A soil model test box capable of realizing continuous change of fault dislocation

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of tunnel mechanics experiment analysis, and discloses a soil model test box capable of realizing continuous change of fault dislocation, which comprises a box body, a first supporting part and a second supporting part arranged in the box body. The first supporting part comprises a first jacking piece, a first side plate and a plurality of first jacking plates. The first side plate can be fixedly connected with an adjacent first jacking plate or sequentially connected with the plurality of first jacking plates in the direction from the first side plate to the first jacking plates. After the first side plate is connected with the first jacking plates, the first jacking piece can drive the first jacking plates to move and simultaneously drive the first side plate to move, so that the soil body moves under the driving of the first jacking piece and the first side plate. The application realizes the control of the length of the dislocated soil body and the fault dip angle by selectively connecting different numbers of first jacking plates with the first side plate and changing the connection between the first jacking piece and the first jacking plates at different positions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel mechanics test and analysis technology, and in particular to a geotechnical model test chamber that can realize continuous changes in fault displacement. Background Technology

[0002] Due to earthquakes, soil fractures and faults form. Under the influence of fault displacement, tunnels are prone to shear failure, torsional deformation, and other disasters. To explore the stress and deformation mechanism of strata and tunnels under fault displacement, indoor model tests are currently used to simulate the fault displacement process. Existing technologies for geotechnical model test chambers that can realize continuous changes in fault displacement include an outer chamber, jacks, a jacking rod, and a base plate. The jacks are connected to the jacking rod, and the soil is placed inside the chamber and located on the upper surface of the base plate. By controlling the movement of the jacking rod, the base plate is raised or lowered to achieve the displacement of the soil, thereby simulating the fault displacement distance. For soil fault dip angles at different angles, existing technologies mostly study fault slippage at 90° and 45°. Therefore, the existing fault model boxes can only achieve fault dip angles of 90° and 45°, and cannot flexibly change the fault dip angle. In addition, the length of the bottom plate that slips inside the model box is fixed, which means that the length of the soil that changes displacement is also fixed, that is, it is impossible to simulate fault slippage for soil of different lengths. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a geotechnical model test chamber that can realize continuous changes in fault displacement, and can control different lengths of soil and different fault angles to simulate the impact on tunnels.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous changes in fault displacement includes:

[0006] Box;

[0007] Both the first support component and the second support component are disposed within the box body. The first support component includes a first lifting component, a first side plate, and a plurality of mutually fitted first lifting plates. The first side plate, the plurality of first lifting plates, the second support component, and the inner side wall of the box body form a receiving space. The soil is contained within the receiving space and supported on the first lifting plates and the second support component. The first side plate can be connected to an adjacent first lifting plate or a plurality of first lifting plates can be sequentially connected from the first side plate to the first lifting plate. The first lifting component can drive the first lifting plate fixedly connected to the first side plate to move, and simultaneously drive the first side plate to move.

[0008] When the first side plate is connected to a plurality of first lifting plates, the output end of the first lifting member can be selectively connected to one of the plurality of first lifting plates connected to the first side plate.

[0009] As an alternative, the first side plate has a first mounting hole, and each of the first lifting plates has a second mounting hole. An anchor rod can pass through the first mounting hole and extend into the second mounting hole to connect the first side plate with the first lifting plate. By changing the length of the anchor rod, the first side plate can connect to different numbers of the first lifting plates.

[0010] As an alternative, the cross-sectional shape of the first lifting plate is a parallelogram, and the parallelogram is skewed in a direction away from the first side plate.

[0011] As an alternative, the first support component further includes a side lifting member, which and the side lifting member can simultaneously drive the first lifting plate and the first side plate to move, respectively.

[0012] As an optional solution, both the side lifting member and the first lifting member are provided in multiple forms.

[0013] As an optional solution, both the side lifting component and the first lifting component include a first hydraulic jack, a rotator, and a first hydraulic telescopic rod. The first hydraulic jack is fixed to the housing, the rotator is fixedly mounted on the first hydraulic jack, and the first hydraulic telescopic rod is mounted on the rotator. The rotator can adjust the rotation angle of the first hydraulic telescopic rod, and the first hydraulic jack can adjust the extension length of the first hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0014] As an alternative, the second support component includes a second side plate, a plurality of second lifting plates, and a plurality of second lifting members. The first side plate, the second side plate, the plurality of first lifting plates, the plurality of second lifting plates, and the inner sidewalls on both sides of the box body constitute the accommodating space. The soil is supported on the plurality of first lifting plates and the plurality of second lifting plates. The plurality of second lifting members can drive the plurality of second lifting plates to move up and down in the vertical direction, respectively.

