A multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine, which can simultaneously implement four-row fertilization and seeding operation, and comprises a main frame and a fertilization assembly and a seeding assembly which are installed on the main frame; the fertilization assembly is provided with four fertilizer feeding pipes which are distributed in a left and right manner, and further comprises a fertilizer box for providing fertilizers to the fertilizer feeding pipes, a fertilizer discharging mechanism and a first ground wheel for driving the fertilizer discharging mechanism to operate; the number of the seeding assemblies is four groups, and each seeding assembly comprises a seed box, an air suction type seed metering device, a furrowing device and a soil covering device; a fan is further installed on the main frame; an intermittent release device is arranged between each fertilizer discharging mechanism and the corresponding fertilizer feeding pipe, the intermittent release device comprises a blocking mechanism capable of blocking the fertilizers, and further comprises an air inlet pipe capable of blowing the blocking mechanism apart; the fan provides air flow to each intermittent release device and the air suction type seed metering device. In the application, the intermittent fertilizer discharging is realized through the first ground wheel and the intermittent release device, and a motor is not needed to be additionally arranged, so that the control complexity and cost are not increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the prior art, patent application number 200810230239.2 discloses a typical multi-channel fertilizer and seeding machine. This patent utilizes ground wheels to drive the fertilizer and seeding mechanisms, and a fan to operate the seed metering device for seed dispensing. This machine has the following disadvantages:

[0003] (1) Intelligent fertilizer strip application results in fertilizer being relatively dispersed, which is not conducive to fertilizer efficiency. In existing technologies, it is generally necessary to change to adding a stepper motor or servo motor to drive the fertilizer application mechanism, which will increase the control complexity.

[0004] (2) The sowing row spacing is fixed and cannot be adjusted as needed. In other existing technologies, such as the patent application number 201110329644.1, a scheme is disclosed to change the sowing row spacing by setting multiple independent drive units on the adjusting beam. In this scheme, a motor needs to be set separately for each drive unit, which is costly, complex to control, and has a high failure rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an integrated machine for multi-row intermittent fertilization and sowing that can simultaneously achieve fertilizer hole application and air suction seeding by means of airflow.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the multi-row intermittent fertilization and sowing integrated machine of the present invention can simultaneously perform four-row fertilization and sowing operations, and includes a main frame and fertilization and sowing components installed on the main frame;

[0007] The fertilization assembly has four fertilizer inlet pipes arranged on the left and right sides, and also includes a fertilizer box for supplying fertilizer to the fertilizer inlet pipes, a fertilizer discharge mechanism, and a first ground wheel for driving the fertilizer discharge mechanism.

[0008] The number of the sowing components is four sets, and the sowing components include a seed box, a pneumatic seed metering device, a furrowing device, and a soil covering device; a fan is also installed on the main frame;

[0009] Each of the fertilizer discharging mechanisms is provided with an intermittent release device between itself and the corresponding fertilizer inlet pipe. The intermittent release device includes a blocking mechanism that can block the fertilizer from the left and right, and an air inlet pipe that can blow open the blocking mechanism.

[0010] The fan is connected to an airflow distribution pipe, which has an outlet that provides airflow to each row of the intermittent release device and the air-suction seed metering device.

[0011] Furthermore, each pair of fertilizer discharge mechanisms corresponds to the same fertilizer box, that is, there are a total of two fertilizer boxes, each of which is a long strip structure placed horizontally from left to right; the fan is placed between the two fertilizer boxes.

[0012] Furthermore, the fertilization assembly also includes a trenching shovel and a roller rake; the trenching shovel includes a shovel body that curves forward at the lower end, and a blade is fixed at the lower end of the shovel body; the fertilizer inlet pipe is fixed to the rear side of the trenching shovel, and the roller rake is rotatably mounted on the rear side of the fertilizer inlet pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the first ground wheel includes a cylindrical main wheel body and anti-slip parts arranged in a circumferential array relative to the main wheel body; the anti-slip parts are U-shaped bent steel bars, one end of which is fixed to the inner wall of the main wheel body, and the other end is placed on the outer side of the main wheel body.

