A device for coaxial wire feeding laser additive manufacturing

Abstract

The device for coaxial wire feeding laser additive machining belongs to the technical field of production and machining machines, and the gas protection cover and the laser nozzle are both provided with multiple circular channels with a certain angle with a vertical plane, the laser beam expander is arranged in the middle section circular channel of the coaxial wire feeding laser nozzle, the upper plate and the lower plate of the cross straightening mechanism are supported by springs, two pairs of circular holes are formed in the left side of the support plate, the accurate feeding small bolts pass through the circular holes of the support plate, the straightening right plate is provided with a motor close to the first set of roller groups on the left side of the straightening lower plate, and the motor is connected with the first set of roller groups on the left side of the straightening lower plate through a shaft coupling. Inert gas is delivered by the inner and outer double gas paths during laser machining, the machining quality of the formed part can be ensured, the demand of straightening wire diameter of different gears is realized, the use of multiple laser light paths converging machining can effectively control the annular light spot, and the cost can be greatly reduced; the use of the double-gas-path surrounding local gas domain protection device can save the filling amount of gas, and further reduce the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of manufacturing and processing machinery technology, and specifically relates to a device for coaxial wire feeding laser additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] Coaxial wire-feed laser additive manufacturing is a manufacturing method that uses laser processing to melt filament and then directly transforms a three-dimensional digital model into a solid part by layering the material. The wire feeding mechanism feeds the filament from the filament reel, and a straightening mechanism straightens the reel-shaped filament. The straightening effect of the filament has a crucial impact on the processing quality. Most existing straightening mechanisms use single-plane straightening, resulting in bending in the vertical plane after straightening. In coaxial wire-feed laser additive manufacturing, protecting the formed part with inert gas is an indispensable step. Currently, many designs are box-type, but this design occupies a large volume, and the cost of introducing a large amount of inert gas is high.

[0003] Existing technologies have some shortcomings in addressing issues such as high requirements for wire straightening, the high cost and difficulty in controlling the spot size of high-power single lasers, and the susceptibility to high-temperature oxidation during thermal processing. Therefore, it is extremely important to design a coaxial wire-feeding laser additive manufacturing device that combines a straightening mechanism with a processing nozzle and a gas protective shroud arranged in a multi-laser optical path ring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the prior art by proposing a device for coaxial wire feeding laser additive manufacturing. This device can straighten the wire in two vertical planes, and after the straightened wire is fed into the nozzle, it is clad and formed using laser. During the laser processing, inert gas is delivered via internal and external dual gas paths to ensure the processing quality of the formed part.

[0005] The present invention provides an apparatus for coaxial wire feeding laser additive manufacturing, comprising a gas protective cover assembly A, a laser nozzle assembly B, a cross alignment mechanism C, a fixed tube 1, and a top cover 2. The upper end of the gas protective cover assembly A is fixedly connected to the lower end of the laser nozzle assembly B, the upper end of the laser nozzle assembly B is fixedly connected to the lower outer end of the fixed tube 1, the support plate 29 and the lower right plate 32 in the cross alignment mechanism C are fixedly connected to the lower inner end of the fixed tube 1, and the support plate 29 and the lower right plate 32 in the cross alignment mechanism C are fixedly connected to the lower part of the top cover 2.

[0006] The gas protection shield assembly A consists of a gas protection shield 3, a channel group I5, and a pneumatic pipe connector group I6. The gas protection shield 3 is cylindrical, with an inner cavity 4 formed inside the cylindrical tube. The channel group I5 consists of 5 channels, and the pneumatic pipe connector group I6 consists of 5 pneumatic pipe connectors. The inner cavity 4 is located inside the gas protection shield 3. The 5 pneumatic pipe connectors of the pneumatic pipe connector group I6 are evenly distributed in the middle of the outer ring of the gas protection shield 3 and are connected to the inner cavity 4 through the 5 channels of the channel group I5.

