Corrosion-resistant coatings for electroosmotic reinforcement electrodes and their preparation methods; methods for electrodes and electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of electroosmotic reinforcement technology, and particularly to an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement electrodes, its preparation method, the electrode, and a method for electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil. An embodiment of this invention discloses an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement electrodes. The raw materials, calculated by weight, include: 32-40 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 2-4 parts of carbon black, 4-8 parts of graphite, 1-2 parts of carbon fiber filament, 2-4 parts of iron(III) oxide, 0.5-1 part of silver powder, 1-2 parts of organobentonite, 0.5-1.5 parts of talc, 15-20 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone, 8-12 parts of xylene, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-8 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5-1 part of polysiloxane, 0.5-1 part of polyethylene glycol, 1-5 parts of butyl butyrate, and 1-5 parts of polyaniline. The anti-corrosion coating used in this invention, when applied to the electrode for electroosmotic reinforcement, exhibits excellent conductivity and anti-corrosion properties, as well as good sealing performance and resistance to cracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electroosmotic reinforcement technology, and in particular to an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement electrodes, its preparation method, the electrode, and a method for electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid economic and social development of coastal areas in my country, the scale of infrastructure construction is constantly expanding, but the widespread distribution of soft soil seriously restricts the pace of urban construction. Soft soil foundations generally have the characteristics of "three highs and three lows," namely, high water content, high void ratio, high compressibility, low bearing capacity, low shear strength, and low permeability. Therefore, they cannot be directly used in engineering construction and require reinforcement before use. Compared with traditional soft soil foundation reinforcement methods, electro-osmosis has advantages such as fewer installation equipment, faster reinforcement speed, and better consolidation effect. Electroosmosis reinforcement of soft soil reduces the compressibility of cohesive soil. Its reinforcement mechanism mainly involves two aspects: drainage consolidation and chemical reinforcement. Firstly, by applying current to electrodes at both ends of the soil, an electric field is created between them. Anions and cations in the soil begin to move in opposite directions, dragging free water and weakly bound water from the cathode to the anode, forming what is known as "electroosmotic flow." However, since water moves from the anode to the cathode and is discharged at the cathode, the soil reinforcement strength gradually decreases from the anode to the cathode under electroosmosis, and the effective potential decreases with depth. Secondly, electrochemical reactions occurring during electroosmosis, such as electrode corrosion, cause drastic changes in the pH value of the soil between the electrodes. As the pH value near the anode decreases, electrode corrosion accelerates. Furthermore, metal cations undergo chemical cementation near the cathode, enhancing the bonding between soil particles and thus reinforcing the soil.

[0003] In recent years, the application of electroosmosis has been studied through mechanistic analysis, laboratory experiments, and field tests, providing a theoretical basis for engineering applications such as soft soil foundation treatment and slope reinforcement. However, electroosmosis reinforcement typically uses metal electrodes as conductors of current. These electrodes are usually buried in soft soil, which has a high water content and chemical activity, potentially leading to accelerated electrode corrosion. When current passes through the interface between the electrode and the soil, an electrochemical reaction may occur, resulting in electrode corrosion. The main cause of electrode corrosion is the presence of acidic substances, salts, or organic matter in the soil, which may react with the metal on the electrode surface, thus producing electrochemical corrosion. Simultaneously, moisture and oxygen in the soil are also important factors in electrode corrosion, as they can promote oxidative corrosion of the metal.

[0004] To mitigate electrode corrosion, protective measures can be implemented: coating the electrode surface with a protective layer or using anti-corrosion coatings to reduce contact with chemicals in the soil and lower the likelihood of corrosion. However, existing conductive coatings cannot simultaneously provide both corrosion resistance and conductivity, and they are prone to cracking after drying, resulting in poor sealing performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes, a method for preparing the same, an electrode, and a method for electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil. The anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes has excellent electrical conductivity and anti-corrosion properties, and when applied to the electrode, it has good sealing properties and is not prone to cracking.

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes, wherein the raw materials for preparation, calculated by weight, include the following components:

[0007] The ingredients are: 32-40 parts silicone epoxy resin, 2-4 parts carbon black, 4-8 parts graphite, 1-2 parts carbon fiber filament, 2-4 parts iron oxide, 0.5-1 part silver powder, 1-2 parts organobentonite, 0.5-1.5 parts talc, 15-20 parts methyl isobutyl ketone, 8-12 parts xylene, 3-5 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 3-8 parts tributyl phosphate, 0.5-1 part polysiloxane, 0.5-1 part polyethylene glycol, 1-5 parts butyl butyrate, and 1-5 parts polyaniline.

[0008] Specifically, in this invention, the organosilicon epoxy resin is in a liquid or semi-solid state and acts as a toughening agent in the coating, mainly to increase its toughness and impact resistance, while also improving its adhesion to the metal surface. Furthermore, in the embodiments of this invention, the epoxy value ranges from 0.18 to 0.36 (g / eq), exhibiting a certain degree of corrosion resistance.

[0009] In this invention, carbon black, graphite, and carbon fiber filaments primarily function as conductors in the coating. Their combination forms an effective conductive network, reducing the coating's resistance, increasing its conductivity, and ensuring effective charge conduction. Specifically, carbon black is a black powder with a particle size of 200 mesh, primarily serving a conductive function; graphite is black flakes or granules with a particle size of 100 mesh, and its unique structure also provides good thermal conductivity, allowing heat to conduct freely in the direction of current, increasing the thermal conductivity of the electrode; and carbon fiber filaments are fine threads with a length between 1mm and 3mm, enhancing the coating's electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and wear resistance.

[0010] In this invention, ferric oxide mainly acts as a corrosion inhibitor in the coating. It is in powder form and can form a protective oxide film layer to prevent corrosion of the metal substrate, slow down the corrosion rate, and extend the life of the coating.

[0011] In addition to its excellent electrical conductivity, silver powder in coatings can effectively improve the thermal conductivity of coatings due to the high thermal conductivity of silver.

[0012] In this invention, organic bentonite and talc are mainly used as fillers in the coating. They are in powder form and both have a particle size of 400 mesh. They can fill the gaps in the coating, smooth the surface of the coating, increase the smoothness and consistency of the coating, and make the coating have a certain scratch resistance and wear resistance.

[0013] In this invention, methyl isobutyl ketone and xylene are mainly used as solvents in the coating. Both are organic solvents with good solubility and dilution properties, which helps to dissolve resins and other additives and form a uniform coating, and facilitates the adjustment of the rheological properties of the coating.

[0014] In this invention, polyvinyl alcohol is mainly used as a dispersant in coatings. It is a water-soluble polymer compound that can uniformly disperse conductive materials and other materials into other matrices, maintain the stability of the entire system, form a dispersion system, and hinder the mutual attraction between particles, thereby maintaining the suspension of solid particles.

[0015] In this invention, tributyl phosphate is mainly used as a corrosion inhibitor in coatings. As an organic phosphate solution, it effectively protects the surface of the object being coated from corrosion and oxidation, prevents the metal from contacting oxygen, water and other corrosive substances in the environment, slows down the rate of metal corrosion, and its good wetting properties can help the coating to better cover and adhere to the surface of the object being coated, forming a uniform and continuous coating.