[0014] Furthermore, the first ground wheel is connected to the main frame via a height adjustment mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, there are two first ground wheels, arranged side by side; the four fertilizer pipes correspond to four rakes in two pairs, left and right, with one first ground wheel between each pair of rakes.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the seeding components includes a connecting seat that connects to the main frame, and the spacing between the connecting seats can be adjusted.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the connecting seats is slidably mounted relative to the main frame; a first rack is mounted on the main frame, and a first drive motor is mounted on each of the connecting seats, with a first gear meshing with the first rack fixed on the output shaft of the first drive motor.

[0018] Furthermore, the four connecting seats corresponding to the four seeding components are respectively a first seat, a second seat, a third seat, and a fourth seat; the second seat is a reference seat, on which a second drive motor is mounted, and a second gear is fixed on the output shaft of the second drive motor. A second rack and a third rack are mounted on both sides of the center of the second gear in a parallel arrangement; the second rack and the third rack are respectively connected to the first seat and the third seat, and the third rack simultaneously drives the third gear to move synchronously with the third seat. The third gear can rotate relative to the third rack, and a fourth rack and a fifth rack are respectively mounted on both sides of the third gear to mesh with it. The fourth rack is fixed relative to the second seat; the fifth rack can slide relative to the second seat, and the fifth rack is connected to the fourth seat.

[0019] Furthermore, the air-suction seed meter is driven by a second ground wheel.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) Intermittent fertilizer discharge is achieved through the first ground wheel and the intermittent release device. The intermittent release device is opened and closed intermittently by means of the airflow generated by the fan. There is no need to set up a separate motor, which will not increase the control complexity and cost.

[0022] (2) The air path layout is reasonable and the overall layout is compact, which can achieve intermittent fertilization and sowing while making the overall structure of the machine compact;

[0023] (3) The first ground wheel not only drives the fertilizer discharge mechanism, but also serves as a support wheel, which can reduce the number of parts and maintain the compactness of the machine structure;

[0024] (4) The row spacing can be adjusted as needed, and in the preferred scheme, the row spacing can be precisely changed by driving four sowing components with one motor, saving costs and reducing the failure rate. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a side view of a multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a first three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of section A;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section B;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the intermittent release device;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the blocking mechanism;

[0032] Figure 8 Here is a structural diagram of the spacing adjustment mechanism;

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of section C;

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 8Enlarged structural diagram of section D;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the spacing adjustment mechanism.

[0036] In the diagram: 1-Main frame; 2-Fertilizer applicator; 21-Fertilizer inlet pipe; 22-Fertilizer box; 23-Fertilizer discharge mechanism; 24-First ground wheel; 241-Main wheel body; 242-Anti-slip part; 25-Furrowing shovel; 251-Shovel body; 252-Blade; 26-Rolling rake; 27-Height adjustment mechanism; 3-Sowing assembly; 31-Seed box; 32-Pneumatic seed metering device; 33-Furrowing device; 34-Soil covering device; 35-Connecting seat; 35a-First seat; 35b-Second seat; 35c-Third seat; 35d-Fourth seat; 4-Intermittent release device; 4 1-Blocking mechanism; 41a-Component seat; 41b-Fan-shaped baffle; 41c-Torsion spring; 42-Inlet pipe; 43-Feeding cylinder; 44-Outer shell; 5-Fan; 51-Airflow distribution pipe; 52-Outlet; 61-First rack; 62-First drive motor; 63-First gear; 71-Second drive motor; 72-Second gear; 73-Second rack; 74-Third rack; 75-Third gear; 76-Fourth rack; 77-Fifth rack; 78-Transition seat; 79-Third gear; 710-Sixth rack; 8-Second ground wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1-3 The multi-row intermittent fertilization and sowing machine shown can perform four rows of fertilization and sowing operations simultaneously. It includes a main frame 1 and fertilization components 2 and sowing components 3 installed on the main frame 1.

[0039] The fertilization assembly 2 has four fertilizer inlet pipes 21 arranged on the left and right, and also includes a fertilizer box 22 for supplying fertilizer to the fertilizer inlet pipes 21, a fertilizer discharge mechanism 23, and a first ground wheel 24 for driving the fertilizer discharge mechanism 23. The fertilizer discharge mechanism 23 is located at the bottom of the fertilizer box 22, and the fertilizer discharge mechanism 23 corresponds to the fertilizer inlet pipes 21 one by one.

[0040] The number of the sowing components 3 is four sets. The sowing components 3 include a seed box 31, an air suction seed metering device 32, a furrowing device 33, and a soil covering device 34; a fan 5 is also installed on the main frame 1.

