A kind of cylindrical gear whirlpool type roll finishing processing tool clamp

Abstract

The application discloses a cylindrical gear spiral flow type roll grinding finishing tool clamp, which comprises a tool shaft, the tool shaft comprises a tool shaft upper section, a tool shaft middle section and a tool shaft lower section which are coaxially connected in sequence from large to small in shaft diameter; a protective cover is coaxially sleeved outside the tool shaft middle section, and the side of the protective cover close to the tool shaft upper section is coaxially sleeved with a nylon block; a cylindrical gear is placed below the protective cover; a fastening assembly for fixing the cylindrical gear is coaxially sleeved outside the tool shaft lower section; wherein the protective cover is provided with an annular upper cover, at least three arc-shaped shells are uniformly arranged on the outer edge of the upper cover downwards, and the inner wall of the shell is provided with a tooth groove matched with the tooth profile structure of the cylindrical gear; the protective cover is used for covering the top of the cylindrical gear and part of the gear teeth outside, and part of the gear teeth is exposed for experiment. The application solves the problems of high cost and low efficiency of the existing cylindrical gear spiral flow type roll grinding finishing experiment.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tumbling finishing technology, specifically relating to a tooling fixture suitable for swirling tumbling finishing of cylindrical gears. [Background Technology]

[0002] Gears, as a representative of basic components, are the core and foundation of major equipment, directly determining the performance, level, and reliability of major equipment and mainframes, and are a bottleneck restricting the development of major equipment in my country. Currently, the precision of some gear parts in my country has reached or is close to the international advanced level, but a considerable number of gear products still lag significantly behind international advanced levels in terms of vibration noise and fatigue life. These gaps are closely related to the surface integrity of gears. Therefore, for gear parts, we need to conduct a large number of rolling finishing experiments to study the influence of different initial surface conditions, rotational speed, workpiece position, processing time, and other process parameters on surface roughness, surface residual stress, surface microhardness, and microstructure, and to obtain the relationship between rolling finishing process parameters and surface integrity characteristics.

[0003] Invention patent ZL201020684929.8, "An Automatic Finishing Machine," first proposed the basic structure and principle of a vortex-type tumbling finishing equipment: the workpiece is embedded in a drum containing abrasive particles; the spindle drives the workpiece to rotate, while the drum also rotates, causing the abrasive particles inside the drum to move. Generally, the two rotate in opposite directions, thereby achieving high-frequency scratching, collision, and micro-grinding between the abrasive particles and the workpiece surface, thus achieving the finishing requirements of the workpiece surface. Compared with other mechanical surface treatment methods, the vortex-type tumbling finishing process is simple, efficient, and produces good quality results.

[0004] Currently, to address the issue of the large number of teeth consumed in large-scale grinding and finishing of basic test gears, a method is used: all the teeth of one gear are cut off, and then one tooth of another gear is cut off. During the experiment, the teeth cut off from the former gear are riveted to the "notch" of the latter, ensuring that the latter maintains its complete gear structure. However, this method is cumbersome in terms of drilling, complicated assembly and disassembly, costly, and inefficient. [Summary of the Invention]

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tooling fixture suitable for the swirl-type grinding and finishing of cylindrical gears, so as to solve the problems of high experimental cost and low efficiency of existing swirl-type grinding and finishing of cylindrical gears.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a tooling fixture suitable for swirl-type tumbling finishing of cylindrical gears, comprising a tooling shaft, the tooling shaft comprising an upper section, a middle section, and a lower section of the tooling shaft with successively decreasing shaft diameters and coaxially connected; a protective cover is coaxially fitted on the middle section of the tooling shaft, and a nylon block is coaxially fitted on the side of the protective cover near the upper section of the tooling shaft; a cylindrical gear is placed below the protective cover; a fastening assembly for fixing the cylindrical gear is coaxially fitted on the lower section of the tooling shaft.