[0016] In this invention, polysiloxane and polyethylene glycol are mainly used as leveling agents in coatings. Both are colorless liquids with excellent leveling properties, which can reduce the surface tension of the coating, help reduce surface defects, and change the viscosity and rheological properties of the coating.

[0017] In this invention, butyl butyrate mainly functions as a slow-release agent in coatings. It is an organic compound solution that helps to slow down the drying speed of coatings, providing a longer preparation time, while also increasing the leveling properties of the coatings.

[0018] In this invention, polyaniline disperses the current density in the coating. It is in powder form, which can reduce the current density of the electrode and has good adhesion and stability, making the coating less likely to fall off during long-term use.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The silicone epoxy resin, methyl isobutyl ketone and xylene are mixed, stirred for the first time, and allowed to stand, cool and age to obtain the matrix liquid.

[0021] Carbon black, graphite and carbon fiber filaments are first ground and mixed, then iron oxide and silver powder are added and ground and mixed a second time, then organobentonite and talc are added and stirred a second time to obtain the filler;

[0022] Polyvinyl alcohol, tributyl phosphate, polysiloxane, polyethylene glycol and butyl butyrate were mixed by stirring to obtain a dispersion.

[0023] The matrix liquid, the filler, the dispersion and polyaniline are mixed in a fourth stirring process to obtain an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes;

[0024] The composition by weight is as follows: 32-40 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 2-4 parts of carbon black, 4-8 parts of graphite, 1-2 parts of carbon fiber filament, 2-4 parts of iron oxide, 0.5-1 part of silver powder, 1-2 parts of organobentonite, 0.5-1.5 parts of talc, 15-20 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone, 8-12 parts of xylene, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-8 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5-1 part of polysiloxane, 0.5-1 part of polyethylene glycol, 1-5 parts of butyl butyrate, and 1-5 parts of polyaniline.

[0025] Preferably, the speed of the first stirring is 100 r / min to 500 r / min;

[0026] The temperature of the first stirring is 45~55℃;

[0027] The first stirring time is 10~20 minutes;

[0028] The aging time is 20-28 hours.

[0029] More preferably, the step of mixing and dissolving the organosilicon epoxy resin, methyl isobutyl ketone, and xylene in an organic solvent, performing a first stirring, and allowing it to stand, cool, and age to obtain the matrix liquid is specifically as follows:

[0030] Weigh 32-40 parts of silicone epoxy resin, 15-20 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone, and 8-12 parts of xylene according to the weight ratio, and put them into the reaction vessel in sequence. Dissolve the silicone epoxy resin in the solvent, stir and mix at 100 r / min for 5 min, then increase the speed to 500 r / min and stir and mix for 15 min. At the same time, heat in an oil bath at 50°C to ensure uniform mixing and no solid particles remain. Let stand, cool and age for 24 h to obtain the matrix liquid.

[0031] Preferably, the first grinding time is 25-30 minutes;

[0032] The second grinding time is 55~65 minutes;

[0033] The second stirring speed is 250~350 r / min;

[0034] The second stirring time is 25~35 minutes.

[0035] More preferably, the process of first grinding and mixing carbon black, graphite, and carbon fiber filaments, followed by second grinding and mixing with the addition of iron oxide and silver powder, and then second stirring and mixing with the addition of organobentonite and talc powder to obtain the filler, specifically:

[0036] Weigh out 2-4 parts carbon black, 4-8 parts graphite, and 1-2 parts carbon fiber filaments by weight, and add them to a ball mill and mill for 30 minutes. Then weigh out 2-4 parts iron oxide and 0.5-1 parts silver powder, and add them to the ball mill and mill for another 60 minutes. Next, weigh out 1-2 parts organic bentonite and 0.5-1.5 parts talc, and add them together with the milled mixture into a sealed mixing tank. Stir and mix at 300 r / min for 20 minutes to obtain the filler.

[0037] Preferably, the third stirring temperature is 0°C;

[0038] The third stirring speed is 200~250 r / min;

[0039] The third stirring time is 25-35 minutes;

[0040] The fourth stirring speed is 450~550 r / min;

[0041] The fourth stirring time is 25-35 minutes;

[0042] The viscosity of the anti-corrosion coating used for electroosmotic reinforcement of the electrode is 100-150 MPa·s.

[0043] More preferably, the step of mixing polyvinyl alcohol, tributyl phosphate, polysiloxane, polyethylene glycol, and butyl butyrate in a third stirring to obtain a dispersion is specifically as follows:

[0044] Weigh out 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-8 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5-1 parts of polysiloxane, 0.5-1 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 1-5 parts of butyl butyrate according to the weight ratio, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Stir and mix at 200 r / min for 30 min under 0℃ ice-water bath conditions to obtain a dispersion.

[0045] More preferably, the step of mixing the matrix liquid, the filler, the dispersion, and the polyaniline in a fourth stirring process to obtain an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes specifically involves:

[0046] The matrix liquid, the filler, and the dispersion are added to the reactor in sequence. 1-5 parts of polyaniline are also weighed and added to the reactor according to the above weight proportions. The mixture is stirred at 500 r / min for 30 min at room temperature to control the viscosity of the coating at 100-150 mPa·s. The viscosity is tested using a rotational viscometer. After standing for 10 min, an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes is obtained.

[0047] Specifically, the anti-corrosion coating used for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes should be stored at 2–8°C and has a shelf life of 12 months.

[0048] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electrode comprising: a copper tube;

[0049] The copper tube is coated with the anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of the electrode as described above, or the anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of the electrode prepared by the preparation method described above.

[0050] Preferably, one end of the copper tube is closed and tapered;

[0051] The other end of the copper tube is provided with an insulating sleeve and is open, which is used as the grouting port of the anode electrode or the water outlet of the cathode electrode.

[0052] Preferably, the copper tube wall is provided with uniformly arranged through holes.

[0053] Preferably, the coating thickness of the anti-corrosion coating used for electroosmotic reinforcement of the electrode is 0.05-0.1 mm.

[0054] Specifically, the anti-corrosion coating used for electroosmotic reinforcement of the electrode is applied to the electrode by spraying. The specific operation is as follows: the spraying air pressure is controlled between 0.7-0.8MPa, the spraying distance is 20-30cm, the spraying thickness is 0.05-0.1mm, and after spraying, it is placed in a drying oven at 60℃ for 10 minutes before use.

[0055] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil, comprising the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Perform anti-clogging treatment on the through holes of the above electrodes;

[0057] Step 2: Connect the two electrodes to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply respectively to form a closed circuit;

[0058] Step 3: Insert the conical ends of the two electrodes into the soil so that the electrodes remain perpendicular to the ground plane;

[0059] Step 4: Fix the two electrodes;

[0060] Step 5: The two electrodes are the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, respectively. Insert a water suction tube into the cathode electrode and connect it to the vacuum pump. Turn on the vacuum pump.

[0061] Step 6: Turn on the power and perform electroosmotic reinforcement treatment.

