High-performance ballistic-resistant ceramic and method of making same

Abstract

The application provides a high-performance bulletproof ceramic and a preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the following steps: preparing a hard alloy coating on a metal transition layer on the surface of a ceramic base by using a supersonic flame spraying method; then, a plurality of blind hole grooves arranged in a matrix interval are opened on the surface of the hard alloy coating by using a laser etching method; then, the blind hole grooves are filled with soft metal by using the supersonic flame spraying method; after the upper surface of the soft metal in each blind hole groove is polished to be flush with the upper surface of the hard alloy coating, a hard ceramic coating is prepared on the upper surface of the hard alloy coating and the soft metal by using an atmospheric plasma spraying method. The soft metal filled in each blind hole groove of the hard alloy coating captures the broken ceramic to achieve a secondary anti-penetration effect, and the soft area formed by the soft metal and the hard area formed by the hard alloy coating make the bullet body bear uneven stress to achieve the effect of deflecting the penetration path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bulletproof armor coating technology, and in particular relates to a high-performance bulletproof ceramic and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of armor composite material technology, ceramic armor composite materials have attracted close attention from countries around the world due to their outstanding performance in the field of protection, and have been proven to be the most ideal armor protection material. Ceramic composite armor uses ceramic as the panel material, utilizing the high hardness and high strength of ceramics to abrade and break projectiles, thus achieving the function of ballistic protection.

[0003] Due to the high brittleness of the ceramic matrix, when a projectile interacts with it, the ceramic fragments and scatter at and near the point of impact, weakening the ceramic's ballistic protection. Current technologies typically prevent ceramic fragmentation by bonding an aramid crack-inhibiting layer or a thin metal sheet to the ceramic surface; however, the fragmented ceramic fragments cannot effectively aggregate, resulting in minimal improvement in the ceramic's ballistic protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a high-performance bulletproof ceramic and its preparation method, specifically as follows:

[0005] A high-performance bulletproof ceramic comprises a ceramic substrate on which a metal transition layer, a cemented carbide coating, and a cemented ceramic coating are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. The cemented carbide coating is prepared on the metal transition layer using a supersonic flame spraying method. Then, multiple blind hole grooves with a matrix spacing are formed on the surface of the cemented carbide coating using a laser etching method. Soft metal is then prepared to fill all the blind hole grooves using a supersonic flame spraying method. After grinding to make the upper surface of the soft metal in each blind hole groove flush with the upper surface of the cemented carbide coating, a cemented ceramic coating is prepared on the coplanar upper surface of the cemented carbide coating and the soft metal using an atmospheric plasma spraying method.

[0006] During projectile impact, the aforementioned structure initially damages the projectile with its surface hard ceramic coating, shattering it. However, due to the multiple blind slots on the surface of the hard alloy coating beneath the ceramic coating, each filled with soft metal, the fragments of the shattered ceramic coating are captured and aggregated by the soft metal, forming a hard layer that provides secondary effective protection against the projectile. Furthermore, the blind slots on the surface of the hard alloy coating are arranged in a matrix, with gaps between adjacent slots. This creates a soft zone composed of the soft metal within each blind slot and a hard zone composed of the hard alloy coating outside the slots. During penetration, the imbalance between the soft zone contacting the projectile head and the hard zone contacting the projectile body causes a deflection of the projectile's penetration path, thus enhancing the ceramic's ballistic protection capabilities.

[0007] Furthermore, the metal transition layer is prepared using a physical vapor deposition method.

[0008] Furthermore, the metal transition layer is a Ti transition layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the coating material for preparing the cemented carbide coating is Cr3C2-NiCr or WC-Co cemented carbide material, and the coating thickness of the cemented carbide coating is 200-300 μm.

[0010] Furthermore, the minimum spacing between adjacent blind hole grooves is 1–3 mm, and the groove depth of the blind hole groove is 50–100 μm.