[0007] The protective cover has an annular top cover with at least three arc-shaped outer shells evenly distributed downwards on the outer edge of the top cover. The inner wall of the outer shell has tooth grooves that match the tooth structure of the cylindrical gear. The protective cover is used to cover the top of the cylindrical gear and part of the gear teeth, and exposes part of the gear teeth for experiments.

[0008] Furthermore, a gap is left between each pair of adjacent outer shells of the protective cover to expose at least three tooth end face widths.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer radius of the outer shell is larger than the tip circle radius of the cylindrical gear, with a radius difference of less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the nylon block is detachable, and its length can be set in various ways depending on the thickness of the cylindrical gear.

[0011] Furthermore, an annular upper clamping block is coaxially arranged between the nylon block and the protective cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the fastening assembly includes an annular lower clamping block and a fastener coaxially disposed on the lower section of the tooling shaft, with the lower clamping block being disposed in close contact with the cylindrical gear.

[0013] Furthermore, a spring washer is provided between the lower clamping block and the fastener.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By protecting the test piece with a protective cover and processing it in sections, this invention can significantly reduce the number of test pieces required for research experiments on tumbling finishing processes. It allows for teeth with different processing parameters to appear on the same gear test piece, solving problems such as low efficiency and complex assembly / disassembly. This enables a single test piece to achieve finishing effects with multiple parameter combinations, greatly reducing test piece consumption and achieving surface integrity essentially consistent with that obtained from actual gear tumbling finishing, ensuring that subsequent data analysis meets expectations. The device of this invention is simple to clamp, highly versatile, and low in cost. It can be used for cylindrical gear parts requiring extensive basic process experiments, and can be applied to gear parts of different sizes within the same type by controlling the axial length of the nylon block. [Attached Image Description]

[0015] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a tooling fixture for swirl-type tumbling finishing of cylindrical gears according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective cover of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the protective cover and cylindrical gear of the present invention are installed;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view.

[0019] Among them, 101. Upper section of tooling shaft, 102. Middle section of tooling shaft, 103. Lower section of tooling shaft, 2. Nylon block, 3. Upper clamping block, 4. Protective cover, 401. Upper cover, 402. Outer shell, 5. Cylindrical gear, 501. Gear tooth, 502. Hub, 6. Lower clamping block, 7. Spring washer, 8. Fastener.

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] This invention provides a tooling fixture suitable for swirl-type tumbling finishing of cylindrical gears, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a tooling shaft comprising an upper section 101, a middle section 102, and a lower section 103, all coaxially connected and with decreasing shaft diameters. The upper section 101 can be quickly mounted and dismounted onto the spindle of a tumbling grinding finishing machine. During machining, the workpiece rotates, causing the tooling shaft to rotate. A step between the middle section 102 and the upper section 101 provides axial positioning for the fixture.

[0022] The middle section 102 of the tooling shaft is coaxially fitted with a protective cover 4. A hollow cylindrical nylon block 2 is coaxially fitted on the side of the protective cover 4 near the upper section 101 of the tooling shaft. A cylindrical gear 5 is placed below the protective cover 4. A fastening assembly for fixing and locking the cylindrical gear 5 is coaxially fitted on the lower section 103 of the tooling shaft.

[0023] The gear protective cover is 3D printed, and the material for the protective cover 4 is typically high-wear-resistant nylon. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the protective cover 4 has an annular upper cover 401. At least three arc-shaped outer shells 402 are evenly distributed downwards along the outer edge of the upper cover 401, with each outer shell 402 located on the same circumference arc. The inner wall of the outer shell 402 has tooth grooves that match the tooth structure of the cylindrical gear 5. The protective cover 4 is used to cover the top of the cylindrical gear 5 and enclose part of the outer side of the teeth 501, but does not cover the bottom of the teeth 501. Part of the teeth are exposed between adjacent outer shells 402 for experimental purposes.