[0062] Preferably, the arrangement of the electrodes is selected from a rectangular arrangement, a parallel staggered arrangement, or an interlaced arrangement 22.

[0063] Preferably, in step 1, the anti-clogging treatment of the electrode through hole specifically includes: covering the electrode through hole with a geomembrane.

[0064] Preferably, step 3, before inserting the conical ends of the two electrodes into the soil, further includes: cleaning the soil, adjusting the soil level, and using a drill bit of appropriate size to pre-drill a hole in the soft soil.

[0065] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0066] The first aspect of this invention provides an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes. The raw materials, calculated by weight, include the following components: 32-40 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 2-4 parts of carbon black, 4-8 parts of graphite, 1-2 parts of carbon fiber filament, 2-4 parts of iron(III) oxide, 0.5-1 part of silver powder, 1-2 parts of organobentonite, 0.5-1.5 parts of talc, 15-20 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone, 8-12 parts of xylene, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-8 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5-1 part of polysiloxane, 0.5-1 part of polyethylene glycol, 1-5 parts of butyl butyrate, and 1-5 parts of polyaniline. In this invention... The addition of organic epoxy resin, iron(III) oxide, organic bentonite, and talc synergistically enhances the mechanical and anti-corrosion properties of the coating. The addition of carbon black, graphite, carbon fiber filaments, and silver powder synergistically forms a conductive network, improving the coating's conductivity. The addition of methyl isobutyl ketone, xylene, tributyl phosphate, polysiloxane, polyethylene glycol, and butyl butyrate increases the coating's rheological properties, allowing for uniform and smooth application onto the electrode. The addition of polyaniline improves the coating's adhesion. Electrodes coated with this anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement exhibit excellent conductivity and anti-corrosion properties, good sealing performance, and are less prone to cracking. A second aspect of this invention provides a method for preparing an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement electrodes, which involves separately preparing a base liquid, filler, and dispersion liquid before mixing them, resulting in a coating with better uniformity and leveling properties. A third aspect of this invention provides an electrode that, when coated with the anti-corrosion coating of this invention, improves its corrosion resistance and extends its long-term service life in soil. The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil, wherein the electrodes are coated with anti-corrosion coating, which enhances the corrosion resistance of the electrodes, thereby reducing the frequency of electrode replacement and improving work efficiency and the solidification capacity of soft soil. Attached Figure Description

[0067] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of electrode installation in electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode arrangement in an electro-osmotic reinforcement of soft soil provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] In the figure, 1 is electrode, 2 is coating, 3 is through hole, 4 is geomembrane, 5 is electrode interface, 6 is insulation layer, 7 is insulation sleeve, 8 is steel shoe, 9 is slurry outlet hole, 10 is water collection hole, 11 is fixing plate, 12 is bolt, 13 is wire, 14 is DC power supply, 15 is water suction pipe, 16 is vacuum pump, 17 is hard shell layer, 18 is sand layer, and 19 is silty soil layer. Detailed Implementation

[0072] Electroosmosis is a commonly used method for consolidating soft soil in existing technologies. However, electrodes are prone to corrosion during the electroosmosis process. Electrode corrosion in electroosmotic soil consolidation refers to the phenomenon where electrodes are gradually worn down or corroded due to chemical or electrochemical reactions during the process. For the electrodes: Electrode corrosion not only reduces their lifespan and gradually damages their structure and performance, rendering them unable to function properly, but also means more frequent electrode replacement, increasing maintenance and operating costs. In addition, electrode corrosion may lead to a decrease in current transmission capacity, thereby reducing the effectiveness of electroosmosis, affecting the contact quality and conductivity between the electrode and the soil, and reducing the consistency and reliability of the electroosmosis effect. Regarding the cost of electroosmotic soil consolidation: Electrode corrosion in electroosmotic soil consolidation is likely to increase energy consumption. On the one hand, electrode corrosion reduces the contact quality between the electrode and the soil, and an oxide or other current-resistant layer forms on the electrode surface, increasing the electrode resistance. This increased resistance leads to current loss during the electroosmosis process, requiring more current and thus increasing energy consumption. On the other hand, prolonged current passing through the electrode causes it to heat up, accumulating more heat and affecting the effectiveness of electroosmosis. Regarding the effectiveness of electroosmotic stabilization of soft soil: electrode corrosion may lead to uneven current distribution, resulting in uneven soil reinforcement. Electrodes with varying degrees of corrosion will cause uneven current distribution in the soil, which may result in weaker reinforcement in some areas, affecting the overall reinforcement effect. Some areas may receive better reinforcement, while others may receive poorer reinforcement, potentially leading to different settlement rates in different areas of the soil, thus causing uneven settlement.

[0073] In order to mitigate the problem of electrode corrosion, the following measures are generally adopted in the prior art: (1) Selecting suitable electrode materials: Select metals or alloys with good corrosion resistance as electrode materials, such as stainless steel and titanium alloys, which have high corrosion resistance to most chemicals in soil. (2) Electrode protection measures: Coat the electrode surface with a protective layer or use anti-corrosion coatings to reduce contact with chemicals in soil and reduce the possibility of corrosion. (3) Controlling the direction and density of current: By changing the direction of current, the time of current passing through the electrode can be reduced, thus reducing the occurrence of corrosion. In addition, the current density can be appropriately controlled to avoid excessive current density leading to aggravated electrode corrosion. (4) Temperature control: Controlling the temperature during the electroosmotic reinforcement process can reduce electrode corrosion. Generally speaking, higher temperatures will increase the rate of electrode corrosion, while lower temperatures will slow down corrosion. (5) Adding electrolytes: Adding appropriate electrolytes to the soil can adjust the ion concentration and pH value of the soil, change the conductivity and chemical environment of the soil, thereby reducing electrode corrosion caused by electrochemical reactions. (6) Monitoring and Maintenance: Regularly monitor the corrosion of the electrodes and take necessary maintenance measures, such as cleaning the electrode surface and replacing damaged electrodes. However, existing conductive coatings have the problem of not being able to balance corrosion resistance and conductivity, and the coatings are prone to cracking after drying, resulting in poor sealing performance. Moreover, the construction process of some conductive heat dissipation coatings is relatively complex, requiring professional technology and equipment, which increases the difficulty and cost of construction, and poses certain challenges to the consistency and quality control of the coating, thus increasing the overall cost of the project.

[0074] In view of this, the present invention provides an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes and its preparation method, as well as an electrode and a method for electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil, to solve the problem that existing conductive coatings cannot simultaneously achieve both anti-corrosion performance and conductivity performance, and that the coating is prone to cracking after drying, resulting in poor sealing performance.

[0075] In the description of this application, it should be noted that relational terms such as “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc., are used only to distinguish one entity from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0076] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "fixing," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0077] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] This embodiment provides a first type of anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0080] (1) Preparation of matrix liquid: Weigh 36 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 18 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 10 parts of xylene according to the weight ratio, and put them into the reaction vessel in sequence. First, stir and mix at 100 r / min for 5 min, then increase the speed to 500 r / min and stir and mix for 15 min. At the same time, heat in an oil bath at 50°C to ensure uniform mixing and no solid particles remain. Let stand, cool and age for 24 h to obtain matrix liquid.