[0011] Furthermore, the blind hole groove is in the shape of a four-sided prism, with the side length of the groove opening on the top surface being 2–5 mm. Alternatively, the blind hole groove is in the shape of a cylinder, with the diameter of the circular surface of the groove opening being 2–5 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the raw material for the soft metal layer is Cu or Al.

[0013] The hard ceramic coating uses Al2O3 or TiCN as the coating material, and the coating thickness is 200-300 μm.

[0014] The process parameters for supersonic flame spraying are: gas (C2H2) flow rate of 20-25 L / min, oxygen flow rate of 200-230 L / min, and spraying distance of 200-300 mm.

[0015] The process parameters for plasma spraying are: spraying current 400-600A, spraying voltage 40-70V, and spraying distance 100-130mm.

[0016] The preparation method of the high-performance bulletproof ceramic as described above includes:

[0017] Step 1: Clean the surface of the ceramic substrate with alcohol and ultrasonic cleaning, then dry it with a hair dryer;

[0018] Step 2: Prepare a metal transition layer on the surface of the ceramic substrate using physical vapor deposition;

[0019] Step 3: Prepare a hard alloy coating on the metal transition layer using a supersonic flame spraying method;

[0020] Step 4: Use laser etching to create multiple blind hole grooves arranged in a matrix at intervals on the surface of the cemented carbide coating;

[0021] Step 5: Use supersonic flame spraying to prepare soft metal to fill each blind hole groove, and then grind to make the upper surface of the soft metal in each blind hole groove flush with the upper surface of the hard alloy coating.

[0022] Step 6: Prepare a hard ceramic coating on the coplanar surface of the hard alloy coating and the soft metal in each blind hole groove using an atmospheric plasma spraying method.

[0023] This invention prepares a composite coating on the surface of bulletproof ceramics. Through the design of the materials and combination structure of each coating, the ceramics are concentrated near the impact point to shatter, thereby increasing the penetration resistance and improving the bulletproof capability of the ceramics. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the coating structure of the present invention.

[0027] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1-ceramic substrate; 2-Ti transition layer; 3-hard alloy coating; 31-blind hole groove; 4-hard ceramic coating; 5-soft metal. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Taking the preparation of high-performance bulletproof ceramics with a total coating thickness of 550 μm as an example:

[0031] Step 1: Clean the surface of B4C ceramic substrate 1 with alcohol, then clean it with ultrasonic cleaning, and finally dry it with a hair dryer.

[0032] Step 2: Prepare a Ti transition layer 2 on the surface of the treated B4C ceramic substrate 1 using physical vapor deposition. The thickness of the transition layer is 50 μm.

[0033] Step 3: A Cr3C2-NiCr cemented carbide coating 3 is prepared on the Ti transition layer 2 using a supersonic flame spraying method. The coating thickness is 250 μm. The process parameters for preparing the Cr3C2-NiCr cemented carbide coating are as follows: gas (C2H2) flow rate is 23 L / min, oxygen flow rate is 200 / min, and spraying distance is 260 mm.

[0034] Step 4: Using laser etching, multiple blind hole grooves 31 arranged in a matrix array with gaps are prepared on the Cr3C2-NiCr hard alloy coating. Each blind hole groove 31 is a tetrahedral prism with the following dimensions: length and width are 4mm, groove depth L1 is 80μm, and the distance between two adjacent blind hole grooves L2 is 3μm.

[0035] Step 5: Using supersonic flame spraying, soft metal Cu is sprayed into the blind holes of the prepared Cr3C2-NiCr cemented carbide coating and all blind holes are filled. The process parameters for preparing the soft metal Cu are: gas (C2H2) flow rate of 20 L / min, oxygen flow rate of 200 L / min, and spraying distance of 300 mm. After filling, the soft metal above the surface of the Cr3C2-NiCr cemented carbide coating is ground off with sandpaper so that the upper surface of the soft metal in the blind holes is flush with the upper surface of the cemented carbide coating.