[0007] The laser nozzle assembly B consists of a base 7, a pneumatic pipe connector group II 8, a channel group II 9 and a hole I 10, a channel group III 11, a laser beam expander collimator group 12, an optical fiber head group 13, an inner core 14, a central hole I 15, a conical cavity 16, a circular cavity 17, and a sleeve 18. The upper part of the base 7 is cylindrical, and the lower part is flat-headed conical. There are five pneumatic pipe connector groups II 8, five laser beam expander collimator groups 12, and five optical fiber head groups 13. The channel groups II 9 and III 11 each consist of five channels. The central hole I 15, the inner core 14, and the hole I 10 are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside and are located at the center of the base 7. The sleeve 18 is located at the lower end of the central hole I 15, and the central hole II 19 of the sleeve 18 is connected to the central hole I 15. The five channels of channel group III11 are parallel to the flat-headed conical outer ring of the substrate 7. The five fiber heads of fiber head group 13 and the five laser beam expanders and collimators of laser beam expander collimator group 12 are arranged vertically and fixedly connected, and are located in the five channels of channel group III11. The conical cavity 16 is located in the lower outer ring of the inner core 14. The five pneumatic pipe connectors of pneumatic pipe connector group II8 are connected to the conical cavity 16 through the five channels of channel group II9. The gap between the lower outer ring of the sleeve 18 and the lower inner ring of the center hole I15 is a circular cavity 17.

[0008] The cross-alignment mechanism C consists of a support plate assembly D, a connecting assembly E, bolt I20, screw I21, roller assembly I22, three-roller assembly I23, three-roller assembly II24, roller assembly pair II25, coupling 26, motor 27, and screw II28. Each roller assembly of roller assembly pair I22, three-roller assembly I23, three-roller assembly II24, and roller assembly pair II25 has the same structure, consisting of bolt II34, upper nut 35, guide wheel 36, and elastic retaining ring 37. The inner end of the guide wheel 36 is provided with an annular groove 38. The inner ring of the upper nut 35 is interference-fitted with one end of bolt II34, and the outer ring of the upper nut 35 is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the guide wheel 36. The elastic retaining ring 37 is placed in the annular groove 38.

[0009] The support plate assembly D consists of a support plate 29, an upper plate 30, a right upper plate 31, a right lower plate 32, and a lower plate 33. The upper plate 30 has two holes (hole pair 30a) at its front left and rear left corners, and two screws (screw pair 21) are respectively installed in the two holes. The upper plate 30 is bolted to the support plate 29 through the hole pair 30a. The right side of the upper plate 30 has two shaft holes (shaft hole pair 30b), and the upper ends of the two shafts in the roller assembly pair I 22 are respectively fixed to the two shaft holes of the shaft hole pair 30b. The upper side of the right upper plate 31 has four optical holes (optical hole group 31a), and the left side of the right upper plate 31 has three shaft holes (shaft hole group I 31b). The left ends of the three shafts of the three roller assembly I 23 are respectively fixed to the three shaft holes of the shaft hole group I 31b; the lower side of the upper right plate 31 is provided with four spring grooves of the spring groove group 31c, and the springs 36 in each connecting assembly E are placed in the spring grooves of the spring groove group 31c; the upper side of the lower right plate 32 is provided with four screw holes of the screw hole group 32a, and the left side of the lower right plate 32 is provided with three shaft holes of the shaft hole group II 32b; the right ends of the shafts of the three roller assemblies of the three roller assembly II 24 are respectively fixed to the three shaft holes of the shaft hole group II 32b in the lower right plate 32; the upper side of the lower right plate 32 is provided with four spring grooves of the spring groove group 32c, and the springs 36 in each connecting assembly E are placed in the spring grooves of the spring groove group 32c; the bolts II 34 in each connecting assembly E pass through the light holes of the light hole group 31a in the upper right plate 31 and are connected to the screw hole group 32a in the lower right plate 32. The screw holes are threaded; the two oblong holes of the oblong hole pair 33a are respectively located on the left side of the lower plate 33 near the front and rear ends, and the lower plate 33 is bolted to the support plate 29 through the oblong hole pair 33a; the right side of the lower plate 33 is provided with two shaft holes of the shaft hole pair 33b, and the lower ends of the two shafts in the roller assembly pair II 25 are respectively fixed to the two shaft holes of the shaft hole pair 33b; the connecting assembly E consists of connecting assembly I, connecting assembly II, connecting assembly III, and connecting assembly IV. The four sets of connecting assemblies have the same structure, each consisting of bolt II 34, upper nut 35, spring 36, and lower nut 37. Spring 36 passes through the middle of bolt II 34, upper nut 35 is threaded to the upper end of bolt II 34, and lower nut 37 is threaded to the lower end of bolt II 34; the bottom of the motor 27 is fixed to the upper left front part of the lower plate 33 in the support plate group D, and the output end of the motor 27 is connected to the guide wheel end of the roller assembly III 24 through the coupling 26.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0011] 1. In the cross-shaped straightening mechanism, straightening rollers are arranged in parallel and cross-shaped positions in two vertical planes, which improves space utilization, can more effectively straighten the wire, and improves processing accuracy;