[0081] (2) Preparation of filler: Weigh 3 parts of carbon black, 6 parts of graphite and 1.5 parts of carbon fiber filament according to the weight ratio, add them to the ball mill and grind for 30 min. Then weigh 4 parts of iron oxide and 1 part of silver powder and add them to the ball mill and grind for 60 min. Next, weigh 1 part of organic bentonite and 1 part of talc powder and put them into a sealed mixing tank together with the ground mixture. Stir and mix at 300 r / min for 20 min to obtain the filler.

[0082] (3) Preparation of dispersion: Weigh 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5 parts of polysiloxane, 0.5 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 3 parts of butyl butyrate according to the weight ratio, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Stir and mix at 200 r / min for 30 min under 0℃ ice-water bath conditions to obtain dispersion.

[0083] (4) Preparation of conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating: Take the matrix liquid, filler and dispersion prepared in (1), (2) and (3) above, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Weigh 3 parts of polyaniline according to the above weight ratio and add them to the reaction vessel. Stir and mix at 500 r / min for 30 min at room temperature to control the viscosity of the coating at 100-150 mPa·s. The viscosity is tested using a rotational viscometer. After standing for 10 min, the conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating is obtained. The storage conditions are refrigeration at 2-8℃, and the shelf life is 12 months.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] This embodiment provides a second type of anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0086] (1) Preparation of matrix liquid: Weigh 32 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 15 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 8 parts of xylene according to the weight ratio, and put them into the reaction vessel in sequence. First, stir and mix at 100 r / min for 5 min, then increase the speed to 500 r / min and stir and mix for 15 min. At the same time, heat in an oil bath at 50°C to ensure uniform mixing and no solid particles remain. Let stand, cool and age for 24 h to obtain matrix liquid.

[0087] (2) Preparation of filler: Weigh 4 parts of carbon black, 8 parts of graphite and 2 parts of carbon fiber filaments according to the weight ratio, add them to the ball mill and grind for 30 min. Then weigh 3 parts of iron oxide and 1 part of silver powder and add them to the ball mill and grind for 60 min. Next, weigh 1.5 parts of organic bentonite and 1 part of talc powder and put them into a sealed mixing tank together with the ground mixture. Stir and mix at 300 r / min for 20 min to obtain the filler.

[0088] (3) Preparation of dispersion: Weigh 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5 parts of polysiloxane, 0.5 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 1 part of butyl butyrate according to the weight ratio, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Stir and mix at 200 r / min for 30 min under 0℃ ice-water bath conditions to obtain dispersion.

[0089] (4) Preparation of conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating: Take the matrix liquid, filler and dispersion prepared in (1), (2) and (3) above, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Weigh 1 part of polyaniline according to the above weight ratio and add it to the reaction vessel. Stir and mix at 500 r / min for 30 min at room temperature to control the viscosity of the coating at 100-150 mPa·s. The viscosity is tested using a rotational viscometer. After standing for 10 min, the conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating is obtained. The storage conditions are refrigeration at 2-8℃, and the shelf life is 12 months.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] This embodiment provides a third type of anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0092] (1) Preparation of matrix liquid: Weigh 32 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 15 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 8 parts of xylene according to the weight ratio, and put them into the reaction vessel in sequence. First, stir and mix at 100 r / min for 5 min, then increase the speed to 500 r / min and stir and mix for 15 min. At the same time, heat in an oil bath at 50°C to ensure uniform mixing and no solid particles remain. Let stand, cool and age for 24 h to obtain matrix liquid.

[0093] (2) Preparation of filler: Weigh 4 parts of carbon black, 8 parts of graphite and 2 parts of carbon fiber filaments according to the weight ratio, add them to the ball mill and grind for 30 min. Then weigh 3 parts of iron oxide and 1 part of silver powder and add them to the ball mill and grind for 60 min. Next, weigh 1.5 parts of organic bentonite and 1 part of talc powder and put them into a sealed mixing tank together with the ground mixture. Stir and mix at 300 r / min for 20 min to obtain the filler.

[0094] (3) Preparation of dispersion: Weigh 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5 parts of polysiloxane, 0.5 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 1 part of butyl butyrate according to the weight ratio, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Stir and mix at 200 r / min for 30 min under 0℃ ice-water bath conditions to obtain dispersion.

[0095] (4) Preparation of conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating: Take the matrix liquid, filler and dispersion prepared in (1), (2) and (3) above, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Weigh 1 part of polyaniline according to the above weight ratio and add it to the reaction vessel. Stir and mix at 500 r / min for 30 min at room temperature to control the viscosity of the coating at 100-150 mPa·s. The viscosity is tested using a rotational viscometer. After standing for 10 min, the conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating is obtained. The storage conditions are refrigeration at 2-8℃, and the shelf life is 12 months.

[0096] Example 4

[0097] Among the many factors influencing electrode corrosion in electroosmotic consolidated soil, high electrode temperature and high current density have the greatest impact. Specifically, high temperature affects electrode corrosion as follows: Increased electrode temperature accelerates the oxidation reaction of the metal electrode, forming metal oxides that adhere to the electrode surface, hindering current conduction. It also makes the electrode more susceptible to thermal expansion and contraction, leading to electrode material cracking. High-temperature environments, especially acidic or alkaline environments, can cause metal dissolution reactions, resulting in electrode material loss and corrosion. Furthermore, high-temperature reactions produce gases, causing gas bubbles to accumulate on the electrode surface, hindering contact between the electrode and the solution and increasing the interfacial resistance between the electrode and the soil. High current density affects electrode corrosion as follows: High current density increases the local potential difference on the electrode surface, leading to localized electrode corrosion, such as pitting or pitting corrosion. At high current densities, ion concentration polarization is easily generated, forming a high ion concentration gradient on the electrode surface. This leads to an increase in the acidity / alkalinity or oxygen concentration in the electrolyte solution, further promoting the electrode corrosion process.

[0098] In view of this, this embodiment provides an electrode, such as Figure 1As shown, an electrode includes a copper tube 1 coated with an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of the electrode, thus improving its corrosion resistance. In this embodiment, copper, a metal with good corrosion resistance, is selected as the electrode material, exhibiting high resistance to most chemicals found in soil. The electrode in this embodiment uses a conductive material or conductive coating to ensure uniform current distribution and conduction on the electrode surface. The conductive coating has low resistance to minimize internal resistance loss and ensure efficient current penetration into the soil.

[0099] Furthermore, one end of the copper pipe 1 is closed and tapered to facilitate insertion into the soil. The other end of the copper pipe 1 is equipped with an insulating sleeve 7, which is open and serves as the grouting port for the anode electrode or the outlet for the cathode electrode. Specifically, the tapered part is a tapered steel shoe 8 fitted onto the copper pipe 1.