[0015] As an alternative, a top ballast component is also included, which is capable of compressing the top of the soil.

[0016] As an alternative, the top ballast component includes an electro-hydraulic servo actuator, a guide rail, and a top pressure plate. The guide rail is located at the top of the housing, the electro-hydraulic servo actuator is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and the top pressure plate is located at the output end of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator. The electro-hydraulic servo actuator can drive the top pressure plate to compress the top of the soil.

[0017] As an optional solution, an infrared positioning and ranging system is also included, which is capable of measuring the displacement of the soil.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] This invention provides a geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous changes in fault displacement, comprising a chamber body, a first support component, and a second support component disposed within the chamber body. The first support component includes a base, a first lifting element, a first side plate, and multiple mutually abutting first lifting plates. The first side plate, the multiple first lifting plates, the second support component, and the inner wall of the chamber body form a receiving space. Soil is contained within this receiving space and supported by the first lifting plates and the second support component. The first side plate can be fixedly connected to an adjacent first lifting plate or multiple first lifting plates can be sequentially fixedly connected from the first side plate towards the first lifting plate. After the first side plate is fixedly connected to the first lifting plates, the first lifting element can drive the first lifting plates to move and simultaneously move the first side plate, so that the soil moves under the action of the first lifting element and the first side plate. Furthermore, when the first side plate is connected to multiple first lifting plates, the first lifting element can selectively connect to one of the multiple first lifting elements, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the first lifting element, and thus enabling the first side plate and the multiple first lifting plates to move at different angles along the upper right direction. This geotechnical model test chamber, capable of continuously varying fault displacement, controls the length of the displaced soil by setting up multiple first lifting plates and selectively fixing different numbers of first lifting plates to first side plates. Furthermore, by changing the connection between the first lifting components and the first lifting plates at different positions, the fault dip angle of the displaced soil can be controlled to meet the requirements of testing the impact of different displaced soil lengths and different fault dip angles under different displaced soil lengths on the tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geotechnical model test chamber that enables continuous changes in fault displacement, as provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geotechnical model test chamber that enables continuous changes in fault displacement, as provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the first side plate, multiple first lifting plates, and anchor rods involved in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the rotator and the first hydraulic telescopic rod involved in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the picture:

[0025] 100. Tunnel;

[0026] 1. Box body;

[0027] 2. First supporting component; 21. Base; 211. Base body; 212. Side upright plate; 22. First lifting component; 221. First hydraulic jack; 222. Rotator; 223. First hydraulic telescopic rod; 23. First side plate; 24. First lifting plate; 25. Side lifting component;

[0028] 3. Second support component; 31. Second side plate; 32. Second lifting plate; 33. Second lifting element; 331. Second hydraulic jack; 332. Second hydraulic telescopic rod;

[0029] 4. Anchor bolts;

[0030] 5. Top ballast components; 51. Electro-hydraulic servo actuator; 52. Guide rail; 53. Top pressure plate;

[0031] 61. Infrared transmitter; 62. Infrared receiver. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] This invention provides a geotechnical model test chamber that can realize continuous changes in fault displacement. Soil is placed inside the chamber 1, and a tunnel 100 is set on the soil. By studying the influence of soil displacement on the tunnel 100, the stress and deformation mechanism of the tunnel 100 under the action of fault displacement is explored, thereby effectively reducing the damage to the tunnel 100 when an actual earthquake occurs.