[0041] Each of the fertilizer discharging mechanisms 23 is equipped with an intermittent release device 4 between itself and the corresponding fertilizer inlet pipe 21, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the intermittent release device 4 includes a blocking mechanism 41 that can block fertilizer from the left and right, and an air inlet pipe 42 that can blow open the blocking mechanism 41.

[0042] The fan 5 is connected to the airflow distribution pipe 51, which is horizontally arranged. The airflow distribution pipe 51 has an air outlet 52 that provides airflow to the intermittent release device 4 and the air suction seed metering device 32 in each row. The position of the air outlet 52 basically corresponds to the position of each working row. In actual use, the airflow distribution pipe 51 can have four air outlets 52, each air outlet 52 is connected to an air inlet pipe 42 and an air suction seed metering device 32 at the same time; the airflow distribution pipe 51 can also have an air outlet 52 for each air inlet pipe 42 and each air suction seed metering device 32, that is, a total of 8 air outlets 52.

[0043] With the above structure, the fertilizer discharge mechanism 23 is still continuously driven by the first ground wheel 24. An intermittent release device 4 is set on the connection line between the fertilizer discharge mechanism 23 and the fertilizer application pipe 21. The blocking mechanism 41 can intercept the fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer discharge mechanism 23. The air inlet pipe 42 intermittently sprays air to blow open the blocking mechanism 41 to release the fertilizer. In this way, intermittent fertilization can be achieved to achieve hole application, making the fertilizer more concentrated and giving full play to the fertilizer's effectiveness. Preferably, the amount of fertilizer discharged by the fertilizer discharge mechanism 23 from the blocking mechanism 41 during each two opening intervals is equal to the amount of fertilizer required for one hole application. After the fertilizer discharge mechanism 23 opens, it releases all the fertilizer accumulated above the blocking mechanism 41. In this way, there will be no fertilizer accumulation on the blocking mechanism 41, which is more conducive to the long-term stable operation of fertilization. In order to achieve the intermittent air discharge from the air inlet pipe 42 to blow open the blocking mechanism 41, an air valve can be set on the connection line between the air inlet pipe 42 and the air outlet 52. By controlling the opening and closing of the air valve, the air inlet pipe 42 can intermittently discharge air.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, the blocking mechanism 41 includes multiple baffle assemblies arranged in a circumferential array. Each baffle assembly includes a component base 41a, a fan-shaped baffle 41b rotatably mounted relative to the component base 41a, and a torsion spring 41c. The center of the edge of the fan-shaped baffle 41b is hinged to the component base 41a, and torsion springs 41c are provided on both sides of the hinge position. The two ends of the torsion springs 41c abut against the lower side of the fan-shaped baffle 41b and the component base 41a, respectively. All component bases 41a are assembled into a ring. When the blocking mechanism 41 is in the closed state, all fan-shaped baffles 41b are assembled into a complete circle located within the ring in the top view direction. The outlet of the air inlet pipe 42 is located above the center of the ring, and it can blow air downwards to act on all the fan-shaped baffles 41b. The above-mentioned blocking mechanism 41 can be effectively opened by the airflow and can quickly release fertilizer. The aforementioned blocking mechanism 41 is located inside the outer casing 44, and a feeding cylinder 43 is also installed inside the outer casing 44. The feeding cylinder 43 restricts the fertilizer within a cylinder with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the ring, so as to ensure that the fertilizer can be released quickly after the blocking mechanism 41 is opened.

[0045] Preferably, every two fertilizer discharge mechanisms 23 correspond to the same fertilizer box 22, that is, there are a total of two fertilizer boxes 22, each of which is a horizontally arranged elongated structure; the fan 5 is placed between the two fertilizer boxes 22. In this way, the structural layout is reasonable and can improve the structural compactness of the machine.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, the fertilization assembly 2 also includes a trenching shovel 25 and a roller rake 26. The trenching shovel 25 includes a shovel body 251 with its lower end bent forward. A blade 252 is fixed to the lower end of the shovel body 251, and the blade 252 can be disassembled and replaced relative to the shovel body 251. The fertilizer inlet pipe 21 is fixed to the rear side of the trenching shovel 25, and the roller rake 26 is rotatably mounted on the rear side of the fertilizer inlet pipe 21. In use, the trenching shovel 25 digs a deep trench in the ground. Since the fertilizer inlet pipe 21 is fixed to the lowest side of the trenching shovel 25, the fertilizer inlet pipe 21 can promptly deliver fertilizer to the deepest part of the trench dug by the trenching shovel 25. The roller rake 26 can promptly cover the trench with soil to close the trench dug by the trenching shovel 25.