[0100] Furthermore, the copper tube wall is provided with uniformly arranged through holes 3, serving as slurry outlet holes or water collection holes. A certain number and size of water collection holes are provided on the electrode structure surface. When water discharged from electroosmotic consolidation comes into contact with the electrode surface, it is guided by the holes or channels to better collect the moisture at the cathode electrode. In addition, the water collection holes, suction pipe, and vacuum pump work together to form a pumping system, working together to promptly remove moisture from the cathode electrode into the soil. Moreover, the electrode is designed as a tubular perforated structure, which increases the heat dissipation surface area and improves heat dissipation efficiency, effectively reducing the electrode temperature and ensuring the stability and safety of the electroosmotic reinforcement process.

[0101] Specifically, the through hole 3 can be selected from, but is not limited to, a circle, a square, or a triangle. A circle is preferred.

[0102] Furthermore, the anti-corrosion coating used for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes has a spray thickness of 0.05-0.1 mm. When the coating thickness is 0.05-0.1 mm, the amount of coating used is about 1.0% of the total weight of the metal electrode. The cost of the coating is much lower than the price of the metal, which can enhance the corrosion resistance of the electrode, extend the service life of the electrode, and reduce the cost of the electrode.

[0103] Example 5

[0104] This embodiment provides a first type of electrode, which is prepared as follows:

[0105] First, take a metal copper pipe 1. One end of the steel pipe 1 is closed and fitted with a conical steel shoe 8; the other end is open and serves as the grouting port for the anode electrode or the water outlet for the cathode electrode, and is fitted with an insulating sleeve 7.

[0106] The upper part of the copper pipe 1 is treated with an insulation layer 6, and the lower part is provided with uniformly arranged circular through holes 3, which are used for grouting port and grout outlet. The grouting port, grout outlet and water collection hole and water outlet are combined to form grout flow channel.

[0107] The anti-corrosion coating prepared in Example 1 is uniformly fed into the spray gun and sprayed using a high-pressure method. High-pressure gas is used to push the coating out to form coating particles. The anti-corrosion coating is applied to the surface of the copper pipe 1 and the coating is uniformly sprayed to form a coating 2 between the steel shoe 8 and the insulation layer 6 of the copper pipe 1.

[0108] The spraying air pressure is controlled between 0.7-0.8 MPa, the spraying distance is 20-30 cm, and the spraying thickness is 0.05-0.1 mm. After spraying, a conductive coating 2 is formed. After being placed in a drying oven at 60℃ for 20 minutes, the electrode is obtained.

[0109] This embodiment features a tubular, perforated electrode structure. A curing agent can be injected through the grouting holes to form a consolidation zone around the electrode, enhancing the soil consolidation effect. Coolant can also be injected through the pores to lower the electrode's own temperature and the temperature of the surrounding soil. Electrolyte solutions such as calcium chloride can also be injected through the pores to alter the chemical reaction between the electrode and the soil, reducing the corrosion rate of the anode electrode. Furthermore, due to the uniform pore distribution of the tubular electrode, the grouting material can penetrate the soil more evenly, improving the consolidation effect of the entire treatment area. The tubular, perforated electrode structure has a certain number and size of water collection holes on its surface. When water discharged from electroosmotic consolidation comes into contact with the electrode surface, it is guided by the holes or channels to better collect water at the cathode electrode. The water collection holes, suction pipe, and vacuum pump work together to form a pumping system, working together to promptly remove water from the cathode electrode into the soil, thereby improving drainage efficiency. In addition, due to the uniform pore distribution of the tubular electrode, the water discharged from electroosmosis can accumulate in layers, facilitating a shorter pumping period. During the electroosmotic consolidation process, current enters the soil through the electrode, generating a certain amount of heat. Tubular perforated metal electrodes can provide a larger surface area, increasing the heat dissipation surface, which helps to better dissipate heat, prevents the electrode from overheating under high current conditions, reduces thermal expansion and thermal damage to the electrode, and protects the structural integrity of the electrode.

[0110] In this embodiment, an anti-corrosion coating is sprayed onto the electrode surface to form a coating. This coating has the following advantages: (i) The coating can form a continuous conductive network, which can evenly distribute the current on the electrode surface, help reduce the concentration of current density, avoid local corrosion, and thus improve the effect of electro-osmotic reinforcement of soil; (ii) The coating can provide a good current conduction path, reduce the contact resistance between the electrode and the soil, help improve the current transmission efficiency, increase the migration speed of ions in the electro-osmotic reinforced soil, and thus improve the consolidation effect; (iii) The coating has a certain protective performance, which can prevent direct contact between the electrode and the soil, help protect the electrode surface from the erosion of chemicals or moisture in the soil, and extend the service life of the electrode; (iv) The coating can usually adhere well to the electrode surface and make close contact with the soil, providing a stable current transmission contact and providing a protective layer to prevent corrosion or damage to the electrode surface.

[0111] Example 6

[0112] This embodiment provides a second method for preparing the electrode, with the same steps as in Embodiment 5, except that the anti-corrosion coating obtained in Embodiment 2 is used. The spraying conditions are: spraying air pressure controlled between 0.7-0.8 MPa, spraying distance of 20-30 cm, and spraying thickness of 0.05-0.1 mm. After spraying, the electrode is obtained after being placed in a drying oven at 60°C for 30 minutes.

[0113] Example 7

[0114] This embodiment provides a third method for preparing the electrode. The steps are the same as in Example 5, except that the anti-corrosion coating prepared in Example 3 is used. The spraying conditions are: spraying air pressure controlled between 0.7-0.8 MPa, spraying distance of 20-30 cm, and spraying thickness of 0.05-0.1 mm. After spraying, the electrode is obtained after being placed in a drying oven at 60°C for 20 minutes.

[0115] Comparative Example 1

[0116] This comparative example provides a fourth type of anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that carbon black, graphite, and carbon fiber powder are not added. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0117] (1) Preparation of matrix liquid: Weigh 36 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 18 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 10 parts of xylene according to the weight ratio, and put them into the reaction vessel in sequence. Dissolve the organosilicon epoxy resin in the solvent, stir and mix at 100 r / min for 5 min, then increase the speed to 500 r / min and stir and mix for 15 min. At the same time, heat in an oil bath at 50°C to ensure uniform mixing and no solid particles remain. Let stand, cool and age for 24 h to obtain the matrix liquid.

[0118] (2) Preparation of filler: Weigh 4 parts of iron oxide and 1 part of silver powder according to the weight ratio and add them to the ball mill for 60 min. Then weigh 1 part of organic bentonite and 1 part of talc powder and put them into a sealed mixing tank together with the ground mixture. Stir and mix at 300 r / min for 20 min to obtain the filler.

[0119] (3) Preparation of dispersion: Weigh 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5 parts of polysiloxane, 0.5 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 3 parts of butyl butyrate according to the weight ratio, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Stir and mix at 200 r / min for 30 min under 0℃ ice-water bath conditions to obtain dispersion.

[0120] (4) Preparation of conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating: Take the matrix liquid, filler and dispersion prepared in (1), (2) and (3) above, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Weigh 3 parts of polyaniline according to the above weight ratio and add them to the reaction vessel. Stir and mix at 500 r / min for 30 min at room temperature to control the viscosity of the coating at 100-150 mPa·s. The viscosity is tested using a rotational viscometer. After standing for 10 min, the conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating is obtained. The storage conditions are refrigeration at 2-8℃, and the shelf life is 12 months.