[0037] like Figures 1-4As shown, the geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous changes in fault displacement includes a chamber body 1, a first support component 2, and a second support component 3. The chamber body 1 includes a steel frame and a tempered glass body. The steel frame serves as the foundation of the overall structure, bearing the weight of the soil. The tempered glass body is fixedly installed inside the steel frame and possesses high strength and high light transmittance. The soil is filled within the tempered glass body, allowing for better observation of the experimental phenomena while ensuring strength. The first support component 2 and the second support component 3 are both located within the chamber body 1 and on the bottom surface of the steel frame. The first support component 2 includes a base 21, a first lifting component 22, a first side plate 23, and multiple mutually fitted first lifting plates 24. The multiple first lifting plates 24 can be fixedly connected to the first side plate 23 to form an L-shape. The side plate 23, multiple first lifting plates 24, second support member 3, and the inner wall of the tempered glass body form a receiving space. The soil is contained within the receiving space and supported by the second support member 3 and multiple first lifting plates 24. The first side plate 23 can be fixedly connected to an adjacent first lifting plate 24 or multiple first lifting plates 24 can be sequentially fixedly connected from the first side plate 23 towards the first lifting member 22. That is, as needed, the first side plate 23 can be fixedly connected to its nearest first lifting plate 24, or it can be sequentially and simultaneously connected to two, three, or more adjacent first lifting plates 24. By setting the first lifting plates 24 connected to the first side plate 23... The number of lifting components can be adjusted to change the length of the lifted soil, thus enabling the study of the impact of soil displacement of different lengths on tunnel 100. The base 21 is adjustablely fixed to the bottom surface of the steel structure. The fixed end of the first lifting component 22 is fixed to the base 21, and its output end is connected to the first lifting plate 24. The first lifting component 22 can drive the first lifting plate 24, which is fixedly connected to the first side plate 23, to move, thereby causing the first side plate 23 to move simultaneously, resulting in soil displacement. When multiple first lifting plates 24 are connected to the first side plate 23, the output end of the first lifting component 22 can selectively connect to one of the multiple first lifting plates 24 fixed to the first side plate 23. For example... After the first side plate 23 is fixedly connected to all the first lifting plates 24, the first lifting member 22 can be connected to any one of the first lifting plates 24, so that the first lifting plate 24 and the first side plate 23 move simultaneously in the upper right direction away from the first side plate 23. When the output end of the first lifting member 22 is connected to the first or last first lifting plate 24, the tilt angle of the output end of the first lifting member 22 is different. Depending on the force, the trajectories of the first side plate 23 and the first lifting plate 24 when moving in the upper right direction are different. Therefore, a different fault dip angle will be generated on the soil, thus enabling the study of the influence of different fault dip angles on the tunnel 100. Furthermore, the position between the base 21 and the steel frame is adjustable, so as to further improve the adjustment range and adjustment accuracy of the tilt angle of the output end of the first lifting member 22.

[0038] This geotechnical model test chamber, which enables continuous variation of fault displacement, sets up multiple first lifting plates 24 and selectively fixes different numbers of first lifting plates 24 to first side plates 23 to control the length of the displaced soil. By changing the connection between the first lifting component 22 and the first lifting plates 24 at different positions, the fault dip angle of the displaced soil can be controlled to meet the requirements of testing the influence of different displaced soil lengths and different fault dip angles under different displaced soil lengths on the tunnel 100.

[0039] The base 21 includes a main body 211 and side uprights 212. The main body 211 is connected to the bottom surface of the steel frame and its position is adjustable. The side uprights 212 are fixedly connected to the main body 211, and the fixed end of the first lifting member 22 is fixedly mounted on the main body 211. To reduce the processing cost of the main body 211, it is designed as a hollow structure with grouting holes. During installation, the main body 211 can be installed inside the housing 1 first, and then concrete can be poured through the grouting holes to give it sufficient strength and weight. This structural design makes installation more convenient and reduces costs.

[0040] Optionally, to facilitate the connection between the first side plate 23 and the first lifting plate 24, refer to Figure 3 The first side plate 23 has a first mounting hole at its lower part, and each first lifting plate 24 has a second mounting hole. When the first side plate 23 and the multiple first lifting plates 24 are in their initial positions, the first mounting hole and the multiple second mounting holes are concentrically arranged. The anchor rod 4 can pass through the first mounting hole and extend into the second mounting hole to fix the first lifting plate 24 to the first side plate 23. Furthermore, by changing the length of the anchor rod 4, the first side plate 23 can be connected to different numbers of first lifting plates 24. This structure makes it easier to connect the first side plate 23 to the first lifting plate 24. Further, to make the structure more convenient to use, multiple anchor rods 4 of different lengths can be set according to the number of first lifting plates 24. By inserting anchor rods 4 of the corresponding length, the first side plate 23 can be fixedly connected to different numbers of first lifting plates 24. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0041] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first lifting plate 24 has a parallelogram cross-section, and the parallelogram is inclined in the direction away from the first side plate 23. This structure ensures that when the first lifting plate 24 is pushed, there is no interference between two adjacent first lifting plates 24 when one moves to the upper right and the other does not move. In this embodiment, the parallelogram is inclined at a 45° angle.