[0047] The first ground wheel 24 includes a cylindrical main wheel body 241 and anti-slip parts 242 arranged in a circumferential array relative to the main wheel body 241; the anti-slip parts 242 are U-shaped bent steel bars, one end of which is fixed to the inner wall of the main wheel body 241, and the other end is placed on the outer side of the main wheel body 241, with a gap between them and the outer wall of the main wheel body 241.

[0048] The first ground wheel 24 is connected to the main frame 1 via a height adjustment mechanism 27. In this way, the anti-slip part 242 can embed itself deeper into the soil to provide anti-slip protection. The anti-slip part 242 is also elastic, allowing it to absorb impacts from hard objects through elastic deformation. Furthermore, the main wheel 241 provides support to the ground, limiting the trenching depth of the trenching shovel 25. The trenching depth, i.e., the fertilization depth, can be adjusted via the height adjustment mechanism 27.

[0049] There are two first ground wheels 24, arranged left and right; the four fertilizer pipes 21 correspond to four rolling rakes 26, which are divided into two pairs, left and right, and each pair of rolling rakes 26 is provided with one first ground wheel 24.

[0050] Each of the sowing components 3 includes a connecting seat 35 that connects to the main frame 1, and the spacing between the connecting seats 35 can be adjusted. This allows for adaptation to different sowing needs. Preferably, the connecting seat 35 of each sowing component can drive the fertilizer pipe 21, furrowing shovel 25, and roller rake 26 in the same row to move together.

[0051] In the first embodiment, as Figure 4As shown, each of the connecting seats 35 is slidably mounted relative to the main frame 1; a first rack 61 is mounted on the main frame 1, and a first drive motor 62 is mounted on each of the connecting seats 35. A first gear 63 that meshes with the first rack 61 is fixed on the output shaft of the first drive motor 62. In this embodiment, the first drive motor 62 on each connecting seat 35 independently drives the connecting seat 35 to translate to adjust the spacing.

[0052] In the first embodiment described above, since each connector 35 requires a first drive motor 62, the required number of motors is large, resulting in high cost, complex control, and significant wear and tear over long-term use. Therefore, preferably, in the second embodiment, as... Figure 8 As shown, the four connecting seats 35 corresponding to the four seeding components 3 are respectively the first seat 35a, the second seat 35b, the third seat 35c, and the fourth seat 35d; as Figure 8 As shown, the second seat 35b is a reference seat, on which a second drive motor 71 is mounted. A second gear 72 is fixed on the output shaft of the second drive motor 71. A second rack 73 and a third rack 74 are mounted on both sides of the center of the second gear 72 in a parallel arrangement. Both the second rack 73 and the third rack 74 mesh with the second gear 72 and can slide relative to the reference seat. The second rack 73 and the third rack 74 are respectively connected to the first seat 35a and the third seat 35c. The third rack 74 simultaneously drives the third gear 75 to move synchronously with the third seat 35c. The third gear 75 can rotate relative to the third rack 74, and a fourth rack 76 and a fifth rack 77 are respectively mounted on both sides of the third gear 75 to mesh with it. Figure 10 As shown, the fourth rack 76 is fixed relative to the second seat 35b; the fifth rack 77 is slidable relative to the second seat 35b, and the fifth rack 77 is connected to the fourth seat 35d.

[0053] With the above structure, the rotation of the second drive motor 71 causes the second rack 73 and the third rack 74 to move in opposite directions at the same speed, which in turn causes the first seat 35a and the third seat 35c to move away from the second seat 35b at the same speed. Since the fourth rack 76 and the fifth rack 77 are located on both sides of the third gear 75, and are respectively fixed and sliding relative to the reference seat, the movement speed of the fourth seat 35d is twice that of the third seat 35c, and their displacements are also twice that of each other. Therefore, with the above structure, a single second drive motor 71 can be used to make the four connecting seats 35 move equidistantly or converge equidistantly, resulting in low cost and simple control.