[0121] Comparative Example 2

[0122] This comparative example provides a fifth type of anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that polyaniline is not added. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0123] (1) Preparation of matrix liquid: Weigh 36 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 18 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 10 parts of xylene according to the weight ratio, and put them into the reaction vessel in sequence. Dissolve the organosilicon epoxy resin in the solvent, stir and mix at 100 r / min for 5 min, then increase the speed to 500 r / min and stir and mix for 15 min. At the same time, heat in an oil bath at 50°C to ensure uniform mixing and no solid particles remain. Let stand, cool and age for 24 h to obtain the matrix liquid.

[0124] (2) Preparation of filler: Weigh 3 parts of carbon black, 6 parts of graphite and 1.5 parts of carbon fiber filament according to the weight ratio, add them to the ball mill and grind for 30 min. Then weigh 4 parts of iron oxide and 1 part of silver powder and add them to the ball mill and grind for 60 min. Next, weigh 1 part of organic bentonite and 1 part of talc powder and put them into a sealed mixing tank together with the ground mixture. Stir and mix at 300 r / min for 20 min to obtain the filler.

[0125] (3) Preparation of dispersion: Weigh 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5 parts of polysiloxane, 0.5 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 3 parts of butyl butyrate according to the weight ratio, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Stir and mix at 200 r / min for 30 min under 0℃ ice-water bath conditions to obtain dispersion.

[0126] (4) Preparation of conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating: Take the matrix liquid, filler and dispersion prepared in (1), (2) and (3) above, add them to the reaction vessel in sequence, and stir and mix at 500 r / min for 30 min at room temperature to control the viscosity of the coating at 100-150 mPa·s. The viscosity is tested by rotational viscometer. After standing for 10 min, the conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating is obtained. The storage conditions are refrigeration at 2-8℃, and the shelf life is 12 months.

[0127] Comparative Example 3

[0128] This comparative example provides a sixth type of anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that it does not contain iron oxide and talc. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0129] (1) Preparation of matrix liquid: Weigh 36 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 18 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 10 parts of xylene according to the weight ratio, and put them into the reaction vessel in sequence. Dissolve the organosilicon epoxy resin in the solvent, stir and mix at 100 r / min for 5 min, then increase the speed to 500 r / min and stir and mix for 15 min. At the same time, heat in an oil bath at 50°C to ensure uniform mixing and no solid particles remain. Let stand, cool and age for 24 h to obtain the matrix liquid.

[0130] (2) Preparation of filler: Weigh 3 parts of carbon black, 6 parts of graphite and 1.5 parts of carbon fiber filament according to the weight ratio, add them to the ball mill and grind for 30 min. Then weigh 1 part of silver powder and add it to the ball mill and grind for 60 min. Next, weigh 1 part of organic bentonite and put it into a sealed mixing tank together with the ground mixture. Stir and mix at 300 r / min for 20 min to obtain the filler.

[0131] (3) Preparation of dispersion: Weigh 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5 parts of polysiloxane, 0.5 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 3 parts of butyl butyrate according to the weight ratio, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Stir and mix at 200 r / min for 30 min under 0℃ ice-water bath conditions to obtain dispersion.

[0132] (4) Preparation of conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating: Take the matrix liquid, filler and dispersion prepared in (1), (2) and (3) above, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Weigh 3 parts of polyaniline according to the above weight ratio and add them to the reaction vessel. Stir and mix at 500 r / min for 30 min at room temperature to control the viscosity of the coating at 100-150 mPa·s. The viscosity is tested using a rotational viscometer. After standing for 10 min, the conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating is obtained. The storage conditions are refrigeration at 2-8℃, and the shelf life is 12 months.

[0133] Comparative Example 4

[0134] This comparative example provides a seventh type of anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that methyl isobutyl ketone and butyl butyrate are not added. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0135] (1) Preparation of matrix liquid: Weigh 36 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 18 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone and 10 parts of xylene according to the weight ratio, and put them into the reaction vessel in sequence. Dissolve the organosilicon epoxy resin in the solvent, stir and mix at 100 r / min for 5 min, then increase the speed to 500 r / min and stir and mix for 15 min. At the same time, heat in an oil bath at 50°C to ensure uniform mixing and no solid particles remain. Let stand, cool and age for 24 h to obtain the matrix liquid.

[0136] (2) Preparation of filler: Weigh 3 parts of carbon black, 6 parts of graphite and 1.5 parts of carbon fiber filament according to the weight ratio, add them to the ball mill and grind for 30 min. Then weigh 4 parts of iron oxide and 1 part of silver powder and add them to the ball mill and grind for 60 min. Next, weigh 1 part of organic bentonite and 1 part of talc powder and put them into a sealed mixing tank together with the ground mixture. Stir and mix at 300 r / min for 20 min to obtain the filler.

[0137] (3) Preparation of dispersion: Weigh 4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5 parts of polysiloxane and 0.5 parts of polyethylene glycol according to the weight ratio, add them to the reaction vessel in sequence, and stir and mix at 200 r / min for 30 min under 0℃ ice water bath conditions to obtain dispersion.

[0138] (4) Preparation of conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating: Take the matrix liquid, filler and dispersion prepared in (1), (2) and (3) above, and add them to the reaction vessel in sequence. Weigh 3 parts of polyaniline according to the above weight ratio and add them to the reaction vessel. Stir and mix at 500 r / min for 30 min at room temperature to control the viscosity of the coating at 100-150 mPa·s. The viscosity is tested using a rotational viscometer. After standing for 10 min, the conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating is obtained. The storage conditions are refrigeration at 2-8℃, and the shelf life is 12 months.

[0139] Test Example 1

[0140] This test example examined the physicochemical properties of the anti-corrosion coatings prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4, as well as the anti-corrosion coatings on the electrodes prepared in Examples 5-7.

[0141] The test metrics and test methods are as follows:

[0142] (1) The adhesion of the coating was determined according to GB / T 9286-2021 "Paints and Varnishes - Cross-cut Test". The coating was sprayed onto the surface of the metal plate using a high-pressure spraying method. After natural curing, the coating surface was cleaned to ensure that there was no dust, grease or other impurities. Then, a cross-cut test blade was used to draw horizontal and vertical intersecting lines on the coating surface to form a grid with a side length of 2-3 mm. Next, a slight rotational force was applied to the grid area using the tip of the cross-cut test blade, and it was observed whether the coating could be peeled off from the grid area.

[0143] (2) The flexibility of the coating was determined according to GB / T 1731-2020 "Test Method for Flexibility of Paint Film and Putty Film". The coating was sprayed onto the bending test device by high pressure spraying, and a certain bending force was applied to make it bend to 45°. The coating was observed to see if cracks appeared and the crack width was measured.