[0042] To further enhance the pushing ability of the first side plate 23 and the first lifting plate 24, the first support component 2 also includes a side lifting member 25. The fixed end of the side lifting member 25 is fixedly set on the side upright plate 212, and the output end is connected to the first side plate 23. The side lifting member 25 can drive the first side plate 23 to move while the first lifting member 22 drives the first lifting plate 24 to move.

[0043] Optionally, multiple first lifting members 22 are provided, spaced apart along the length of the first lifting plate 24. The multiple first lifting members 22 simultaneously drive the first lifting plate 24 to move, thereby increasing the pushing capacity of the first lifting members 22. Multiple side lifting members 25 are also provided, which can enhance the pushing capacity of the first side plate 23. In this embodiment, three first lifting members 22 are provided; the side lifting members 25 are arranged in three rows along the vertical direction, with three members in each row.

[0044] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 Both the first lifting member 22 and the side lifting member 25 include a first hydraulic jack 221, a rotator 222, and a first hydraulic telescopic rod 223. The first hydraulic jack 221 of the first lifting member 22 is fixedly mounted on the base body 211. The first hydraulic jack 221 of the side lifting member 25 is fixedly mounted on the side upright plate 212. The rotator 222 is fixedly mounted on the first hydraulic jack 221. The first hydraulic telescopic rod 223 is equipped with the rotator 222. The rotator 222 can adjust the rotation angle of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 223, and the first hydraulic jack 221 can adjust the extension length of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 223. This structure adjusts the tilt angle of the first lifting member 22 and the side lifting member 25 by adjusting the rotation angle of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 223 through the rotator 222.

[0045] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second support component 3 includes a second side plate 31, multiple second lifting plates 32, and multiple second lifting elements 33. The first side plate 23 and the second side plate 31 are spaced apart along the length of the box body 1, and the two ends of the first side plate 23 and the second side plate 31 abut against the inner wall of the tempered glass body along the width of the box body 1. The first side plate 23, the second side plate 31, and the inner walls on both sides of the tempered glass body constitute the four sides of the receiving space. The multiple first lifting plates 24 and the multiple second lifting plates 32 constitute the bottom surface of the receiving space. The soil is contained in the receiving space and supported on the multiple first lifting plates 24 and the multiple second lifting plates 32. The multiple second lifting elements 33 can drive the multiple second lifting plates 32 to move vertically up and down respectively. This structure can simulate the effect of soil settlement in the vertical direction on the tunnel 100, and can realize the simulation of different settlement ranges, different settlement amounts, and different settlement shapes.

[0046] Specifically, the second lifting component 33 includes a second hydraulic jack 331 and a second hydraulic telescopic rod 332. The second hydraulic jack 331 is fixed to the bottom surface of the steel frame, and the second lifting plate 32 is disposed at the upper end of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 332. The second hydraulic jack 331 can drive the second hydraulic telescopic rod 332 to lift and lower, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the second lifting plate 32.

[0047] The geotechnical model test chamber that enables continuous changes in fault displacement also includes a top ballast component 5, which can compress the soil from the top to simulate the effect of the top load on the tunnel 100.

[0048] Specifically, the top ballast component 5 includes an electro-hydraulic servo actuator 51, a guide rail 52, and a top pressure plate 53. The guide rail 52 is located at the top of the steel frame, the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 51 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 52, and the top pressure plate 53 is located at the output end of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 51. The electro-hydraulic servo actuator 51 can drive the top pressure plate 53 to move towards the soil to compress the top of the soil, and the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 51 can move on the guide rail to achieve compression at different positions. In this embodiment, the electro-hydraulic servo actuator 51 has high precision and can apply complex loads to the soil, enabling multi-step static loading tests, low-cycle reciprocating tests, quasi-static tests, quasi-dynamic tests, and hybrid simulation tests on the soil and its internal structure. The top ballast component 5 is provided in two sets, making operation and use more convenient.