[0036] Step 6: An Al2O3 hard ceramic coating 5 is prepared on the surface of a Cr3C2-NiCr hard alloy coating filled with soft metal Cu using a plasma spraying method. The coating thickness is 250 μm. The process parameters for preparing the Al2O3 hard ceramic coating are: spraying current 500A, spraying voltage 65V, and spraying distance 120mm.

[0037] The table below shows a comparison of the test results of the high-performance bulletproof ceramic in this embodiment with those of traditional bulletproof ceramics, and it can be seen that the corresponding performance has been greatly improved.

[0038] Test performance <![CDATA[Traditional B4C bulletproof ceramics]]> This embodiment Average penetration depth / mm 5.28 3.36

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance bulletproof ceramic, characterized in that, A metal transition layer, a cemented carbide coating, and a cemented ceramic coating are sequentially stacked on a ceramic substrate from bottom to top. The cemented carbide coating is prepared on the metal transition layer using a supersonic flame spraying method. Then, multiple blind holes with a matrix spacing are opened on the upper surface of the cemented carbide coating using a laser etching method. Soft metal is then prepared to fill all the blind holes using a supersonic flame spraying method. After grinding to make the upper surface of the soft metal in each blind hole flush with the upper surface of the cemented carbide coating, a cemented ceramic coating is prepared on the coplanar upper surface of the cemented carbide coating and the soft metal using an atmospheric plasma spraying method. The metal transition layer is a Ti transition layer prepared by physical vapor deposition. The coating material for preparing the cemented carbide coating is Cr3C2-NiCr or WC-Co cemented carbide material, and the coating thickness of the cemented carbide coating is 200~300μm; The minimum spacing between adjacent blind hole slots is 1~3mm, and the depth of the blind hole slot is 50~100μm; The blind hole groove is in the shape of a four-sided prism, with the side length of the groove opening on the top surface being 2~5mm; or, the blind hole groove is in the shape of a cylinder, with the diameter of the circular surface of the groove opening being 2~5mm; The soft metal raw material is Cu or Al; The hard ceramic coating uses Al2O3 or TiCN as the coating material, and the coating thickness is 200~300μm.

2. A method for preparing high-performance bulletproof ceramic, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Clean the surface of the ceramic substrate with alcohol and ultrasonic cleaning, then dry it with a hair dryer; Step 2: Prepare a metal transition layer on the surface of the ceramic substrate using physical vapor deposition; Step 3: Prepare a hard alloy coating on the metal transition layer using a supersonic flame spraying method; Step 4: Use laser etching to create multiple blind hole grooves arranged in a matrix at intervals on the surface of the cemented carbide coating; Step 5: Use supersonic flame spraying to prepare soft metal to fill each blind hole groove, and then grind to make the upper surface of the soft metal in each blind hole groove flush with the upper surface of the hard alloy coating. Step 6: Prepare a hard ceramic coating on the coplanar surface of the hard alloy coating and the soft metal in each blind hole groove using an atmospheric plasma spraying method. The process parameters for supersonic flame spraying are: C2H2 flow rate of 20~25L / min, oxygen flow rate of 200~230L / min, and spraying distance of 200~300mm; the process parameters for plasma spraying are: spraying current of 400~600A, spraying voltage of 40~70V, and spraying distance of 100~130mm. The metal transition layer is a Ti transition layer prepared by physical vapor deposition. The coating material for preparing the cemented carbide coating is Cr3C2-NiCr or WC-Co cemented carbide material, and the coating thickness of the cemented carbide coating is 200~300μm; The soft metal raw material is Cu or Al; The hard ceramic coating uses Al2O3 or TiCN as the coating material, and the coating thickness is 200~300μm; The minimum spacing between adjacent blind hole slots is 1~3mm, and the depth of the blind hole slot is 50~100μm; The blind hole groove is in the shape of a four-sided column with a side length of 2~5mm at the top opening; or, the blind hole groove is in the shape of a cylinder with a diameter of 2~5mm at the opening.

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