[0012] 2. In the cross-shaped straightening mechanism, by designing and changing the distance between the center lines of each roller, the required straightening wire diameter for different gear positions can be precisely adjusted;

[0013] 3. Using a multi-laser beam convergence processing method can effectively control the annular spot and significantly reduce costs;

[0014] 4. The dual-air-path surrounding local gas area protection device can save gas filling volume compared to the existing box-type gas area protection device, further reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an apparatus for coaxial wire feeding laser additive manufacturing;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of gas shield assembly A;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of laser nozzle assembly B;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point a in the middle;

[0019] Figure 5 This is the front view of the cross-shaped straightening mechanism C;

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 5 View of section AA;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a top view of the cross-shaped straightening mechanism C;

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A view of the BB section;

[0023] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A view of the C-section;

[0024] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the connecting component E;

[0025] Among them: A. Gas protective cover assembly B. Laser nozzle assembly C. Cross alignment mechanism D. Support plate assembly E. Connecting assembly 1. Fixing tube 2. Top cover 3. Gas protective cover 4. Inner cavity 5. Channel group I 6. Pneumatic pipe joint group I 7. Base body 8. Pneumatic pipe joint group II 9. Channel group II 10. Hole I 11. Channel group III 12. Laser beam expander collimator group 13. Fiber optic head group 14. Inner core 15. Center hole I 16. Conical cavity 17. Circular cavity 18. Sleeve 19. Center hole II 20. Bolt I 21. Screw pair I 22. Roller assembly pair I 23. Three roller assembly I 24. Three roller assembly II 25. Roller assembly pair II 26. Coupling 27. Motor 28. Screw II 29. Support plate 30. Upper plate 30a. Hole pair 30b. Shaft hole pair 31. Upper right plate 31a. Smooth hole group 31b. Shaft hole group I 32. Lower right plate 32a. Screw hole group 32b. Shaft hole group II 32c. Spring groove group 33. Lower plate 33a. Long oval hole pair 34. Bolt II 35. Upper nut 36. Spring 37. Lower nut 38. Annular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for coaxial wire feeding laser additive manufacturing according to the present invention comprises a gas protective cover assembly A, a laser nozzle assembly B, a cross alignment mechanism C, a fixed tube 1, and a top cover 2. The upper end of the gas protective cover assembly A is fixedly connected to the lower end of the laser nozzle assembly B, and the upper end of the laser nozzle assembly B is fixedly connected to the lower outer end of the fixed tube 1. The support plate 29 and the lower right plate 32 in the cross alignment mechanism C are fixedly connected to the lower inner end of the fixed tube 1, and the support plate 29 and the lower right plate 32 in the cross alignment mechanism C are fixedly connected to the lower part of the top cover 2.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the gas protective cover assembly A consists of a gas protective cover 3, a channel group I5, and a pneumatic pipe connector group I6. The gas protective cover 3 is cylindrical, with an inner cavity 4 formed inside the cylindrical tube. The channel group I5 consists of 5 channels, and the pneumatic pipe connector group I6 consists of 5 pneumatic pipe connectors. The inner cavity 4 is located inside the gas protective cover 3. The 5 pneumatic pipe connectors of the pneumatic pipe connector group I6 are evenly distributed in the middle of the outer ring of the gas protective cover 3 and are connected to the inner cavity 4 through the 5 channels of the channel group I5.