mechanism is connected to the drill bit via an angle adjuster; The angle adjuster comprises an angle adjustment jack, a connecting column and an angle adjuster top plate; the connecting column is fixedly connected to the drill bit, and the connecting column is hinged to the angle adjuster top plate; the angle adjustment jack is hinged to the drill bit and the angle adjuster top plate; According to the test requirements, the length of the angle adjustment jack is controlled to make the drill bit and the top plate of the angle adjuster present different angles, complete the large angle adjustment of the drill bit, and achieve different numbers and positions of picks in contact with the sample in the initial state of the test.

2. The test device for simulating rock breaking of a boom tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical force loading mechanism comprises a plurality of loading cylinders, and the plurality of loading cylinders drive the loading platform to rise and fall, and a swing drive is installed on the loading platform.

3. The test device for simulating rock breaking of a boom tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing drive comprises a plurality of jacks, and the plurality of jacks are arranged on the loading platform along the outer ring of the loading platform.

4. The test device for simulating rock breaking of a boom tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample supporting device includes a support seat and a sample support platform. The sample support platform and the support seat are matched in a concave-convex manner, and the sample support platform can rotate relative to the support seat under the drive of a rotary drive. A sample placement hole is provided at the top center position of the sample support platform for placing the sample.

5. The test device for simulating rock breaking of a boom tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power output end of the swing drive is connected to the support base, and the swing of the sample support base is achieved by driving the support base to swing.

6. The test device for simulating rock breaking of a boom tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A force sensor is arranged at the connection position between the top plate of the angle adjuster and the tangential force loading mechanism.

7. The test device for simulating rock breaking of a boom tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame comprises a top plate and columns arranged at four corners of the top, a corbel is arranged on the top plate, and a tangential force loading mechanism is installed on the corbel.

8. A test method based on the test device for simulating rock breaking of a boom tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: as follows: 1) Place the sample in the sample holding device and secure it firmly; 2) Adjust the number of picks and their relative positions according to test requirements, and control the drive to preset the contact angle between the drill and the specimen by adjusting the drill angle; 3) After the rotary drive drives the sample to start rotating, the vertical force loading mechanism is turned on to make the drill bit contact the sample and start simulating the rock breaking process; 4) According to the predetermined rock breaking mode, the drill bit and the sample are made to present different contact angles and cutting speeds by adjusting the swing drive and the rotation drive, and the position of the cutting teeth is adjusted by the tangential force loading mechanism to complete the corresponding test.

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