[0144] (3) The resistivity of the coating was tested according to DB13 / T 5026.3-2019 "Methods for Determination of Physical Properties of Graphene Conductive Paste Part 3: Four-Probe Method for Determination of Resistivity of Paste Electrodes". A clean glass substrate was prepared and coated with a suitable insulating material. The prepared coating was sprayed onto the surface of the glass substrate using a high-pressure spraying method. At the beginning of the measurement, four probe electrodes were fixed on the coating surface in a square arrangement. Two external electrodes were used to apply a 1mA current, and the other two internal electrodes were used to measure the voltage. After powering on, the voltage generated by the internal electrodes was measured with a voltmeter, and the resistivity of the coating was calculated based on the relationship between the current and the voltage. The commonly used calculation formula is: resistivity σ = (voltage U × electrode spacing L) / (current I × cross-sectional area A). Multiple measurements were taken and the average value was calculated.

[0145] (4) The salt spray resistance of the coating was tested according to GB / T 10125-2012 "Artificial Atmosphere Corrosion Test - Salt Spray Test". In this invention, a conductive heat dissipation and anti-corrosion coating was applied to a pure copper tube with a diameter of 10 mm. After immersion in a 5% NaCl solution for 720 h, the coating remained intact, without blistering, peeling, cracking, or other damage, and showed no significant changes. In the blank group, i.e., the uncoated copper tube, blistering occurred on the surface after immersion in a 5% NaCl solution for 720 h. The main reason for this phenomenon is that when copper comes into contact with chloride ions, oxidation and reduction reactions may occur, leading to the dissolution of metal ions on the copper surface and the generation of gas.

[0146] The test results for each indicator are shown in Table 1:

[0147] Table 1. Performance test results of the anti-corrosion coatings prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0148]

[0149] According to the test results in Table 1:

[0150] The adhesion test grades of the anti-corrosion coatings prepared in Examples 1, 2 and 3 are all Grade 1, indicating that the anti-corrosion coatings prepared using the formulation of this invention have excellent adhesion.

[0151] The anti-corrosion coatings prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3 all showed cracks only after being bent 6 times, indicating that the anti-corrosion coatings prepared using the formulation of this invention exhibit good flexibility. The crack width in Examples 1 and 3 was 1 mm, while the crack width in Example 2 was 2 mm, demonstrating that reducing the amount of isobutyl ketone, tributyl xylene phosphate, polysiloxane, polyethylene glycol, and butyl butyrate decreases the flexibility of the anti-corrosion coating.

[0152] The resistivity of the coating in Example 1 is 1.0–1.5 Ω·cm, the resistivity of the coating in Example 2 is 2.0–2.5 Ω·cm, and the resistivity of the coating in Example 3 is 2.5–3.0 Ω·cm. The anti-corrosion coatings prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3 all exhibit good electrical conductivity, indicating that the anti-corrosion coatings prepared using the formulation of this invention have excellent electrical conductivity.

[0153] The coatings on the electrodes of Examples 5, 6, and 7 showed no obvious changes, cracks, or peeling after being immersed in 5% NaCl solution for 720 hours. In contrast, the untreated pure copper tube (blank group) showed blistering and corrosion. This indicates that the electrodes coated with the anti-corrosion coating in this invention have good corrosion resistance.

[0154] Based on the above results, the anti-corrosion coating prepared with the following weight proportions is as follows: 36 parts silicone epoxy resin, 3 parts carbon black, 6 parts graphite, 1.5 parts carbon fiber filament, 4 parts iron oxide, 1 part silver powder, 1 part organobentonite, 1 part talc, 18 parts methyl isobutyl ketone, 10 parts xylene, 4 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 6 parts tributyl phosphate, 0.5 parts polysiloxane, 0.5 parts polyethylene glycol, 3 parts butyl butyrate, and 3 parts polyaniline.

[0155] The adhesion, flexibility, conductivity and corrosion resistance of the anti-corrosion coatings prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were significantly reduced, indicating that the synergistic effect of the components of the anti-corrosion coatings in each of the present invention significantly improved the adhesion, flexibility, conductivity and corrosion resistance of the anti-corrosion coatings.

[0156] In summary, the electrode in this invention has the following advantages:

[0157] Firstly, the electrodes in this invention are coated with an anti-corrosion coating used for electroosmotic reinforcement, which has the properties of high conductivity, high temperature resistance, and good corrosion resistance. Moreover, the anti-corrosion coating has high density and solid properties, and its conductivity and heat dissipation properties will remain stable after curing. It can effectively separate the metal material from the soil, avoid metal corrosion, and extend the service life of the electrode.

[0158] Secondly, the electrode in this invention has a certain strength and hardness after being coated with the coating. At the same time, because the anti-corrosion coating prepared by this invention has good adhesion, it can be firmly attached to the electrode surface and is not easy to peel off or fall off. To a certain extent, it can avoid damage and corrosion of the metal caused by soil friction, and ensure the durability and damage resistance of the electrode during use.

[0159] Third, during the process of electroosmotic reinforcement of soil, short-term high current surges may occasionally occur, especially when the temperature rises sharply and the metal expands due to heat. However, the anti-corrosion coating formed by the electrode used in this invention is not easy to detach at high temperatures and has good thermal conductivity.

[0160] Fourth, the electrodes prepared by this invention generally do not require complex professional skills or special equipment. Whether the electrodes are small or large, they can be constructed using the same simple process, thereby improving the versatility and adaptability of the process. Furthermore, the electrodes have enhanced corrosion resistance, thus reducing the frequency of electrode replacement and improving work efficiency and production capacity.

[0161] Fifth, the amount of coating used in this invention is approximately 1.0% of the total weight of the metal electrodes, while the cost of this coating is far lower than the price of the metal, and there is still room for improvement. Furthermore, the enhanced corrosion resistance of the electrodes and the significantly extended expected lifespan will, to some extent, reduce construction costs and time, resulting in certain economic benefits.

[0162] Example 8

[0163] Please see Figure 2 This embodiment provides a method for electroosmotic solidification of soft soil, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0164] (1) Fabrication of electrodes

[0165] Based on the coating preparation methods in Examples 1-3 and the electrode preparation methods in Examples 5-7, a copper tube is prepared. One end is closed with a conical steel shoe 8, and the other end is open, serving as the grouting port for the anode electrode or the outlet for the cathode electrode, and is equipped with an insulating sleeve 7. An insulating layer 6 is applied to the upper part of the tube, and the lower part has uniformly arranged circular grouting holes or water collecting holes 3. The grouting port and outlet, as well as the water collecting holes and outlet, all combine to form grout flow channels. A high-pressure spraying method is used. During spraying, the coating is evenly fed into the spray gun, and high-pressure gas propels the coating out, forming coating particles to coat the metal surface and ensure uniform coating. The spraying air pressure is controlled between 0.7-0.8 MPa, the spraying distance is 20-30 cm, and the spraying thickness is 0.05-0.1 mm. After spraying, a conductive coating 2 is formed. After drying in a 60℃ oven for 20 minutes, it can be used. This electrode is designed with grouting holes, allowing the use of grouting technology to inject specific conductive grouting material around the electrode. Specifically, the grouting material should be conductive, providing a good current conduction path and making close contact with the soil to achieve effective electroosmotic reinforcement, while also helping to reduce soil temperature.