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the laser nozzle assembly B consists of a base 7, a pneumatic pipe connector group II 8, a channel group II 9, a hole I 10, a channel group III 11, a laser beam expander collimator group 12, an optical fiber head group 13, an inner core 14, a central hole I 15, a conical cavity 16, a circular cavity 17, and a sleeve 18. The upper part of the base 7 is cylindrical, and the lower part is a flat-headed conical shape. There are five pneumatic pipe connector groups II 8, laser beam expander collimator group 12, and optical fiber head group 13. Channel group II9 and channel group III11 each consist of 5 channels. The central hole I15, inner core 14 and hole I10 are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside and are located at the center of the base 7. The sleeve 18 is located at the lower end of the central hole I15, and the central hole II19 of the sleeve 18 is connected to the central hole I15. The 5 channels of channel group III11 are parallel to the flat-headed conical outer ring of the base 7. The 5 fiber heads of fiber head group 13 and the 5 laser beam expanders and collimators of laser beam expander collimator group 12 are arranged vertically and fixedly connected, and are located in the 5 channels of channel group III11. The conical cavity 16 is located at the lower outer ring of the inner core 14. The 5 pneumatic pipe connectors of pneumatic pipe connector group II8 are connected to the conical cavity 16 through the 5 channels of channel group II9. The gap between the lower outer ring of the sleeve 18 and the lower inner ring of the central hole I15 is a circular cavity 17.

[0030] like Figures 5 to 9As shown, the cross-alignment mechanism C consists of a support plate assembly D, a connecting assembly E, bolt I20, screw I21, roller assembly I22, three-roller assembly I23, three-roller assembly II24, roller assembly pair II25, coupling 26, motor 27, and screw II28. The support plate assembly D consists of a support plate 29, an upper plate 30, an upper right plate 31, a lower right plate 32, and a lower plate 33. Each roller assembly of roller assembly pair I22, three-roller assembly I23, three-roller assembly II24, and roller assembly pair II25 has the same structure, consisting of bolt II34, upper nut 35, guide wheel 36, and elastic retaining ring 37. The inner end of the guide wheel 36 is provided with an annular groove 38. The inner ring of the upper nut 35 is interference-fitted with one end of bolt II34, and the outer ring of the upper nut 35 is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the guide wheel 36. The elastic retaining ring 37 is placed in the annular groove 38. The upper plate 30 has two holes (30a) at its front left and rear left corners, and two screws (21) are respectively installed in the two holes. The upper plate 30 is bolted to the support plate 29 through the holes (30a). The upper plate 30 has two shaft holes (30b) on its right side, and the upper ends of the two shafts in the roller assembly I 22 are respectively fixed to the two shaft holes (30b). The upper right plate 31 has four optical holes (31a) on its upper side, and three shaft holes (31b) on its left side. The left ends of the three shafts of the three roller assembly I 23 are respectively fixed to the three shaft holes of the shaft hole group I 31b; the lower side of the upper right plate 31 is provided with four spring grooves of the spring groove group 31c, and the springs 36 in each connecting assembly E are placed in the spring grooves of the spring groove group 31c; the upper side of the lower right plate 32 is provided with four screw holes of the screw hole group 32a, and the left side of the lower right plate 32 is provided with three shaft holes of the shaft hole group II 32b; the right ends of the shafts of the three roller assemblies of the three roller assembly II 24 are respectively fixed to the three shaft holes of the shaft hole group II 32b in the lower right plate 32; the upper side of the lower right plate 32 is provided with four spring grooves of the spring groove group 32c, and the springs 36 in each connecting assembly E are placed in the spring grooves of the spring groove group 32c; the bolts II 34 in each connecting assembly E pass through the light holes of the light hole group 31a in the upper right plate 31 and are connected to the screw hole group 32a in the lower right plate 32. The screw hole is threaded; the two oblong holes of the oblong hole pair 33a are respectively located on the left side of the lower plate 33 near the front and rear ends, and the lower plate 33 is bolted to the support plate 29 through the oblong hole pair 33a; the right side of the lower plate 33 is provided with two shaft holes of the shaft hole pair 33b, and the lower ends of the two shafts in the roller assembly pair II 25 are respectively fixed to the two shaft holes of the shaft hole pair 33b; the bottom of the motor 27 is fixed to the upper left front part of the lower plate 33 in the support plate group D, and the output end of the motor 27 is connected to the guide wheel end of the roller assembly III 24 through the coupling 26.