[0024] The exposed teeth are used for tumbling and finishing experiments with the same parameters. After the experiment, these exposed teeth are destroyed. Rotating the protective cover 4 exposes other intact teeth, which can then be used for tumbling and finishing experiments with another parameter. By involving only a portion of the teeth in each experiment, the service life of the teeth on the same cylindrical gear is increased.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the protective cover 4 is designed according to the dimensions of the cylindrical gear 5 in the test piece. A gap of at least three tooth end faces is left between each pair of adjacent outer shells 402 of the protective cover 4. Figure 4 As shown, after the protective cover 4 is installed, for example, three sets of teeth can be evenly exposed, each set of teeth including three gear teeth.

[0026] In some embodiments, to avoid affecting the abrasive flow field and ensure the wear resistance of the protective cover, the protective cover 4 and the cylindrical gear 5 are clearance-fitted, ensuring that only the machined teeth are exposed during the tumbling finishing process of the cylindrical gear, while protecting the unmachined / machined teeth. The outer radius of the outer shell 402 is larger than the tip circle radius of the cylindrical gear 5, with a radius difference of less than or equal to 2 mm. The thickness of the remaining portion of the protective cover 4 is 5-10 mm.

[0027] For ease of installation and removal, one end of the protective cover 4 is designed to be open, and the outer shell 402 is used to cover the top and outer side of the teeth of the cylindrical gear 5. After the cylindrical gear 5 and the protective cover 4 are installed in place, the bottom surface of the outer shell 402 is flush with the bottom surface of the teeth, that is, the height of the inner wall of the outer shell 402 is equal to the tooth width of the cylindrical gear 5. The purpose of this design is to ensure that the protective cover 4 completely covers the unmachined / machined teeth in the cylindrical gear 5, and to prevent abrasive impacts from damaging the end face of the open end of the protective cover during experiments, thus exposing the tooth surface protected by the protective cover 4 to abrasive particles.

[0028] In some embodiments, an annular upper clamping block 3 is coaxially disposed between the nylon block 2 and the protective cover 4. The outer diameter of the upper clamping block 3 is the same as the diameter of the hub 502 of the cylindrical gear 5, and the inner hole of the upper clamping block 3 is clearance-fitted with the middle section 102 of the tooling shaft.

[0029] In some embodiments, the nylon block 2 is detachable, and its length is varied depending on the thickness of the cylindrical gear 5. For test pieces with different axial lengths, i.e., the length of the cylindrical gear 5, different lengths of nylon block 2 can be used to achieve the threaded locking length of the lower section 103 of the tooling shaft. The length of the nylon block 2 = the length of the middle section 102 of the tooling shaft - the length of the upper clamping block 3 - the length after the protective cover and cylindrical gear are installed in place. The nylon block 2 is used to increase the axial distance and for axial positioning via the stepped section 102 of the middle section of the tooling shaft.

[0030] In some embodiments, the fastening assembly includes a lower clamping block 6 and a fastener 8 coaxially disposed on the lower section 103 of the tooling shaft. The lower clamping block 6 is disposed in close contact with the cylindrical gear 5. In practice, the fastener 8 can be a hexagonal nut. The lower clamping block 6 contacts the surface of the hub 502 of the test cylindrical gear 5, which can increase the contact area with the cylindrical gear 5 to increase the friction. The outer diameter of the lower clamping block 6 is the same as the diameter of the hub 502 of the test cylindrical gear 5, and the lower clamping block 6 is coaxially mounted with the lower section 103 of the tooling shaft.

[0031] In some embodiments, a spring washer 7 is provided between the lower clamping block 6 and the fastener 8.

[0032] The present invention provides a method for using a tooling fixture suitable for swirl-type tumbling finishing of cylindrical gears:

[0033] Print the 3D protective cover, measure the axial length of the test piece 5, and calculate the overall axial length of the fixture, including the axial length of the nylon block 2, the thickness of the upper clamping block 3 and the lower clamping block 6, and the overall axial length of the protective cover 4 and the test piece 5. Select a suitable length of nylon block 2 so that the axial length of the fixture body just reaches the thread of the lower section 103 of the tooling shaft before it can be connected and clamped with hexagonal nut 7 and spring washer 8.