[0166] (2) Electrode treatment

[0167] First, a geological survey was conducted, revealing that the hard crust layer 17 and sandy soil layer 18, which did not require electro-osmotic drainage reinforcement, were excluded. Only the silty soil layer 19 underwent electro-osmotic drainage reinforcement. Therefore, an insulating layer 6 was applied to the electrode surface. To prevent clogging, the slurry outlet holes on the anode electrode tube and the water collection holes on the cathode electrode tube were covered with a geomembrane 4 over the through-holes 3. A conical steel shoe 8 was installed at the bottom of the electrode for easy driving into the soil.

[0168] (3) Connecting wires

[0169] First, reserve wire 13, which is divided into a red wire and a black wire. The red wire is the anode, and the black wire is the cathode. Connect one end of the red wire and one end of the black wire to the electrode interface 5 of the anode and cathode, respectively, and connect the other end to the positive and negative terminals of the DC power supply 14, respectively, to ensure that the circuit connection is unobstructed.

[0170] (4) Press in the electroosmotic electrode

[0171] After cleaning and leveling the site, use a drill bit of appropriate size to pre-drill a hole in the soft soil. At the pre-drilled hole, use a pressure testing machine to press the electroosmotic electrode 1 into the soil to a certain depth, ensuring that it is pressed into the soil perpendicular to the ground, and record the driving depth.

[0172] (5) Fixed electrode

[0173] The electrodes are secured at their inlets using fixing plates 11 and bolts 12 to prevent them from sinking into the soil under gravity. The fixing plates provide reliable fixation, ensuring stable current during use and preventing disturbances during soil reinforcement from affecting the electrodes. The bolts facilitate electrode maintenance and replacement, increasing the flexibility of the electroosmosis system.

[0174] (6) Install a vacuum pump

[0175] During electroosmotic consolidation, a large amount of water accumulates inside the cathode electrode tube through the collection hole 10. Therefore, a suction pipe 15 is inserted into the cathode electrode and connected to a vacuum pump 16 on the ground, ensuring a tight, leak-free connection and sealing. After connection, adjustments and tests are performed to check the operating status of the vacuum pump 16 and determine its pressure based on the number of electrodes. The vacuum pump creates a strong negative pressure; by establishing a vacuum, water is extracted, accelerating the drainage process and improving drainage efficiency. The vacuum pump can also be used in conjunction with an automatic control system to automate the drainage process of electroosmotic soil consolidation, reducing manual intervention and improving operational efficiency.

[0176] (7) Connect the power supply

[0177] After completing the above steps, the DC power supply 14 is determined to adopt a voltage or current stabilization mode according to the design scheme, and the input voltage or current is set. After being turned on, the electroosmotic reinforcement treatment begins.

[0178] For further details, please refer to Figure 3 For large areas of soft soil requiring consolidation, multiple electrodes are typically used. The number and arrangement of electrodes vary depending on geological conditions and other factors, including rectangular arrangements (20), parallel staggered arrangements (21), and interlaced arrangements (22). This diverse electrode arrangement provides greater flexibility and adaptability, enabling electroosmotic consolidation technology to meet various geological environments and engineering requirements. Different arrangements may produce variations in electric field distribution and consolidation effects, which helps optimize the electroosmotic consolidation process.

[0179] The above provides a detailed description of the anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes, its preparation method, the electrode, and the method for electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil provided by the present invention. For those skilled in the art, based on the ideas of the embodiments of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corrosion-resistant coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparation, calculated by weight, include the following components: The ingredients are: 32-40 parts silicone epoxy resin, 2-4 parts carbon black, 4-8 parts graphite, 1-2 parts carbon fiber filament, 2-4 parts iron oxide, 0.5-1 part silver powder, 1-2 parts organobentonite, 0.5-1.5 parts talc, 15-20 parts methyl isobutyl ketone, 8-12 parts xylene, 3-5 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 3-8 parts tributyl phosphate, 0.5-1 part polysiloxane, 0.5-1 part polyethylene glycol, 1-5 parts butyl butyrate, and 1-5 parts polyaniline.

2. A method for preparing an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The silicone epoxy resin, methyl isobutyl ketone and xylene are mixed, stirred for the first time, and allowed to stand, cool and age to obtain the matrix liquid. Carbon black, graphite and carbon fiber filaments are first ground and mixed, then iron oxide and silver powder are added and ground and mixed a second time, then organobentonite and talc are added and stirred a second time to obtain the filler; Polyvinyl alcohol, tributyl phosphate, polysiloxane, polyethylene glycol and butyl butyrate were mixed by stirring to obtain a dispersion. The matrix liquid, the filler, the dispersion and polyaniline are mixed in a fourth stirring process to obtain an anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes; The composition by weight is as follows: 32-40 parts of organosilicon epoxy resin, 2-4 parts of carbon black, 4-8 parts of graphite, 1-2 parts of carbon fiber filament, 2-4 parts of iron oxide, 0.5-1 part of silver powder, 1-2 parts of organobentonite, 0.5-1.5 parts of talc, 15-20 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone, 8-12 parts of xylene, 3-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3-8 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.5-1 part of polysiloxane, 0.5-1 part of polyethylene glycol, 1-5 parts of butyl butyrate, and 1-5 parts of polyaniline.

3. The method for preparing the anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first stirring speed is 100 r / min to 500 r / min; The temperature of the first stirring is 45~55℃; The first stirring time is 10~20 minutes; The aging time is 20-28 hours.

4. The method for preparing the anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first grinding time is 25~30 minutes; The second grinding time is 55~65 minutes; The second stirring speed is 250~350 r / min; The second stirring time is 25~35 minutes.

5. The method for preparing the anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third stirring temperature is 0°C; The third stirring speed is 200~250 r / min; The third stirring time is 25-35 minutes; The fourth stirring speed is 450~550 r / min; The fourth stirring time is 25-35 minutes; The viscosity of the anti-corrosion coating used for electroosmotic reinforcement of the electrode is 100-150 MPa·s.

6. An electrode, characterized in that, include: Copper pipe; The copper tube is coated with the anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of the electrode as described in claim 1, or the anti-corrosion coating for electroosmotic reinforcement of the electrode prepared by any one of claims 2 to 5.

7. The electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the copper tube is closed and conical; The other end of the copper tube is provided with an insulating sleeve and is open, which is used as the grouting port of the anode electrode or the water outlet of the cathode electrode.

8. The electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that, The copper tube wall has uniformly arranged through holes.

9. The electrode according to claim 6, characterized in that, The coating thickness of the anti-corrosion coating used for electroosmotic reinforcement of electrodes is 0.05-0.1 mm.

10. A method for electroosmotic reinforcement of soft soil, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Perform anti-clogging treatment on the through hole of the electrode as described in claim 8; Step 2: Connect the two electrodes to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply respectively to form a closed circuit; Step 3: Insert the conical ends of the two electrodes into the soil so that the electrodes remain perpendicular to the ground plane; Step 4: Fix the two electrodes; Step 5: The two electrodes are the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, respectively. Insert a water suction tube into the cathode electrode and connect it to the vacuum pump. Turn on the vacuum pump. Step 6: Turn on the power and perform electroosmotic reinforcement treatment.

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