[0049] The geotechnical model test chamber, capable of realizing continuous changes in fault displacement, also includes an infrared positioning and ranging system, which can accurately measure the displacement of the soil. Specifically, the infrared positioning and ranging system includes two rows of infrared transmitters 61 and two rows of infrared receivers 62. Each row of infrared transmitters 61 and each row of infrared receivers 62 has three transmitters and three receivers, all of which can move vertically. Three reference lines can be set inside the soil. The positions of one row of infrared transmitters 61 and their corresponding infrared receivers 62 are adjusted to generate a first infrared beam, so that the three first infrared beams coincide with the three reference lines. When the soil displacement occurs, the positions of the other row of infrared transmitters 61 and their corresponding infrared receivers 62 are adjusted to generate a second infrared beam, so that the second infrared beam coincides with the position of the three reference lines after the soil displacement. The displacement distance of the reference lines is calculated to accurately measure fault displacement, vertical settlement of the soil, and displacement of the soil during top loading.

[0050] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous changes in fault displacement, characterized in that, include: Box (1); The first support component (2) and the second support component (3) are both disposed inside the box body (1). The first support component (2) includes a first lifting component (22), a first side plate (23), and a plurality of first lifting plates (24) that fit together. The first side plate (23), the plurality of first lifting plates (24), the second support component (3) and the inner wall of the box body (1) form a receiving space. The soil is contained in the receiving space and supported on the first lifting plate (24) and the second support component (3). The first side plate (23) can be connected to an adjacent first lifting plate (24) or a plurality of first lifting plates (24) can be sequentially connected from the first side plate (23) to the first lifting plate (24). The first lifting component (22) can drive the first lifting plate (24) that is fixedly connected to the first side plate (23) to move, and at the same time drive the first side plate (23) to move. When the first side plate (23) is connected to a plurality of first lifting plates (24), the output end of the first lifting member (22) can be selectively connected to one of the plurality of first lifting plates (24) connected to the first side plate (23).

2. The geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous change in fault displacement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first side plate (23) has a first mounting hole, and each of the first lifting plates (24) has a second mounting hole. The anchor rod (4) can pass through the first mounting hole and extend into the second mounting hole so that the first side plate (23) can be connected to the first lifting plate (24). By changing the length of the anchor rod (4), the first side plate (23) can be connected to different numbers of the first lifting plates (24).

3. The geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous change in fault displacement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lifting plate (24) has a parallelogram cross-sectional shape, and the parallelogram is skewed in a direction away from the first side plate (23).

4. The geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous change in fault displacement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support component (2) further includes a side lifting component (25), and the first lifting component (22) and the side lifting component (25) can simultaneously drive the first lifting plate (24) and the first side plate (23) to move respectively.

5. The geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous change in fault displacement according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the side lifting member (25) and the first lifting member (22) are provided in multiple quantities.

6. The geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous change in fault displacement according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the side lifting member (25) and the first lifting member (22) include a first hydraulic jack (221), a rotator (222), and a first hydraulic telescopic rod (223). The first hydraulic jack (221) is fixed to the housing (1), the rotator (222) is fixedly disposed on the first hydraulic jack (221), and the first hydraulic telescopic rod (223) is disposed on the rotator (222). The rotator (222) can adjust the rotation angle of the first hydraulic telescopic rod (223), and the first hydraulic jack (221) can adjust the extension length of the first hydraulic telescopic rod (223).

7. The geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous change in fault displacement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second support component (3) includes a second side plate (31), a plurality of second lifting plates (32) and a plurality of second lifting members (33). The first side plate (23), the second side plate (31), the plurality of first lifting plates (24), the plurality of second lifting plates (32) and the inner side walls on both sides of the box body (1) constitute the accommodating space. The soil is supported on the plurality of first lifting plates (24) and the plurality of second lifting plates (32). The plurality of second lifting members (33) can drive the plurality of second lifting plates (32) to rise and fall in the vertical direction respectively.

8. The geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous change in fault displacement according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a top ballast component (5) that can compress the top of the soil.

9. The geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous change in fault displacement according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top ballast component (5) includes an electro-hydraulic servo actuator (51), a guide rail (52), and a top pressure plate (53). The guide rail (52) is located at the top of the housing (1). The electro-hydraulic servo actuator (51) is slidably mounted on the guide rail (52). The top pressure plate (53) is located at the output end of the electro-hydraulic servo actuator (51). The electro-hydraulic servo actuator (51) can drive the top pressure plate (53) to squeeze the top of the soil.

10. The geotechnical model test chamber capable of realizing continuous change in fault displacement according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It also includes an infrared positioning and ranging system, which is capable of measuring the displacement of the soil.

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