[0034] After selecting the appropriate parts, begin installation. Remove the tooling shaft from the tumbling and finishing equipment and invert it. Install the nylon block 2 and the upper clamping block 3 onto the middle section 102 of the tooling shaft in sequence. After the protective cover 4 is installed on the test piece 5 and becomes a whole, it is then fitted onto the middle section 102 of the tooling shaft. Manually adjust its radial position to make it coaxial with the tooling shaft. Then, install the lower clamping block 6 and manually adjust it to be coaxial. At this point, tighten it through the thread of the lower section 103 of the tooling shaft using the spring washer 8 and the hexagonal nut 7. The clamping of the fixture is now complete.

[0035] Finally, the upper section 101 of the tooling shaft is quickly installed and removed onto the main shaft of the cyclone grinding finishing machine. During the processing, the workpiece, namely the cylindrical gear, is rotated by the rotation of the main shaft, which drives the tooling shaft to rotate, thereby causing the grinding block to periodically scratch, collide and perform micro-grinding on the gear test piece.

[0036] This invention significantly reduces the number of test pieces required for tumbling finishing process research by using a protective cover to process the test piece in sections. It allows for teeth with different processing parameters to appear on the same gear test piece, solving problems such as low efficiency and complex assembly / disassembly. This enables a single test piece to achieve finishing effects with multiple parameter combinations, greatly reducing test piece consumption and achieving surface integrity essentially consistent with that obtained from actual gear tumbling finishing, ensuring that subsequent data analysis meets expectations. The device of this invention is simple to clamp, highly versatile, and low in cost. It can be used for cylindrical gear parts requiring extensive basic process testing and can be applied to gear parts of different sizes within the same type by controlling the axial length of the nylon block.

Claims

1. A fixture suitable for swirl-type tumbling finishing of cylindrical gears, characterized in that, The tooling shaft includes an upper section (101), a middle section (102), and a lower section (103) of the tooling shaft, which are coaxially connected and have successively decreasing shaft diameters. A protective cover (4) is coaxially fitted on the middle section (102), and a nylon block (2) is coaxially fitted on the side of the protective cover (4) near the upper section (101). The nylon block (2) is detachable, and the length of the nylon block (2) is set in various ways depending on the thickness of the cylindrical gear (5). The protective cover (4) is used to place the cylindrical gear (5) below; the lower section (103) of the tooling shaft is coaxially fitted with a fastening assembly for fixing the cylindrical gear (5); The protective cover (4) has an annular top cover (401). The outer edge of the top cover (401) is uniformly provided with at least three arc-shaped outer shells (402). The inner wall of the outer shell (402) is provided with tooth grooves that match the tooth structure of the cylindrical gear (5). The protective cover (4) is used to cover the top of the cylindrical gear (5) and some of the teeth (501), and expose some of the teeth (501) for experiments.

2. The fixture for swirl-type grinding and finishing of cylindrical gears as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover (4) leaves a gap between each pair of adjacent outer shells (402) to expose at least three tooth end face widths.

3. A fixture for swirl-type grinding and finishing of cylindrical gears as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The outer radius of the outer shell (402) is larger than the tip circle radius of the cylindrical gear (5), and the radius difference is less than or equal to 2 mm.

4. A fixture for swirl-type tumbling finishing of cylindrical gears as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, An annular upper pressing block (3) is coaxially arranged between the nylon block (2) and the protective cover (4).

5. A fixture for swirl-type grinding and finishing of cylindrical gears as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fastening assembly includes an annular lower clamping block (6) and a fastener (8) coaxially disposed on the lower section (103) of the tooling shaft, wherein the lower clamping block (6) is disposed in close contact with the cylindrical gear (5).

6. A fixture for swirl-type grinding and finishing of cylindrical gears as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A spring washer (7) is provided between the lower pressing block (6) and the fastener (8).

Images