[0031] like Figure 10As shown, the connecting component E consists of connecting component I, connecting component II, connecting component III, and connecting component IV. The four connecting components have the same structure, each consisting of bolt II 34, upper nut 35, spring 36, and lower nut 37. Spring 36 passes through the middle of bolt II 34, upper nut 35 is threaded to the upper end of bolt II 34, and lower nut 37 is threaded to the lower end of bolt II 34.

Claims

1. An apparatus for coaxial wire feeding laser additive manufacturing, characterized in that, It is composed of a gas shield assembly (A), a laser nozzle assembly (B), a cross alignment mechanism (C), a fixed tube (1), and a top cover (2). The gas shield assembly (A) is composed of a gas shield (3), a channel group I (5), and a pneumatic pipe connector group I (6). The gas shield (3) of the gas shield assembly (A) is cylindrical, and an inner cavity (4) is formed inside the cylindrical tube. The channel group I (5) consists of 5 channels, and the pneumatic pipe connector group I (6) consists of 5 pneumatic pipe connectors. The inner cavity (4) is located inside the gas shield (3). The five pneumatic pipe connectors of the pneumatic pipe connector group I (6) are evenly distributed in the middle of the outer ring of the gas protective cover (3) and are connected to the inner cavity (4) through the five channels of the channel group I (5); the laser nozzle assembly (B) consists of a base (7), pneumatic pipe connector group II (8), channel group II (9), hole I (10), channel group III (11), laser beam expander collimator group (12), fiber head group (13), inner core (14), center hole I (15), conical cavity (16), circular cavity (17), and sleeve (18). The upper part of the base (7) of the laser nozzle assembly (B) is cylindrical and the lower part is flat-headed conical. There are 5 pneumatic pipe connector group II (8), laser beam expander collimator group (12) and fiber optic head group (13). Channel group II (9) and channel group III (11) each consist of 5 channels. The central hole I (15), inner core (14) and hole I (10) are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside and are located at the center of the substrate (7). The sleeve (18) is located at the lower end of the central hole I (15). The central hole II (19) of the sleeve (18) is connected to the central hole I (15). The 5 channels of channel group III (11) are parallel to the flat-headed conical outer ring of the substrate (7). The 5 fiber optic heads of fiber optic head group (13) and laser beam expander collimator group (12) are also present. Five laser beam expanders and collimators are arranged vertically and fixedly connected in the five channels of channel group III (11); a conical cavity (16) is located in the lower outer ring of the inner core (14); five pneumatic pipe connectors of pneumatic pipe connector group II (8) are connected to the conical cavity (16) through the five channels of channel group II (9); the gap between the lower outer ring of the sleeve (18) and the lower inner ring of the center hole I (15) is a circular cavity (17);The cross-alignment mechanism (C) consists of a support plate assembly (D), a connecting assembly (E), bolt I (20), screw pair (21), roller assembly pair I (22), three roller assembly I (23), three roller assembly II (24), roller assembly pair II (25), a coupling (26), a motor (27), and screw II (28). The support plate assembly (D) consists of a support plate (29), an upper plate (30), an upper right plate (31), a lower right plate (32), and a lower plate (33). The connecting assembly (E) consists of connecting assembly I, connecting assembly II, connecting assembly III, and connecting assembly IV. The cross-alignment mechanism... In mechanism (C), the upper