[0054] Furthermore, preferably, such as Figure 11As shown, the second seat 35b is fixed on the transition seat 78, which is slidably mounted relative to the main frame 1. A third gear 79 is also fixed on the output shaft of the second drive motor 71, and a sixth rack 710 meshing with the third gear 79 is fixed on the main frame 1. The sixth rack 710 and the third rack 74 are located on the same side of the output shaft of the second drive motor 71, and the pitch circle radius of the third gear 79 is half the pitch circle radius of the second gear 72. In this way, when the second drive motor 71 is running, the symmetry center of the four sets of seeding components 3 can remain unchanged.

[0055] The air-suction seed metering device 32 is driven by the second ground wheel 8.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-row intermittent fertilization and sowing integrated machine, which can simultaneously carry out four-row fertilization and sowing operations, includes a main frame (1) and a fertilization component (2) and a sowing component (3) installed on the main frame (1). The fertilization assembly (2) has four fertilizer inlet pipes (21) arranged in a left-right distribution, and also includes a fertilizer box (22) for supplying fertilizer to the fertilizer inlet pipes (21), a fertilizer discharge mechanism (23), and a first ground wheel (24) for driving the fertilizer discharge mechanism (23). The number of the sowing components (3) is four sets, and the sowing components (3) include a seed box (31), an air suction seed metering device (32), a furrowing device (33), and a soil covering device (34); a fan (5) is also installed on the main frame (1); characterized in that: Each of the fertilizer discharging mechanisms (23) is provided with an intermittent release device (4) between it and the corresponding fertilizer inlet pipe (21). The intermittent release device (4) includes a blocking mechanism (41) that can block the fertilizer, and an air inlet pipe (42) that can blow open the blocking mechanism (41). The blower (5) is connected to an airflow distribution pipe (51), which has an outlet (52) that provides airflow to the intermittent release device (4) and the air-suction seed meter (32) in each row. Each of the seeding components (3) includes a connecting seat (35) that connects to the main frame (1), and the spacing between the connecting seats (35) can be adjusted. The four connecting seats (35) corresponding to the four seeding components (3) are respectively the first seat (35a), the second seat (35b), the third seat (35c), and the fourth seat (35d); the second seat (35b) is a reference seat, on which a second drive motor (71) is mounted, and a second gear (72) is fixed on the output shaft of the second drive motor (71). A second rack (73) and a third rack (74) are mounted on both sides of the center of the second gear (72) in a parallel arrangement; the second rack (73) and the third rack (74) are respectively connected to the first seat (35a). The third rack (74) drives the third gear (75) to move synchronously with the third seat (35c). The third gear (75) can rotate relative to the third rack (74). The third gear (75) is equipped with a fourth rack (76) and a fifth rack (77) that mesh with it on both sides. The fourth rack (76) is fixed relative to the second seat (35b). The fifth rack (77) can slide relative to the second seat (35b). The fifth rack (77) is connected to the fourth seat (35d).

2. The multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each pair of fertilizer discharge mechanisms (23) corresponds to the same fertilizer box (22), that is, there are two fertilizer boxes (22) in total. Each fertilizer box (22) is a long strip structure placed horizontally on the left and right. The fan (5) is placed between the two fertilizer boxes (22).

3. The multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilization assembly (2) also includes a trenching shovel (25) and a rolling rake (26); the trenching shovel (25) includes a shovel body (251) with its lower end bent forward, and a blade (252) is fixed at the lower end of the shovel body (251); the fertilizer tube (21) is fixed to the rear side of the trenching shovel (25), and the rolling rake (26) is rotatably installed on the rear side of the fertilizer tube (21).

4. The multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ground wheel (24) includes a cylindrical main wheel body (241) and anti-slip parts (242) arranged in a circumferential array relative to the main wheel body (241); the anti-slip parts (242) are U-shaped bent steel bars, one end of which is fixed on the inner wall of the main wheel body (241) and the other end is placed on the outer side of the main wheel body (241).

5. The multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first ground wheel (24) is connected to the main frame (1) via a height adjustment mechanism (27).

6. The multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are two first ground wheels (24), and the two first ground wheels (24) are arranged on the left and right. The four fertilizer pipes (21) are divided into two pairs of rolling rakes (26), and each pair of rolling rakes (26) is provided with one first ground wheel (24).

7. The multi-row intermittent fertilization and seeding integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air-suction seed meter (32) is driven by the second ground wheel (8).

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