plate (30) of the support plate assembly (D) has two holes of hole pair (30a) at its front left and rear left corners, and the two screws of screw pair (21) are respectively located in the two holes. The upper plate (30) is bolted to the support plate (29) through hole pair (30a). The right side of the upper plate (30) has two shaft holes of shaft hole pair I (30b). The upper ends of the two shafts in roller assembly pair I (22) are respectively fixed to the two shaft holes of shaft hole pair I (30b). The upper side of the upper right plate (31) has four light holes of light hole group (31a), and the left side of the upper right plate (31) has three shaft holes of shaft hole group I (31b). The left ends of the three shafts of the three roller assembly I (23) are respectively fixed to the three shaft holes of the shaft hole group I (31b); the lower side of the upper right plate (31) is provided with four spring grooves of the spring groove group I (31c), and the springs (36) in each connecting assembly (E) are placed in the spring grooves of the spring groove group I (31c); the upper side of the lower right plate (32) is provided with four screw holes of the screw hole group (32a), and the left side of the lower right plate (32) is provided with three shaft holes of the shaft hole group II (32b), and the three roller assembly II (23) is fixed to the three shaft holes of the shaft hole group I (31b). 4) The right ends of the shafts of the three roller assemblies are respectively fixed to the three shaft holes of the shaft hole group II (32b) in the lower right plate (32); the upper side of the lower right plate (32) is provided with four spring grooves of the spring groove group II (32c), and the spring (36) in each connecting assembly (E) is placed in the spring groove of the spring groove group II (32c); the bolt II (34) in each connecting assembly (E) passes through the light hole of the light hole group (31a) in the upper right plate (31) and is connected to the screw hole group (32a) in the lower right plate (32). The screw holes are threaded; the two elongated holes of the pair of elongated holes (33a) are respectively located on the left side of the lower plate (33) near the front and rear ends, and the lower plate (33) is bolted to the support plate (29) through the pair of elongated holes (33a); the right side of the lower plate (33) is provided with two shaft holes of the shaft hole pair II (33b), and the lower ends of the two shafts in the roller assembly pair II (25) are respectively fixed to the two shaft holes of the shaft hole pair II (33b); the four sets of connecting components of the connecting assembly (E) have the same structure, and are all composed of bolt II (34), upper nut (35), spring (36) and lower nut (37). The spring (36) passes through the middle of bolt II (34), the upper nut (35) is threaded to the upper end of bolt II (34), and the lower nut (37) is threaded to the lower end of bolt II (34);The bottom of the motor (27) is fixed to the upper left front part of the lower plate (33) in the support plate assembly (D). The output end of the motor (27) is connected to the guide wheel end of the three roller assembly II (24) via the coupling (26). The upper end of the gas protective cover assembly (A) is fixed to the lower end of the laser nozzle assembly (B). The upper end of the laser nozzle assembly (B) is fixed to the lower end of the outside of the fixed tube (1). The support plate (29) and the lower right plate (32) in the cross straightening mechanism (C) are fixed to the lower end of the inside of the fixed tube (1). The support plate (29) and the lower right plate (32) in the cross straightening mechanism (C) are fixed to the lower part of the top cover (2).

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